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Belani MA, Shah P, Banker M, Gupta SS. Investigating the potential role of swertiamarin on insulin resistant and non-insulin resistant granulosa cells of poly cystic ovarian syndrome patients. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:55. [PMID: 36932437 PMCID: PMC10024427 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Conventional drugs have limitations due to prevalence of contraindications in PCOS patients. To explore the potential effects of swertiamarin, on abrupted insulin and steroidogenic signaling in human luteinized granulosa cells from PCOS patients with or without insulin resistance. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE hLGCs from 8 controls and 16 PCOS patients were classified for insulin resistance based on down regulation of protein expression of insulin receptor-β (INSR- β) as shown in our previous paper. Cells were grouped as control, PCOS-IR and PCOS-NIR, treated with swertiamarin (66 µM) and metformin (1 mM). Expression of key molecules involved in insulin signaling, fat metabolism, IGF system and steroidogenesis were compared between groups. RESULTS Swertiamarin significantly (P < 0.05) reversed the expression of INSR-β, PI(3)K, p-Akt, PKC-ζ, PPARγ, (P < 0.01) IRS (Ser 307) and IGF system in PCOS-IR group and was equally potent to metformin. In the same group, candidate genes viz SREBP1c, FAS, ACC-1 and CPT-1 were down regulated by swertiamarin (P < 0.001) and metformin (P < 0.001). Significant upregulation was demonstrated in expression of StAR, CYP19A1, 17β-HSD and 3β-HSD when treated with swertiamarin (P < 0.01) and metformin (P < 0.01) in PCOS-IR followed by increase in 17β-HSD and 3β-HSD enzyme activity along with estradiol and progesterone secretions. However, swertiamarin did not reveal any effect on PCOS-NIR group as compared to metformin that significantly (P < 0.01) reversed all the parameters related to steroidogenesis and down regulated basal expression of insulin signaling genes. CONCLUSION Swertiamarin, presents itself as a potential fertility drug in hLGCs from PCOS-IR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskaan A. Belani
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601Dr. Vikram Sarabhai Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390 002 India
| | - Preeti Shah
- Nova IVI Fertility, Behind Xavier’s Ladies Hostel, 108, Swastik Society Rd, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 390009 Gujarat India
| | - Manish Banker
- Nova IVI Fertility, Behind Xavier’s Ladies Hostel, 108, Swastik Society Rd, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 390009 Gujarat India
| | - Sarita S. Gupta
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601Dr. Vikram Sarabhai Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390 002 India
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Cheng J, Li C, Ying Y, Lv J, Qu X, McGowan E, Lin Y, Zhu X. Metformin Alleviates Endometriosis and Potentiates Endometrial Receptivity via Decreasing VEGF and MMP9 and Increasing Leukemia Inhibitor Factor and HOXA10. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750208. [PMID: 35273494 PMCID: PMC8902464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis affects endometrial receptivity, a key factor for successful embryo implantation. Metformin treatment is associated with alleviating the symptoms of endometriosis; however the mechanism of metformin action is unclear. Neoangiogenesis plays an important role in the development and recurrence of endometriosis. In addition, the leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) and HOXA10 genes are also distinguishing markers of endometriosis (decrease) and endometrial receptivity (increase). This study investigated the therapeutic potentials of metformin and the underlying mechanism using an in vivo rat endometriosis model. Methods: Female Wistar albino mature rats with experimentally induced endometriosis were used in this study. Metformin was administered at doses of 100 mg/kg/d and 200 mg/kg/d. The volume of endometriotic implants was assessed. The protein and mRNA expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), the endometrial receptivity markers, LIF and HOXA10, were measured in the endometrium of rats with endometriosis. Results: Metformin treatment significantly suppressed the growth of endometriotic implants. Further, the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 protein and mRNA in endometriotic implants were significantly reduced. Metformin also significantly upregulated LIF and HOXA10 expression in endometrium from rats with endometriosis. The inhibitory effect of metformin on the growth of endometriotic implants, VEGF and MMP-9, and upregulating effect on LIF and HOXA10, was optimal at a dose of 100 mg/kg/d. Conclusion: Our in vivo data demonstrates that metformin treatment alleviates endometriosis and potentiates endometrial receptivity. The underlying mechanisms are associated with decreased expression of VEGF and MMP-9 genes and upregulation of the LIF and HOXA10 genes. The effect of metformin was optimal at 100 mg/kg/d. These findings provide a potential alternative for women with endometriosis with the potential to increase fertility. Metformin is an approved drug by FDA for diabetes and this study may add another potential clinical use for metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianqin Qu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eileen McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhu Q, Yao Y, Xu L, Wu H, Wang W, He Y, Wang Y, Lu Y, Qi J, Ding Y, Li X, Huang J, Zhao H, Du Y, Sun K, Sun Y. Elevated SAA1 promotes the development of insulin resistance in ovarian granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:4. [PMID: 34980155 PMCID: PMC8721971 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) contributes to ovarian dysfunctions in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) is an acute phase protein produced primarily by the liver in response to inflammation. In addition to its role in inflammation, SAA1 may participate in IR development in peripheral tissues. Yet, expressional regulation of SAA1 in the ovary and its role in the pathogenesis of ovarian IR in PCOS remain elusive. METHODS Follicular fluid, granulosa cells and peripheral venous blood were collected from PCOS and non-PCOS patients with and without IR to measure SAA1 abundance for analysis of its correlation with IR status. The effects of SAA1 on its own expression and insulin signaling pathway were investigated in cultured primary granulosa cells. RESULTS Ovarian granulosa cells were capable of producing SAA1, which could be induced by SAA1 per se. Moreover, the abundance of SAA1 significantly increased in granulosa cells and follicular fluid in PCOS patients with IR. SAA1 treatment significantly attenuated insulin-stimulated membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4 and glucose uptake in granulosa cells through induction of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expression with subsequent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. These effects of SAA1 could be blocked by inhibitors for toll-like receptors 2/4 (TLR 2/4) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B (NF-κB). CONCLUSIONS Human granulosa cells are capable of feedforward production of SAA1, which significantly increased in PCOS patients with IR. Excessive SAA1 reduces insulin sensitivity in granulosa cells via induction of PTEN and subsequent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation upon activation of TLR2/4 and NF-κB pathway. These findings highlight that elevation of SAA1 in the ovary promotes the development of IR in granulosa cells of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinling Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Hasiximuke Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangsheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaan Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanting Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Zeng Z, Zhao S, Tang L, Yan J, Li N, Zou L, Fan X, Xu C, Huang J, Xia W, Zhu C, Rao M. Humanin Alleviates Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Human and Rat Model-Based Study. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqab056. [PMID: 33693742 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is characterized by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance (IR); however, the pathogenesis of local ovarian IR in PCOS remains largely unclear. Humanin, a mitochondria-derived peptide, has been reported to be associated with IR. Our previous study confirmed that humanin is expressed in multiple cell types in the ovary and is present in follicular fluid. However, it remains unknown whether humanin participates in the pathogenesis of local ovarian IR or whether humanin supplementation can improve IR in PCOS patients. In this study, we compared humanin concentrations in follicular fluid from PCOS patients with and without IR. We further investigated the effect of humanin analogue (HNG) supplementation on IR in a rat model of dehydroepiandrosterone-induced PCOS. Humanin concentrations in the follicular fluid were found to be significantly lower in PCOS patients with IR than in those without IR. HNG supplementation attenuated both the increases in the levels of fasting plasma glucose and fasting insulin in rats with PCOS and the decreases in phosphorylation of IRS1, PI3K, AKT, and GLUT4 proteins in the granulosa cells of these rats. Combined supplementation with HNG and insulin significantly improved glucose consumption in normal and humanin-siRNA-transfected COV434 cells. In conclusion, downregulated humanin in the ovaries may be involved in the pathogenesis of IR in PCOS, and exogenous supplementation with HNG improved local ovarian IR through modulation of the IRS1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a rat model. This finding supports the potential future use of HNG as a therapeutic drug for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhengyan Zeng
- Department of General Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Shuhua Zhao
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Nianyu Li
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liping Zou
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chengcheng Xu
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Changhong Zhu
- Reproductive Health Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meng Rao
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
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5
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Lambrou GI, Adamaki M, Hatziagapiou K, Vlahopoulos S. Gene Expression and Resistance to Glucocorticoid-Induced Apoptosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Brief Review and Update. Curr Drug Res Rev 2021; 12:131-149. [PMID: 32077838 DOI: 10.2174/2589977512666200220122650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to glucocorticoid (GC)-induced apoptosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), is considered one of the major prognostic factors for the disease. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid and one of the most important agents in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The mechanics of GC resistance are largely unknown and intense ongoing research focuses on this topic. AIM The aim of the present study is to review some aspects of GC resistance in ALL, and in particular of Prednisolone, with emphasis on previous and present knowledge on gene expression and signaling pathways playing a role in the phenomenon. METHODS An electronic literature search was conducted by the authors from 1994 to June 2019. Original articles and systematic reviews selected, and the titles and abstracts of papers screened to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved. RESULTS Identification of gene targets responsible for glucocorticoid resistance may allow discovery of drugs, which in combination with glucocorticoids may increase the effectiveness of anti-leukemia therapies. The inherent plasticity of clinically evolving cancer justifies approaches to characterize and prevent undesirable activation of early oncogenic pathways. CONCLUSION Study of the pattern of intracellular signal pathway activation by anticancer drugs can lead to development of efficient treatment strategies by reducing detrimental secondary effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- George I Lambrou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Hatziagapiou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Athens, Greece
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6
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Zhang R, Wesevich V, Chen Z, Zhang D, Kallen AN. Emerging roles for noncoding RNAs in female sex steroids and reproductive disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110875. [PMID: 32668269 PMCID: PMC7609472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The "central dogma" of molecular biology, that is, that DNA blueprints encode messenger RNAs which are destined for translation into protein, has been challenged in recent decades. In actuality, a significant portion of the genome encodes transcripts that are transcribed into functional RNA. These noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are not transcribed into protein, play critical roles in a wide variety of biological processes. A growing body of evidence derived from mouse models and human data demonstrates that ncRNAs are dysregulated in various reproductive pathologies, and that their expression is essential for female gametogenesis and fertility. Yet in many instances it is unclear how dysregulation of ncRNA expression leads to a disease process. In this review, we highlight new observations regarding the roles of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of disordered female steroid hormone production and disease, with an emphasis on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). We will focus our discussion in the context of three ovarian disorders which are characterized in part by altered steroid hormone biology - diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian insufficiency, and polycystic ovary syndrome. We will also discuss the limitations and challenges faced in studying noncoding RNAs and sex steroid hormone production. An enhanced understanding of the role of ncRNAs in sex hormone regulatory networks is essential in order to advance the development of potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for diseases, including those in reproductive health. Our deepened understanding of ncRNAs has the potential to uncover new applications and therapies; however, in many cases, the next steps will involve distinguishing critical ncRNAs from those which are merely changing in response to a particular disease state, or which are altogether unrelated to disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runju Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1st Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Victoria Wesevich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhaojuan Chen
- Department of Gynecology. Beijing Haidian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1st Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Amanda N Kallen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Daneshjou D, Zadeh Modarres S, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Shariat Zadeh SMA. Comparing the effect of sitagliptin and metformin on the oocyte and embryo quality in classic PCOS patients undergoing ICSI. Ir J Med Sci 2020; 190:685-692. [PMID: 32720198 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance plays a major role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Therefore, there is a growing interest in the use of insulin sensitizer drugs in the treatment of PCOS. Research in recent years has shown that sitagliptin has been reported to improve ovarian cycles and ovulation in PCOS patients. AIMS We aimed to compare the effects of metformin and sitagliptin on PCOS individuals undergoing ICSI. METHODS Sixty PCOS patients were divided into 3 groups: metformin, sitagliptin, and placebo group. Treatment was carried out 2 months before the start of the ovulation cycle and continued until the day of oocyte aspiration. The serum levels of total testosterone, estradiol, and fasting insulin along with the total number of retrieved, normal and abnormal MII, and fertilized oocytes, the number of transferred embryos (grades I, II and III), and biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates as well as the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were evaluated. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the serum levels of Insulin and total testosterone in the treated groups compared with the placebo. The number of mature and normal MII oocytes increased significantly in the treated groups compared with the placebo. Moreover, the number of immature oocytes decreased significantly and the number of grade I embryos increases significantly in the sitagliptin group compared with the placebo group. CONCLUSION We conclude that sitagliptin can improve the maturation of oocytes and embryos' quality more effectively than metformin, in PCOS patients undergoing ICSI. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration is NCT04268563 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Delbar Daneshjou
- Department of Biologyt, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Zadeh Modarres
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Zhang C, Hu J, Wang W, Sun Y, Sun K. HMGB1-induced aberrant autophagy contributes to insulin resistance in granulosa cells in PCOS. FASEB J 2020; 34:9563-9574. [PMID: 32469087 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000605rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) disrupts ovarian functions in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The contributing factors remains elusive. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, has been shown to be related to IR and autophagy, respectively, in peripheral tissues. Here, we investigated whether increased HMGB1 contributes to IR in granulosa cells of PCOS patients via induction of aberrant autophagy. Results showed that HMGB1 abundance in the follicular fluid was significantly increased with enhanced autophagy in granulosa cells in PCOS patients with IR. HMGB1 exacerbated autophagy in granulosa cells as evinced by increased LC3B II/I ratio and ATG7 as well as decreased p62, the markers for autophagy. Concurrently, HMGB1 impaired insulin sensitivities by attenuating the abundance of insulin receptor substrate-1, Akt phosphorylation, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake in granulosa cells, which were reversed by blocking autophagy pathways with siRNA-mediated knockdown of ATG7 or with chloroquine and bafilomycin A1, the lysosome inhibitors. In conclusion, our results indicate that increased HMGB1 contributes to IR development in granulosa cells of PCOS patients, which is associated with exacerbation of autophagy by HMGB1. Control of HMGB1 production may be benefical for the improvement of insulin sensitivity in granulosa cells in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Wangsheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
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9
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Li X, Zhu Q, Wang W, Qi J, He Y, Wang Y, Lu Y, Wu H, Ding Y, Sun Y. Elevated chemerin induces insulin resistance in human granulosa-lutein cells from polycystic ovary syndrome patients. FASEB J 2019; 33:11303-11313. [PMID: 31311314 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802829r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The insulin resistance (IR) of ovarian granulosa cells from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) aggravates the abnormalities in steroidogenesis and anovulation, and chemerin is an adipokine involved in regulating adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis. The role and underlying mechanism of chemerin in developing IR of the granulosa cells from PCOS remain unclear. Plasma, follicular fluid, and human granulosa-lutein cells (hGLs) were collected from non-PCOS and patients with PCOS with or without IR. The chemerin levels were elevated in both follicular fluid and hGL samples from patients with PCOS with IR, and the hGLs from patients with PCOS with IR showed decreased insulin sensitivity and impaired glucose uptake capacity. Moreover, treatment of chemerin attenuated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by decreasing phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1/2 Tyr612, phosphorylation of protein kinase B Ser473, and membrane translocation of glucose transporter type 4 through increasing Ser307 phosphorylation of IRS1 in cultured hGLs. These effects could be abolished by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of chemokine-like receptor 1. Furthermore, insulin induced the expression of chemerin in hGLs. Our findings demonstrate a novel role of chemerin in the metabolic dysfunction of PCOS, which suggested that chemerin and its receptor can be further implicated as potential therapeutic targets in the future treatment of PCOS.-Li, X., Zhu, Q., Wang, W., Qi, J., He, Y., Wang, Y., Lu, Y., Wu, H., Ding, Y., Sun, Y. Elevated chemerin induces insulin resistance in human granulosa-lutein cells from polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinling Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangsheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Hasiximuke Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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10
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Bou Nemer L, Shi H, Carr BR, Word RA, Bukulmez O. Effect of Body Weight on Metabolic Hormones and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Follicular Fluid of Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Pilot Study. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:404-411. [PMID: 29779472 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118776787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is an epidemic affecting more than one-third of adults in the United States. Obese women experience decreased fertility, explained in part by oocyte quality. Since follicular fluid (FF) provides an important microenvironment for oocyte growth, we sought to evaluate the effect of increased body weight on FF levels of 11 metabolic hormones and fatty acid metabolism. METHODS The FF was collected from 25 women (10 normal weight, 10 overweight, and 5 obese) with diminished ovarian reserve undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) following a minimal stimulation protocol. Hormone levels were determined by multiplex immunoassay using the MAGPIX (Luminex, Austin, Texas) instrument. Fatty acid metabolites were determined using gas and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. RESULTS Levels of hormones related to glucose and energy homeostasis and regulation of fat stores (insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1, C-peptide, and leptin) were increased significantly in FF from obese women compared to FF from nonobese(normal weight and overweight) women. Interestingly, FF levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) isoleucine, leucine, and valine as well as uric acid, isocaproic acid, butanoic acid, tyrosine, threonine, glycine, and methionine correlated positively with body mass index. CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrates significant alterations in the FF milieu of obese women undergoing IVF, which may contribute to the decreased fecundity of obese women. Although the impact of this environment on oocyte and embryo development is not fully realized, these changes may also lead to imprinting at the genomic level and long-term sequelae on offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurice Bou Nemer
- 1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and the Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Haolin Shi
- 1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and the Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruce Richard Carr
- 1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and the Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Ann Word
- 1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and the Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Orhan Bukulmez
- 1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and the Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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11
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Kong L, Wang Q, Jin J, Xiang Z, Chen T, Shen S, Wang H, Gao Q, Wang Y. Insulin resistance enhances the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in ovarian granulosa cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188029. [PMID: 29125859 PMCID: PMC5695281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovary is the main regulator of female fertility. Granulosa cell dysfunction may be involved in various reproductive endocrine disorders. Here we investigated the effect of insulin resistance on the metabolism and function of ovarian granulosa cells, and dissected the functional status of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in these cells. Our data showed that dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in mouse granulosa cells reduced insulin sensitivity, accompanied with an increase in phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, up-regulation of cytochrome P450 subfamily 17 and testosterone and down-regulation of progesterone were observed in insulin-resistant mouse granulosa cells. Inhibition of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase after induction of insulin resistance in mouse granulosa cells decreased phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase, downregulated cytochrome P450 subfamily 17 and lowered progesterone production. This insulin resistance cell model can successfully demonstrate certain mechanisms such as hyperandrogenism, which may inspire a new strategy for treating reproductive endocrine disorders by regulating cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qien Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiewen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Taoyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanmei Shen
- Divisions of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Insulin signalling and glucose transport in the ovary and ovarian function during the ovarian cycle. Biochem J 2017; 473:1483-501. [PMID: 27234585 PMCID: PMC4888492 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Data derived principally from peripheral tissues (fat, muscle and liver) show that insulin signals via diverse interconnecting intracellular pathways and that some of the major intersecting points (known as critical nodes) are the IRSs (insulin receptor substrates), PI3K (phosphoinositide kinase)/Akt and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase). Most of these insulin pathways are probably also active in the ovary and their ability to interact with each other and also with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) signalling pathways enables insulin to exert direct modulating influences on ovarian function. The present paper reviews the intracellular actions of insulin and the uptake of glucose by ovarian tissues (granulosa, theca and oocyte) during the oestrous/menstrual cycle of some rodent, primate and ruminant species. Insulin signals through diverse pathways and these are discussed with specific reference to follicular cell types (granulosa, theca and oocyte). The signalling pathways for FSH in granulosa cells and LH in granulosa and theca cells are summarized. The roles of glucose and of insulin-mediated uptake of glucose in folliculogenesis are discussed. It is suggested that glucose in addition to its well-established role of providing energy for cellular function may also have insulin-mediated signalling functions in ovarian cells, involving AMPK (AMP-dependent protein kinase) and/or hexosamine. Potential interactions of insulin signalling with FSH or LH signalling at critical nodes are identified and the available evidence for such interactions in ovarian cells is discussed. Finally the action of the insulin-sensitizing drugs metformin and the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone on follicular cells is reviewed.
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13
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Jacob SL, Brewer C, Tang T, Picton HM, Barth JH, Balen AH. A short course of metformin does not reduce OHSS in a GnRH antagonist cycle for women with PCOS undergoing IVF: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2756-2764. [PMID: 27816925 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does 'metformin' reduce the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing a GnRH antagonist assisted conception treatment cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER A short course of metformin does not reduce the incidence of OHSS for women with PCOS undergoing a GnRH antagonist treatment cycle. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Metformin does reduce the incidence of OHSS in a GnRH-agonist treatment cycle. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A randomised placebo-controlled trial (RCT) using metformin or placebo. Randomisation was blinded to both patient and investigator, using a random permuted blocks method with a 50:50 allocation ratio. The study was completed over 5 years (2009-2014) with 153 randomised patients. A sample size calculation based on the incidence of OHSS was completed prospectively suggesting a minimum of 146 recruits was required for the trial with a power of 80% and a type 1 error of 0.05. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS All patients met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS and were treated with a standard GnRH antagonist IVF/ICSI treatment cycle in a tertiary infertility clinic. The study medication was started prior to stimulation and continued to oocyte retrieval. Of the 153 patients, 77 received metformin and 76 placebo. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There was no reduction in the incidence of moderate-severe OHSS (Placebo (PLA) 12.2%, metformin (MET) = 16%, 95% CI -0.08-0.16, P = 0.66). There was no difference in total gonadotrophin dose (PLA = 1200, MET = 1200, 95% CI -118.67-118.67, P = 0.75), oocytes retrieved (PLA = 15, MET = 14, 95% CI -2.37-4.37, P = 0.66) or fertilisation rate (PLA = 60.7%, MET = 53.3%, 95% CI -0.96-14.94, P = 0.07). However, using metformin resulted in a reduced clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) per cycle started (PLA = 48.7%, MET = 28.6%, 95% CI 0.04-0.35, P = 0.02) and live birth rate (PLA = 51.6%, MET = 27.6%, 95% CI 0.05-0.40, P = 0.02). Furthermore, when ethnicity was taken into account there was a significant reduction in pregnancy outcome for the South Asian population irrespective of metformin or placebo use (CPR per cycle started, White Caucasian = 44.4%, South Asian = 19.4%; 95% CI 0.06-0.39, P = 0.01). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study was only undertaken on an infertility population with PCOS with a limited duration of study medication use. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first adequately powered RCT to assess the impact of metformin on OHSS in a high-risk group (women with PCOS) undergoing a GnRH antagonist cycle. It does not support the empirical prescribing of metformin as an adjunct to a GnRH antagonist treatment cycle. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS None. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER EudraCT number 2009-010952-81. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 21 September 2009. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT'S ENROLMENT 30 October 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Jacob
- Leeds Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK
| | - C Brewer
- Leeds Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK
| | - T Tang
- Regional Fertility Centre, Royal Maternity Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - H M Picton
- Leeds Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK
| | - J H Barth
- Blood Sciences, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
| | - A H Balen
- Leeds Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds LS14 6UH, UK
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Zhu Q, Zuo R, He Y, Wang Y, Chen ZJ, Sun Y, Sun K. Local Regeneration of Cortisol by 11β-HSD1 Contributes to Insulin Resistance of the Granulosa Cells in PCOS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:2168-77. [PMID: 26934392 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insulin resistance (IR) of the granulosa cells may account for the ovarian dysfunctions observed in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The underlying mechanism remains largely unresolved. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship of IR of the granulosa cells with cortisol in the follicular fluid and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (11β-HSD1 and -2) in the granulosa cells in PCOS. DESIGN Follicular fluid and granulosa cells were collected from non-PCOS and PCOS patients with and without IR to measure cortisol concentration and the amounts of 11β-HSD1 and -2, which were then correlated with IR status. The effects of cortisol on the expression of genes pertinent to IR were studied in cultured human granulosa cells. RESULTS Cortisol concentration in the follicular fluid, 11β-HSD1 but not 11β-HSD2 mRNA in the granulosa cells were significantly elevated in PCOS with IR. Increased reductase and decreased oxidase activities of 11β-HSD were observed in granulosa cells in PCOS with IR. In cultured granulosa cells, insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation was significantly attenuated by cortisol. Cortisol not only increased phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10, an inhibitor of Akt phosphorylation, but also 11β-HSD1 in the cells. CONCLUSIONS Increased 11β-HSD1 expression and its reductase activity in granulosa cells are the major causes of increased cortisol concentration in the follicular fluid of PCOS with IR. The consequent excessive cortisol might contribute to IR of the granulosa cells in PCOS patients by attenuating Akt phosphorylation via induction of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 expression, which might be further exacerbated by the induction of 11β-HSD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinling Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Rujuan Zuo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
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15
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Wang W, Wang S, Tan S, Wen M, Qian Y, Zeng X, Guo Y, Yu C. Detection of urine metabolites in polycystic ovary syndrome by UPLC triple-TOF-MS. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 448:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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