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Schultzhaus J, Hervey J, Fears K, Spillmann C. Proteomic comparison of the organic matrices from parietal and base plates of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. Open Biol 2024; 14:230246. [PMID: 38806147 PMCID: PMC11293433 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Acorn barnacles are efficient colonizers on a wide variety of marine surfaces. As they proliferate on critical infrastructure, their settlement and growth have deleterious effects on performance. To address acorn barnacle biofouling, research has focused on the settlement and adhesion processes with the goal of informing the development of novel coatings. This effort has resulted in the discovery and characterization of several proteins found at the adhesive substrate interface, i.e. cement proteins, and a deepened understanding of the function and composition of the biomaterials within this region. While the adhesive properties at the interface are affected by the interaction between the proteins, substrate and mechanics of the calcified base plate, little attention has been given to the interaction between the proteins and the cuticular material present at the substrate interface. Here, the proteome of the organic matrix isolated from the base plate of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite is compared with the chitinous and proteinaceous matrix embedded within A. amphitrite parietal plates. The objective was to gain an understanding of how the basal organic matrix may be specialized for adhesion via an in-depth comparative proteome analysis. In general, the majority of proteins identified in the parietal matrix were also found in the basal organic matrix, including nearly all those grouped in classes of cement proteins, enzymes and pheromones. However, the parietal organic matrix was enriched with cuticle-associated proteins, of which ca 30% of those identified were unique to the parietal region. In contrast, ca 30-40% of the protease inhibitors, enzymes and pheromones identified in the basal organic matrix were unique to this region. Not unexpectedly, nearly 50% of the cement proteins identified in the basal region were significantly distinct from those found in the parietal region. The wider variety of identified proteins in the basal organic matrix indicates a greater diversity of biological function in the vicinity of the substrate interface where several processes related to adhesion, cuticle formation and expansion of the base synchronize to play a key role in organism survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Judson Hervey
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kenan Fears
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
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2
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Bhattacharya S, Rathore AS. A novel filter-assisted protein precipitation (FAPP) based sample pre-treatment method for LC-MS peptide mapping for biosimilar characterization. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115527. [PMID: 37364451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Establishing analytical and functional comparability serves as the foundation of biosimilar development. A critical part of this exercise is sequence similarity search and categorization of post-translational modifications (PTMs), often by peptide mapping using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). When performing bottom-up proteomic sample preparation, efficient digestion of the protein and extraction of peptides for subsequent mass spectrometric analysis can be a challenge. Conventional sample preparation strategies face the risk of allowing interference of chemicals which are essential for extraction but are likely to interfere with digestion, resulting in complex chromatographic profiles due to semi-cleavages, insufficient peptide cleavages, and other unwanted reactions. Further, peptide cleanup through commonly used immobilized C-18 pipette tips can cause significant peptide loss as well as variability in individual peptide yields, thereby causing artifacts of various product-related modifications. In this study, we proposed a simple enzymatic digestion technique by incorporating different molecular weight filters and protein precipitation, with the objective to minimize interference of denaturing, reducing, and alkylating agents throughout overnight digestion. As a result, the need for peptide cleanup is significantly reduced and results in higher peptide yield. The proposed FAPP approach outperformed the conventional method across multiple metrics including, 30% more peptides, 8.19% more fully digested peptides, 14% higher sequence coverage rate, and 11.82% more site-specific alterations. Quantitative and qualitative repeatability of the proposed approach have been demonstrated. It can be concluded that the filter-assisted protein precipitation (FAPP) protocol proposed in this study offers an effective substitute for the traditional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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3
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Bird LJ, Leary DH, Hervey J, Compton J, Phillips D, Tender LM, Voigt CA, Glaven SM. Marine Biofilm Engineered to Produce Current in Response to Small Molecules. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:1007-1020. [PMID: 36926839 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineered electroactive bacteria have potential applications ranging from sensing to biosynthesis. In order to advance the use of engineered electroactive bacteria, it is important to demonstrate functional expression of electron transfer modules in chassis adapted to operationally relevant conditions, such as non-freshwater environments. Here, we use the Shewanella oneidensis electron transfer pathway to induce current production in a marine bacterium, Marinobacter atlanticus, during biofilm growth in artificial seawater. Genetically encoded sensors optimized for use in Escherichia coli were used to control protein expression in planktonic and biofilm attached cells. Significant current production required the addition of menaquinone, which M. atlanticus does not produce, for electron transfer from the inner membrane to the expressed electron transfer pathway. Current through the S. oneidensis pathway in M. atlanticus was observed when inducing molecules were present during biofilm formation. Electron transfer was also reversible, indicating that electron transfer into M. atlanticus could be controlled. These results show that an operationally relevant marine bacterium can be genetically engineered for environmental sensing and response using an electrical signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina J Bird
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Judson Hervey
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Jaimee Compton
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Daniel Phillips
- Biochemistry Branch, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education/US Army DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Christopher A Voigt
- Department of Biological Engineering and the Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sarah M Glaven
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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4
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Coppens L, Tschirhart T, Leary DH, Colston SM, Compton JR, Hervey WJ, Dana KL, Vora GJ, Bordel S, Ledesma-Amaro R. Vibrio natriegens genome-scale modeling reveals insights into halophilic adaptations and resource allocation. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e10523. [PMID: 36847213 PMCID: PMC10090949 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio natriegens is a Gram-negative bacterium with an exceptional growth rate that has the potential to become a standard biotechnological host for laboratory and industrial bioproduction. Despite this burgeoning interest, the current lack of organism-specific qualitative and quantitative computational tools has hampered the community's ability to rationally engineer this bacterium. In this study, we present the first genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) of V. natriegens. The GSMM (iLC858) was developed using an automated draft assembly and extensive manual curation and was validated by comparing predicted yields, central metabolic fluxes, viable carbon substrates, and essential genes with empirical data. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics data confirmed the translation of at least 76% of the enzyme-encoding genes predicted to be expressed by the model during aerobic growth in a minimal medium. iLC858 was subsequently used to carry out a metabolic comparison between the model organism Escherichia coli and V. natriegens, leading to an analysis of the model architecture of V. natriegens' respiratory and ATP-generating system and the discovery of a role for a sodium-dependent oxaloacetate decarboxylase pump. The proteomics data were further used to investigate additional halophilic adaptations of V. natriegens. Finally, iLC858 was utilized to create a Resource Balance Analysis model to study the allocation of carbon resources. Taken together, the models presented provide useful computational tools to guide metabolic engineering efforts in V. natriegens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Coppens
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tanya Tschirhart
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sophie M Colston
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jaimee R Compton
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William Judson Hervey
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Gary J Vora
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sergio Bordel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
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5
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Rittschof D, Orihuela B, Genzer J, Efimenko K. PDMS networks meet barnacles: a complex and often toxic relationship. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:876-888. [PMID: 36503292 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2145471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The biological impact of chemical formulations used in various coating applications is essential in guiding the development of new materials that directly contact living organisms. To illustrate this point, an investigation addressing the impact of chemical compositions of polydimethylsiloxane networks on a common platform for foul-release biofouling management coatings was conducted. The acute toxicity of network components to barnacle larvae, the impacts of aqueous extracts of crosslinker, silicones and organometallic catalyst on trypsin enzymatic activity, and the impact of assembled networks on barnacle adhesion was evaluated. The outcomes of the study indicate that all components used in the formulation of the silicone network alter trypsin enzymatic activity and have a range of acute toxicity to barnacle larvae. Also, the adhesion strength of barnacles attached to PDMS networks correlates to the network formulation protocol. This information can be used to assess action mechanisms and risk-benefit analysis of PDMS networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rittschof
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Beatriz Orihuela
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kirill Efimenko
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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6
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Cleverley R, Webb D, Middlemiss S, Duke P, Clare A, Okano K, Harwood C, Aldred N. In Vitro Oxidative Crosslinking of Recombinant Barnacle Cyprid Cement Gland Proteins. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:928-942. [PMID: 34714445 PMCID: PMC8639568 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Barnacle adhesion is a focus for fouling-control technologies as well as the development of bioinspired adhesives, although the mechanisms remain very poorly understood. The barnacle cypris larva is responsible for surface colonisation. Cyprids release cement from paired glands that contain proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, although further compositional details are scant. Several genes coding for cement gland-specific proteins were identified, but only one of these showed database homology. This was a lysyl oxidase-like protein (lcp_LOX). LOX-like enzymes have been previously identified in the proteome of adult barnacle cement secretory tissue. We attempted to produce recombinant LOX in E. coli, in order to identify its role in cyprid cement polymerisation. We also produced two other cement gland proteins (lcp3_36k_3B8 and lcp2_57k_2F5). lcp2_57k_2F5 contained 56 lysine residues and constituted a plausible substrate for LOX. While significant quantities of soluble lcp3_36k_3B8 and lcp2_57k_2F5 were produced in E. coli, production of stably soluble lcp_LOX failed. A commercially sourced human LOX catalysed the crosslinking of lcp2_57k_2F5 into putative dimers and trimers, and this reaction was inhibited by lcp3_36k_3B8. Inhibition of the lcp_LOX:lcp2_57k_2F5 reaction by lcp3_36k_3B8 appeared to be substrate specific, with no inhibitory effect on the oxidation of cadaverine by LOX. The results demonstrate a possible curing mechanism for barnacle cyprid cement and, thus, provide a basis for a more complete understanding of larval adhesion for targeted control of marine biofouling and adhesives for niche applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cleverley
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - David Webb
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Stuart Middlemiss
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Phillip Duke
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Dstl Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JQ, UK
| | - Anthony Clare
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Keiju Okano
- Department of Biotechnology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Colin Harwood
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Nick Aldred
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
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7
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Schultzhaus JN, Hervey WJ, Taitt CR, So CR, Leary DH, Wahl KJ, Spillmann CM. Comparative analysis of stalked and acorn barnacle adhesive proteomes. Open Biol 2021; 11:210142. [PMID: 34404232 PMCID: PMC8371367 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Barnacles interest the scientific community for multiple reasons: their unique evolutionary trajectory, vast diversity and economic impact—as a harvested food source and also as one of the most prolific macroscopic hard biofouling organisms. A common, yet novel, trait among barnacles is adhesion, which has enabled a sessile adult existence and global colonization of the oceans. Barnacle adhesive is primarily composed of proteins, but knowledge of how the adhesive proteome varies across the tree of life is unknown due to a lack of genomic information. Here, we supplement previous mass spectrometry analyses of barnacle adhesive with recently sequenced genomes to compare the adhesive proteomes of Pollicipes pollicipes (Pedunculata) and Amphibalanus amphitrite (Sessilia). Although both species contain the same broad protein categories, we detail differences that exist between these species. The barnacle-unique cement proteins show the greatest difference between species, although these differences are diminished when amino acid composition and glycosylation potential are considered. By performing an in-depth comparison of the adhesive proteomes of these distantly related barnacle species, we show their similarities and provide a roadmap for future studies examining sequence-specific differences to identify the proteins responsible for functional differences across the barnacle tree of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna N Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William Judson Hervey
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chris R Taitt
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chris R So
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kathryn J Wahl
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher M Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
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8
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Davey PA, Power AM, Santos R, Bertemes P, Ladurner P, Palmowski P, Clarke J, Flammang P, Lengerer B, Hennebert E, Rothbächer U, Pjeta R, Wunderer J, Zurovec M, Aldred N. Omics-based molecular analyses of adhesion by aquatic invertebrates. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:1051-1075. [PMID: 33594824 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many aquatic invertebrates are associated with surfaces, using adhesives to attach to the substratum for locomotion, prey capture, reproduction, building or defence. Their intriguing and sophisticated biological glues have been the focus of study for decades. In all but a couple of specific taxa, however, the precise mechanisms by which the bioadhesives stick to surfaces underwater and (in many cases) harden have proved to be elusive. Since the bulk components are known to be based on proteins in most organisms, the opportunities provided by advancing 'omics technologies have revolutionised bioadhesion research. Time-consuming isolation and analysis of single molecules has been either replaced or augmented by the generation of massive data sets that describe the organism's translated genes and proteins. While these new approaches have provided resources and opportunities that have enabled physiological insights and taxonomic comparisons that were not previously possible, they do not provide the complete picture and continued multi-disciplinarity is essential. This review covers the various ways in which 'omics have contributed to our understanding of adhesion by aquatic invertebrates, with new data to illustrate key points. The associated challenges are highlighted and priorities are suggested for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Davey
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Anne Marie Power
- Ryan Institute, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Room 226, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Romana Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente (MARE), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Philip Bertemes
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Peter Ladurner
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Pawel Palmowski
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Jessica Clarke
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Patrick Flammang
- Biology of Marine Organisms and Biomimetics Unit, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Birgit Lengerer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Elise Hennebert
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Ute Rothbächer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Robert Pjeta
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Julia Wunderer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Michal Zurovec
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Nick Aldred
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, U.K
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Estrella LA, Yates EA, Fears KP, Schultzhaus JN, Ryou H, Leary DH, So CR. Engineered Escherichia coli Biofilms Produce Adhesive Nanomaterials Shaped by a Patterned 43 kDa Barnacle Cement Protein. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:365-373. [PMID: 33135878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Barnacles integrate multiple protein components into distinct amyloid-like nanofibers arranged as a bulk material network for their permanent underwater attachment. The design principle for how chemistry is displayed using adhesive nanomaterials, and fragments of proteins that are responsible for their formation, remains a challenge to assess and is yet to be established. Here, we use engineered bacterial biofilms to display a library of amyloid materials outside of the cell using full-length and subdomain sequences from a major component of the barnacle adhesive. A staggered charged pattern is found throughout the full-length sequence of a 43 kDa cement protein (AACP43), establishing a conserved sequence design evolved by barnacles to make adhesive nanomaterials. AACP43 domain deletions vary in their propensity to aggregate and form fibers, as exported extracellular materials are characterized through staining, immunoblotting, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Full-length AACP43 and its domains have a propensity to aggregate into nanofibers independent of all other barnacle glue components, shedding light on its function in the barnacle adhesive. Curliated Escherichia coli biofilms are a compatible system for heterologous expression and the study of foreign functional amyloid adhesive materials, used here to identify the c-terminal portion of AACP43 as critical in material formation. This approach allows us to establish a common sequence pattern between two otherwise dissimilar families of cement proteins, laying the foundation to elucidate adhesive chemistries by one of the most tenacious marine fouling organisms in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Estrella
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Yates
- US Naval Academy Faculty sited in Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Kenan P Fears
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
| | - Janna N Schultzhaus
- National Research Council Research Associateship Programs Fellow sited in Code 6920, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
| | - Heonjune Ryou
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Code 6351, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6920, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
| | - Christopher R So
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5342, United States
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10
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Schultzhaus ZS, Schultzhaus JN, Romsdahl J, Chen A, Hervey IV WJ, Leary DH, Wang Z. Proteomics Reveals Distinct Changes Associated with Increased Gamma Radiation Resistance in the Black Yeast Exophiala dermatitidis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1128. [PMID: 32992890 PMCID: PMC7650708 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Exophiala dermatitidis exhibits high resistance to γ-radiation in comparison to many other fungi. Several aspects of this phenotype have been characterized, including its dependence on homologous recombination for the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, and the transcriptomic response invoked by acute γ-radiation exposure in this organism. However, these findings have yet to identify unique γ-radiation exposure survival strategies-many genes that are induced by γ-radiation exposure do not appear to be important for recovery, and the homologous recombination machinery of this organism is not unique compared to more sensitive species. To identify features associated with γ-radiation resistance, here we characterized the proteomes of two E. dermatitidis strains-the wild type and a hyper-resistant strain developed through adaptive laboratory evolution-before and after γ-radiation exposure. The results demonstrate that protein intensities do not change substantially in response to this stress. Rather, the increased resistance exhibited by the evolved strain may be due in part to increased basal levels of single-stranded binding proteins and a large increase in ribosomal content, possibly allowing for a more robust, induced response during recovery. This experiment provides evidence enabling us to focus on DNA replication, protein production, and ribosome levels for further studies into the mechanism of γ-radiation resistance in E. dermatitidis and other fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S. Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (Z.S.S.); (J.N.S.); (W.J.H.IV); (D.H.L.)
| | - Janna N. Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (Z.S.S.); (J.N.S.); (W.J.H.IV); (D.H.L.)
| | - Jillian Romsdahl
- National Research Council, Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20744, USA;
| | - Amy Chen
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA;
| | - W. Judson Hervey IV
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (Z.S.S.); (J.N.S.); (W.J.H.IV); (D.H.L.)
| | - Dagmar H. Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (Z.S.S.); (J.N.S.); (W.J.H.IV); (D.H.L.)
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (Z.S.S.); (J.N.S.); (W.J.H.IV); (D.H.L.)
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11
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Dean SN, Rimmer MA, Turner KB, Phillips DA, Caruana JC, Hervey WJ, Leary DH, Walper SA. Lactobacillus acidophilus Membrane Vesicles as a Vehicle of Bacteriocin Delivery. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:710. [PMID: 32425905 PMCID: PMC7203471 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have shown that Gram-positive bacteria actively secrete spherical nanometer-sized proteoliposome membrane vesicles (MVs) into their surroundings. Though MVs are implicated in a broad range of biological functions, few studies have been conducted to examine their potential as delivery vehicles of antimicrobials. Here, we investigate the natural ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus MVs to carry and deliver bacteriocin peptides to the opportunistic pathogen, Lactobacillus delbrueckii. We demonstrate that upon treatment with lactacin B-inducing peptide, the proteome of the secreted MVs is enriched in putative bacteriocins encoded by the lab operon. Further, we show that purified MVs inhibit growth and compromise membrane integrity in L. delbrueckii, which is confirmed by confocal microscopy imaging and spectrophotometry. These results show that L. acidophilus MVs serve as conduits for antimicrobials to competing cells in the environment, suggesting a potential role for MVs in complex communities such as the gut microbiome. With the potential for controlling their payload through microbial engineering, MVs produced by L. acidophilus may be an interesting platform for effecting change in complex microbial communities or aiding in the development of new biomedical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott N. Dean
- National Research Council Associate, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Kendrick B. Turner
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering (Code 6900), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Daniel A. Phillips
- American Society for Engineering Education Associate, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Julie C. Caruana
- American Society for Engineering Education Associate, Washington, DC, United States
| | - William Judson Hervey
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering (Code 6900), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dagmar H. Leary
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering (Code 6900), Washington, DC, United States
| | - Scott A. Walper
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering (Code 6900), Washington, DC, United States
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12
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Fears KP, Barnikel A, Wassick A, Ryou H, Schultzhaus JN, Orihuela B, Scancella JM, So CR, Hunsucker KZ, Leary DH, Swain G, Rittschof D, Spillmann CM, Wahl KJ. Adhesion of acorn barnacles on surface-active borate glasses. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20190203. [PMID: 31495306 PMCID: PMC6745471 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about the bioaccumulation of toxic antifouling compounds have necessitated the search for alternative strategies to combat marine biofouling. Because many biologically essential minerals have deleterious effects on organisms at high concentration, one approach to preventing the settlement of marine foulers is increasing the local concentration of ions that are naturally present in seawater. Here, we used surface-active borate glasses as a platform to directly deliver ions (Na+, Mg2+ and BO43-) to the adhesive interface under acorn barnacles (Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite). Additionally, surface-active glasses formed reaction layers at the glass-water interface, presenting another challenge to fouling organisms. Proteomics analysis showed that cement deposited on the gelatinous reaction layers is more soluble than cement deposited on insoluble glasses, indicating the reaction layer and/or released ions disrupted adhesion processes. Laboratory experiments showed that the majority (greater than 79%) of adult barnacles re-attached to silica-free borate glasses for 14 days could be released and, more importantly, barnacle larvae did not settle on the glasses. The formation of microbial biofilms in field tests diminished the performance of the materials. While periodic water jetting (120 psi) did not prevent the formation of biofilms, weekly cleaning did dramatically reduce macrofouling on magnesium aluminoborate glass to levels below a commercial foul-release coating. This article is part of the theme issue 'Transdisciplinary approaches to the study of adhesion and adhesives in biological systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan P. Fears
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Andrew Barnikel
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Ann Wassick
- Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Heonjune Ryou
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Janna N. Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Beatriz Orihuela
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, 135 Duke Marine Laboratory Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Jenifer M. Scancella
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Christopher R. So
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Kelli Z. Hunsucker
- Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Dagmar H. Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Geoffrey Swain
- Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, 135 Duke Marine Laboratory Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Christopher M. Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Kathryn J. Wahl
- Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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