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Tyagi S, Sadhu S, Sharma T, Paul A, Pandey M, Nain VK, Rathore DK, Chatterjee S, Awasthi A, Pandey AK. VapC12 ribonuclease toxin modulates host immune response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302163. [PMID: 38515752 PMCID: PMC10955575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding of antibiotic persistence is a prerequisite in controlling the emergence of MDR cases in Tuberculosis (TB). We have reported that the cholesterol-induced activation of VapC12 ribonuclease is critical for disease persistence in TB. In this study, we observed that relative to the wild type, mice infected with ΔvapC12 induced a pro-inflammatory response, had a higher pathogen load, and responded better to the anti-TB treatment. In a high-dose infection model, all the mice infected with ΔvapC12 succumbed early to the disease. Finally, we reported that the above phenotype of ΔvapC12 was dependent on the presence of the TLR4 receptor. Overall, the data suggests that failure of a timely resolution of the early inflammation by the ΔvapC12 infected mice led to hyperinflammation, altered T-cell response and high bacterial load. In conclusion, our findings suggest the role of the VapC12 toxin in modulating the innate immune response of the host in ways that favor the long-term survival of the pathogen inside the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Tyagi
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Taruna Sharma
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhijit Paul
- Complex Analysis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manitosh Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhav Kumar Nain
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- Complex Analysis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Parveen S, Shen J, Lun S, Zhao L, Alt J, Koleske B, Leone RD, Rais R, Powell JD, Murphy JR, Slusher BS, Bishai WR. Glutamine metabolism inhibition has dual immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7427. [PMID: 37973991 PMCID: PMC10654700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most successful human pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved a diverse array of determinants to subvert host immunity and alter host metabolic patterns. However, the mechanisms of pathogen interference with host metabolism remain poorly understood. Here we show that a glutamine metabolism antagonist, JHU083, inhibits Mtb proliferation in vitro and in vivo. JHU083-treated mice exhibit weight gain, improved survival, a 2.5 log lower lung bacillary burden at 35 days post-infection, and reduced lung pathology. JHU083 treatment also initiates earlier T-cell recruitment, increased proinflammatory myeloid cell infiltration, and a reduced frequency of immunosuppressive myeloid cells when compared to uninfected and rifampin-treated controls. Metabolomic analysis of lungs from JHU083-treated Mtb-infected mice reveals citrulline accumulation, suggesting elevated nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and lowered levels of quinolinic acid which is derived from the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. JHU083-treated macrophages also produce more NO potentiating their antibacterial activity. When tested in an immunocompromised mouse model of Mtb infection, JHU083 loses its therapeutic efficacy suggesting the drug's host-directed effects are likely to be predominant. Collectively, these data reveal that JHU083-mediated glutamine metabolism inhibition results in dual antibacterial and host-directed activity against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Parveen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Shen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shichun Lun
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Koleske
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Leone
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Calico, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John R Murphy
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William R Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Parveen S, Shen J, Lun S, Zhao L, Koleske B, Leone RD, Rais R, Powell JD, Murphy JR, Slusher BS, Bishai WR. Glutamine metabolism inhibition has dual immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.23.529704. [PMID: 36865287 PMCID: PMC9980128 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most successful human pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved a diverse array of determinants to subvert host immunity and alter host metabolic patterns. However, the mechanisms of pathogen interference with host metabolism remain poorly understood. Here we show that a novel glutamine metabolism antagonist, JHU083, inhibits Mtb proliferation in vitro and in vivo. JHU083-treated mice exhibit weight gain, improved survival, a 2.5 log lower lung bacillary burden at 35 days post-infection, and reduced lung pathology. JHU083 treatment also initiates earlier T-cell recruitment, increased proinflammatory myeloid cell infiltration, and a reduced frequency of immunosuppressive myeloid cells when compared to uninfected and rifampin-treated controls. Metabolomics analysis of lungs from JHU083-treated Mtb-infected mice revealed reduced glutamine levels, citrulline accumulation suggesting elevated NOS activity, and lowered levels of quinolinic acid which is derived from the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. When tested in an immunocompromised mouse model of Mtb infection, JHU083 lost its therapeutic efficacy suggesting the drug's host-directed effects are likely to be predominant. Collectively, these data reveal that JHU083-mediated glutamine metabolism inhibition results in dual antibacterial and host-directed activity against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Parveen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jessica Shen
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Shichun Lun
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Benjamin Koleske
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Robert D. Leone
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Powell
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - John R. Murphy
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - William R. Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent an innate immune cell population comprised of immature myeloid cells and myeloid progenitors with very potent immunosuppressive potential. MDSCs are reported to be abundant in the lungs of active tuberculosis (TB) patients. We sought to perform an in-depth study of MDSCs during latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB (ATB) using the nonhuman primate (NHP) model of pulmonary TB. We found a higher proportion of granulocytic, polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in the lungs of ATB animals compared to those with LTBI or naive control animals. Active disease in the lung, but not LTBI, was furthermore associated with higher proliferation, expansion, and immunosuppressive capabilities of PMN-MDSCs, as shown by enhanced expression of Ki67, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These immunosuppressive PMN-MDSCs specifically localized to the lymphocytic cuff at the periphery of the granulomas in animals with ATB. Conversely, these cells were scarcely distributed in interstitial lung tissue and the inner core of granulomas. This spatial regulation suggests an important immunomodulatory role of PMN-MDSCs by restricting T cell access to the TB granuloma core and can potentially explain dysfunctional anti-TB responses in active granuloma. Our results raise the possibility that the presence of MDSCs can serve as a biomarker for ATB, while their disappearance can indicate successful therapy. Furthermore, MDSCs may serve as a potential target cell for adjunctive TB therapy.
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Muefong CN, Owolabi O, Donkor S, Charalambous S, Mendy J, Sey ICM, Bakuli A, Rachow A, Geldmacher C, Sutherland JS. Major Neutrophil-Derived Soluble Mediators Associate With Baseline Lung Pathology and Post-Treatment Recovery in Tuberculosis Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:740933. [PMID: 34887853 PMCID: PMC8650718 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The inflammatory response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in variable degrees of lung pathology during active TB (ATB) with central involvement of neutrophils. Little is known about neutrophil-derived mediators and their role in disease severity at baseline and recovery upon TB treatment initiation. Methods 107 adults with confirmed pulmonary TB were categorised based on lung pathology at baseline and following successful therapy using chest X-ray scores (Ralph scores) and GeneXpert bacterial load (Ct values). Plasma, sputum, and antigen-stimulated levels of MMP1, MMP3, MMP8, MMP9, MPO, S100A8/9, IL8, IL10, IL12/23(p40), GM-CSF, IFNγ, and TNF were analysed using multiplex cytokine arrays. Results At baseline, neutrophil counts correlated with plasma levels of MMP8 (rho = 0.45, p = 2.80E-06), S100A8 (rho = 0.52, p = 3.00E-08) and GM-CSF (rho = 0.43, p = 7.90E-06). Levels of MMP8 (p = 3.00E-03), MMP1 (p = 1.40E-02), S100A8 (p = 1.80E-02) and IL12/23(p40) (p = 1.00E-02) were associated with severe lung damage, while sputum MPO levels were directly linked to lung damage (p = 1.80E-03), Mtb load (p = 2.10E-02) and lung recovery (p = 2.40E-02). Six months of TB therapy significantly decreased levels of major neutrophil-derived pro-inflammatory mediators: MMP1 (p = 4.90E-12 and p = 2.20E-07), MMP8 (p = 3.40E-14 and p = 1.30E-05) and MMP9 (p = 1.60E-04 and p = 1.50E-03) in plasma and sputum, respectively. Interestingly, following H37Rv whole cell lysate stimulation, S100A8 (p = 2.80E-02), MMP9 (p = 3.60E-02) and MPO (p = 9.10E-03) levels at month 6 were significantly higher compared to baseline. Sputum MMP1 (p = 1.50E-03), MMP3 (p = 7.58E-04), MMP9 (p = 2.60E-02) and TNF (p = 3.80E-02) levels were lower at month 6 compared to baseline in patients with good lung recovery. Conclusion In this study, patients with severe lung pathology at baseline and persistent lung damage after treatment were associated with higher plasma and sputum levels of major pro-inflammatory neutrophil-derived mediators. Interestingly, low sputum MPO levels were associated with severe lung damage, higher Mtb burden and low recovery. Our data suggest that therapeutic agents which target these mediators should be considered for future studies on biomarkers and host-directed therapeutic approaches against TB-related lung pathology and/or lung recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Nwongbouwoh Muefong
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olumuyiwa Owolabi
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia
| | - Simon Donkor
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia
| | | | - Joseph Mendy
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia
| | - Isatou C M Sey
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia
| | - Abhishek Bakuli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,International Clinical Trials Unit, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Rachow
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,International Clinical Trials Unit, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Geldmacher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,International Clinical Trials Unit, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jayne S Sutherland
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Fajara, Gambia
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