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Liang Y, Xie Y, Kong S, Pan Q, Qiu W, Wang D, Li M, Lin S, Liu Z, Sun X. Complex Chromosomal Rearrangement Causes Male Azoospermia: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Genet 2022; 13:792539. [PMID: 35281846 PMCID: PMC8907855 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.792539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Male carriers of complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) may have decreased fertility and usually present with azoospermia, oligospermia or teratospermia.Methods: High-resolution karyotype analysis using G-banding on peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed in an azoospermic male. Copy number variations (CNVs) were detected by chromosomal microarray analysis, and genetic variations were determined by long-read nanopore sequencing with Sanger sequencing for breakpoint confirmation.Results: The karyotype of the patient was 46,XY,t(4;21)(p11;p11),t(5;6;14)(p13q22;p22q22;q22), which did not involve CNVs with clinical significance. Twelve breakpoints in chromosomes 5, 6, and 14 were found by long-read nanopore sequencing. Reports on 17 males carrying CCRs with azoospermia were also reviewed.Conclusion: The extent of asynaptic regions in synaptonemal complexes during pachytene and the disruption of genes involved in male gametogenesis may cause azoospermia in CCR carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianying Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofang Sun,
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Meiotic Silencing in Pigs: A Case Study in a Translocated Azoospermic Boar. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081137. [PMID: 34440311 PMCID: PMC8394674 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carriers of balanced constitutional reciprocal translocations usually present a normal phenotype, but often show reproductive disorders. For the first time in pigs, we analyzed the meiotic process of an autosome-autosome translocation associated with azoospermia. Meiotic process analysis revealed the presence of unpaired autosomal segments with histone γH2AX accumulation sometimes associated with the XY body. Additionally, γH2AX signals were observed on apparently synapsed autosomes other than the SSC1 or SSC15, as previously observed in Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2 patients or knock-out mice for the Senataxin gene. Gene expression showed a downregulation of genes selected on chromosomes 1 and 15, but no upregulation of SSCX genes. We hypothesized that the total meiotic arrest observed in this boar might be due to the silencing of crucial autosomal genes by the mechanism referred to as meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC).
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Meiotic analyses show adaptations to maintenance of fertility in X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5 system of amazon frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus (Laurenti, 1768). Sci Rep 2020; 10:16327. [PMID: 33004883 PMCID: PMC7529792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous chromosomal rearrangements can result in failures during the meiotic cycle and the apoptosis of germline, making carrier individuals infertile. The Amazon frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus has a meiotic multivalent, composed of 12 sex chromosomes. The mechanisms by which this multi-chromosome system maintains fertility in males of this species remain undetermined. In this study we investigated the meiotic behavior of this multivalent to understand how synapse, recombination and epigenetic modifications contribute to maintaining fertility and chromosomal sexual determination in this species. Our sample had 2n = 22, with a ring formed by ten chromosomes in meiosis, indicating a new system of sex determination for this species (X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5). Synapsis occurs in the homologous terminal portion of the chromosomes, while part of the heterologous interstitial regions performed synaptic adjustment. The multivalent center remains asynaptic until the end of pachytene, with interlocks, gaps and rich-chromatin in histone H2A phosphorylation at serine 139 (γH2AX), suggesting transcriptional silence. In late pachytene, paired regions show repair of double strand-breaks (DSBs) with RAD51 homolog 1 (Rad51). These findings suggest that Rad51 persistence creates positive feedback at the pachytene checkpoint, allowing meiosis I to progress normally. Additionally, histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of this anuran can suppress recombination in this region, preventing failed chromosomal segregation. Taken together, these results indicate that these meiotic adaptations are required for maintenance of fertility in L. pentadactylus.
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Zhang H, Wang R, Yu Y, Zhu H, Li L, Yang X, Hu X, Liu R. Non-Robertsonian translocations involving chromosomes 13, 14, or 15 in male infertility: 28 cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14730. [PMID: 30817623 PMCID: PMC6831198 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For genetic counseling of male carriers of chromosomal translocations, the specific chromosomes and breakpoints involved in the translocation are relevant to know. The structural chromosomal abnormalities may lead to abnormal sperm counts, infertility, and miscarriage. These are related to the specific chromosomes and breakpoints involved in the translocation. To date, over 200 cases of non-Robertsonian translocation in male carriers have been described that involve chromosomes 13, 14, or 15.This study reports of 28 male carriers from our clinic with balanced reciprocal translocations of chromosome 13, 14, or 15, and a literature review of 201 cases. The 28 male carriers from our clinic were diagnosed by cytogenetic analyses: 19 subjects suffered from pregestational infertility and 9 from gestational infertility. The most common translocations were t(7;13), t(10;14), and t(3;15), observed respectively in 13 (46%), 8 (29%), and 8 (29%) of our subjects. The literature cases (n = 201) involved chromosome 13 (n = 83, 41%), chromosome 14 (n = 56, 28%) or 15 (n = 62, 31%) in which 75 breakpoints were identified, the most common breakpoint, 13q22, was observed in 12 subjects (6%), followed by 14q32 (n = 11), 15q15 (n = 9), and 15q22 (n = 9). Most breakpoints were related to gestational infertility, while breakpoints at 13p13, 13p12, 13p11.2, 13p11, 13q11, 13q15, 14p12, 14p10, 15p13, 15p10, and 15q22.2 were associated with pregestational infertility.Carriers of non-Robertsonian translocations involving chromosome 13, 14, or 15 and experiencing infertility should receive counseling with regard to chromosomal breakpoints as there seem to be consequences for treatment. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for the carriers with oligozoospermia, microscopic testicular sperm extraction or sperm from the sperm bank for the carriers with azoospermia should be considered for pregestational infertility. The carriers with gestational infertility can choose PGD or prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguo Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaonan Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Nguyen NMP, Ge ZJ, Reddy R, Fahiminiya S, Sauthier P, Bagga R, Sahin FI, Mahadevan S, Osmond M, Breguet M, Rahimi K, Lapensee L, Hovanes K, Srinivasan R, Van den Veyver IB, Sahoo T, Ao A, Majewski J, Taketo T, Slim R. Causative Mutations and Mechanism of Androgenetic Hydatidiform Moles. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:740-751. [PMID: 30388401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles are human pregnancies with no embryos and affect 1 in every 1,400 pregnancies. They have mostly androgenetic monospermic genomes with all the chromosomes originating from a haploid sperm and no maternal chromosomes. Androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles were described in 1977, but how they occur has remained an open question. We identified bi-allelic deleterious mutations in MEI1, TOP6BL/C11orf80, and REC114, with roles in meiotic double-strand breaks formation in women with recurrent androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles. We investigated the occurrence of androgenesis in Mei1-deficient female mice and discovered that 8% of their oocytes lose all their chromosomes by extruding them with the spindles into the first polar body. We demonstrate that Mei1-/- oocytes are capable of fertilization and 5% produce androgenetic zygotes. Thus, we uncover a meiotic abnormality in mammals and a mechanism for the genesis of androgenetic zygotes that is the extrusion of all maternal chromosomes and their spindles into the first polar body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhao-Jia Ge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ramesh Reddy
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Somayyeh Fahiminiya
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Philippe Sauthier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Réseau des Maladies Trophoblastiques du Québec, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical, Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Feride Iffet Sahin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, 06810 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sangeetha Mahadevan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Magali Breguet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Réseau des Maladies Trophoblastiques du Québec, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
| | - Kurosh Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
| | - Louise Lapensee
- Ovo Clinic, Montréal, QC H4P 2S4, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
| | | | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Cytology & Gynecological Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | | | | | - Asangla Ao
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Teruko Taketo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Rima Slim
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Mary N, Ferchaud S, Barasc H, Calgaro A, Bonnet N, Ducos A, Pinton A. Intraindividual Variation of Meiotic Recombination Parameters in Pig Spermatocytes: A Preliminary Study. Cytogenet Genome Res 2018; 154:229-233. [PMID: 29788002 DOI: 10.1159/000488789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic recombination parameters like crossover (CO) rate or synaptonemal complex (SC) length are known to vary strongly between individuals and between cells from the same individual. The origins of this variability remain elusive, and little is known about the variations that might occur between different samples and/or over time within the same individual. To document this question, pachytene cells from 3 boars of the Large White breed were analyzed twice, at a 1-year interval, using immunocytological techniques. CO rate, SC length, and MLH1 inter-foci distances varied significantly between the 3 individuals. CO rate and SC length differed significantly between the 2 sampling periods for 1 individual. However, no significant differences were observed between the 2 samples for CO distribution and inter-foci distances in the 3 boars studied.
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Li G, Iqbal F, Wang L, Xu Z, Che X, Yu W, Shi L, Guo T, Zhou G, Jiang X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yu D. Meiotic defects and decreased expression of genes located around the chromosomal breakpoint in the testis of a patient with a novel 46,X,t(Y;1)(p11.3;p31) translocation. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627638 PMCID: PMC5504999 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced translocations are known to be associated with infertility, spontaneous abortions and birth defects in mammals. Spermatocyte spreading and immunostaining were applied to detect meiotic prophase I progression, homologous chromosome pairing, synapsis and recombination in an azoospermic reciprocal translocation 46,X,t(Y;1)(p11.3;p31) carrier. Histological examination of testicular sections revealed a severely reduced number of germ cells with no spermatids or sperm in the carrier. A significant reduction in XY recombination was observed in the patient. The number of MLH1 foci on autosomes that are not involved in the translocation per cell was also significantly decreased in our patient as compared to the controls, which indicates an inter-chromosomal effect (ICE) of the translocation on recombination. An increase in leptotene (P<0.001) and zygotene (P<0.001) and a decrease in pachytene spermatocytes (P<0.001) were observed in the carrier when compared with the controls, indicating disturbed meiotic progression in the patient. Increased RAD51 foci during pachytene (P=0.02) in the spermatocytes of the patient were noted. A decreased expression of the genes (USP1, INSL5, LEPR and MSH4) critical for meiosis/spermatogenesis and located around the breakpoint region of chromosome 1 was observed in the 46,X,t(Y;1) carrier, which may further exacerbate the meiotic failure such as reduced recombination on autosomes and ultimately cause spermatogenesis arrest. In summary, we report a series of events that may have caused infertility in our 46,X,t(Y;1) carrier. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report shedding light on how, possibly, a reciprocal translocation affects meiosis at the molecular level in azoospermia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Che
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Tonghang Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Guixiang Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Altered bivalent positioning in metaphase I human spermatocytes from Robertsonian translocation carriers. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 34:131-138. [PMID: 27655390 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aims to determine whether there is an altered bivalent positioning in metaphase I human spermatocytes from Robertsonian translocation carriers. METHODS Metaphase I human spermatocytes from three 45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10) individuals and a 45,XY,der(14;15)(q10;q10) individual were analyzed. Proximity relationships of bivalents were established by analyzing meiotic preparations combining Leishman staining and multiplex-FISH procedures. Poisson regression model was used to determine proximity frequencies between bivalents and to assess associations with chromosome size, gene density, acrocentric morphology, and chromosomes with heterochromatic blocks. The hierarchical cluster Ward method was used to characterize the groups of bivalents with preferred proximities in a cluster analysis. Bivalent groups obtained were individually compared with those obtained in normal karyotype individuals evaluated in a previous study. RESULTS A total of 1288 bivalents were examined, giving a total of 2289 proximity data. Only four positive significant proximities were detected for each type of Robertsonian translocation. Significant bivalent associations were only observed by small-size chromosomes for MI,22,XY,III(13q14q). These results were clearly divergent from 46,XY individuals. Moreover, cluster analysis revealed that about 30 % of the bivalents showed changes in their proximity relationships in metaphase I. CONCLUSIONS The territorial organization of bivalents in metaphase I human spermatocytes changes in the presence of a Robertsonian translocation.
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Barasc H, Congras A, Mary N, Trouilh L, Marquet V, Ferchaud S, Raymond-Letron I, Calgaro A, Loustau-Dudez AM, Mouney-Bonnet N, Acloque H, Ducos A, Pinton A. Meiotic pairing and gene expression disturbance in germ cells from an infertile boar with a balanced reciprocal autosome-autosome translocation. Chromosome Res 2016; 24:511-527. [PMID: 27484982 PMCID: PMC5167775 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-016-9533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Individuals carrying balanced constitutional reciprocal translocations generally have a normal phenotype, but often present reproductive disorders. The aim of our research was to analyze the meiotic process in an oligoasthenoteratospermic boar carrying an asymmetric reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 1 and 14. Different multivalent structures (quadrivalent and trivalent plus univalent) were identified during chromosome pairing analysis. Some of these multivalents were characterized by the presence of unpaired autosomal segments with histone γH2AX accumulation sometimes associated with the XY body. Gene expression in spermatocytes was studied by RNA-DNA-FISH and microarray-based testis transcriptome analysis. Our results revealed a decrease in gene expression for chromosomes 1 and 14 and an up-regulated expression of X-chromosome genes for the translocated boar compared with normal individuals. We hypothesized that the observed meiotic arrest and reproductive failure in this boar might be due to silencing of crucial autosomal genes (MSUC) and disturbance of meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI). Further analysis revealed abnormal meiotic recombination (frequency and distribution) and the production of a high rate of unbalanced spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmonie Barasc
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France.
| | - Annabelle Congras
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Mary
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Lidwine Trouilh
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Valentine Marquet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Ferchaud
- GenESI Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, 17700, Saint-Pierre-d'Amilly, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL 5311, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1031, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Calgaro
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Acloque
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Ducos
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Pinton
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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Mary N, Barasc H, Ferchaud S, Priet A, Calgaro A, Loustau-Dudez AM, Bonnet N, Yerle M, Ducos A, Pinton A. Meiotic Recombination Analyses in Pigs Carrying Different Balanced Structural Chromosomal Rearrangements. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154635. [PMID: 27124413 PMCID: PMC4849707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Correct pairing, synapsis and recombination between homologous chromosomes are essential for normal meiosis. All these events are strongly regulated, and our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in this regulation is increasing rapidly. Chromosomal rearrangements are known to disturb these processes. In the present paper, synapsis and recombination (number and distribution of MLH1 foci) were studied in three boars (Sus scrofa domestica) carrying different chromosomal rearrangements. One (T34he) was heterozygote for the t(3;4)(p1.3;q1.5) reciprocal translocation, one (T34ho) was homozygote for that translocation, while the third (T34Inv) was heterozygote for both the translocation and a pericentric inversion inv(4)(p1.4;q2.3). All three boars were normal for synapsis and sperm production. This particular situation allowed us to rigorously study the impact of rearrangements on recombination. Overall, the rearrangements induced only minor modifications of the number of MLH1 foci (per spermatocyte or per chromosome) and of the length of synaptonemal complexes for chromosomes 3 and 4. The distribution of MLH1 foci in T34he was comparable to that of the controls. Conversely, the distributions of MLH1 foci on chromosome 4 were strongly modified in boar T34Inv (lack of crossover in the heterosynaptic region of the quadrivalent, and crossover displaced to the chromosome extremities), and also in boar T34ho (two recombination peaks on the q-arms compared with one of higher magnitude in the controls). Analyses of boars T34he and T34Inv showed that the interference was propagated through the breakpoints. A different result was obtained for boar T34ho, in which the breakpoints (transition between SSC3 and SSC4 chromatin on the bivalents) seemed to alter the transmission of the interference signal. Our results suggest that the number of crossovers and crossover interference could be regulated by partially different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Mary
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Harmonie Barasc
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Ferchaud
- UE1372 GenESI Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Surgères, France
| | - Aurélia Priet
- UE1372 GenESI Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Surgères, France
| | - Anne Calgaro
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Marie Loustau-Dudez
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Bonnet
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Martine Yerle
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Ducos
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Pinton
- INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage, Toulouse, France
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Ren H, Chow V, Ma S. Meiotic behaviour and sperm aneuploidy in an infertile man with a mosaic 45,X/46,XY karyotype. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31:783-9. [PMID: 26511872 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The meiotic behaviour of the germ cells in 45,X/46,XY men has not been extensively studied. This study investigated the meiotic events and sperm aneuploidy in an azoospermic man with a 45,X/46,XY (50/50) mosaic karyotype to better understand the fate of the 45,X cells and the production of chromosomally abnormal spermatozoa. Combining immunofluorescence techniques and fluorescence in-situ hybridization, meiotic recombination, synapsis, meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) and configuration were analysed, as well as sperm aneuploidy in the patient and 10 normal, fertile men. Despite the 50:50 somatic mosaicism in the patient, 25% of pachytene cells analysed were 45,X. Furthermore, 63% of pachytene cells were 46,XY with paired sex chromosomes, and 12% were 46,XY with unpaired sex chromosomes, which displayed abnormal MCSI patterns. Although the patient's testicular spermatozoa showed increased aneuploidy, the majority were of normal constitution. The X:Y sperm ratio was significantly increased compared with the controls (P < 0.001), which may indicate that some 45,X cells gave rise to X-bearing spermatozoa. The findings provide insight into the fate of 45,X/46,XY cells in meiosis, supporting the hypothesis that stringent checkpoints ensure the favourable production of spermatozoa with normal chromosomal constitution despite an individual's abnormal karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3N1
| | - Victor Chow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3N1
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3N1.
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Zhang D, Zhang X, Zeng M, Yuan J, Liu M, Yin Y, Wu X, Keefe DL, Liu L. Increased DNA damage and repair deficiency in granulosa cells are associated with ovarian aging in rhesus monkey. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1069-78. [PMID: 25957622 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0483-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian aging is closely tied to the decline in ovarian follicular reserve and oocyte quality. During the prolonged reproductive lifespan of the female, granulosa cells connected with oocytes play critical roles in maintaining follicle reservoir, oocyte growth and follicular development. We tested whether double-strand breaks (DSBs) and repair in granulosa cells within the follicular reservoir are associated with ovarian aging. METHODS Ovaries were sectioned and processed for epi-fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. DNA damage was revealed by immunstaining of γH2AX foci and telomere damage by γH2AX foci co-localized with telomere associated protein TRF2. DNA repair was indicated by BRCA1 immunofluorescence. RESULTS DSBs in granulosa cells increase and DSB repair ability, characterized by BRCA1 foci, decreases with advancing age. γH2AX foci increase in primordial, primary and secondary follicles with advancing age. Likewise, telomere damage increases with advancing age. In contrast, BRCA1 foci in granulosa cells of primordial, primary and secondary follicles decrease with monkey age. BRCA1 positive foci in the oocyte nuclei also decline with maternal age. CONCLUSIONS Increased DSBs and reduced DNA repair in granulosa cells may contribute to ovarian aging. Discovery of therapeutics that targets these pathways might help maintain follicle reserve and postpone ovarian dysfunction with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Kirkpatrick G, Ren H, Liehr T, Chow V, Ma S. Meiotic and sperm aneuploidy studies in three carriers of Robertsonian translocations and small supernumerary marker chromosomes. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:1162-9.e7. [PMID: 25796321 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the meiotic behaviour of one carrier of a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC): 47,XY,+mar; one carrier of a Robertsonian translocation (ROB): 45,XY,rob(13;21) (q10;q10); and one carrier of both a sSMC and a ROB: 46,XY,rob(13;21) (q11.1;q11.1),+mar. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING University-affiliated research center and hospital. PATIENT(S) Subfertile men with ROB and sSMC. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The chromosomal origin of the sSMC was assessed by multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization. The segregation of the ROB and sSMC in sperm and possible interchromosomal effects were examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Synapsis, meiotic recombination, and meiotic inactivation were investigated in ejaculate spermatocytes of the 47,XY,+mar and 45,XY,rob(13;21) carriers using immunostaining. RESULT(S) In the 47,XY,+mar and 46,XY,rob(13;21),+mar carriers, the sSMC was found in 13.5% and 11.5 % of sperm, respectively. Analysis of meiotic segregation of chromosome 13 and 21 showed that 91.2% of sperm were normal/balanced in the 46,XY,rob(13;21),+mar case, whereas 88.4% of sperm were normal/balanced in the 45,XY,rob(13;21) case. Interchromosomal effects involving the sex chromosomes were found in both sSMC carriers. Both 47,XY,+mar and 45,XY,rob(13;21) carriers showed decreased global recombination, impaired synapsis, and an association of abnormal chromosomes with the XY body. CONCLUSION(S) Carriers of marker chromosomes produce sperm with markers at frequencies lower than theoretically expected. Carriers of ROB and sSMC showed decreased recombination, impaired synapsis, and association of abnormal chromosomes with the XY body, which may contribute to an interchromosomal effect. Using immunofluorescence techniques to analyze ejaculate-derived spermatocytes from subfertile men provides a novel technique for examining meiosis without the need for a testicular biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Kirkpatrick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - He Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Victor Chow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Quadrivalent asymmetry in reciprocal translocation carriers predicts meiotic segregation patterns in cleavage stage embryos. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29:490-8. [PMID: 25131559 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of quadrivalent geometry on meiotic behaviour was evaluated. Segregation patterns of 404 cleavage stage embryos from 40 reciprocal translocation carriers undergoing 75 PGD cycles were analysed according to the asymmetric degree of quadrivalent. The percentage of alternate products with severe asymmetric quadrivalents was significantly lower than patients with mild asymmetric quadrivalents (22.5% versus 38.7%, P = 0.001). The incidence of 3:1 products was significantly higher in patients with severe compared with mild asymmetric quadrivalents (23.1% versus 12.2%, P = 0.004). The incidence of adjacent 1 (25.8% versus 24.3%), 2 (11.5% versus 12.6%) and 4:0/other segregation products (17.0% versus 12.2%) were not statistically significantly different between embryos from patients with severe or mild asymmetric quadrivalents. After adjusting for the confounder of sex using a logistic regression model, the odds of alternate embryos is about one-half for carriers classified as severe (OR 0.456, 95% CI 0.291 to 0.705), and the odds of 3:1 embryos is 2.2 times higher for carriers with severe asymmetric quadrivalents (OR 2.235, 95% CI 1.318 to 3.846). Our results suggest that the meiotic segregation pattern is related to the degree of asymmetry of specific quadrivalents. Severe asymmetric quadrivalents increases the risk of abnormal embryos.
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Yao Q, Wang L, Yao B, Gao H, Li W, Xia X, Shi Q, Cui Y. Meiotic prophase I defects in an oligospermic man with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with ring chromosome 4. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:45. [PMID: 25057292 PMCID: PMC4107489 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ring chromosomes are often associated with spermatogenetic failure. However, the mechanism is poorly understood. We here reported a single man with severe oligospermia and a ring chromosome 4 with a microdeletion at 4p16.3. Results Synapsis (as SCP3), recombination (as MLH1) and transcriptional inactivation (as BRCA1) in a testicular biopsy were examined by fluorescence immunostaining. In the oligospermia patient, 35.4% of spermatocytes were in zygotene phase compared with 5.2% in controls. The patient had a significantly reduced recombination frequency with mean of 45.9 MLH1 foci/cell compared with 47.8 in controls. In the patient, chromosome 4 in all pachytene cells displayed loop formation with varying degrees of unpaired regions. BRCA1 localized along asynapsed regions regardless of XY body association. Conclusions Ring chromosome 4 might affect the progression of meiosis I prophase, synapse formation, and transcriptional activation of asynapsed areas, and impair male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Liu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Hongliu Gao
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yingxia Cui
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, PR China
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Jiang H, Wang L, Cui Y, Xu Z, Guo T, Cheng D, Xu P, Yu W, Shi Q. Meiotic Chromosome Behavior in a Human Male t(8;15) Carrier. J Genet Genomics 2014; 41:177-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Wiland E, Olszewska M, Georgiadis A, Huleyuk N, Panasiuk B, Zastavna D, Yatsenko SA, Jedrzejczak P, Midro AT, Yatsenko AN, Kurpisz M. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses of de novo translocation dic(9;13)(p11.2;p12) in an infertile male. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:14. [PMID: 24559467 PMCID: PMC3944724 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole arm t(9;13)(p11;p12) translocations are rare and have been described only a few times; all of the previously reported cases were familial. RESULTS We present here an infertile male carrier with a whole-arm reciprocal translocation dic(9;13)(p11.2;p12) revealed by GTG-, C-, and NOR-banding karyotypes with no mature sperm cells in his ejaculate. FISH and genome-wide 400 K CGH microarray (Agilent) analyses demonstrated a balanced chromosome complement and further characterised the abnormality as a dicentric chromosome (9;13): dic(9;13)(pter→p11.2::p12→qter),neo(9)(pter→p12→neo→p11.2). An analysis of the patient's ejaculated cells identified immature germ cells at different phases of spermatogenesis but no mature spermatozoa. Most (82.5%) of the germ cells were recognised as spermatocytes at stage I, and the cell nuclei were most frequently found in pachytene I (41.8%). We have also undertaken FISH analysis and documented an increased rate of aneuploidy of chromosomes 15, 18, X and Y in the peripheral blood leukocytes of our patient. To study the aneuploidy risk in leukocytes, we have additionally included 9 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia with normal karyotypes. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the azoospermia observed in the patient with the dic(9;13)(p11.2;p12) translocation was most likely a consequence of a very high proportion (90%) of association between XY bivalents and quadrivalent formations in prophase I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, Poznan 60-479, Poland
| | - Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, Poznan 60-479, Poland
| | - Andrew Georgiadis
- Department of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenka 31A, Lviv 79000, Ukraine
| | - Barbara Panasiuk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, Bialystok 15-089, Poland
| | - Danuta Zastavna
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenka 31A, Lviv 79000, Ukraine
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Piotr Jedrzejczak
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alina T Midro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, Bialystok 15-089, Poland
| | - Alexander N Yatsenko
- Department of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Strzeszynska 32, Poznan 60-479, Poland
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Vozdova M, Sebestova H, Kubickova S, Cernohorska H, Awadova T, Vahala J, Rubes J. Impact of Robertsonian translocation on meiosis and reproduction: an impala (Aepyceros melampus) model. J Appl Genet 2014; 55:249-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Olszewska M, Fraczek M, Huleyuk N, Czernikiewicz A, Wiland E, Boksa M, Zastavna D, Panasiuk B, Midro AT, Kurpisz M. Chromatin structure analysis of spermatozoa from reciprocal chromosome translocation (RCT) carriers with known meiotic segregation patterns. Reprod Biol 2013; 13:209-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ananthapur V, Avvari S, Veena K, Sujatha M, Jyothy A. Non-Robertsonian translocation t (2;11) is associated with infertility in an oligospermic man. Andrologia 2013; 46:453-5. [PMID: 23738880 DOI: 10.1111/and.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a major health problem which affects approximately 22% of married couples in reproductive age. Chromosomal defects are the most common genetic abnormalities in infertile men, with an incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities ranging from 2.1% to 15.5%. We describe here the clinical and cytogenetic studies carried out in a couple with repeated abortions. Cytogenetic analysis of the couple showed a de novo chromosomal translocation t (2;11)(p14;q21) in the male partner and a normal 46, XX karyotype in the female counterpart. Such an autosomal translocation may lead to the disruption of genes responsible for spermatogenesis or impaired synaptic complex pairing during meiosis resulting in reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ananthapur
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Godo A, Blanco J, Vidal F, Anton E. Accumulation of numerical and structural chromosome imbalances in spermatozoa from reciprocal translocation carriers. Hum Reprod 2012; 28:840-9. [PMID: 23250926 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there a relationship between the occurrence of specific segregation modes and the production of additional numerical abnormalities in spermatozoa from reciprocal translocation carriers? STUDY ANSWER The production of aneuploid and diploid spermatozoa tends to be associated with an unbalanced segregation outcome of the rearranged chromosomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Carriers of reciprocal translocations have an increased genetic reproductive risk as a consequence of producing higher numbers of unbalanced spermatozoa. These imbalances can originate during the segregation of the rearranged chromosomes and also from the occurrence of interchromosomal effects (ICEs). Usually, the outcome of both events is studied independently by means of sperm fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We designed a sequential FISH protocol based on two successive hybridization rounds to study the segregation outcome of the rearranged chromosomes and the presence of additional numerical abnormalities in the same sperm nuclei. The study was performed between February 2010 and February 2012. MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Sperm samples from eight reciprocal translocation carriers were processed for FISH analysis. Numerical abnormalities for chromosomes X, Y, 13, 18 and 21 were evaluated in the first hybridization round. The aneuploid and diploid nuclei were relocated and analysed for the segregation outcome of the rearranged chromosomes in the second hybridization round. In every carrier, another population of non-selected spermatozoa was also analysed with the aim of defining the general segregation outcome of each reorganization event. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Overall, the selected population of aneuploid and diploid spermatozoa showed significant increased frequencies of unbalanced segregation modes of the rearranged chromosomes (3:1, 4:0 and 'other') when compared with the non-selected population of spermatozoa. A P-value of <0.05 was chosen to determine if differences observed were statistically significant. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION FISH only allows the analysis of a limited number of chromosomes. Information about the content of additional chromosomes would have been useful in order to broaden the number of aneuploid spermatozoa population, and to infer a more accurate possible mechanism for generating chromosomal imbalances. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS There was no previous data about a relationship between chromosomal numerical abnormalities and segregation of rearranged chromosomes. Our findings are consistent with a possible gathering of chromosomal abnormalities in a given nucleus. This information can be used towards a better understanding of the meiotic mechanisms involved in non-disjunction events in gametes from reciprocal translocation carriers. Also, it would help to provide a better reproductive genetic risk assessment in these patients. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by funding of projects SAF2010-2241 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain), SGR2009-282 (Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain) and UAB CF-180034 (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain). The authors declare the lack of competing interests in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Godo
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular (Facultat de Biociències), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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Kurahashi H, Kogo H, Tsutsumi M, Inagaki H, Ohye T. Failure of homologous synapsis and sex-specific reproduction problems. Front Genet 2012; 3:112. [PMID: 22719750 PMCID: PMC3376420 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prophase of meiosis I ensures the correct segregation of chromosomes to each daughter cell. This includes the pairing, synapsis, and recombination of homologous chromosomes. A subset of chromosomal abnormalities, including translocation and inversion, disturbs these processes, resulting in the failure to complete synapsis. This activates the meiotic pachytene checkpoint, and the gametes are fated to undergo cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis. Spermatogenic cells appear to be more vulnerable to the pachytene checkpoint, and male carriers of chromosomal abnormalities are more susceptible to infertility. In contrast, oocytes tend to bypass the checkpoint and instead generate other problems, such as chromosome imbalance that often leads to recurrent pregnancy loss in female carriers. Recent advances in genetic manipulation technologies have increased our knowledge about the pachytene checkpoint and surveillance systems that detect chromosomal synapsis. This review focuses on the consequences of synapsis failure in humans and provides an overview of the mechanisms involved. We also discuss the sexual dimorphism of the involved pathways that leads to the differences in reproductive outcomes between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kurahashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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23
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De Lorenzi L, Morando P, Planas J, Zannotti M, Molteni L, Parma P. Reciprocal translocations in cattle: frequency estimation. J Anim Breed Genet 2012; 129:409-16. [PMID: 22963362 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2011.00983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal anomalies, like Robertsonian and reciprocal translocations, represent a big problem in cattle breeding as their presence induces, in the carrier subjects, a well-documented fertility reduction. In cattle, reciprocal translocations (RCPs, a chromosome abnormality caused by an exchange of material between non-homologous chromosomes) are considered rare as to date only 19 reciprocal translocations have been described. In cattle, it is common knowledge that the Robertsonian translocations represent the most common cytogenetic anomalies, and this is probably due to the existence of the endemic 1;29 Robertsonian translocation. However, these considerations are based on data obtained using techniques that are unable to identify all reciprocal translocations, and thus, their frequency is clearly underestimated. The purpose of this work is to provide a first realistic estimate of the impact of RCPs in the cattle population studied, trying to eliminate the factors that have caused an underestimation of their frequency so far. We performed this work using a mathematical as well as a simulation approach and, as biological data, we considered the cytogenetic results obtained in the last 15 years. The results obtained show that only 16% of reciprocal translocations can be detected using simple Giemsa techniques, and consequently, they could be present in no <0.14% of cattle subjects, a frequency five times higher than that shown by de novo Robertsonian translocations. This data is useful to open a debate about the need to introduce a more efficient method to identify RCP in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L De Lorenzi
- Department of Animal Science, Milan University, Milan, Italy
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Kirkpatrick G, Ma S. Meiotic segregation and interchromosomal effects in a rare (1:2:10) complex chromosomal rearrangement. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 29:77-81. [PMID: 22105185 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR) are rare rearrangements involving more than two chromosomes and more than two breakpoints. CCR are associated with male infertility as a result of the disruption of spermatogenesis due to complex meiotic configurations and the production of chromosomally abnormal sperm. We examined a carrier of a t(1:2:10) CCR in order to determine the patterns of segregation and any presence of an interchromosomal effect (ICE). METHODS Centromeric, locus specific and telomeric probes (Vysis, USA) were used for the study. On ~1,000 sperm nuclei from the reciprocal translocation carrier, dual color Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on each of the involved chromosomes to determine the patterns of segregation. FISH was also performed on chromosome 13, 18, 21, X and Y to determine any ICE. RESULTS We observed abnormal chromosome complements in 24.3%, 19.5% and 15.8% of sperm for chromosomes 2, 10 and 1, respectively. There was a significantly increased rate of ICEs for chromosomes 13 and 21 when compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS CCR may present a lower risk for producing unbalanced chromosomes than other studies have indicated. CCRs may be at an increased risk for ICE especially among acrocentric chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Kirkpatrick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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25
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Kirkpatrick G, Chow V, Ma S. Meiotic recombination, synapsis, meiotic inactivation and sperm aneuploidy in a chromosome 1 inversion carrier. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 24:91-100. [PMID: 22116071 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted meiotic behaviour of inversion carriers may be responsible for suboptimal sperm parameters in these carriers. This study investigated meiotic recombination, synapsis, transcriptional silencing and chromosome segregation effects in a pericentric inv(1) carrier. Recombination (MLH1), synapsis (SYCP1, SYCP3) and transcriptional inactivation (γH2AX, BRCA1) were examined by fluorescence immunostaining. Chromosome specific rates of recombination were determined by fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Furthermore, testicular sperm was examined for aneuploidy and segregation of the inv(1). Our findings showed that global recombination rates were similar to controls. Recombination on the inv(1) and the sex chromosomes were reduced. The inv(1) associated with the XY body in 43.4% of cells, in which XY recombination was disproportionately absent, and 94.3% of cells displayed asynapsed regions which displayed meiotic silencing regardless of their association with the XY body. Furthermore, a low frequency of chromosomal imbalance was observed in spermatozoa (3.4%). Our results suggest that certain inversion carriers may display unimpaired global recombination and impaired recombination on the involved and the sex chromosomes during meiosis. Asynapsis or inversion-loop formation in the inverted region may be responsible for impaired spermatogenesis and may prevent sperm-chromosome imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Kirkpatrick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H-3N1
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26
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Sciurano RB, Rahn MI, Rey-Valzacchi G, Coco R, Solari AJ. The role of asynapsis in human spermatocyte failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 35:541-9. [PMID: 21977946 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The basic molecular mechanisms by which chromosomal rearrangements in heterozygous state produce spermatogenic disturbances are poorly understood. Testicular biopsies from five patients - one carrier of a Robertsonian translocation rob t(13;14), two carriers of two different Y-autosome translocations, a t(Y;6) and a t(Y;11), one carrier of a reciprocal translocation t(3;13) and one carrier of a heterochromatin duplication in chromosome 9 - were processed for histopathological analysis, electron microscopy and fluorescent immunolocalization of meiotic proteins. In all the patients, the asynaptic regions during pachytene are labelled by BRCA1 and retained RAD51 foci. The variant histone γ-H2AX is located on the chromatin domains of the asynaptic regions and the XY body. In contrast, these meiotic proteins are absent in those chromosomal segments that are non-homologously synapsed. The present observations on five new cases and a review of recent studies show that the common features shared by all these cases are the abnormal location of some meiotic proteins and the presence of transcriptionally silenced chromatin domains on asynaptic regions. The frequent association of these silenced regions with the XY body and the rescue of spermatocyte viability through non-homologous synapsis are also shared by all these carriers. A passive, random mechanism of clustering of asynaptic regions with the XY body is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Sciurano
- Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Hultén MA. On the origin of crossover interference: A chromosome oscillatory movement (COM) model. Mol Cytogenet 2011; 4:10. [PMID: 21477316 PMCID: PMC3103480 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-4-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is now nearly a century since it was first discovered that crossovers between homologous parental chromosomes, originating at the Prophase stage of Meiosis I, are not randomly placed. In fact, the number and distribution of crossovers are strictly regulated with crossovers/chiasmata formed in optimal positions along the length of individual chromosomes, facilitating regular chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. In spite of much research addressing this question, the underlying mechanism(s) for the phenomenon called crossover/chiasma interference is/are still unknown; and this constitutes an outstanding biological enigma. RESULTS The Chromosome Oscillatory Movement (COM) model for crossover/chiasma interference implies that, during Prophase of Meiosis I, oscillatory movements of the telomeres (attached to the nuclear membrane) and the kinetochores (within the centromeres) create waves along the length of chromosome pairs (bivalents) so that crossing-over and chiasma formation is facilitated by the proximity of parental homologs induced at the nodal regions of the waves thus created. This model adequately explains the salient features of crossover/chiasma interference, where (1) there is normally at least one crossover/chiasma per bivalent, (2) the number is correlated to bivalent length, (3) the positions are dependent on the number per bivalent, (4) interference distances are on average longer over the centromere than along chromosome arms, and (5) there are significant changes in carriers of structural chromosome rearrangements. CONCLUSIONS The crossover/chiasma frequency distribution in humans and mice with normal karyotypes as well as in carriers of structural chromosome rearrangements are those expected on the COM model. Further studies are underway to analyze mechanical/mathematical aspects of this model for the origin of crossover/chiasma interference, using string replicas of the homologous chromosomes at the Prophase stage of Meiosis I. The parameters to vary in this type of experiment will include: (1) the mitotic karyotype, i.e. ranked length and centromere index of the chromosomes involved, (2) the specific bivalent/multivalent length and flexibility, dependent on the way this structure is positioned within the nucleus and the size of the respective meiocyte nuclei, (3) the frequency characteristics of the oscillatory movements at respectively the telomeres and the kinetochores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj A Hultén
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, CMM L8:02, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, S-17 1 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Salahshourifar I, Karimi H, Tavakolzadeh T, Beheshti Z, Maeda T, Aviv H, Gourabi H. Constitutional telomeric dysfunction in an azoospermic male with extensive telomeric association. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2413-6. [PMID: 20803652 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Salahshourifar
- Genetics Department, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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QIP, a protein that converts duplex siRNA into single strands, is required for meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA. Genetics 2010; 186:119-26. [PMID: 20551436 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.110.118273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) depends on the production of small RNA to regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. Two RNAi systems exist to control repetitive selfish elements in Neurospora crassa. Quelling targets transgenes during vegetative growth, whereas meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD) silences unpaired genes during meiosis. The two mechanisms require common RNAi proteins, such as RNA-directed RNA polymerases, Dicers, and Argonaute slicers. We have previously demonstrated that, while Quelling depends on the redundant dicer activity of DCL-1 and DCL-2, only DCL-1 is required for MSUD. Here, we show that QDE-2-interacting protein (QIP), an exonuclease that is important for the production of single-stranded siRNA during Quelling, is also required for MSUD. QIP is crucial for sexual development and is shown to colocalize with other MSUD proteins in the perinuclear region.
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Reinholdt LG, Czechanski A, Kamdar S, King BL, Sun F, Handel MA. Meiotic behavior of aneuploid chromatin in mouse models of Down syndrome. Chromosoma 2009; 118:723-36. [PMID: 19639331 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-009-0230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy, which leads to unpaired chromosomal axes during meiosis, is frequently accompanied by infertility. We previously showed, using three mouse models of Down syndrome, that it is an extra chromosome, but not extra gene dose, that is associated with male infertility and virtual absence of post-meiotic gem cells. Here, we test the hypothesis that aneuploid segments are differentially modified and expressed during meiosis, depending on whether they are present as an extra chromosome or not. In all three models examined, the trisomic region lacks a pairing partner, but in one case, spermatocytes have an extra (and unpaired) chromosome, while the two other models involve translocation of the trisomic region rather than an extra chromosome. An extra unpaired chromosome was always modified by phosphorylation of histone H2AX and lacked RNA PolII. But in the case of trisomic regions attached to a paired chromosome, assembly of these protein modifications was affected by the position of a trisomic region relative to a centromere and the physical extent of the unpaired chromatin. Analysis of gene expression in testes revealed that extra copy number alone was not sufficient for meiotic upregulation of genes in the trisomic interval. Additionally and unexpectedly, presence of meiotic gene silencing chromatin modifications was not sufficient for downregulation of genes in unpaired trisomic chromatin. Thus, the meiotic chromatin modifications that are cytologically visible are unlikely to be directly involved in sterility versus fertility of DS models. Finally, the presence of an extra unpaired chromosome, but not the presence of extra (trisomic) genes, caused global deregulation of transcription in spermatocytes. These results reveal mechanisms by which an extra chromosome, but not trisomic gene dose, impact on meiotic progress and infertility.
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Influence of sex on the meiotic segregation of a t(13;17) Robertsonian translocation: a case study in the pig. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2034-43. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Abnormal synapses and recombination in an azoospermic male carrier of a reciprocal translocation t(1;21). Fertil Steril 2009; 91:1293.e17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Burgoyne PS, Mahadevaiah SK, Turner JMA. The consequences of asynapsis for mammalian meiosis. Nat Rev Genet 2009; 10:207-16. [PMID: 19188923 DOI: 10.1038/nrg2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During mammalian meiosis, synapsis of paternal and maternal chromosomes and the generation of DNA breaks are needed to allow reshuffling of parental genes. In mammals errors in synapsis are associated with a male-biased meiotic impairment, which has been attributed to a response to persisting DNA double-stranded breaks in the asynapsed chromosome segments. Recently it was discovered that the chromatin of asynapsed chromosome segments is transcriptionally silenced, providing new insights into the connection between asynapsis and meiotic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Burgoyne
- Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA.
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