Sousa RH, Souza LL, Guedes PT, Prado-Ribeiro AC, Rodrigues-Oliveira L, Brandão TB, Alves BW, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Monteiro JC, Gonçalves TT, Almeida OP. Oral Kaposi sarcoma development is associated with HIV viral load, CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021;
26:e748-e753. [PMID:
34704977 PMCID:
PMC8601642 DOI:
10.4317/medoral.24708]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an uncommon, multifocal and angioproliferative lesion, which demonstrates a poor prognosis. The aim of the present research was to explore the association of HIV viral load, CD4+ and CD8+ counts and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio on the risk of oral Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) development.
Material and Methods
A total of 62 patients were retrieved from March 2008 to October 2020 from the files of two oral pathology centres. Clinical, laboratory and follow-up data were retrieved from their medical files. Poisson regression was used to explore the role of history of immunosuppression and its association with oral KS development. A P-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Sixty-two patients were included in the present study (32 with oral KS and 30 with no presentation of lesions anywhere on the body). Patients with oral KS presented a mean age of 32.6 years, and male patients were more affected. The hard palate (15 cases; 46.8%) was the main anatomical site affected. The lesions were mostly presented as swellings (13 cases; 40.6%) and nodules (12 cases; 37.5%). Systemic manifestations were also observed, including candidiasis (4 cases; 12.5%), bacterial infection (3 cases; 9.3%), tuberculosis (3 cases; 9.3%), herpes simplex (3 cases; 9.3%) and pneumonia (3 cases; 9.3%). A significant correlation was observed between HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio with oral KS development.
Conclusions
HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio are associated with oral KS development.
Key words:Cancer, oral, Kaposi’s sarcoma, diagnostic.
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