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Huang Z, Li Y, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Ma K, Li Q. Generation of cynomolgus monkey fetuses with intracytoplasmic sperm injection based on the MII-stage oocytes acquired by personalized superovulation protocol. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e48. [PMID: 32476321 PMCID: PMC7263921 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mature oocytes at the metaphase II status (MII-stage oocytes) played an important role in assisted reproductive technology in non-human primates. Objectives In order to improve the proportion of MII-stage oocytes retrieval, three different superovulation protocols were performed on 24 female cynomolgus monkeys. Methods All the monkeys received once-daily injection of follicle-stimulating hormone (25 international unit [IU]) on day 3 of the menstruation, 3-day intervals, twice daily for 8–12 days until the time of human chorionic gonadotropin (1,500 IU) injection, on the 14–17th day of menstruation collecting oocytes. The difference between protocol I and protocol II was that 0.1 mg the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist was injected on day 1 of the menstruation, while the difference between personalized superovulation protocol and protocol II was that oocytes could be collected on the 14–17th day of menstrual cycle according to the length of each monkey. Results The total number of oocytes harvested using the personalized superovulation protocol was much higher than that using protocol I (p < 0.05), and the proportion of MII-stage oocytes was significantly greater than that from either superovulation protocol I or II (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively), while the proportion of immature oocytes at the germinal vesicle was less than that from superovulation protocol I (p < 0.05). Conclusions The personalized superovulation protocol could increase the rate of MII-stage oocytes acquired, and successfully develop into embryos after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and eventually generated fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqiong Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Qinfang Jiang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Kaili Ma
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China.
| | - Qihan Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China.
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2
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Daughtry BL, Rosenkrantz JL, Lazar NH, Fei SS, Redmayne N, Torkenczy KA, Adey A, Yan M, Gao L, Park B, Nevonen KA, Carbone L, Chavez SL. Single-cell sequencing of primate preimplantation embryos reveals chromosome elimination via cellular fragmentation and blastomere exclusion. Genome Res 2019; 29:367-382. [PMID: 30683754 PMCID: PMC6396419 DOI: 10.1101/gr.239830.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy that arises during meiosis and/or mitosis is a major contributor to early embryo loss. We previously showed that human preimplantation embryos encapsulate missegregated chromosomes into micronuclei while undergoing cellular fragmentation and that fragments can contain chromosomal material, but the source of this DNA was unknown. Here, we leveraged the use of a nonhuman primate model and single-cell DNA-sequencing (scDNA-seq) to examine the chromosomal content of 471 individual samples comprising 254 blastomeres, 42 polar bodies, and 175 cellular fragments from a large number (N = 50) of disassembled rhesus cleavage-stage embryos. Our analysis revealed that the aneuploidy and micronucleation frequency is conserved between humans and macaques, and that fragments encapsulate whole and/or partial chromosomes lost from blastomeres. Single-cell/fragment genotyping showed that these chromosome-containing cellular fragments (CCFs) can be maternally or paternally derived and display double-stranded DNA breaks. DNA breakage was further indicated by reciprocal subchromosomal losses/gains between blastomeres and large segmental errors primarily detected at the terminal ends of chromosomes. By combining time-lapse imaging with scDNA-seq, we determined that multipolar divisions at the zygote or two-cell stage were associated with CCFs and generated a random mixture of chromosomally normal and abnormal blastomeres with uniparental or biparental origins. Despite frequent chromosome missegregation at the cleavage-stage, we show that CCFs and nondividing aneuploid blastomeres showing extensive DNA damage are prevented from incorporation into blastocysts. These findings suggest that embryos respond to chromosomal errors by encapsulation into micronuclei, elimination via cellular fragmentation, and selection against highly aneuploid blastomeres to overcome chromosome instability during preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Daughtry
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Jimi L Rosenkrantz
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Nathan H Lazar
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Suzanne S Fei
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Nash Redmayne
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Kristof A Torkenczy
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Andrew Adey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Melissa Yan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Byung Park
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Kimberly A Nevonen
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Lucia Carbone
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA.,Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Division of Primate Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
| | - Shawn L Chavez
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA.,Department and Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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Variations of chromatin, tubulin and actin structures in primate oocytes arrested during in vitro maturation and fertilization—what is this telling us about the relationships between cytoskeletal and chromatin meiotic defects? Theriogenology 2012; 77:1297-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dupont C, Harvey AJ, Armant DR, Zelinski MB, Brenner CA. Expression profiles of cohesins, shugoshins and spindle assembly checkpoint genes in rhesus macaque oocytes predict their susceptibility for aneuploidy during embryonic development. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:740-8. [PMID: 22327397 PMCID: PMC3318107 DOI: 10.4161/cc.11.4.19207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High frequencies of chromosomal anomalies are reported in human and non-human primate in vitro-produced preimplantation embryos. It is unclear why certain embryos develop aneuploidies while others remain euploid. A differential susceptibility to aneuploidy is most likely a consequence of events that occur before oocyte collection. One hypothesis is that the relative transcript levels of cohesins, shugoshins and spindle assembly checkpoint genes are correlated with the occurrence of chromosomal anomalies. Transcript levels of these genes were quantified in individual oocytes that were either mature (group 1, low aneuploidy rate) or immature (group 2, high aneuploidy rate) at retrieval, utilizing TaqMan-based real-time PCR. The transcript level in each oocyte was categorized as absent, below the median or above the median in order to conduct comparisons. Statistically significant differences were observed between group 1 and group 2 for SGOL1 and BUB1. There were more oocytes with SGOL1 expression levels above the median in group 1, while oocytes lacking BUB1 were only observed in group 1. These findings suggest that higher SGOL1 levels in group 1 oocytes could better protect against a premature separation of sister chromatids than in embryos derived from group 2 oocytes. The absence of BUB1 transcripts in group 1 was frequently associated with reduced expression of either mitotic cohesins or shugoshins. We hypothesize that ablation of BUB1 could induce mitotic arrest in oocytes that fail to express a complete complement of cohesins and shugoshins, thereby reducing the number of developing aneuploid preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dupont
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Abstract
Nonhuman primates are the closest relatives to humans and therefore our most evolutionary close cousins. While marvelous insights are gleaned from studying rodents and other systems, it is impossible to envision how those mechanistic findings can be responsibly translated to the clinic without the appropriate use of nonhuman primates. Thankfully, noninvasive technologies now permit nonhuman primate studies without endangering the model itself. Work with primates is predicted to continue to lead the fields of reproductive and regenerative medicine for the rest of the twenty-first century.
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6
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Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHP) are the closest animal species to humans and have been widely used for studying human reproductive physiology. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Old World NHPs provides great opportunity for studying fertilization, embryo development, embryonic stem cell (ESC) derivation for regenerative medicine, somatic cell nuclear transfer (cloning), and transgenic NHP models of inherited genetic disorders. Here we present two ART protocols developed for rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and baboon (Papio cynocephalus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Cheng Arthur Chang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Mantzouratou A, Delhanty JDA. Aneuploidy in the human cleavage stage embryo. Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 133:141-8. [PMID: 21293113 DOI: 10.1159/000323794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cleavage stage embryo (days 1-3) stands out due to the high level of chromosomal anomalies, especially mosaicism that arises prior to global embryonic genome activation. Molecular cytogenetic studies show that an average of 60% of in vitro derived embryos have at least one aneuploid cell by the time they are 3 days old. However, comprehensive studies of the chromosome content of individual cells have revealed that 25% of these embryos have no aneuploid cells, a fact that sits well with the knowledge that at most 1 in 5 have the capacity to implant. The evidence is that extensive mosaicism, affecting several chromosomes, interferes with development to a greater extent than does uniform aneuploidy. Follow-up studies on embryos after pre-implantation genetic aneuploidy screening indicate that the frequency of meiotic errors varies according to the referral reason, with the highest frequency being recorded for the recurrent miscarriage category and the lowest in the repeated implantation failure group where younger women have a good response to ovarian stimulation. The exceptionally high incidence of pre- and post-zygotic chromosomal anomalies seen in early human embryos is thus the product of several mechanisms. Firstly, the error-prone cell cycle during the embryonic cleavage stage and secondly, parental susceptibility to meiotic and mitotic chromosomal instability together with their general genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mantzouratou
- Fetal and Maternal Medicine, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
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Li M, Li Y, Ma SY, Feng HL, Yang HJ, Wu KL, Zhong WX, Che L, Chen ZJ. Evaluation of the developmental potential of metaphase I oocytes from stimulated intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Reprod Fertil Dev 2011; 23:433-7. [DOI: 10.1071/rd10228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the developmental potential and clinical application value of metaphase I (MI) oocytes obtained from stimulated intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. ICSI was performed on MI oocytes immediately after denudation (Group A), or on in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes following culture; oocytes in culture were further divided into two groups, being cultured for either 3–5 h (Group B) or 24–28 h (Group C). Metaphase II oocytes from the same cycle(s) isolated for ICSI served as the control group (Group D). The rates of normal fertilisation, cleavage and high-quality embryos were compared among the four groups. High-quality embryos were transferred whenever possible, and pregnancy rates were evaluated. Results showed that normal fertilisation rates for Groups B, C and D were significantly higher than that of Group A (68.6%, 57.8%, 74.5% and 30.1%, respectively; P < 0.01). The rate of high-quality embryos in Group B was comparable with Group D; the rate for Group C was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P < 0.05). Two clinical pregnancies were achieved after transfer of embryos from IVM oocytes. In vitro maturation of MI oocytes for a short period of time may increase the number of available embryos; however, overnight in vitro culture of MI oocytes did not improve results.
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Nichols S, Harvey A, Gierbolini L, Gonzalez-Martinez J, Brenner C, Bavister B. Long-distance transportation of primate embryos developing in culture: a preliminary study. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 20:365-70. [PMID: 20093089 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-human primate embryos are invaluable for conducting research relevant to human infertility and stem cells, but their availability is restricted. In this preliminary study, rhesus monkey embryos were produced by IVF at the Caribbean Primate Research Centre and shipped in tubes of gassed culture medium within a battery-powered transport incubator by overnight courier to Wayne State University in Michigan. Upon arrival, the embryos were incubated in fresh culture medium to evaluate further development. In 11 shipments comprising 98 cleavage-stage embryos developing from oocytes that were mature (MII) upon collection, 51 (52%) reached advanced preimplantation stages (morula to hatched blastocyst) during prolonged culture following transportation. However, most embryos produced from oocytes that were immature (MI) at collection arrested and only 5/51 (10%) reached advanced stages of development. This study demonstrates that non-cryopreserved primate embryos can be routinely transported between distant sites without loss of developmental ability. In this way, the processes of production and study of non-cryopreserved primate embryos need not be restricted to the same or nearby laboratories. This will expand the use of these embryos for research and facilitate generation of translationally relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Nichols
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, Sabana Seca, PR 00952, Puerto Rico.
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Ben-Yehudah A, Navara CS, Redinger CJ, Mich-Basso JD, Castro CA, Oliver S, Chensny LJ, Richards TJ, Kaminski N, Schatten G. Pluripotency genes overexpressed in primate embryonic stem cells are localized on homologues of human chromosomes 16, 17, 19, and X. Stem Cell Res 2009; 4:25-37. [PMID: 19854689 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are predisposed toward chromosomal aneploidities on 12, 17, 20, and X, rendering them susceptible to transformation, the specific genes expressed are not yet known. Here, by identifying the genes overexpressed in pluripotent rhesus ESCs (nhpESCs) and comparing them both to their genetically identical differentiated progeny (teratoma fibroblasts) and to genetically related differentiated parental cells (parental skin fibroblasts from whom gametes were used for ESC derivation), we find that some of those overexpressed genes in nhpESCs cluster preferentially on rhesus chromosomes 16, 19, 20, and X, homologues of human chromosomes 17, 19, 16, and X, respectively. Differentiated parental skin fibroblasts display gene expression profiles closer to nhpESC profiles than to teratoma cells, which are genetically identical to the pluripotent nhpESCs. Twenty over- and underexpressed pluripotency modulators, some implicated in neurogenesis, have been identified. The overexpression of some of these genes discovered using pedigreed nhpESCs derived from prime embryos generated by fertile primates, which is impossible to perform with the anonymously donated clinically discarded embryos from which hESCs are derived, independently confirms the importance of chromosome 17 and X regions in pluripotency and suggests specific candidates for targeting differentiation and transformation decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmi Ben-Yehudah
- Pittsburgh Development Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Dupont C, Segars J, DeCherney A, Bavister BD, Armant DR, Brenner CA. Incidence of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal nonhuman primate preimplantation embryos. Fertil Steril 2009; 93:2545-50. [PMID: 19732891 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the exact rates of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal rhesus macaque embryos by determining the chromosomal complement of all blastomeres. DESIGN Retrospective rhesus monkey IVF study. SETTING Academic laboratory and primate research center. PATIENT(S) Young fertile rhesus macaque females. INTERVENTION(S) Morphologically normal in vitro-produced rhesus macaque embryos were dissociated and cytogenetically assessed using a five-color fluorescent in situ hybridization assay developed for rhesus macaque chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 13, 16, 18, X, and Y. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The incidence and extent of chromosomal mosaicism in rhesus macaque preimplantation embryos. RESULT(S) Seventy-seven preimplantation embryos, displaying normal morphology and development, from 17 young rhesus macaque females were analyzed. Overall, 39 embryos (50.6%) were normal, 14 embryos (18.2%) were completely abnormal, and 24 embryos (31.2%) were mosaic. Of the 226 blastomeres analyzed in the mosaic group, 110 blastomeres (48.7%) were normal. CONCLUSION(S) The observed rate of mosaicism in good-quality rhesus embryos resembles previously documented frequencies in poor-quality human preimplantation embryos. A high incidence of mosaicism may limit the diagnostic accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathérine Dupont
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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