1
|
Zhang D, Hao Y, Yang X, Shi X, Zhao D, Chen L, Liu H, Zhu Z, Zheng H. ASFV infection induces macrophage necroptosis and releases proinflammatory cytokine by ZBP1-RIPK3-MLKL necrosome activation. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1419615. [PMID: 38952452 PMCID: PMC11215146 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1419615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease characterized by hemorrhagic fever, which is highly pathogenic and causes severe mortality in domestic pigs. It is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV is a large DNA virus and primarily infects porcine monocyte macrophages. The interaction between ASFV and host macrophages is the major reason for gross pathological lesions caused by ASFV. Necroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death and plays an important immune role during virus infection. However, whether and how ASFV induces macrophage necroptosis and the effect of necroptosis signaling on host immunity and ASFV infection remains unknown. This study uncovered that ASFV infection activates the necroptosis signaling in vivo and macrophage necroptosis in vitro. Further evidence showed that ASFV infection upregulates the expression of ZBP1 and RIPK3 to consist of the ZBP1-RIPK3-MLKL necrosome and further activates macrophage necroptosis. Subsequently, multiple Z-DNA sequences were predicted to be present in the ASFV genome. The Z-DNA signals were further confirmed to be present and colocalized with ZBP1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of ASFV-infected cells. Moreover, ZBP1-mediated macrophage necroptosis provoked the extracellular release of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β induced by ASFV infection. Finally, we demonstrated that ZBP1-mediated necroptosis signaling inhibits ASFV replication in host macrophages. Our findings uncovered a novel mechanism by which ASFV induces macrophage necroptosis by facilitating Z-DNA accumulation and ZBP1 necrosome assembly, providing significant insights into the pathogenesis of ASFV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thomas PG, Shubina M, Balachandran S. ZBP1/DAI-Dependent Cell Death Pathways in Influenza A Virus Immunity and Pathogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2023; 442:41-63. [PMID: 31970498 DOI: 10.1007/82_2019_190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are members of the Orthomyxoviridae family of negative-sense RNA viruses. The greatest diversity of IAV strains is found in aquatic birds, but a subset of strains infects other avian as well as mammalian species, including humans. In aquatic birds, infection is largely restricted to the gastrointestinal tract and spread is through feces, while in humans and other mammals, respiratory epithelial cells are the primary sites supporting productive replication and transmission. IAV triggers the death of most cell types in which it replicates, both in culture and in vivo. When well controlled, such cell death is considered an effective host defense mechanism that eliminates infected cells and limits virus spread. Unchecked or inopportune cell death also results in immunopathology. In this chapter, we discuss the impact of cell death in restricting virus spread, supporting the adaptive immune response and driving pathogenesis in the mammalian respiratory tract. Recent studies have begun to shed light on the signaling pathways underlying IAV-activated cell death. These pathways, initiated by the pathogen sensor protein ZBP1 (also called DAI and DLM1), cause infected cells to undergo apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. We outline mechanisms of ZBP1-mediated cell death signaling following IAV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, MS 351, 262 Danny Thomas Place, 38105, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Maria Shubina
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Room 224 Reimann Building, 333 Cottman Ave., 19111, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Room 224 Reimann Building, 333 Cottman Ave., 19111, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jeffries AM, Suptela AJ, Marriott I. Z-DNA binding protein 1 mediates necroptotic and apoptotic cell death pathways in murine astrocytes following herpes simplex virus-1 infection. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:109. [PMID: 35549723 PMCID: PMC9103380 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms by which glia respond to viral central nervous system (CNS) pathogens are now becoming apparent with the demonstration that microglia and astrocytes express an array of pattern recognition receptors that include intracellular RNA and DNA sensors. We have previously demonstrated that glia express Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) and showed that this cytosolic nucleic acid sensor contributes to the inflammatory/neurotoxic responses of these cells to herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). However, the relative contribution made by ZBP1- to HSV-1-mediated cell death in glia has not been determined. Methods We have investigated the relative contribution made by ZBP1- to HSV-1-mediated cell death in primary astrocytes derived from mice genetically deficient in this sensor. We have used capture ELISAs and immunoblot analysis to assess inflammatory cytokine production and ZBP1 and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) expression levels, respectively, following HSV-1 challenge. Furthermore, we have used a commercially available cell viability assay to determine the proportion and rate of cell death in cells following infection with laboratory and neuroinvasive clinical strains of HSV-1, and pharmacological inhibitors of necroptotic and apoptotic pathway components to assess the relative role of each. Results We show that the loss of ZBP1 in astrocytes results in an increase in the number of viral particles released following HSV-1 infection. Importantly, we have confirmed that HSV-1 induces necroptosis in astrocytes and have established the ability of ZBP1 to mediate this cell death pathway. Interestingly, while ZBP1 is best known for its role in necroptotic signaling, our findings indicate that this sensor can also contribute to virally induced apoptosis in these glia. Conclusions Our findings indicate that ZBP1 serves as a restriction factor for HSV-1 infection and is associated with the induction of both necroptotic and apoptotic cell death pathways in primary murine astrocytes. While it remains to be seen whether ZBP1-mediated activation of cell death in astrocytes contributes significantly to host protection or, rather, exacerbates HSV-1 encephalitis pathology, the identification of such a role in resident CNS cells may represent a novel target for therapeutic intervention to reduce HSV encephalitis-associated morbidity and mortality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02469-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Jeffries
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Alexander J Suptela
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Ian Marriott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakagawa T, Tanino T, Onishi M, Tofukuji S, Kanazawa T, Ishioka Y, Itoh T, Kugimiya A, Katayama K, Yamamoto T, Nagira M, Ishii KJ. S-540956, a CpG Oligonucleotide Annealed to a Complementary Strand With an Amphiphilic Chain Unit, Acts as a Potent Cancer Vaccine Adjuvant by Targeting Draining Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2022; 12:803090. [PMID: 35003132 PMCID: PMC8735836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust induction of cancer-antigen-specific CD8+ T cells is essential for the success of cancer peptide vaccines, which are composed of a peptide derived from a cancer-specific antigen and an immune-potentiating adjuvant, such as a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist. Efficient delivery of a vaccine antigen and an adjuvant to antigen-presenting cells in the draining lymph nodes (LNs) holds key to maximize vaccine efficacy. Here, we developed S-540956, a novel TLR9-agonistic adjuvant consisting of B-type CpG ODN2006 (also known as CpG7909), annealed to its complementary sequence oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) conjugated to a lipid; it could target both a cancer peptide antigen and a CpG-adjuvant in the draining LNs. S-540956 accumulation in the draining LNs and activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were significantly higher than that of ODN2006. Mechanistic analysis revealed that S-540956 enhanced the induction of MHC class I peptide-specific CD8+ T cell responses via TLR9 in a CD4+ T cell-independent manner. In mice, the therapeutic effect of S-540956-adjuvanted with a human papillomavirus (HPV)-E7 peptide vaccine against HPV-E7-expressing TC-1 tumors was significantly better than that of an ODN2006-adjuvanted vaccine. Our findings demonstrate a novel adjuvant discovery with the complementary strand conjugated to a lipid, which enabled draining LN targeting and increased ODN2006 accumulation in draining LNs, thereby enhancing the adjuvant effect. Our findings imply that S-540956 is a promising adjuvant for cancer peptide vaccines and has a high potential for applications in various vaccines, including recombinant protein vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nakagawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanino
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Onishi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Soichi Tofukuji
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanazawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukichi Ishioka
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Itoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Kugimiya
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Katayama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Morio Nagira
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Mock-up Vaccine Project, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan.,Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mi S, Tang Y, Shi L, Liu X, Si J, Yao Y, Augustino SMA, Fang L, Yu Y. Protective Roles of Folic Acid in the Responses of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells to Different Virulent Staphylococcus aureus Strains. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111164. [PMID: 34827157 PMCID: PMC8615268 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection is one of the most difficult diseases to treat in dairy cattle. Exploring the biological progression of S. aureus mastitis via the interaction between host, pathogen, and environment is the key to an effective and sustainable improvement of animal health. Here, two strains of S. aureus and a strain of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from cows with different inflammation phenotypes were used to challenge Mac-T cells and to investigate their effects on the global transcriptome of the cells, then to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of folic acid on S. aureus mastitis prevention. Differential gene expression or splicing analysis showed that different strains of S. aureus led to distinct transcriptional responses from the host immune system. Folic acid could protect host defense against the challenge of S. aureus and MRSA partially through activating cytoplasmic DNA sensing and tight junction pathway. ZBP1 at the upstream of cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathway was verified and related to anti-pathogen through RNA interference. Further enrichment analysis using these transcriptome data with cattle large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data confirmed that ZBP1 gene is highly associated with bovine somatic cell score (SCS) trait. Our data shed light on the potential effect of FA through regulating key gene and then protect host cells' defense against S. aureus and MRSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Mi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Yongjie Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Liangyu Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Xueqin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Jingfang Si
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Yuelin Yao
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Serafino M. A. Augustino
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
- College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Juba, Juba P.O. Box 82, South Sudan
| | - Lingzhao Fang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Ying Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.M.); (Y.T.); (L.S.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.M.A.A.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Viral dosing of influenza A infection reveals involvement of RIPK3 and FADD, but not MLKL. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:471. [PMID: 33976111 PMCID: PMC8113499 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RIPK3 was reported to play an important role in the protection against influenza A virus (IAV) in vivo. Here we show that the requirement of RIPK3 for protection against IAV infection in vivo is only apparent within a limited dose range of IAV challenge. We found that this protective outcome is independent from RIPK3 kinase activity and from MLKL. This shows that platform function of RIPK3 rather than its kinase activity is required for protection, suggesting that a RIPK3 function independent of necroptosis is implicated. In line with this finding, we show that FADD-dependent apoptosis has a crucial additional effect in protection against IAV infection. Altogether, we show that RIPK3 contributes to protection against IAV in a narrow challenge dose range by a mechanism that is independent of its kinase activity and its capacity to induce necroptosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Balachandran S, Rall GF. Benefits and Perils of Necroptosis in Influenza Virus Infection. J Virol 2020; 94:e01101-19. [PMID: 32051270 PMCID: PMC7163144 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01101-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are lytic viruses that have recently been found to activate necroptosis in many of the cell types they infect. Necroptotic cell death is potently immunogenic and limits IAV spread by directly eliminating infected cells and by mobilizing both innate and adaptive immune responses. The benefits of necroptosis to the host, however, may sometimes be outweighed by the potentially deleterious hyperinflammatory consequences of activating this death modality in pulmonary and other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Glenn F Rall
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|