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Sanyal D, Arya D, Nishi K, Balasinor N, Singh D. Clinical Utility of Sperm Function Tests in Predicting Male Fertility: A Systematic Review. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:863-882. [PMID: 38012524 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Routine semen analysis provides considerable information regarding sperm parameters; however, it is not solely adequate to predict male fertility potential. In the past two decades, several advance sperm function tests have been developed. The present systematic review intends to assess the clinical utility of available advance sperm function tests in predicting the male fertility potential. A systematic literature search was conducted as per PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. Different keywords either singly or in combination were used to retrieve the relevant articles related to sperm function tests, male fertility, and pregnancy outcomes. A total of 5169 articles were obtained, out of which 110 meeting the selection criteria were included in this review. The majorly investigated sperm function tests are hypo-osmotic swelling test, acrosome reaction test, sperm capacitation test, hemizona binding assay, sperm DNA fragmentation test, seminal reactive oxygen species test, mitochondrial dysfunction tests, antisperm antibody test, nuclear chromatin de-condensation (NCD) test, etc. The different advance sperm function tests analyse different aspects of sperm function. Hence, any one test may not be helpful to appropriately predict the male fertility potential. Currently, the unavailability of high-quality clinical data, robust thresholds, complex protocols, high cost, etc., are the limiting factors and prohibiting current sperm function tests to reach the clinics. Further multi-centric research efforts are required to fulfil the existing lacunas and pave the way for these tests to be introduced into the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Sanyal
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Deepshikha Arya
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Kumari Nishi
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Nafisa Balasinor
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
| | - Dipty Singh
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Behdarvandian P, Nasr-Esfahani A, Tavalaee M, Pashaei K, Naderi N, Darmishonnejad Z, Hallak J, Aitken RJ, Gharagozloo P, Drevet JR, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA ®) and flow cytometry-assisted TUNEL assay provide a concordant assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation as a function of age in a large cohort of approximately 10,000 patients. Basic Clin Androl 2023; 33:33. [PMID: 38030992 PMCID: PMC10688019 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-023-00208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm DNA integrity is increasingly seen as a critical characteristic determining reproductive success, both in natural reproduction and in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Despite this awareness, sperm DNA and nuclear integrity tests are still not part of routine examinations for either infertile men or fertile men wishing to assess their reproductive capacity. This is not due to the unavailability of DNA and sperm nuclear integrity tests. On the contrary, several relevant but distinct tests are available and have been used in many clinical trials, which has led to conflicting results and confusion. The reasons for this are mainly the lack of standardization between different clinics and between the tests themselves. In addition, the small number of samples analyzed in these trials has often weakened the value of the analyses performed. In the present work, we used a large cohort of semen samples, covering a wide age range, which were simultaneously evaluated for sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) using two of the most frequently used SDF assays, namely the TUNEL assay and the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®). At the same time, as standard seminal parameters (sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm count) were available for these samples, correlations between age, SDF and conventional seminal parameters were analyzed. RESULTS We show that the SCSA® and TUNEL assessments of SDF produce concordant data. However, the SDF assessed by TUNEL is systematically lower than that assessed by SCSA®. Regardless of the test used, the SDF increases steadily during aging, while the HDS parameter (High DNA stainability assessed via SCSA®) remains unchanged. In the cohort analyzed, conventional sperm parameters do not seem to discriminate with aging. Only sperm volume and motility were significantly lower in the oldest age group analyzed [50-59 years of age]. CONCLUSIONS In the large cohort analyzed, SDF is an age-dependent parameter, increasing linearly with aging. The SCSA® assessment of SDF and the flow cytometry-assisted TUNEL assessment are well correlated, although TUNEL is less sensitive than SCSA®. This difference in sensitivity should be taken into account in the final assessment of the true level of fragmentation of the sperm nucleus of a given sample. The classical sperm parameters (motility, morphology, sperm count) do not change dramatically with age, making them inadequate to assess the fertility potential of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Behdarvandian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran
| | - Ali Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran.
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran
| | - Kosar Pashaei
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nushin Naderi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran
| | - Zahra Darmishonnejad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran
| | - Jorge Hallak
- Androscience, Science and Innovation Center in Andrology and High-Complex Clinical and Research Andrology Laboratory, Sao Paulo, 04534-011, Brazil
| | - Robert J Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | | | - Joël R Drevet
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD Institute, CRBC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran.
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran.
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Bibi R, Jahan S, Kafeel Qureshi S, Razak S, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Kafeel Qureshi M, Hammadeh ME, Amor H. Analysis of sperm chromatin packaging and reproductive biomarker to evaluate the consequence of advanced male age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1092603. [PMID: 37124745 PMCID: PMC10140363 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1092603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the semen parameters, sperm chromatin integrity, antioxidant enzyme levels, and reproductive hormone levels of subfertile male subjects from Pakistan were assessed in relation to their age. Data on the demographic characteristics of the 750 study participants, including their general health, body mass index (BMI), and reproductive status, were collected from subfertile men from Pakistan. Semen and blood were collected to determine standard semen parameters, sperm chromatin dispersion (Halosperm-SCD), sperm chromatin integrity using toluidine blue (TB) staining, sperm chromatin maturity using chromomycin A3 (CMA3+) staining, and reproductive hormone (FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone levels). The patients were divided into three groups according to their age: Group 1 included male subjects aged 30 years or less (n = 90), Group 2 included male subjects between the ages of 31 and 40 years (n = 330), and Group 3 included male subjects over 40 years of age (n = 330). Conventional semen parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) did not statistically (p > 0.05) differ with increasing male age or between different age groups. When compared to younger men (<30 years), sperm SCD (23.2 ± 0.88%) was significantly (p = 0.01) lower as compared to male patients aged >40 years (26.6 ± 0.6%). The concentration of LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were comparable between the groups (p > 0.05), while a significant (p = 0.04) increase in sperm chromatin immaturity CMA3+ (30 ± 0.71%) was observed in the old age group (>40 years) compared to the <30-year group (26.6 ± 1.03%). A positive association was observed between advanced male age and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) (r = 0.124, p = 0.001) and decondensation (CMA3+) (r = 0.1, p = 0.009). Despite potential limitations, this study has been carried out with extensive information on the potential risk of male age on sperm integrity. The present study demonstrated the impact of male age on male reproductive health, as these patients had a higher percentage of sperm chromatin damage (SCD) in their semen. Sperm DNA damage assessment will help in the evaluation and diagnosis of the underlying cause of poor fertility and can help clinicians in selecting the right treatment options. Male age is one of the factors that have an impact on the decline in male fertility. As a result, it is preferable for patients receiving assisted reproductive technology to be younger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Riffat Bibi, ; Suhail Razak,
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salma Kafeel Qureshi
- Department of Reproductive Health Sciences, Salma and Kafeel Medical Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Riffat Bibi, ; Suhail Razak,
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashal Kafeel Qureshi
- Department of Reproductive Health Sciences, Salma and Kafeel Medical Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, Homburg, Germany
| | - Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, Homburg, Germany
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Fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, preserves limb integrity in a mouse model of unilateral critical limb ischemia: Possible interplay of inflammatory and angiogenic signaling pathways. Life Sci 2022; 309:121019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bibi R, Jahan S, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Hammadeh ME, Alruwaili NW, Razak S, Amor H. The influence of paternal overweight on sperm chromatin integrity, fertilization rate and pregnancy outcome among males attending fertility clinic for IVF/ICSI treatment. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:620. [PMID: 35931982 PMCID: PMC9354411 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low and middle-income countries are facing a rapid increase in obesity and overweight burden, particularly in urban settings. Being overweight in men is associated with infertility and a higher risk to have a low sperm count or no sperm in their ejaculate. Despite potential limitations, this is one of few studies conducted to determine the potential risk of paternal overweight on sperm standard parameters, sperm chromatin integrity and assisted conception outcome including fertilization, embryo quality, cleavage rate, reduce blastocyst development, implantation, and cumulative live birth rate (CLBR). Methods A cross-sectional study of 750 infertile couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique at a single reproductive medicine center of Salma Kafeel Medical Centre Islamabad. Sperm from men undergoing ART were analyzed for chromatin integrity using sperm chromatin dispersion assay (SCD), Chromomycin A3 staining (CMA3), and toluidine blue (TB) staining, while other semen parameters were assessed on same day includes; standard semen parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), sperm deformity index (SDI), teratozoospermic index (TZI), and hypo-osmatic swelling test (HOST). Paternal body mass index (BMI) < 24.5–20 kg/m2 served as the reference group, while the male patients with BMI > 24.5-30 kg/m2 were considered to be overweight. Results In the analysis of the percentage of spermatozoa with chromatin maturity (CMA3) and chromatin integrity (TB) was reduced significantly in overweight men (p < 0.01) compared with a reference group. Increase in paternal BMI correlate with the increase in sperm chromatin damage (SCD r = 0.282, TB r = 0.144, p < 0.05), immaturity (CMA3, r = 0.79, p < 0.05) and oxidative stress (ROS) (r = 0.282, p < 0.001). Peri-fertilization effects were increased in oocytes fertilization in couples with overweight men (FR = 67%) compared with normal-weight men (FR = 74.8%), similarly, after univariant regression paternal weight remain predictor of sperm chromatin maturity, successful fertilization and CLBR. In the embryo, developmental stage number of the embryo in cleavage was higher in normal weight men, while day 3 (D3) embryos, percent good quality embryo D3, and blastocyst formation rate were compared able between the groups. The paternal overweight group had significant (p < 0.001) increased neonatal birth weight (2952.14 ± 53.64gm; within normal range) when compared with the reference group (2577.24 ± 30.94gm) following assisted reproductive technology (ART). CLBR was higher (p < 0.05) in normal weight men compared to couples with overweight male partners. CLBR per embryo transfer and per 2PN was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between the two groups. An inverse association was observed in the linear regression model between paternal BMI with fertilization rate and CLBR. Conclusion The present study demonstrated the impact of paternal overweight on male reproductive health, as these patients had a higher percentage of immature sperm (CMA3) with impaired chromatin integrity (SCD, TB) in their semen and had decreased fertilization rate, CLBR following assisted reproductive treatments. The present study supports that paternal overweight should be regarded as one of the predictors for fertilization, CLBR and useful for counseling, to consider body mass index not only in women but also for men, in those couples opting for ART treatment, and warrant a poor reproductive outcome in overweight men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, Homburg, Germany
| | - Nawaf W Alruwaili
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, Homburg, Germany
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Watanabe S. DNA damage in human sperm: The sperm chromosome assay. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12461. [PMID: 35475148 PMCID: PMC9020466 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm DNA damage is a major cause of pre‐ and post‐implantation embryonic loss in humans. However, the factors that control how and when such DNA damage occurs in human sperm are poorly understood. Methods Here, I review information relating to sperm DNA damage that can be obtained from the sperm chromosome assays described in the existing literature. Main findings The sperm chromosome assays, which consist of interspecific in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection using murine oocytes and subsequent chromosome analysis, indicate that the proportion of sperm showing DNA damage is initially low and there are larger numbers of sperm with potential membrane and DNA damage that are induced after ejaculation and separation from the seminal plasma. Other assays that directly detect sperm DNA (e.g., TUNEL assays, Comet assays, and acridine orange test) are not able to distinguish and detect the initial and potential DNA damage. Furthermore, the positive values in these direct assays are influenced by the frequency of immotile sperm and amorphous sperm populations. Conclusion The findings in the sperm chromosome assays show that further improvements in sperm preparation protocols may result in the reduction of sperm DNA damage, followed by more successful outcomes in infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Anatomical Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan
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Citrylglutamate synthase deficient male mice are subfertile with impaired histone and transition protein 2 removal in late spermatids. Biochem J 2022; 479:953-972. [PMID: 35419597 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin remodelling in spermatids is an essential step in spermiogenesis and involves the exchange of most histones by protamines, which drives chromatin condensation in late spermatids. The gene Rimklb encodes a citrylglutamate synthase highly expressed in testes of vertebrates and the increase of its reaction product, β-citrylglutamate, correlates in time with the appearance of spermatids. Here we show that deficiency in a functional Rimklb gene leads to male subfertility, which could be partially rescued by in vitro fertilization. Rimklb-deficient mice are impaired in a late step of spermiogenesis and produce spermatozoa with abnormally shaped heads and nuclei. Sperm chromatin in Rimklb-deficient mice was less condensed and showed impaired histone to protamine exchange and retained transition protein 2. These observations suggest that citrylglutamate synthase, probably via its reaction product β-citrylglutamate, is essential for efficient chromatin remodelling during spermiogenesis and may be a possible candidate gene for male subfertility or infertility in humans.
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van der Horst G, Maree L. Origin, Migration, and Reproduction of Indigenous Domestic Animals with Special Reference to Their Sperm Quality. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050657. [PMID: 35268225 PMCID: PMC8909367 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Indigenous domestic animals are derived from “wild” ancestors that have been domesticated as far back as 11,000 BP. In this investigation, we concentrate on indigenous domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and chickens and consider their fertility potential. In South Africa alone, more than 60 indigenous domestic breeds have been listed, and by and large, their sperm quality is similar to high fertility exotic breeds. Why are these indigenous breeds important? Particularly during the last 7000 years, different races migrated with their domestic animals, mainly from Northern to Southern Africa, and the animals were exposed to droughts, food scarcity, and many endo- and ecto-parasites. Accordingly, these animals are well-adapted to the harsh conditions of Southern Africa, and it is important to include them in breeding programs to exploit their favorable traits. Abstract Indigenous domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and chickens have a natural resistance to endo- and ecto-parasites and are tolerant in terms of harsh environmental conditions. These species orginated from the Fertile Cresent between 12,000 and 10,000 BP before migrating into surrounding continents. In view of limited information on the reproductive status of indigenous breeds, it is important to examine their semen characteristics in order to select males to improve livestock production. We have largely relied on existing literature but also our published and ongoing research on sperm quality assessment of several indigenous breeds. The sperm quality of these breeds is similar to current commercial breeds and has been quantified using cutting-edge methods. In this context, we have presented sperm functional tests which provide a better estimate of semen quality than just a standard semen analysis. Initial results suggest that the indigenous breeds have a high sperm quality and sperm functionality similar to currently farmed exotic or crossbreeds. In the long-term, the importance of preserving the favorable traits of these breeds is a priority in view of crossbreeding with existing good meat and milk producers.
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Idiopathic Infertility as a Feature of Genome Instability. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070628. [PMID: 34209597 PMCID: PMC8307193 DOI: 10.3390/life11070628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome instability may play a role in severe cases of male infertility, with disrupted spermatogenesis being just one manifestation of decreased general health and increased morbidity. Here, we review the data on the association of male infertility with genetic, epigenetic, and environmental alterations, the causes and consequences, and the methods for assessment of genome instability. Male infertility research has provided evidence that spermatogenic defects are often not limited to testicular dysfunction. An increased incidence of urogenital disorders and several types of cancer, as well as overall reduced health (manifested by decreased life expectancy and increased morbidity) have been reported in infertile men. The pathophysiological link between decreased life expectancy and male infertility supports the notion of male infertility being a systemic rather than an isolated condition. It is driven by the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and premature cellular senescence. We have presented extensive data supporting the notion that genome instability can lead to severe male infertility termed “idiopathic oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia.” We have detailed that genome instability in men with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) might depend on several genetic and epigenetic factors such as chromosomal heterogeneity, aneuploidy, micronucleation, dynamic mutations, RT, PIWI/piRNA regulatory pathway, pathogenic allelic variants in repair system genes, DNA methylation, environmental aspects, and lifestyle factors.
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Male Factors: the Role of Sperm in Preimplantation Embryo Quality. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1788-1811. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Dutta S, Henkel R, Agarwal A. Comparative analysis of tests used to assess sperm chromatin integrity and DNA fragmentation. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13718. [PMID: 32628294 DOI: 10.1111/and.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility has a complex etiology, and many times, the cause is unknown. While routine semen analysis provides an overview of basic semen parameters, such as sperm concentration, motility, viability and morphology, a significant overlap of these parameters has been reported in fertile and infertile men. Moreover, conventional semen parameters do not reveal the cellular or molecular mechanisms of sperm dysfunctions leading to infertility. Therefore, sperm functional parameters, including sperm chromatin integrity, are evaluated to provide information on subtle sperm defects that are not routinely identified. Incomplete or defective sperm chromatin condensation increases the susceptibility of the sperm DNA to oxidative damage or other factors. To evaluate sperm chromatin integrity, different methods with varying degrees of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities are available. Among these assays, SCSA, TUNEL and SCD assays are most commonly used. While these assays rather evaluate the DNA directly for damages, the aniline blue and chromomycin A3 stains test for the quality of chromatin condensation. Thus, this review discusses and compares different methods used to evaluate sperm chromatin integrity and condensation, and their inclusion in the routine evaluation of the male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Grèze C, Guttmann A, Pons-Rejraji H, Vasson MP, Lornage J, Ouchchane L, Brugnon F. Can the SCD test and terminal uridine nick-end labeling by flow cytometry technique (TUNEL/FCM) be used interchangeably to measure sperm DNA damage in routine laboratory practice? Basic Clin Androl 2019; 29:17. [PMID: 31890218 PMCID: PMC6933933 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-019-0098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous tests have been proposed to evaluate sperm DNA integrity. To assess the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test in an andrology laboratory, twenty-five men attending Clermont-Ferrand (France) University Hospital’s Center for Reproductive Medicine were recruited. Sperm DNA damage was measured in the same semen samples using the SCD test and the Terminal Uridine Nick-end Labeling by flow cytometry technique (TUNEL/FCM) after density gradient centrifugation. Results SCD test reliability between readings, readers or slides was clearly established with very high agreement between measurements (Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) at 0.97, 0.95 and 0.98 respectively). Despite very good agreement between the SCD test and TUNEL/FCM (ICC at 0.94), the SCD test tended to slightly but significantly underestimate DNA damage compared with TUNEL (p = 0.0127). This systematic difference between the two techniques was − 3.39 ± 1.45% (mean ± SE). Conclusions Andrology laboratories using the SCD test to measure sperm DNA damage need to know that it appears to give slightly underestimated measurements compared to TUNEL/FCM. However, this systematic underestimation is very small in amplitude. Both techniques give almost perfectly congruent results. Our study underlines the importance for each laboratory to validate its method to assess sperm DNA damage before implementing it in routine andrology lab practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Grèze
- 1Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, CECOS, Pôle Femme et Enfant, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,2Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de Biologie de la Reproduction et de Diagnostic préimplantatoire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aline Guttmann
- 3Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,4Institut Pascal, UMR 6602-CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Image Guided Therapy/PEPRADE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hanae Pons-Rejraji
- 1Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, CECOS, Pôle Femme et Enfant, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,5Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, U 1240 Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- 6Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR 1019 - INRA/UCA, Equipe ECREIN, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Unité de Nutrition, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Jean-Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jacqueline Lornage
- 8Service de Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Lemlih Ouchchane
- 3Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,4Institut Pascal, UMR 6602-CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Image Guided Therapy/PEPRADE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Brugnon
- 1Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, CECOS, Pôle Femme et Enfant, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,8Service de Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
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13
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Monachesi NE, Neild D, Carretero M. Dog sperm DNA: Raw semen evaluation with Toluidine blue stain. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1078-1084. [PMID: 31187909 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The toluidine blue (TB) stain has been used in different species to evaluate the degree of chromatin condensation. The objectives of this study were as follows: simplify the TB stain to evaluate sperm in canine raw semen, verify the staining patterns for this species using this simplified technique and establish a protocol for using dithiothreitol (DTT) as a positive control for TB staining in dogs. Twenty-one ejaculates were collected from 7 adult male dogs; semen was extended, fixed with ethanol 96° and stained with TB using 2 staining times: 15 and 30 min. In addition, 3 incubation times with 1% DTT were assayed (2, 5 and 30 min). Three staining patterns were established: light blue colouring (TB negative, normal chromatin condensation), light violet (TB intermediate, some degree of chromatin decondensation) and dark blue-violet (TB positive, high degree of chromatin decondensation). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the staining times (15 and 30 min) for any of the TB patterns. All DTT incubation times (2, 5 and 30 min) showed 100% sperm positive to TB. To conclude, it was possible to simplify the TB stain and determine the different patterns in canine spermatozoa. Also, DTT can be used both as a positive control for the stain and to evaluate individual susceptibility to decondensation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma E Monachesi
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Deborah Neild
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Carretero
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Yildiz K, Yuksel S. Use of microfluidic sperm extraction chips as an alternative method in patients with recurrent in vitro fertilisation failure. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1423-1429. [PMID: 31093866 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It is known that sperm preparation techniques in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are intended to select the best-quality sperm. The aim of this study is to compare sperm the density gradient method and microfluidic chip (Fertile Plus) method in infertile patients by analysing fertilisation rates, pregnancy rates, and sperm morphology and DNA fragmentation rates posed by these two methods. METHODS Using semen samples obtained from the patients, sperms were prepared with gradient (n = 312) and microfluidic chip methods (n = 116). Fertilisation and pregnancy rates were compared in the first time and in the recurrent IVF trial patients. In addition, the morphology and DNA fragmentation comparison of sperm samples were evaluated by Toluidine blue in situ chemical staining method. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between fertilisation and pregnancy rates when compared with study groups in first-time IVF treatment patients. However, in recurrent IVF failure patients, there was a significant difference in fertilisation rates but no statistically significant difference was found in pregnancy rates. The microfluidic chip method significantly decreased sperm DNA fragmentation index according to density gradient method. CONCLUSIONS Microfluidic chip method may be recommended in patients with recurrent unsuccessful in vitro trials. The sperm DNA fragmentation test prior to the treatment will be helpful in selecting the appropriate sperm-washing method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sengul Yuksel
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Medicine Faculty, School of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
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15
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Ili P, Sari F, Bucak MN, Öztürk C, Güngör Ş, Ataman MB. DNA damaging effect of paclitaxel in the epididymal sperms as a chemotherapeutic agent and possible remedies to prevent this effect: A study on reproductive potential of male cancer patients of reproductive age. Theriogenology 2019; 132:201-211. [PMID: 31029850 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health problem, young cancer patients therefore undergo chemotherapy, and most of them may lose their fertility. DNA damage level provides important clues about the quality and reproductive potential of spermatozoa. In this study, we evaluated the levels of both DNA fragmentation and abnormal DNA integrity in the epididymal sperms of New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) after cryopreservation using the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) assay and the toluidine blue (TB) staining methods and assessed the effects of paclitaxel, resveratrol, l-glutamine (LG), and basal medium eagle (BME) solution on DNA damage. Paclitaxel induced the levels of both DNA damages in the sperms, but resveratrol ameliorated this effect. LG and BME supplementation to the extender prevented the sperm samples from DNA fragmentation after cryopreservation. Chemotherapy drugs containing paclitaxel can cause the sperm DNA to be damaged, and hence adversely affect the fertility of male cancer patients of reproductive age. The administration of resveratrol together with paclitaxel may ameliorate the DNA damage inducing effect of paclitaxel. Sperm banking and cryopreservation with the appropriate cryoprotectants such as LG and BME prior to cancer treatment can also be suggested to all male cancer patients of reproductive age facing cancer treatment for fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Ili
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Denizli Vocational School of Health Services, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Fikret Sari
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Tavas Vocational School, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Numan Bucak
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Caner Öztürk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Güngör
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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16
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Impact of selenium nano-particles in semen extender on bull sperm quality after cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2019; 126:121-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Pourmasumi S, Nazari A, Fagheirelahee N, Sabeti P. Cytochemical tests to investigate sperm DNA damage: Assessment and review. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:1533-1539. [PMID: 31198709 PMCID: PMC6559112 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Male factor infertility has been diagnosed as the cause of infertility in about 20% of infertile couples. Sperm analysis is the most common method for diagnosing infertility in a laboratory. However, approximately 15% of infertile men have a normal sperm analysis. Therefore, the result of a routine sperm analysis often cannot be a definitive diagnosis for male factor infertility. Also, approximately 8% of infertile men with normal sperm parameters have high levels of abnormal sperm DNA. This indicates the role of the integrity of sperm DNA in male infertility. Here, we review the current tests available to evaluate the sperm DNA integrity along with their benefits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Pourmasumi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Sabeti
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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18
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Küçük N. Sperm DNA and detection of DNA fragmentations in sperm. Turk J Urol 2018; 44:1-5. [PMID: 29484219 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2018.49321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The questionable effectiveness of routine sperm parameters in determining male factor infertility problems and increasing the success rates of assisted reproductive techniques have led to the investigation of more detailed sperm parameters that could affect the male fertility and reproduction. Thus, the effects of different sperm parameters such as sperm DNA integrity was started to be investigated thanks to the previously described methods such as single cell gel electrophoresis (COMET) assay, sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), acridine orange test (AOT), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine (TdT) triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test. However, studying on sperm DNA might be very complex because the sperm DNA differs from the somatic cell DNA with its unique structure. Also, the sperm DNA undergoes many changes during spermatogenesis and it is condensed by being packaged tightly with different types and numbers of protamines in different species. Despite all these difficulties, these methods provide important information about the reasons and consequences of DNA damages in sperm and the effects of these damages on reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyazi Küçük
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
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19
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Rui BR, Angrimani DS, Losano JDA, Bicudo LDC, Nichi M, Pereira RJ. Validation of simple and cost-effective stains to assess acrosomal status, DNA damage and mitochondrial activity in rooster spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 187:133-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Khalil WA, El-Harairy MA, Zeidan AE, Hassan MA, Mohey-Elsaeed O. Evaluation of bull spermatozoa during and after cryopreservation: Structural and ultrastructural insights. Int J Vet Sci Med 2017; 6:S49-S56. [PMID: 30761321 PMCID: PMC6161860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Semen cryopreservation is a well-established procedure used in veterinary assisted reproduction technology applications. We investigated damaging effects of cryopreservation on the structural and ultrastructural characteristics of bull sperm induced at different temperatures and steps during standard cryopreservation procedure using transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy. We also examined the effect of cryopreservation on sperm DNA and chromatin integrity. Five healthy, fertile Friesian bulls were used, and the ejaculates were obtained using an artificial vagina method. The semen samples were pooled and diluted in a tris-yolk fructose (TYF) for a final concentration of 80 × 106 spermatozoa/ml. The semen samples were packed in straws (0.25 ml), and stored in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). Samples were evaluated before dilution, just after dilution (at 37°C), at 2 h and 4 h during equilibration, and after thawing (37°C for 30 s in water bath). In association with step-wise decline in motility and viability, our results showed that the plasma membrane surrounding the sperm head was the most vulnerable structure to cryo-damage with various degrees of swelling, undulation, or loss affecting about 50% of the total sperm population after equilibration and freezing. Typical acrosome reaction was limited to 10% of the spermatozoa after freezing. We also observed increased number of mitochondria with distorted cristae (15%). Chromatin damage was significantly increased by cryopreservation as evident by TEM (9%). This was mainly due to DNA breaks as confirmed by Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) (8.4%) whereas the chromatin structure was less affected as evaluated microscopically by toluidine blue staining. We concluded that, using standard cryopreservation protocol, the most pronounced damage induced by cryopreservation is observed in the plasma membrane. Further improvement of cryopreservation protocols should thus be targeted at reducing plasma membrane damage. Acrosomal, mitochondrial and chromatin damage are also evident but appear to be within acceptable limits as discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A. Khalil
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. El-Harairy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | | | | | - Omnia Mohey-Elsaeed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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21
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Sobeh M, Hassan SA, El Raey MA, Khalil WA, Hassan MAE, Wink M. Polyphenolics from Albizia harveyi Exhibit Antioxidant Activities and Counteract Oxidative Damage and Ultra-Structural Changes of Cryopreserved Bull Semen. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111993. [PMID: 29149062 PMCID: PMC6150411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Albizia harveyi is a tropical deciduous tree, found across South and Eastern Africa and widely used in traditional medicine. The leaf extract ameliorated the damaging effects of the frozen-thawing process in cryopreserved bull semen. In a dose-dependent pattern, sperm motility, viability, and membrane integrity were improved compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, the extract increased the percentage of viable sperm cells and reduced the percentages of early apoptotic and apoptotic sperm cells as well as the damage in sperm ultra-structure. These activities are in agreement with the robust antioxidant properties in vitro and in the seminal fluid as observed in the total antioxidant capacity and the lipid peroxidation parameter malondialdehyde. LC-MS yielded 35 compounds. The extract was dominated by quercetin-O-galloyl-hexoside and quercetin-O-pentoside, along with other flavonoid glycosides. The polyphenols are probably responsible for the observed activities. In conclusion, the current findings show that A. harveyi leaves are rich in bioactive polyphenols with functional properties, validating its traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Sobeh
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Soha A Hassan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University, Cairo 12566, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Wael A Khalil
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | | | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Sabour M, Khoradmehr A, Kalantar SM, Danafar AH, Omidi M, Halvaei I, Nabi A, Ghasemi- Esmailabad S, Talebi AR. Administration of high dose of methamphetamine has detrimental effects on sperm parameters and DNA integrity in mice. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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23
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Eckersten D, Tsatsanis C, Giwercman A, Bruun L, Pihlsgård M, Christensson A. MicroRNA-155 and Anti-Müllerian Hormone: New Potential Markers of Subfertility in Men with Chronic Kidney Disease. NEPHRON EXTRA 2017; 7:33-41. [PMID: 28553316 PMCID: PMC5423313 DOI: 10.1159/000458711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aims Men with terminal renal failure are often infertile. Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), a marker of Sertoli cell function, is decreased among men with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, a microRNA, miR-155, has been shown to be a potential marker for subfertility. We studied miR-155 and semen parameters in patients with CKD who were not yet on dialysis. We also aimed to study possible associations between AMH, miR-155, and semen parameters to evaluate them as markers of fertility. Methods Thirty male patients with CKD 1–4 as well as 18 healthy controls were enrolled. Results Serum levels of miR-155 were significantly higher among men with CKD stages 1–2 (4.51 ± 3.81 [p = 0.01]) and stages 3–4 (2.75 ± 1.77 [p = 0.006]) than in controls (1.09 ± 0.44). Sperm concentration was significantly lower among men with CKD 3–4 (42 ± 29) ×106/mL compared to controls (88 ± 42) ×106/mL (p = 0.011). High levels of miR-155 were associated with a relatively low sperm concentration (p = 0.02) and with a low total sperm number (p = 0.005). Low AMH levels were associated with a decreased percentage of motile sperm cells (p = 0.02). Conclusions We conclude that men with stage 3–4 CKD had lower sperm concentrations than healthy fertile men and that increased serum miR-155 in men with stage 1–4 CKD was associated with semen parameters that indicate subfertility. Low AMH levels were associated with a low percentage of the total number of motile sperm cells. miR-155 and AMH may be potential markers of subfertility in men with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Eckersten
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Laila Bruun
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mats Pihlsgård
- Department of Geriatrics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anders Christensson
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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24
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Ajina T, Ammar O, Haouas Z, Sallem A, Ezzi L, Grissa I, Sakly W, Jlali A, Mehdi M. Assessment of human sperm DNA integrity using two cytochemical tests: Acridine orange test and toluidine blue assay. Andrologia 2017; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Ajina
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - O. Ammar
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - Z. Haouas
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - A. Sallem
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology; Fattouma Bourguiba University teaching hospital; Monastir Tunisia
| | - L. Ezzi
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - I. Grissa
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - W. Sakly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Parasitology-Medical and Molecular Mycology; Department of Clinical Biology B; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - A. Jlali
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - M. Mehdi
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Histology, Embryology and cytogenetics; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology; Fattouma Bourguiba University teaching hospital; Monastir Tunisia
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25
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Ngoula F, Guemdjo Tekam M, Kenfack A, Tadondjou Tchingo CD, Nouboudem S, Ngoumtsop H, Tsafack B, Teguia A, Kamtchouing P, Galeotti M, Tchoumboue J. Effects of heat stress on some reproductive parameters of male cavie (Cavia porcellus) and mitigation strategies using guava (Psidium guajava) leaves essential oil. J Therm Biol 2017; 64:67-72. [PMID: 28166947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Climate changes, particularly the increase of temperature are among the main causes behind the decline of fertility in humans as well as animals. In this study, the effects of heat stress on some reproductive parameters of male cavies and mitigation strategies using guava leaves essential oil (GLEO) were studied. For this purpose, 40 male cavies aged 2.5-3 months and weighing between 348 and 446g were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each and subjected to the following temperatures: Ambient temperature (20-25°C) for the control group, 35°C for group 1, 45°C for group 2 and 45°C+100µl GLEO/kg body weight, administered by gavage to animals for group 3. Exposure time of heat was 7h per day for 60 days. Results reveal that the relative weights of testes, epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicles were hardly affected by the temperature levels considered (P>0.05). The mass and individual sperm motility was significantly lower (P<0.05) in cavies exposed to the temperature of 35 and 45°C as compared with those which received GLEO and controls. The percentages of abnormal sperm and altered sperm DNA were higher in animals exposed to temperature of 35 and 45°C as compared with the controls. The activity of superoxide dismutase significantly increased (P<0.05) in animals exposed to temperature of 45°C and in those of 45°C and orally treated with GLEO, compared with cavies exposed to temperature of 45°C without receiving GLEO. The level of malondialdehyde was significantly increased (P<0.05) in animals exposed to temperature of 35 and 45°C, whereas the level of nitric oxide was significantly lower (P<0.05) in exposed animals as compared with controls. It was concluded that the exposure of male cavies at 35 and 45°C for 60 days induce heat stress that causes deterioration of sperm characteristics. These effects that can be mitigated by the administration of guava leaves essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Ngoula
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Maryvonne Guemdjo Tekam
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Augustave Kenfack
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Sandrine Nouboudem
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Herman Ngoumtsop
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Borice Tsafack
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Alexis Teguia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Kamtchouing
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I Cameroon
| | - Marco Galeotti
- Sezionedi Patologia Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Udine, Via Sondrio, 233100 Udine, Italy
| | - Joseph Tchoumboue
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
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26
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Bahmanzadeh M, Vahidinia A, Mehdinejadiani S, Shokri S, Alizadeh Z. Dietary supplementation with astaxanthin may ameliorate sperm parameters and DNA integrity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2016; 43:90-6. [PMID: 27358826 PMCID: PMC4925872 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2016.43.2.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to cause many systemic complications as well as male infertility. Astaxanthin (ASTX) is a powerful antioxidant that is involved in a variety of biologically active processes, including those with anti-diabetes effects. The present study investigates the effect of ASTX on the spermatozoa function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods We divided 30 adult rats into three groups (10 rats per group), with a control group that received corn oil mixed with chow. DM was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of STZ. Eight weeks after the STZ injection, half of the diabetic animals were used as diabetic controls, and the rest were treated with ASTX for 56 days. Then the parameters and chromatin integrity of the epididymal sperm were analyzed using chromomycin A3, toluidine blue (TB), and acridine orange (AO) staining. Results The count, viability, and motility of the epididymal sperm were decreased significantly in the STZ group in comparison with the control group (count and viability, p<0.001; motility, p<0.001;0.01). ASTX increased normal morphology and viable spermatozoa compared to the STZ group (morphology, p=0.001; viability, p<0.001;0.05). The percentage of abnormal chromatins in TB and AO staining was higher in the STZ group compared to the control group (p<0.001;0.001). The mean percentage of TB and AO positive spermatozoa in STZ rats was significantly lower in the STZ+ASTX group (TB, p=0.001; AO, p<0.001;0.05). Conclusion This study observed that in vivo ASTX treatment partially attenuates some detrimental effect of diabetes. Conversely, ASTX improved sperm viability, normal morphology, and DNA integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bahmanzadeh
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Vahidinia
- Nutrition Health research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Shokri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Alizadeh
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Sperm DNA damage-the effect of stress and everyday life factors. Int J Impot Res 2016; 28:148-54. [PMID: 27076112 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2016.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The clinical significance of sperm DNA damage lies in its association with natural conception rates and also might have a serious consequence on developmental outcome of the newborn. The aim of the present study is to determine whether stress and everyday life factors are associated with sperm DNA damage in adult men. The study population consisted of 286 men who attended the infertility clinic for diagnostic purposes and who had normal semen concentration of 20-300 m ml(-1) or with slight oligozoospermia (semen concentration of 15-20 m ml(-1)) (WHO, 1999). Participants were interviewed and provided a semen sample. The sperm chromatin structure assay was assessed using flow cytometry. In the present study, we found evidence for a relationship between sperm DNA damage parameters and everyday life factors. High and medium level of occupational stress and age increase DNA fragmentation index (P=0.03, P=0.004 and P=0.03, respectively). Other lifestyle factors that were positively associated with percentage of immature sperms (high DNA stainability index) included: obesity and cell phone use for more than 10 years (P=0.02 and P=0.04, respectively). Our findings indicate that stress and lifestyle factor may affect sperm DNA damage. Data from the present study showed a significant effect of age, obesity, mobile phone radiation and occupational stress on sperm DNA damage. As DNA fragmentation represents an extremely important parameter indicative of infertility and potential outcome of assisted reproduction treatment, and most of the lifestyle factors are easily modifiable, the information about factors that may affect DNA damage are important.
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Stahl PJ, Cogan C, Mehta A, Bolyakov A, Paduch DA, Goldstein M. Concordance among sperm deoxyribonucleic acid integrity assays and semen parameters. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:56-61.e1. [PMID: 25989978 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the concordance of sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) results, epifluorescence TUNEL assay results, and standard semen parameters. DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING Tertiary referral andrology clinic. PATIENT(S) A total of 212 men evaluated for subfertility by a single physician. INTERVENTION(S) Clinical history, physical examination, semen analysis, SCSA, and TUNEL assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (r) between SCSA DNA fragmentation index (DFI), percentage TUNEL-positive sperm, and semen analysis parameters. RESULT(S) There was a positive correlation between SCSA DFI and TUNEL (r = 0.31), but the strength of this correlation was weaker than has previously been reported. The discordance rate between SCSA and TUNEL in classifying patients as normal or abnormal was 86 of 212 (40.6%). The SCSA DFI was moderately negatively correlated with sperm concentration and motility. The TUNEL results were unrelated to standard semen parameters. CONCLUSION(S) The SCSA DFI and percentage TUNEL-positive sperm are moderately correlated measures of sperm DNA integrity but yield different results in a large percentage of patients. The DFI is well-correlated with semen analysis parameters, whereas TUNEL is not. These data indicate that the SCSA and TUNEL assay measure different aspects of sperm DNA integrity and should not be used interchangeably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Stahl
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
| | - Chava Cogan
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Akanksha Mehta
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alex Bolyakov
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Darius A Paduch
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Marc Goldstein
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Telli O, Sarici H, Kabar M, Ozgur BC, Resorlu B, Bozkurt S. Does varicocelectomy affect DNA fragmentation in infertile patients? Indian J Urol 2015; 31:116-9. [PMID: 25878412 PMCID: PMC4397547 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.152811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of varicocelectomy on DNA fragmentation index and semen parameters in infertile patients before and after surgical repair of varicocele. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 72 men with at least 1-year history of infertility, varicocele and oligospermia were examined. Varicocele sperm samples were classified as normal or pathological according to the 2010 World Health Organization guidelines. The acridine orange test was used to assess the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: DFI decreased significantly after varicocelectomy from 34.5% to 28.2% (P = 0.024). In addition all sperm parameters such as mean sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility and sperm morphology significantly increased from 19.5 × 106 to 30.7 × 106, 5.4 × 106/ml to 14.3 × 106/ml, and 19.9% to 31.2% (P < 0.001) and 2.6% to 3.1% (P = 0.017). The study was limited by the loss to follow-up of some patients and unrecorded pregnancy outcome due to short follow-up. Conclusion: Varicocele causes DNA-damage in spermatozoa. We suggest that varicocelectomy improves sperm parameters and decreases DFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Telli
- Department of Urology, Ankara University, School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hasmet Sarici
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mucahit Kabar
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Berat Cem Ozgur
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Berkan Resorlu
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Urology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Selen Bozkurt
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Wright C, Milne S, Leeson H. Sperm DNA damage caused by oxidative stress: modifiable clinical, lifestyle and nutritional factors in male infertility. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 28:684-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Anifandis G, Bounartzi T, Messini CI, Dafopoulos K, Markandona R, Sotiriou S, Tzavella A, Messinis IE. Sperm DNA fragmentation measured by Halosperm does not impact on embryo quality and ongoing pregnancy rates in IVF/ICSI treatments. Andrologia 2014; 47:295-302. [PMID: 24621442 DOI: 10.1111/and.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has been proposed to be one of the main markers regarding male infertility. A prospective study was performed to assess primarily whether sperm DNA damage has any impact on embryological data and secondarily on pregnancy rates. This prospective study evaluated the sperm DNA damage in fresh ejaculated sperm samples from couples undergoing IVF/ICSI treatments, using the improved SCD method, known as Halosperm(®) . The results were evaluated by performing statistical analysis with the statistical package of SPSS v17. A total of 156 fresh semen samples derived from 156 couples undergoing 156 IVF/ICSI cycles. From the 156 couples, 139 finally reached the embryo transfer (ET) procedure. Overall, SDF did not correlate with embryological data, while ongoing pregnancy rate/ET was 21.6%. SDF only correlated with sperm characteristics. After the categorisation of SDF (≤35% and >35%), according to the specific references of the method used, embryological data were comparable as also ongoing pregnancy rates. Using the SCD method, sperm DNA damage is associated neither with embryological data nor to pregnancy rates. However, we should not rule out the fact that extremely high DNA damages are associated with total pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anifandis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessalia, Larissa, Greece
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Simon L, Liu L, Murphy K, Ge S, Hotaling J, Aston KI, Emery B, Carrell DT. Comparative analysis of three sperm DNA damage assays and sperm nuclear protein content in couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:904-17. [PMID: 24619433 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between sperm DNA damage, measured by three different assays, sperm nuclear protein content and clinical outcomes in assisted reproduction treatment (ART)? SUMMARY ANSWER Sperm DNA damage measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) and the Comet assay were significantly associated with ART outcomes in our single institution study. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Abnormal protamine expression is known to be associated with sperm DNA damage and male infertility. A number of studies have shown a significant relationship between sperm DNA damage and ART outcomes. To date, there are no large studies providing direct comparisons of DNA damage tests within the same study population. Thus, the prognostic value for each method remains unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Cross-sectional study of 238 men from infertile couples undergoing ART at the University Center for Reproductive Medicine, Utah, USA, between April 2011 and March 2013. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Sperm from men undergoing ART were tested for DNA damage using the alkaline Comet assay, TUNEL and flow cytometric chromatin evaluation (FCCE) assays. Histone retention was analysed using the aniline blue staining method, whereas protamine content (proteins P1 and P2) and ratio were analysed using acid urea gel electrophoresis. The prognostic value of each sperm DNA test to predict clinical pregnancy was calculated. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Histone retention was associated with sperm DNA damage (P < 0.001), reduced embryo quality (P = 0.005) and clinical pregnancies (P < 0.001). The mean percentage of sperm with DNA damage was significantly higher in sperm from non-pregnant couples compared with that from pregnant couples, as measured by TUNEL assay (15.04 ± 1.16% versus 8.79 ± 0.56%; P < 0.001) and alkaline Comet assay (72.79 ± 2.49% versus 55.86 ± 2.29%; P < 0.001). There was no association between clinical pregnancies and DNA fragmentation index measured by FCCE (12.97 ± 1.46 versus 14.93 ± 1.65; P = 0.379). Of the protamine parameters analysed, only the P1/P2 ratio was associated with sperm count (P = 0.013), men's age (P = 0.037), maturity (P = 0.049) and blastocyst quality (P = 0.012). Histone retention and sperm DNA damage measured by Comet and TUNEL assays were associated with fertilization rate (P < 0.05), embryo quality (P < 0.05) and implantation rate (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A potential drawback of this study is that it is cross-sectional. Generally in such studies there is more than one variable that could cause the effect. Analysing sperm is one part of the equation; there are also a number of female factors that have the potential to influence ART outcomes. Therefore, given the large and well-established role of female factors in infertility, normal sperm DNA integrity and protamination do not necessarily ensure clinical pregnancy in ART. Thus, female factors can reduce the prognostic value of sperm DNA tests. Further, our use of native semen instead of prepared sperm may have iatrogenically increased the DNA damage. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Alteration in sperm nuclear protein affects sperm DNA integrity. Further, with the current dataset, TUNEL and Comet assays appeared more predictive of ART success than FCCE. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No personal or direct financial support has been received for any of this work. The authors declare no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Simon
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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O'Flaherty C. Iatrogenic genetic damage of spermatozoa. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 791:117-35. [PMID: 23955676 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7783-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Various factors that negatively influence male fertility can affect sperm morphology and physiology. Many studies on humans and animals suggest that both radiation and chemotherapy alter the sperm chromatin, inducing significant damage to sperm DNA, and decrease the level of protamination, thereby altering DNA compaction. Spermatozoa from cancer survivors are affected by chemotherapy even years after the end of treatment. We are exposed to various toxicants present in the environment (e.g., products of air pollution, pesticides, and plasticizers) whose impact on human male reproduction has not yet been established.This chapter aims to update our knowledge on how the sperm chromatin structure is modified by external agents and to describe the different strategies available to better study this complex structure in infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian O'Flaherty
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University and the Research Institute- McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, room H6.46, 687 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A1, Canada,
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Ribas-Maynou J, García-Peiró A, Fernández-Encinas A, Abad C, Amengual MJ, Prada E, Navarro J, Benet J. Comprehensive analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation by five different assays: TUNEL assay, SCSA, SCD test and alkaline and neutral Comet assay. Andrology 2013; 1:715-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ribas-Maynou
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra; Spain
| | | | - A. Fernández-Encinas
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra; Spain
| | - C. Abad
- Servei d'Urologia; Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí; Sabadell, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - UAB; Sabadell; Spain
| | - M. J. Amengual
- UDIAT; Centre Diagnòstic, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí; Sabadell; Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - UAB; Sabadell; Spain
| | - E. Prada
- Servei de Ginecologia; Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa; Terrassa; Spain
| | - J. Navarro
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra; Spain
| | - J. Benet
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra; Spain
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Kim HS, Kang MJ, Kim SA, Oh SK, Kim H, Ku SY, Kim SH, Moon SY, Choi YM. The utility of sperm DNA damage assay using toluidine blue and aniline blue staining in routine semen analysis. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2013; 40:23-8. [PMID: 23614112 PMCID: PMC3630289 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2013.40.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship among male age, strict morphology, and sperm chromatin structure and condensation. METHODS Sperm samples from a total of 100 men underwent semen analysis, and sperm chromatin structure and condensation were assessed with toluidine blue (TB) and aniline blue (AB) tests. RESULTS Prevalence of strict morphology of less than 4%, and abnormal sperm chromatin structure and condensation did not show any statistically significant differences according to male age (p=0.605, p=0.235, and p=0.080). No significant correlation was demonstrated among age of male partners, strict morphology, and abnormal sperm chromatin structure using TB and AB tests. However, abnormal sperm chromatin condensation was positively associated with sperm chromatin structure (r=0.594, p=0.000) and showed negative correlation with strict morphology (r=-0.219, p=0.029). CONCLUSION The tests for sperm chromatin condensation showed a significant association with strict morphology. Further study is needed to elucidate the relationship between clinical outcome and sperm chromatin tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sun Kim
- IVF Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Joo Kang
- IVF Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ah Kim
- IVF Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Oh
- IVF Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yup Ku
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Yong Moon
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Choi
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Carretero M, Lombardo D, Arraztoa C, Giuliano S, Gambarotta M, Neild D. Evaluation of DNA fragmentation in llama (Lama glama) sperm using the sperm chromatin dispersion test. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 131:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Talebi AR, Vahidi S, Aflatoonian A, Ghasemi N, Ghasemzadeh J, Firoozabadi RD, Moein MR. Cytochemical evaluation of sperm chromatin and DNA integrity in couples with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:462-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Mitchell LA, De Iuliis GN, Aitken RJ. The TUNEL assay consistently underestimates DNA damage in human spermatozoa and is influenced by DNA compaction and cell vitality: development of an improved methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:2-13. [PMID: 20158539 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay as a method for assessing DNA damage in human spermatozoa. The conventional assay was shown to be insensitive and unresponsive to the DNA fragmentation induced in human and mouse spermatozoa on exposure to Fenton reagents (H₂O₂ and Fe(2+) ). However, both time- and dose-dependent responses could be readily detected if the chromatin was exposed to 2 mm dithiothreitol (DTT) for 45 min prior to fixation. This modified version of the assay significantly enhanced the TUNEL signals generated by subpopulations of spermatozoa isolated on discontinuous Percoll gradients as well as the responses triggered by reagents (arachidonic acid and menadione) that are known to stimulate superoxide anion production by human spermatozoa. DTT exposure also improved the signals detected with chromomycin A₃ (CMA₃), a probe designed to determine the efficacy of chromatin protamination, and enhanced the correlation observed between this criterion of sperm quality and the TUNEL assay. Finally, the output of the TUNEL assay was found to be highly correlated with sperm vitality. The TUNEL methodology was therefore further refined to incorporate a vital stain that covalently bound to intracellular amine groups in non-viable cells. This tag remained associated with the spermatozoa during fixation and processing for the TUNEL assay so that ultimately, both DNA integrity and vitality could be simultaneously assessed in the same flow cytometry assay. The methods described in this article are simple and robust and should facilitate research into the causes of DNA damage in human spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Mitchell
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development, Reproductive Science Group, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Carretero MI, Giuliano SM, Casaretto CI, Gambarotta MC, Neild DM. Evaluation of the effect of cooling and of the addition of collagenase on llama sperm DNA using toluidine blue. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:239-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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García-Peiró A, Oliver-Bonet M, Navarro J, Abad C, Guitart M, Amengual MJ, Gosálvez J, Benet J. Dynamics of sperm DNA fragmentation in patients carrying structurally rearranged chromosomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:e546-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Watanabe S, Tanaka A, Fujii S, Mizunuma H, Fukui A, Fukuhara R, Nakamura R, Yamada K, Tanaka I, Awata S, Nagayoshi M. An investigation of the potential effect of vacuoles in human sperm on DNA damage using a chromosome assay and the TUNEL assay. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:978-86. [PMID: 21362682 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to establish whether individual differences exist in the frequency and size of vacuoles found in human sperm and to ascertain whether such vacuoles are involved in causing DNA damage. METHODS Morphologically normal sperm were obtained from 15 IVF and 2 ICSI patients and 3 fertile donors. (i) Sperm heads were analyzed for the presence of vacuoles under a 1000× differential interference contrast microscope. (ii) In three patients and two donor samples, structural chromosomal damage was evaluated in normal sperm containing large vacuoles and selected at 1000× magnification for injection into mouse oocytes. (iii) In 10 patients and two donor samples, confocal laser microscopy detected DNA damage in sperm-exhibiting large vacuoles and stained with an in situ cell death detection kit. RESULTS (i) Vacuoles were observed in almost all normal sperm from patient and donor ejaculates and were mainly located at the tip or middle area of the sperm heads. However, average incidence of normal sperm exhibiting large vacuoles was 4.6 and 4.2% in the patient and donor groups, respectively. (ii) Sperm chromosome assays did not reveal any differences in the incidence of structural chromosome aberrations between sperm exhibiting large vacuoles and those without them (9.1 versus 4.1%). (iii) No significant difference in frequency of TUNEL-positive cells was found between normal sperm with large vacuoles and those without them in the samples examined. Among 227 sperm exhibiting large vacuoles, only 7 cells were TUNEL positive. CONCLUSION The results showed that large vacuoles were not responsible for DNA damage, suggesting that intra-cytoplasmic injection of morphologically selected sperm may not be required for patients who produce high-quality semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Anatomical Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
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Sato S, Matsumoto S, Freivalds T, Erenpreisa J. Consideration on the Metachromatic Spectra of Toluidine Blue Dimers Formed on DNA Oligomers. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Henkel R, Hoogendijk CF, Bouic PJD, Kruger TF. TUNEL assay and SCSA determine different aspects of sperm DNA damage. Andrologia 2010; 42:305-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.01002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Romerius P, Ståhl O, Moëll C, Relander T, Cavallin-Ståhl E, Gustafsson H, Löfvander Thapper K, Jepson K, Spanò M, Wiebe T, Lundberg Giwercman Y, Giwercman A. Sperm DNA integrity in men treated for childhood cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3843-50. [PMID: 20519359 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is not known whether childhood cancer and its treatment are associated with sperm DNA damage, which subsequently affects fertility and might be transmitted to the offspring. The aim of this study is to assess DNA fragmentation index (DFI) as an indicator of sperm DNA integrity in childhood cancer survivors (CCS), with treatment regimen taken into account. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In 99 CCS and 193 age-matched healthy controls, DFI was assessed by using sperm chromatin structure assay. RESULTS In the whole group of CCS, DFI was increased compared with the controls, with borderline statistical significance [mean difference, 1.8%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), -0.0088%-3.7%]. Those treated with radiotherapy only (mean difference, 6.0%; 95% CI, 1.6-10%) or surgery only (mean difference, 2.9%; 95% CI, 0.083-5.8%) had statistically significantly higher DFI than the controls. The odds ratio (OR) for having DFI >20%, which is associated with reduced fertility, was significantly increased in CCS compared with the control group (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.4). For the radiotherapy-only group, the OR was even higher (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.3-18). DFI was not associated with dose of scattered testicular irradiation or type of chemotherapy given. CONCLUSIONS DFI was increased in CCS, with those treated with chemotherapy being the only exception. This sperm DNA impairment may be associated with the disease per se rather than due to the treatment, and may have negative consequences in terms of fertility and risk of transmission to the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Romerius
- Department of Pediatrics, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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The effect of semen processing on sperm DNA integrity: comparison of two techniques using the novel Toluidine Blue Assay. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010; 151:176-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Zhang LH, Qiu Y, Wang KH, Wang Q, Tao G, Wang LG. Measurement of sperm DNA fragmentation using bright-field microscopy: comparison between sperm chromatin dispersion test and terminal uridine nick-end labeling assay. Fertil Steril 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.04.034 doi:dx.doi.org] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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47
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Measurement of sperm DNA fragmentation using bright-field microscopy: comparison between sperm chromatin dispersion test and terminal uridine nick-end labeling assay. Fertil Steril 2010; 94:1027-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2009] [Revised: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Ortega López L, Vila EO, Domínguez PL, Segovia AG, Gómez IO, Calonge RN, Peregrín PC. Comparación entre el test de fragmentación de ADN espermático mediante la técnica de SCD y el índice de vitalidad medida con el test de naranja de acridina. Rev Int Androl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1698-031x(10)70022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Giwercman A, Lindstedt L, Larsson M, Bungum M, Spano M, Levine RJ, Rylander L. Sperm chromatin structure assay as an independent predictor of fertility in vivo: a case-control study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 2010; 33:e221-7. [PMID: 19840147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.00995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Standard sperm parameters have a limited power for prediction of the chance of natural conception. Recent studies have indicated that the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) DNA fragmentation index (DFI), a measure for the fraction of sperms with DNA damage, is associated with fertility in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of this parameter for prediction of infertility. One hundred and twenty-seven men from infertile couples with no known female factor and 137 men with proven fertility were included. Semen analysis was performed as recommended by the WHO. DFI was assessed using SCSA. Logistic binary regression was used to compute the odds ratios (OR) for infertility. As compared with men with a DFI <10%, men with a DFI between 10% and 20% had an increased risk for infertility (OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.0-6.1). This was also true for men with a DFI >20% (OR 8.4; 95% CI: 3.0-23). In men with normal standard semen parameters (sperm concentration, motility and morphology) the OR for infertility was increased with DFI >20% (OR 5.1, 95% CI: 1.2-23), whereas if one of the standard semen parameters was abnormal, the OR for infertility was increased already at DFI above 10% (OR 16, 95% CI: 4.2-60). We conclude that SCSA DFI adds to the value of semen analysis in prediction of the chance of natural conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Giwercman
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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50
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Yeung CH, Cooper TG. Sperm Quality and Function Tests. Andrology 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-78355-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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