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Albujja MH, Al-Ghedan M, Dakshnamoorthy L, Pla Victori J. Preimplantation genetic testing for embryos predisposed to hereditary cancer: Possibilities and challenges. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2024; 2:1-14. [PMID: 38328708 PMCID: PMC10846329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), which was developed as an alternative to prenatal genetic testing, allows couples to avoid pregnancies with abnormal chromosomes and the subsequent termination of the affected fetus. Originally used for early onset monogenic conditions, PGT is now used to prevent various types of inherited cancer conditions based on the development of PGT technology, assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), and in vitro fertilization (IVF). This review provides insights into the potential benefits and challenges associated with the application of PGT for hereditary cancer and provides an overview of the existing literature on this test, with a particular focus on the current challenges related to laws, ethics, counseling, and technology. Additionally, this review predicts the future potential applications of this method. Although PGT may be utilized to predict and prevent hereditary cancer, each case should be comprehensively evaluated. The motives of couples must be assessed to prevent the misuse of this technique for eugenic purposes, and non-pathogenic phenotypes must be carefully evaluated. Pathological cases that require this technology should also be carefully considered based on legal and ethical reasoning. PGT may be the preferred treatment for hereditary cancer cases; however, such cases require careful case-by-case evaluations. Therefore, this study concludes that multidisciplinary counseling and support for patients and their families are essential to ensure that PGT is a viable option that meets all legal and ethical concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Albujja
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Al-Ghedan
- Genetics Laboratory, Thuriah Medical Center, Riyadh 11523, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Josep Pla Victori
- Department of Genetic Counselling, VI-RMA Global, Valencia 46004, Spain
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Spinella F, Bronet F, Carvalho F, Coonen E, De Rycke M, Rubio C, Goossens V, Van Montfoort A. ESHRE PGT Consortium data collection XXI: PGT analyses in 2018. Hum Reprod Open 2023; 2023:hoad010. [PMID: 37091225 PMCID: PMC10121336 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the trends and developments in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in 2018 as compared to previous years? SUMMARY ANSWER The main trends observed in this 21st dataset on PGT are that the implementation of trophectoderm biopsy with comprehensive whole-genome testing is most often applied for PGT-A and concurrent PGT-M/SR/A, while for PGT-M and PGT-SR, single-cell testing with PCR and FISH still prevail. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since it was established in 1997, the ESHRE PGT Consortium has been collecting and analysing data from mainly European PGT centres. To date, 20 datasets and an overview of the first 10 years of data collections have been published. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION The data for PGT analyses performed between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018 with a 2-year follow-up after analysis were provided by participating centres on a voluntary basis. Data were collected using an online platform, which is based on genetic analysis and has been in use since 2016. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Data on biopsy method, diagnostic technology, and clinical outcome were submitted by 44 centres. Records with analyses for more than one PGT for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) and/or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-SR), or with inconsistent data regarding the PGT modality, were excluded. All transfers performed within 2 years after the analysis were included, enabling the calculation of cumulative pregnancy rates. Data analysis, calculations, and preparation of figures and tables were carried out by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The current data collection from 2018 covers a total of 1388 analyses for PGT-M, 462 analyses for PGT-SR, 3003 analyses for PGT for aneuploidies (PGT-A), and 338 analyses for concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A.The application of blastocyst biopsy is gradually rising for PGT-M (from 19% in 2016-2017 to 33% in 2018), is status quo for PGT-SR (from 30% in 2016-2017 to 33% in 2018) and has become the most used biopsy stage for PGT-A (from 87% in 2016-2017 to 98% in 2018) and for concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A (96%). The use of comprehensive, whole-genome amplification (WGA)-based diagnostic technology showed a small decrease for PGT-M (from 15% in 2016-2017 to 12% in 2018) and for PGT-SR (from 50% in 2016-2017 to 44% in 2018). Comprehensive testing was, however, the main technology for PGT-A (from 93% in 2016-2017 to 98% in 2018). WGA-based testing was also widely used for concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A, as a standalone technique (74%) or in combination with PCR or FISH (24%). Trophectoderm biopsy and comprehensive testing strategies are linked with higher diagnostic efficiencies and improved clinical outcomes per embryo transfer. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings apply to the data submitted by 44 participating centres and do not represent worldwide trends in PGT. Details on the health of babies born were not provided in this manuscript. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The Consortium datasets provide a valuable resource for following trends in PGT practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The study has no external funding, and all costs are covered by ESHRE. There are no competing interests declared. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Spinella
- Correspondence address. Eurofins GENOMA Group srl, Via Castel Giubileo 11, Rome, Italy. E-mail:
| | - F Bronet
- IVIRMA—IVI Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Carvalho
- Genetics—Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3s—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - E Coonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M De Rycke
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Rubio
- PGT-A Research, Igenomix, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | - A Van Montfoort
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Huang C, Shen X, Mei J, Sun Y, Sun H, Xing J. Effect of recombinant LH supplementation timing on clinical pregnancy outcome in long-acting GnRHa downregulated cycles. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:632. [PMID: 35945551 PMCID: PMC9364622 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Timely and moderate luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation plays positive roles in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) cycles with long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pituitary downregulation. However, the appropriate timing of LH supplementation remains unclear. Methods We carried out a retrospective cohort study of 2226 cycles at our reproductive medicine centre from 2018 to 2020. We mainly conducted smooth curve fitting to analyse the relationship between the dominant follicle diameter when recombinant LH (rLH) was added and the clinical pregnancy outcomes (clinical pregnancy rate or early miscarriage rate). In addition, total cycles were divided into groups according to different LH levels after GnRHa and dominant follicle diameters for further analysis. Results Smooth curve fitting showed that with the increase in the dominant follicle diameter when rLH was added, the clinical pregnancy rate gradually increased, and the early miscarriage rate gradually decreased. Conclusions In long-acting GnRHa downregulated IVF/ICSI-ET cycles, the appropriate timing of rLH supplementation has a beneficial impact on the clinical pregnancy outcome. Delaying rLH addition is conducive to the clinical pregnancy rate and reduces the risk of early miscarriage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04963-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyue Shen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yanxin Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Jun Xing
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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van Montfoort A, Carvalho F, Coonen E, Kokkali G, Moutou C, Rubio C, Goossens V, De Rycke M. ESHRE PGT Consortium data collection XIX-XX: PGT analyses from 2016 to 2017 †. Hum Reprod Open 2021; 2021:hoab024. [PMID: 34322603 PMCID: PMC8313404 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the trends and developments in pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) in 2016–2017 as compared to previous years? SUMMARY ANSWER The main trends observed in this 19th and 20th data set on PGT are that trophectoderm biopsy has become the main biopsy stage for PGT for aneuploidies (PGT-A) and that the implementation of comprehensive testing technologies is the most advanced with PGT-A. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since it was established in 1997, the ESHRE PGT Consortium has been collecting and analysing data from mainly European PGT centres. To date, 18 data sets and an overview of the first 10 years of data collections have been published. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The data for PGT analyses performed between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 with a 2-year follow-up after analysis were provided by participating centres on a voluntary basis. Data were collected using a new online platform, which is based on genetic analysis as opposed to the former cycle-based format. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data on biopsy method, diagnostic technology and clinical outcome were submitted by 61 centres. Records with analyses for more than one PGT for monogenic/single gene defects (PGT-M) and/or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-SR) indication or with inconsistent data regarding the PGT modality were excluded. All transfers performed within 2 years after the analysis were included enabling the calculation of cumulative pregnancy rates. Data analysis, calculations, figures and tables were made by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The current data collection from 2016 to 2017 covers a total of 3098 analyses for PGT-M, 1018 analyses for PGT-SR, 4033 analyses for PGT-A and 654 analyses for concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A. The application of blastocyst biopsy is gradually rising for PGT-M (from 8–12% in 2013–2015 to 19% in 2016–2017), is status quo for PGT-R (from 22–36% in 2013–2015 to 30% in 2016–2017) and has become the preferential biopsy stage for PGT-A (from 23–36% in 2013–2015 to 87% in 2016–2017). For concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A, biopsy was primarily performed at the blastocyst stage (93%). The use of comprehensive diagnostic technology showed a similar trend with a small increased use for PGT-M (from 9–12% in 2013–2015 to 15% in 2016–2017) and a status quo for PGT-SR (from 36–58% in 2013–2015 to 50% in 2016–2017). Comprehensive testing was the main technology for PGT-A (from 66–75% in 2013–2015 to 93% in 2016–2017) and for concurrent PGT-M/SR with PGT-A (93%). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings apply to the data submitted by 61 participating centres and do not represent worldwide trends in PGT. Details on the health of babies born were not provided in this manuscript. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Being the largest data collection on PGT in Europe/worldwide, the data sets provide a valuable resource for following trends in PGT practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study has no external funding and all costs are covered by ESHRE. There are no competing interests declared. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van Montfoort
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F Carvalho
- Genetics-Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - E Coonen
- Departments of Clinical Genetics and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Kokkali
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Genesis Athens Clinic, Chalandri, Athens, Greece
| | - C Moutou
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic préimplantatoire, Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, CMCO, Schiltigheim, France
| | - C Rubio
- PGT-A Research, Igenomix, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Grimbergen, Belgium
| | - M De Rycke
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Coonen E, van Montfoort A, Carvalho F, Kokkali G, Moutou C, Rubio C, De Rycke M, Goossens V. ESHRE PGT Consortium data collection XVI-XVIII: cycles from 2013 to 2015. Hum Reprod Open 2020; 2020:hoaa043. [PMID: 33033756 PMCID: PMC7532546 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the trends and developments in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in 2013–2015 as compared to previous years? SUMMARY ANSWER The main trends observed in the retrospective data collections 2013–2015, representing valuable data on PGT activity in (mainly) Europe, are the increased application of trophectoderm biopsy at the cost of cleavage stage biopsy and the continuing expansion of comprehensive testing technology in PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangements and for aneuploidies (PGT-SR and PGT-A). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since it was established in 1997, the ESHRE PGT Consortium has been collecting data from international PGT centres. To date, 15 data sets and an overview of the first 10 years of data collections have been published. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Collection of (mainly) European data by the PGT Consortium for ESHRE. The data for PGT cycles performed between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 were provided by participating centres on a voluntary basis. For the collection of cycle, pregnancy and baby data, separate, pre-designed MS Excel tables were used. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data were submitted by 59, 60 and 59 centres respectively for 2013, 2014 and 2015 (full PGT Consortium members). Records with incomplete or inconsistent data were excluded from the calculations. Corrections, calculations, figures and tables were made by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE For data collection XVI/XVII/XVIII, 59/60/59 centres reported data on 8164/9769/11 120 cycles with oocyte retrieval: 5020/6278/7155 cycles for PGT-A, 2026/2243/2661 cycles for PGT for monogenic/single gene defects, 1039/1189/1231 cycles for PGT-SR and 79/59/73 cycles for sexing for X-linked diseases. From 2013 until 2015, the uptake of biopsy at the blastocyst stage was mainly observed in cycles for PGT-A (from 23% to 36%) and PGT-SR (from 22% to 36%), alongside the increased application of comprehensive testing technology (from 66% to 75% in PGT-A and from 36% to 58% in PGT-SR). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings apply to the 59/60/59 participating centres and may not represent worldwide trends in PGT. Data were collected retrospectively and no details of the follow-up on PGT pregnancies and babies born were provided. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Being the largest data collection on PGT worldwide, detailed information about ongoing developments in the field is provided. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study has no external funding and all costs are covered by ESHRE. There are no competing interests declared. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Coonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A van Montfoort
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F Carvalho
- Genetics-Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3s-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Kokkali
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Genesis Athens Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - C Moutou
- Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Diagnostic préimplantatoire, CMCO, Schiltigheim, France
| | - C Rubio
- PGT-A Research, Igenomix, Valencia, Spain
| | - M De Rycke
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Grimbergen, Belgium
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Cahn S, Rosen A, Wilmot G. Spinocerebellar Ataxia Patient Perceptions Regarding Reproductive Options. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 7:37-44. [PMID: 31970210 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing is a growing reproductive option for people who want to avoid passing a single-gene condition on to their offspring. The spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of rare, autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorders which are strong candidates for the use of this technology. Objectives This study aimed to assess knowledge of genetic risk and perceptions of reproductive options in individuals with a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia. Methods We administered an online survey to U.S. residents of reproductive age who have been clinically or genetically diagnosed with spinocerebellar ataxia. We assessed their understanding of inheritance and their reproductive opinions. Results Of 94 participants, 70.2% answered all four inheritance questions correctly. The majority felt they could describe each reproductive option except prenatal diagnosis. Individuals were most interested in in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing: 48.4% (45 of 93) said they would consider it. They were least interested in prenatal diagnosis and donated embryos or gametes. Having spinocerebellar ataxia with anticipation and choosing inheritance risk as an important factor were both significantly associated with interest in preimplantation genetic testing. Choosing religion/morality as an important factor was associated with less interest in preimplantation genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis. Conclusions Our population displayed basic knowledge of inheritance risk, and the majority wanted to avoid having affected children. Consistent with literature for other autosomal-dominant adult-onset conditions, individuals showed a preference for preimplantation genetic testing. Health care providers should continue to educate patients about reproductive options and their risks and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Cahn
- Cancer Genetics Program, Northside Hospital Cancer Institute Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Ami Rosen
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA.,Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - George Wilmot
- Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA
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Simpson JL, Kuliev A, Rechitsky S. Overview of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD): Historical Perspective and Future Direction. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1885:23-43. [PMID: 30506188 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8889-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) can be considered the earliest form of prenatal testing. It was first used in humans over 26 years ago. At its inception, PGD could only be performed for a limited number of genetic disorders. Technological advances in molecular biology and cytogenomics have been utilized in the field of PGD to greatly expand the spectrum of genetic disorders that can now be detected in early human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Leigh Simpson
- March of Dimes Foundation, White Plains, NY, USA. .,Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. .,Reproductive Genetics Institute, Inc. (RGI), Northbrook, IL, USA.
| | - Anver Kuliev
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,Reproductive Genetics Institute, Inc. (RGI), Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Svetlana Rechitsky
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,Reproductive Genetics Institute, Inc. (RGI), Northbrook, IL, USA
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De Rycke M, Goossens V, Kokkali G, Meijer-Hoogeveen M, Coonen E, Moutou C. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection XIV-XV: cycles from January 2011 to December 2012 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2013. Hum Reprod 2018; 32:1974-1994. [PMID: 29117384 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does the data collection XIV-XV of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) PGD Consortium compare with the cumulative data for data collections I-XIII? SUMMARY ANSWER The 14th and 15th retrospective collection represents valuable data on PGD/PGS cycles, pregnancies and children: the main trend observed is the increased application of array technology at the cost of FISH testing in PGS cycles and in PGD cycles for chromosomal abnormalities. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since 1999, the PGD Consortium has collected, analysed and published 13 previous data sets and an overview of the first 10 years of data collections. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Data were collected from each participating centre using a FileMaker Pro database (versions 5-12). Separate predesigned FileMaker Pro files were used for the cycles, pregnancies and baby records. The study documented cycles performed during the calendar years 2011 and 2012 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born which resulted from these cycles (until October 2013). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHOD Data were submitted by 71 centres (full PGD Consortium members). Records with incomplete or inconsistent data were excluded from the calculations. Corrections, calculations and tables were made by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE For data collection XIV-XV, 71 centres reported data for 11 637 cycles with oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 2147 pregnancies and 1755 babies born. A total of 1953 cycles to OR were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 144 cycles to OR for sexing for X-linked diseases, 3445 cycles to OR for monogenic diseases, 6095 cycles to OR for PGS and 38 cycles to OR for social sexing. From 2010 until 2012, the use of arrays for genetic testing increased from 4% to 20% in PGS and from 6% to 13% in PGD cycles for chromosomal abnormalities; the uptake of biopsy at the blastocyst stage (from <1% up to 7%) was only observed in cycles for structural chromosomal abnormalities, alongside the application of array comparative genomic hybridization. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings apply to the 71 participating centres and may not represent worldwide trends in PGD. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The annual data collections provide an important resource for data mining and for following trends in PGD/PGS practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M De Rycke
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101,1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, 1852 Grimbergen, Belgium
| | - G Kokkali
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16 Papanicoli street, Chalandri, Athens, Greece
| | - M Meijer-Hoogeveen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Coonen
- PGD Working Group Maastricht, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Moutou
- Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Diagnostic préimplantatoire, CMCO, 19, Rue Louis Pasteur, BP120, 67303 Schiltigheim, France
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Özerdoğan N, Yilmaz B. Turkish University seniors' knowledge of and opinions on fertility and expectations of having children. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:172-179. [PMID: 29977271 PMCID: PMC6016992 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years the trend of postponement of child bearing has been increasing. Aim To assess knowledge on fertility and expectations of having children in seniors at a Turkish University. Methods The cross-sectional study sample (n=485) comprised senior students of the University in the branches of medicine, social sciences, and life sciences. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire in 2015. Results The mean age of the students was 23.03±1.93 and 98.1% were unmarried. 88.45% of these students wanted to have children in the future. A higher percentage of females planned parenthood in the future than males. Males desired more children than females. Most students wanted to have their first child at age 25–29. Males wanted to have their first and last child later than did females. In case of infertility, 74.4% of females and 54.2% of males stated that they can benefit from assisted reproduction techniques. Students overestimated the success rate of assisted reproduction techniques. The percentage of students who were aware of the age at which fertility begins to decline was low. Conclusion The expectations of seniors at a Turkish university to have children in the future are high, with insufficient knowledge on fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebahat Özerdoğan
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Yilmaz
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis was first successfully performed in 1989 as an alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples at risk of transmitting a genetic or chromosomal abnormality, such as cystic fibrosis, to their child. From embryos generated in vitro, biopsied cells are genetically tested. From the mid-1990s, this technology has been employed as an embryo selection tool for patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation, screening as many chromosomes as possible, in the hope that selecting chromosomally normal embryos will lead to higher implantation and decreased miscarriage rates. This procedure, preimplantation genetic screening, was initially performed using fluorescent in situ hybridisation, but 11 randomised controlled trials of screening using this technique showed no improvement in in vitro fertilisation delivery rates. Progress in genetic testing has led to the introduction of array comparative genomic hybridisation, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and next generation sequencing for preimplantation genetic screening, and three small randomised controlled trials of preimplantation genetic screening using these new techniques indicate a modest benefit. Other trials are still in progress but, regardless of their results, preimplantation genetic screening is now being offered globally. In the near future, it is likely that sequencing will be used to screen the full genetic code of the embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce C Harper
- Joyce Harper, Embryology, IVF and Reproductive Genetics Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
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11
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Ravichandran K, Guzman L, Escudero T, Zheng X, Colls P, Jordan A, Cohen J, Wells D, Munné S. Causes and estimated incidences of sex-chromosome misdiagnosis in preimplantation genetic diagnosis of aneuploidy. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:550-559. [PMID: 27720366 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis of aneuploidy (PGD-A) with comprehensive chromosome analysis has been known to improve pregnancy outcomes. Accuracy in detecting sex chromosomes becomes important when selecting against embryos at risk for sex-linked disorders. A total of 21,356 PGD-A cycles consisting of day-3 (cleavage) or day-5 (blastocyst) biopsies were received at the same laboratory for PGD-A via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) from multiple fertility centres. The misdiagnosis rates were 0.12% (Wilson 95% CI 0.05 to 0.25%) in day-3 FISH cycles, 0.48% (Wilson 95% CI 0.19 to 1.22%) in day-3 aCGH cycles and 0.0% (Wilson 95% CI 0 to 0.26) in day-5 aCGH cycles. Although rare, the likely causative biological event for true misdiagnosis is embryonic XX/XY mosaicism. Reanalysis of 1219 abnormal cleavage-stage research embryos revealed a 73% incidence of minor and major mosaicism. Only four (0.3%) embryos were found to be diploid and contained XX and XY cells that could potentially account for the misdiagnosis of sex. Our investigation identified errors leading to misdiagnosis and their attribution to specific events during PGD-A testing. The reported misdiagnosis rates suggest that PGD-A for sex determination is highly accurate, particularly when using aCGH applied to blastocyst biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Guzman
- PRANOR, Grupo de Reproducción Asistida, Av. Monterrico 1045, Urb El Derby de Monterrico Lima55, Peru; Reprogenetics Latin-American, Encalada Av. 305 Lima 55, Peru
| | - Tomas Escudero
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA
| | - Xuezhong Zheng
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA
| | - Pere Colls
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA
| | - Amy Jordan
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA
| | - Jacques Cohen
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA
| | - Dagan Wells
- Reprogenetics UK, Institute for Reproductive Sciences, Oxford Business Park North, UK; University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Santiago Munné
- Reprogenetics, 3 Regent Street, Livingston NJ 07039, USA.
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12
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De Rycke M, Belva F, Goossens V, Moutou C, SenGupta SB, Traeger-Synodinos J, Coonen E. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection XIII: cycles from January to December 2010 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2011. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:1763-89. [PMID: 26071418 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How do data in the 13th annual data collection (Data XIII) of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) PGD Consortium compare with the cumulative data for collections I-XII? SUMMARY ANSWER The 13th retrospective collection represents valuable data on PGD/PGS cycles, pregnancies and children: the main trend observed is the decrease in the routine implementation of PGS. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Since 1999, the PGD Consortium has collected, analysed and published 12 data sets and an overview of the first 10 years of data collections. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Data were collected from each participating centre using a FileMaker Pro database (versions 5-11). Separate predesigned FileMaker Pro files were used for the cycles, pregnancies and baby records. The study documented cycles performed during the calendar year 2010 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born which resulted from these cycles (until October 2011). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data were submitted by 62 centres (full PGD Consortium members). The submitted data were thoroughly analysed to identify incomplete data entries and corrections were requested from the participating centres. Records remaining with incomplete or inconsistent data were excluded from the calculations. Corrections, calculations and tables were made by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE For data collection XIII, 62 centres reported data for 5780 cycles with oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 1503 pregnancies and 1152 babies born. A total of 1071 OR were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 108 OR for sexing for X-linked diseases, 1574 OR for monogenic diseases, 2979 OR for preimplantation genetic screening and 48 OR for social sexing. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings apply to the 62 participating centres and may not represent worldwide trends in PGD. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The annual data collections provide an important resource for data mining and for following trends in PGD practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M De Rycke
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Belva
- Centre for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, 1852 Grimbergen, Belgium
| | - C Moutou
- Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de la Biologie de la Reproduction, CMCO, 19, Rue Louis Pasteur, BP120, 67303 Schiltigheim, France
| | - S B SenGupta
- UCL Centre for PG & D, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Traeger-Synodinos
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, University of Athens, St. Sophia's Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - E Coonen
- PGD Working Group Maastricht, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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13
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Moutou C, Goossens V, Coonen E, De Rycke M, Kokkali G, Renwick P, SenGupta SB, Vesela K, Traeger-Synodinos J. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection XII: cycles from January to December 2009 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2010. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:880-903. [PMID: 24619432 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How do data in the 12th annual data collection (Data XII) of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Consortium compare with the cumulative data for collections I-XI? SUMMARY ANSWER Since the beginning of the data collections, there has been a steady increase in the number of cycles, pregnancies and babies reported annually. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The PGD Consortium has collected, analysed and published 11 previous data sets since 1997. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Data were collected from each participating centre using a pre-designed FileMaker Pro database (versions 5-10). Separate FileMaker Pro files were used for the cycles, pregnancies and baby records. The study documented cycles performed during the calendar year 2009 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born which resulted from these cycles (until October 2010). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data were submitted by 60 centres (full PGD Consortium members), and the blank files were distributed to each PGD Consortium member centre at the end of 2008. The submitted data were thoroughly analysed to identify incomplete data entries and corrections were requested from the participating centres. Records remaining with incomplete data were excluded from the calculations. Corrections, tables and calculations were made by expert co-authors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE For data collection XII, 60 centres reported data for 6160 cycles with oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 1607 pregnancies and 1238 babies born. A total of 870 OR were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 113 OR for sexing for X-linked diseases, 1597 OR for monogenic diseases, 3551 OR for preimplantation genetic screening and 29 OR for social sexing. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION These data cannot include every PGD cycle performed annually, and only indicate the trends in PGD worldwide. WIDER IMPLICATION OF THE FINDINGS The annual data collections provide an extremely valuable resource for data mining and for following trends in PGD practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) None.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moutou
- Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de la Biologie de la Reproduction, CMCO, 19, Rue Louis Pasteur, BP120, 67303 Schiltigheim, France
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14
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Ajduk A, Zernicka-Goetz M. Quality control of embryo development. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:903-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Farra C, Nassar A, Arawi T, Ashkar H, Monsef C, Awwad J. The utilization of pre-implantation genetic testing in the absence of governance: a real-time experience. Clin Genet 2013; 86:177-80. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Farra
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - A. Nassar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - T. Arawi
- Salim El-Hoss Bioethics and Professionalism Program; American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine; Beirut Lebanon
| | - H. Ashkar
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - C. Monsef
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - J. Awwad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
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16
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Goossens V, Traeger-Synodinos J, Coonen E, De Rycke M, Moutou C, Pehlivan T, Derks-Smeets IAP, Harton G. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection XI: cycles from January to December 2008 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2009. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:1887-911. [PMID: 22572107 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 11th report of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Consortium is presented, documenting cycles collected for the calendar year 2008 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born until October 2009 which resulted from these cycles. Since the beginning of the data collections, there has been a steady increase in the number of cycles, pregnancies and babies reported annually. For data collection XI, 53 centres have participated, reporting on 5641 cycles to oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 1418 pregnancies and 1169 babies born. A total of 774 OR were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 96 OR for sexing for X-linked diseases, 1363 OR for monogenic diseases, 3401 OR for preimplantation genetic screening and 5 OR for social sexing. Data XI is compared with the cumulative data for data collections I-X.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, 1852 Grimbergen, Belgium
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17
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Harper JC, Wilton L, Traeger-Synodinos J, Goossens V, Moutou C, SenGupta SB, Pehlivan Budak T, Renwick P, De Rycke M, Geraedts JPM, Harton G. The ESHRE PGD Consortium: 10 years of data collection. Hum Reprod Update 2012; 18:234-47. [PMID: 22343781 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmr052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since it was established in 1997, the ESHRE PGD Consortium has been collecting data from international preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) centres. Ten papers have been published, including data from January 1997 to December 2007. METHODS The data collection originally used a hard-copy format, then an excel database and finally a FileMaker Pro database. The indications are divided into five categories: PGD for chromosome abnormalities, sexing for X-linked disease, PGD for single gene defects, preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) and PGD for social sexing. The main end-points are pregnancy outcome and follow-up of deliveries. RESULTS In data collection I, 16 centres contributed data, which increased to 57 centres by data X (average of 39 centres per data collection). These centres contributed data on over 27 000 cycles that reached oocyte retrieval. Of these cycles, 61% were for aneuploidy screening, 17% for single gene disorders, 16% for chromosomal abnormalities, 4% for sexing of X-linked disease and 2% for social sexing. Cumulatively, 5187 clinical pregnancies gave rise to 4140 deliveries and 5135 newborns (singletons: 3182, twins: 921, triplets: 37). CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we present an overview of the first 10 years of PGD data, highlighting trends. These include the introduction of laser-assisted biopsy, an increase in polar body and trophectoderm biopsy, new strategies, methodologies and technologies for diagnosis, including recently arrays, and the more frequent use of freezing biopsied embryos. The Consortium data reports represent a valuable resource for information about the practice of PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Harper
- UCL Centre for PG&D, Institute for Women' s Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
Up to 3% of UK pregnancies will be affected by congenital abnormality. Prenatal diagnosis allows the parents to make informed decisions about their pregnancy, healthcare professionals to optimise the antenatal care and families prepare for the birth of the baby. There are many techniques employed which range from the non-invasive ultrasonography to the highly invasive amniocentesis. This review explores the methods currently available in the UK as well as considering the newer minimally-invasive technologies available including cell-free fetal DNA and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Collins
- The Fetal Medicine Unit, Women's Centre, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Hamoda H, Pepas L, Freed C, Grace J, Khalaf Y, Braude P, El-Toukhy T. Outcomes of ovarian stimulation in a two-day oocyte collection week with PGD cycles compared to a five-day oocyte collection week with conventional IVF/ICSI cycles. HUM FERTIL 2011; 14:254-60. [PMID: 22050306 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2011.627409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the outcomes of ovarian stimulation in a two-day egg collection (EC) week with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) cycles (N = 307) compared to a five-day EC week with conventional in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles (N = 2,417). The mean (SD) age of women undergoing PGD was 34 (3.97) and 35 (3.85) for IVF/ICSI (P < 0.001), the number of oocytes collected was 13 (7.37) and 11 (7.02), (P < 0.001), while the mean (SD) number of fertilized oocytes was 8 (5.09) and 6 (4.58), respectively (P < 0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (ET) was 37% with PGD and 38% with IVF/ICSI (P = 0.49), while the implantation rate was 0.35 and 0.30, respectively (P = 0.05). After adjusting for age and confounding variables including the number of oocytes collected and fertilized normally, the mode of treatment (PGD or IVF/ICSI) had no effect on clinical pregnancy (P = 0.48). In conclusion, scheduling of PGD cycles to a two-day EC week did not compromise the outcomes of ovarian stimulation when compared to a five-day EC week with conventional IVF/ICSI cycles. This can allow the provision of a more patient friendly service, increase the flexibility of satellite PGD services, and facilitate cycle programming with the genetics team providing PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamoda
- Assisted Conception Unit, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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21
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Nekkebroeck J, Van den Broeck W, Desmyttere S, Ponjaert-Kristoffersen I, Bonduelle M. The mental, motor, socio-emotional and language development of 2-year-old twins born after PGD/PGS and parental well-being. Hum Reprod 2011; 27:299-301. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: State of the ART 2011. Hum Genet 2011; 131:175-86. [PMID: 21748341 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-1056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cri du chat syndrome after preimplantation genetic diagnosis for reciprocal translocation. Fertil Steril 2011; 96:e71-5. [PMID: 21601848 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the first case of cri du chat syndrome after preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for reciprocal translocation. DESIGN Case report. SETTING In vitro fertilization center in a university affiliated hospital. PATIENT(S) A woman carrying a t(11;22)(q23;q11.2) translocation. INTERVENTION(S) Preimplantation genetic diagnosis was performed, and the woman became pregnant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Successful PGD for reciprocal translocation and diagnosis of Cri du chat syndrome for the baby. RESULT(S) A male baby was born at 36 weeks' gestation. However, the baby presented with a high-pitched, cat-like cry. Cytogenetic study revealed a rare case of cri du chat syndrome associated with t(11;22)(q23;q11.2) translocation. CONCLUSION(S) Chromosomal abnormalities, including the rare cru du chat syndrome, may occur after fluorescent in situ hybridization-based preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Vialard F, Boitrelle F, Molina-Gomes D, Selva J. Predisposition to Aneuploidy in the Oocyte. Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 133:127-35. [DOI: 10.1159/000324231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Musters AM, Repping S, Korevaar JC, Mastenbroek S, Limpens J, van der Veen F, Goddijn M. Pregnancy outcome after preimplantation genetic screening or natural conception in couples with unexplained recurrent miscarriage: a systematic review of the best available evidence. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:2153-7, 2157.e1-3. [PMID: 21215967 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to assess live birth rates and miscarriage rates after preimplantation genetic screening or natural conception for unexplained recurrent miscarriage. There were no randomized controlled trials or comparative studies found on this topic. Until data from randomized controlled trials become available, this review summarizes the best available evidence of the efficacy of preimplantation genetic screening vs. natural conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Musters
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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26
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Harton GL, Harper JC, Coonen E, Pehlivan T, Vesela K, Wilton L. ESHRE PGD consortium best practice guidelines for fluorescence in situ hybridization-based PGD. Hum Reprod 2010; 26:25-32. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
First reported in 1990, PGD has evolved into a complementary form of prenatal diagnosis offering novel indications. DNA for PGD can be recovered with equal safety and facility from polar bodies I and II, blastomere (8 cell embryo) and trophectoderm (5-6 day blastocyst). Diagnostic accuracy is very high (>99%) for both chromosomal abnormalities and single gene disorders. Traditional application of FISH with chromosome specific probes for detecting aneuploidy and translocations may be replaced or complemented by array comparative genome hybridization (array CGH); biopsied embryos can now be cryopreserved (vitrification) while analysis proceeds in orderly fashion. PGD has been accomplished for over 200 different single gene disorders. Novel indications for PGD not readily applicable by traditional prenatal genetic diagnosis include avoiding clinical pregnancy termination, performing preconceptional diagnosis (polar body I), obtaining prenatal diagnosis without disclosure of prenatal genotype (nondisclosure), diagnosing adult-onset disorders particularly cancer, and identifying HLA compatible embryos suitable for recovering umbilical cord blood stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Leigh Simpson
- Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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28
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Hershberger PE, Pierce PF. Conceptualizing couples' decision making in PGD: emerging cognitive, emotional, and moral dimensions. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2010; 81:53-62. [PMID: 20060677 PMCID: PMC2888878 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illuminate and synthesize what is known about the underlying decision making processes surrounding couples' preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) use or disuse and to formulate an initial conceptual framework that can guide future research and practice. METHODS This systematic review targeted empirical studies published in English from 1990 to 2008 that examined the decision making process of couples or individual partners that had used, were eligible for, or had contemplated PGD. Sixteen studies met the eligibility requirements. To provide a more comprehensive review, empirical studies that examined healthcare professionals' perceptions of couples' decision making surrounding PGD use and key publications from a variety of disciplines supplemented the analysis. RESULTS The conceptual framework formulated from the review demonstrates that couples' PGD decision making is composed of three iterative and dynamic dimensions: cognitive appraisals, emotional responses, and moral judgments. CONCLUSION Couples think critically about uncertain and probabilistic information, grapple with conflicting emotions, and incorporate moral perspectives into their decision making about whether or not to use PGD. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The quality of care and decisional support for couples who are contemplating PGD use can be improved by incorporating focused questions and discussion from each of the dimensions into counseling sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Hershberger
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing and College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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29
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Harper JC, Coonen E, De Rycke M, Harton G, Moutou C, Pehlivan T, Traeger-Synodinos J, Van Rij MC, Goossens V. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection X: cycles from January to December 2007 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2008. Hum Reprod 2010; 25:2685-707. [PMID: 20813804 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 10th report of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) PGD Consortium is presented, documenting cycles collected for the calendar year 2007 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born until October 2008 which resulted from these cycles. Since the beginning of the data collections there has been a steady increase in the number of cycles, pregnancies and babies reported annually. For data collection X, 57 centres participated, reporting on 5887 cycles to oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 1516 pregnancies and 1206 babies born. A total of 729 OR were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 110 OR for sexing for X-linked diseases, 1203 OR for monogenic diseases, 3753 OR for preimplantation genetic screening and 92 OR for social sexing. Data X is compared with the cumulative data for data collections I-IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Harper
- UCL Centre for PG&D, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London, UK.
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31
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Dotan K, Feldman B, Goldman B, Peri Y, Peleg L. The single cell as a tool for genetic testing: credibility, precision, implication. J Assist Reprod Genet 2010; 27:335-41. [PMID: 20198415 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-010-9396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of amplicons size and cell type on allele dropout and amplification failures in single-cell based molecular diagnosis. METHODS 730 single lymphocytes and amniotic cells were collected from known heterozygotes individuals to one of the common Ashkenazi Jewish mutations: 1278+TATC and IVS12+1G>C which cause Tay Sachs Disease, IVS20+6T and 854A>C which underlie Familial Dysautonomia and Canavan Disease. DNA was extracted and analyzed by our routine methods. RESULTS Reduced rates of allele dropout and amplification failure were found when smaller amplification product were designed and in amniotic cultured cells compared to peripheral lymphocytes. Cultured lymphocytes, induced to divide, demonstrated significantly less allele dropout than non induced lymphocytes suggesting the role of division potential on amplification efficiency. CONCLUSION Single cell based diagnosis should be designed for each mutation. Minimal sized amplicons and cell having division potential should be preferred, as well as sensitive techniques to detect preferential amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Dotan
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
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32
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Ferraretti AP, Pennings G, Gianaroli L, Natali F, Magli MC. Cross-border reproductive care: a phenomenon expressing the controversial aspects of reproductive technologies. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 20:261-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review will inform the clinician about the application, success rates and limitations of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for haematologic disease to enable clinicians to offer couples with reproductive risk a realistic view of possible treatments. The molecular techniques used to diagnose disease mutations are described, including the newest technologies using whole genome amplification (WGA) and preimplantation genetic haplotyping (PGH) of embryos. The history and ethics involved in performing PGD together with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) testing (PGD-H) to create matched siblings suitable for haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS The greatest diagnostic hurdle in PGD is the paucity of molecular material in the single embryonic cell. WGA allows amplification of the entire genome, which greatly simplifies mutation analysis and increases the possibilities of multiple simultaneous genetic diagnoses. PGH can be applied to the amplified material, and may enable the application of PGD to the less common haematological mutations, and the diagnosis of nonaffected male progeny in cases of X-linked haematologic diseases. SUMMARY PGD to exclude embryos carrying serious haematologic disease is a viable alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples who wish to avoid having affected children and for whom therapeutic termination of affected pregnancies is unacceptable. PGD is not available for all haematologic mutations, is expensive, time consuming and does not guarantee a pregnancy. PGD-H is more diagnostically and ethically challenging, especially when there is the time constraint of urgent provision of HLA-matched stem cells for a sick sibling. To date there is only a handful of reported cases of successful HSCT from siblings created by embryo selection. The evolving technology of PGH following WGA may increase the diagnostic scope and availability of PGD in the future, but certain limitations will remain.
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Oyewo A, Salubi-Udu J, Khalaf Y, Braude P, Renwick P, Lashwood A, El-Toukhy T, Oteng-Ntim E. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for the prevention of sickle cell disease: current trends and barriers to uptake in a London teaching hospital. HUM FERTIL 2010; 12:153-9. [PMID: 19544123 DOI: 10.1080/14647270903037751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a clinically significant hemoglobinopathy with increasing global incidence. We describe our experience of using pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for the prevention of SCD at a tertiary referral centre in London. METHODS Between January 2002 and December 2007, of 78 at-risk couples referred for PGD treatment, 12 couples (15%) underwent 16 PGD cycles for the prevention of SCD. RESULTS. The live birth rate was 13% per initiated cycle, 18% per embryo transfer and 17% per couple. CONCLUSIONS Although PGD for prevention of the birth of a child affected by SCD is a viable treatment option for couples at risk of having an affected child, potential barriers to uptake of this service need to be fully addressed to ensure its availability to all couples seeking to avoid having a child affected with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Oyewo
- King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
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Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for nonsyndromic deafness by polar body and blastomere biopsy. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:391-7. [PMID: 19728075 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of an efficient and reliable PGD protocol for nonsyndromic deafness, by polar body (PB) and blastomere PGD. METHODS The GJB2/GJB6 mutations along with 12 polymorphic markers were used in PGD analysis of blastomeres or polar bodies in 14 couples for 35 cycles. Marker informativity, diagnosis rates, Allele Drop Out (ADO) rates and PB1 heterozygosity rates were assessed. RESULTS Six cycles were performed by PB biopsy, 27 by blastomere and two combined cycles, resulting in delivery of three unaffected children and five ongoing pregnancies. Diagnosis rates for PB and blastomeres were similar. Only 17% PB1s were heterozygote. ADO rates of 19% were observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a single cell multiplex PGD protocol for nonsyndromic deafness with a high efficiency of diagnosis. Most PB1 are homozygous, and similar ADO rates were observed; therefore, blastomere biopsy appears to be the method of choice for this autosomal recessive disease.
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Gutiérrez-Mateo C, Sánchez-García JF, Fischer J, Tormasi S, Cohen J, Munné S, Wells D. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis of single-gene disorders: experience with more than 200 cycles conducted by a reference laboratory in the United States. Fertil Steril 2009; 92:1544-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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De Vos A, Staessen C, De Rycke M, Verpoest W, Haentjens P, Devroey P, Liebaers I, Van de Velde H. Impact of cleavage-stage embryo biopsy in view of PGD on human blastocyst implantation: a prospective cohort of single embryo transfers. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2988-96. [PMID: 19773223 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human embryo biopsy is performed for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). The impact of 1- or 2-cell removal at cleavage-stage on future embryo development and implantation capacity is highly debated. METHODS In order to explore this issue further, a cohort of Day 5 single embryo transfers was analysed prospectively for embryological and clinical outcome. All transferred embryos resulted from 8-cell embryos on Day 3, from which subsequently either one cell (group I, n = 182) or two cells (group II, n = 259) were removed, or on which no invasion by means of embryo biopsy was performed (group III, control group, n = 702). RESULTS Blastocyst formation was significantly better in group III compared with group II, and similar to group I. Group I and group II did not differ in Day 3 nor in Day 5 embryo development. The overall live birth rate was significantly higher in group I (37.4%, CI 29.0-47.4%) than in group II (22.4%, CI 17.0-28.9%), and comparable to the reference ICSI population (35.0%, CI 30.8-39.7%). CONCLUSIONS The clinical outcome of 1-cell biopsy was significantly better than that of 2-cell biopsy, even when adjusted for availability of genetically transferable embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Vos
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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Dupont C, Segars J, DeCherney A, Bavister BD, Armant DR, Brenner CA. Incidence of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal nonhuman primate preimplantation embryos. Fertil Steril 2009; 93:2545-50. [PMID: 19732891 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the exact rates of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal rhesus macaque embryos by determining the chromosomal complement of all blastomeres. DESIGN Retrospective rhesus monkey IVF study. SETTING Academic laboratory and primate research center. PATIENT(S) Young fertile rhesus macaque females. INTERVENTION(S) Morphologically normal in vitro-produced rhesus macaque embryos were dissociated and cytogenetically assessed using a five-color fluorescent in situ hybridization assay developed for rhesus macaque chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 13, 16, 18, X, and Y. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The incidence and extent of chromosomal mosaicism in rhesus macaque preimplantation embryos. RESULT(S) Seventy-seven preimplantation embryos, displaying normal morphology and development, from 17 young rhesus macaque females were analyzed. Overall, 39 embryos (50.6%) were normal, 14 embryos (18.2%) were completely abnormal, and 24 embryos (31.2%) were mosaic. Of the 226 blastomeres analyzed in the mosaic group, 110 blastomeres (48.7%) were normal. CONCLUSION(S) The observed rate of mosaicism in good-quality rhesus embryos resembles previously documented frequencies in poor-quality human preimplantation embryos. A high incidence of mosaicism may limit the diagnostic accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathérine Dupont
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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Audibert F, Wilson RD, Allen V, Audibert F, Blight C, Brock JA, Désilets VA, Gagnon A, Johnson JA, Langlois S, Wyatt P. Preimplantation Genetic Testing. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2009; 31:761-75. [DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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El-Toukhy T, Kamal A, Wharf E, Grace J, Bolton V, Khalaf Y, Braude P. Reduction of the multiple pregnancy rate in a preimplantation genetic diagnosis programme after introduction of single blastocyst transfer and cryopreservation of blastocysts biopsied on Day 3. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2642-8. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bredenoord A, Dondorp W, Pennings G, de Die-Smulders C, Smeets B, de Wert G. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for mitochondrial DNA disorders: ethical guidance for clinical practice. Eur J Hum Genet 2009; 17:1550-9. [PMID: 19471315 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although morally acceptable in theory, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorders raises several ethical questions in clinical practice. This paper discusses the major conditions for good clinical practice. Our starting point is that PGD for mtDNA mutations should as far as possible be embedded in a scientific research protocol. For every clinical application of PGD for mtDNA disorders, it is not only important to avoid a 'high risk of serious harm' to the future child, but also to consider to what extent it would be possible, desirable and proportional to try to reduce the health risks and minimize harm. The first issue we discuss is oocyte sampling, which may point out whether PGD is feasible for a specific couple. The second issue is whether one blastomere represents the genetic composition of the embryo as a whole -- and how this could (or should) be investigated. The third issue regards the cutoff points below which embryos are considered to be eligible for transfer. We scrutinize how to determine these cutoff points and how to use these cutoff points in clinical practice -- for example, when parents ask to take more or less risks. The fourth issue regards the number of cycles that can (or should) justifiably be carried out to find the best possible embryo. Fifth, we discuss whether follow-up studies should be conducted, particularly the genetic testing of children born after IVF/PGD. Finally, we offer the main information that is required to obtain a truly informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelien Bredenoord
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Harper JC, Repping S, Hill D. Current controversies in prenatal diagnosis 1: Is aneuploidy testing by PGD indicated for all infertile patients undergoing IVF? Prenat Diagn 2009; 29:2-5. [PMID: 19173347 DOI: 10.1002/pd.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J C Harper
- UCL Centre for PGD, EGA Institute for Womens Health, University College London, UK.
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Davis LB, Champion SJ, Fair SO, Baker VL, Garber AM. A cost-benefit analysis of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for carrier couples of cystic fibrosis. Fertil Steril 2009; 93:1793-804. [PMID: 19439290 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a cost-benefit analysis of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for carrier couples of cystic fibrosis (CF) compared with the alternative of natural conception (NC) followed by prenatal testing and termination of affected pregnancies. DESIGN Cost-benefit analysis using a decision analytic model. SETTING Outpatient reproductive health practices. PATIENT(S) A simulated cohort of 1,000 female patients. INTERVENTION(S) We calculated the net benefit of giving birth to a child as the present value of lifetime earnings minus lifetime medical costs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Net benefits in dollars. RESULT(S) When used for women younger than 35 years of age, the net benefit of PGD over NC was $182,000 ($715,000 vs. $532,000, respectively). For women aged 35-40 years, the net benefit of PGD over NC was $114,000 ($634,000 vs. $520,000, respectively). For women older than 40 years, however, the net benefit of PGD over NC was -$148,000 ($302,000 vs. $450,000, respectively). CONCLUSION(S) Preimplantation genetic diagnosis provides net economic benefits when used by carrier couples of CF. Although there is an upper limit of maternal age at which economic benefit can be demonstrated, carrier couples of CF should be offered PGD for prevention of an affected child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn B Davis
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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Munné S, Wells D, Cohen J. Technology requirements for preimplantation genetic diagnosis to improve assisted reproduction outcomes. Fertil Steril 2009; 94:408-30. [PMID: 19409550 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.02.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis has been proposed as a method to improve assisted reproduction technology outcomes, but different techniques have produced conflicting results. The use of appropriate techniques may provide positive outcomes.
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Goossens V, Harton G, Moutou C, Traeger-Synodinos J, Van Rij M, Harper JC. ESHRE PGD Consortium data collection IX: cycles from January to December 2006 with pregnancy follow-up to October 2007. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:1786-810. [PMID: 19403563 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ninth report of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Consortium is presented documenting cycles collected for the calendar year 2006 and follow-up of the pregnancies and babies born until October 2007, which resulted from these cycles. Since the beginning of the data collections there has been a steady increase in the number of cycles, pregnancies and babies reported annually. For data collection IX, 57 centres have participated, reporting on 5858 cycles to oocyte retrieval (OR), along with details of the follow-up on 1437 pregnancies and 1206 babies born. Eight hundred and twelve ORs were reported for chromosomal abnormalities, 133 ORs for sexing for X-linked diseases, 931 ORs for monogenic diseases, 3900 ORs for preimplantation genetic screening and 82 ORs for social sexing. Data IX are compared with the cumulative data for data collections I-VIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goossens
- ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, 1852 Grimbergen, Belgium
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Chromosome instability is common in human cleavage-stage embryos. Nat Med 2009; 15:577-83. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 608] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Quality management system in PGD/PGS: now is the time. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:197-204. [PMID: 19266277 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Governments and international authorities require an accreditation of the PGD/PGS laboratories in order to ensure the safety and reproducibility of these analytical procedures. The implementation of a Quality Management System is the first mandatory step prior to accreditation. Our aim is to offer a detailed guidance to the PGD/PGS community that would like to implement this system in the future. METHODS The certification was based on the norm ISO 9001:2000 and requires the identification of procedures, definition of the flowchart, documentation of the processes, recognition of the critical control points, establishment of quality controls, performance of validation and audit system. RESULTS The achievement of ISO certification with the specific scope of "preimplantation genetic diagnosis". CONCLUSION Certification of PGD/PGS allows to achieve evaluation of the efficiency to ensure the sensitivity and a continuous improvement of the genetic diagnosis of embryonic single cells.
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Outcome of twin babies free of Von Hippel–Lindau disease after a double-factor preimplantation genetic diagnosis: monogenetic mutation analysis and comprehensive aneuploidy screening. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:933.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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