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Li G, Long TF, Zhou SY, Xia LJ, Gao A, Wan L, Diao XY, He YZ, Sun RY, Yang JT, Tang SQ, Ren H, Fang LX, Liao XP, Liu YH, Chen L, Sun J. CRISPR-AMRtracker: A novel toolkit to monitor the antimicrobial resistance gene transfer in fecal microbiota. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 77:101142. [PMID: 39214042 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly those carried on plasmids, poses a major risk to global health. However, the extent and frequency of ARGs transfer in microbial communities among human, animal, and environmental sectors is not well understood due to a lack of effective tracking tools. We have developed a novel fluorescent tracing tool, CRISPR-AMRtracker, to study ARG transfer. It combines CRISPR/Cas9 fluorescence tagging, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and microbial community analysis. CRISPR-AMRtracker integrates a fluorescent tag immediately downstream of ARGs, enabling the tracking of ARG transfer without compromising the host cell's antibiotic susceptibility, fitness, conjugation, and transposition. Notably, our experiments demonstrate that sfGFP-tagged plasmid-borne mcr-1 can transfer across diverse bacterial species within fecal samples. This innovative approach holds the potential to illuminate the dynamics of ARG dissemination and provide valuable insights to shape effective strategies in mitigating the escalating threat of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Teng-Fei Long
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shi-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ang Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Lei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhang He
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ruan-Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jin-Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Sheng-Qiu Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, PR China
| | - Hao Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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2
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Gupta SS, Hamza Kh M, Sones CL, Zhang X, Sivaraman GK. The CRISPR/Cas system as an antimicrobial resistance strategy in aquatic ecosystems. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:110. [PMID: 38806846 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
With the growing population, demand for food has dramatically increased, and fisheries, including aquaculture, are expected to play an essential role in sustaining demand with adequate quantities of protein and essential vitamin supplements, employment generation, and GDP growth. Unfortunately, the incidence of emerging/re-emerging AMR pathogens annually occurs because of anthropogenic activities and the frequent use of antibiotics in aquaculture. These AMR pathogens include the WHO's top 6 prioritized ESKAPE pathogens (nosocomial pathogens: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.), extended-spectrum beta lactases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase-producing E. coli, which pose major challenges to the biomagnification of both nonnative and native antibiotic-resistant bacteria in capture and cultured fishes. Although implementing the rational use of antibiotics represents a promising mitigation measure, this approach is practically impossible due to the lack of awareness among farmers about the interplay between antimicrobial use and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nevertheless, to eradicate these 'superbugs,' CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associate protein) has turned out to be a novel approach owing to its ability to perform precise site-directed targeting/knockdown/reversal of specific antimicrobial resistance genes in vitro and to distinguish AMR-resistant bacteria from a plethora of commensal aquatic bacteria. Along with highlighting the importance of virulent multidrug resistance genes in bacteria, this article aims to provide a holistic picture of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing for combating antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from various aquaculture and marine systems, as well as insights into different types of CRISPR/Cas systems, delivery methods, and challenges associated with developing CRISPR/Cas9 antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobin Sonu Gupta
- Founder & CEO at Times of Biotech, Navelim Bicholim, Goa-403505, India
- Microbiology, Fermentation & Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin-29, Kerala, India
| | - Muneeb Hamza Kh
- Microbiology, Fermentation & Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin-29, Kerala, India
| | - Collin L Sones
- Founder and CTO of Highfield Diagnostics, Zepler Institute of Photonics and Nanoelectronics, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - Xunli Zhang
- School of Engineering & Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - Gopalan Krishnan Sivaraman
- Microbiology, Fermentation & Biotechnology Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin-29, Kerala, India.
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Rafiq MS, Shabbir MA, Raza A, Irshad S, Asghar A, Maan MK, Gondal MA, Hao H. CRISPR-Cas System: A New Dawn to Combat Antibiotic Resistance. BioDrugs 2024; 38:387-404. [PMID: 38605260 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-024-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can potentially harm global public health. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), which speeds up the emergence of AMR and increases the burden of drug resistance in mobile genetic elements (MGEs), is the primary method by which AMR genes are transferred across bacterial pathogens. New approaches are urgently needed to halt the spread of bacterial diseases and antibiotic resistance. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), an RNA-guided adaptive immune system, protects prokaryotes from foreign DNA like plasmids and phages. This approach may be essential in limiting horizontal gene transfer and halting the spread of antibiotic resistance. The CRISPR-Cas system has been crucial in identifying and understanding resistance mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic approaches. This review article investigates the CRISPR-Cas system's potential as a tool to combat bacterial AMR. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be targeted and eliminated by the CRISPR-Cas system. It has been proven to be an efficient method for removing carbapenem-resistant plasmids and regaining antibiotic susceptibility. The CRISPR-Cas system has enormous potential as a weapon against bacterial AMR. It precisely targets and eliminates antibiotic-resistant bacteria, facilitates resistance mechanism identification, and offers new possibilities in diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahzad Rafiq
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Ahmed Raza
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Irshad
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Andleeb Asghar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Maan
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Pet Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed Gondal
- Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Haihong Hao
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhang H, Chen B, Wang Z, Peng K, Liu Y, Wang Z. Resensitizing tigecycline- and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli using an engineered conjugative CRISPR/Cas9 system. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0388423. [PMID: 38385691 PMCID: PMC10986596 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03884-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline and colistin were referred to as the "last resort" antibiotics in defending against carbapenem-resistant, Gram-negative bacterial infections, and are currently widely used in clinical treatment. However, the emergence and prevalence of plasmid-mediated tet(X4) and mcr-1 genes pose a serious threat to the therapeutic application of tigecycline and colistin, respectively. In this research, a tigecycline- and colistin-resistant bacteria resensitization system was developed based on efficient and specific DNA damage caused by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Associated Protein 9 (Cas9) nucleases. A conjugation method was used to deliver the resensitization system, which harbors two single-guide RNAs targeting tet(X4) and mcr-1 genes and constitutively expressed Cas9. The conjugation efficiency was nearly 100% after conjugation condition optimization in vitro, and the resensitivity efficiency for clinical isolates was over 90%. In addition, when performing resensitization in vivo, the resistance marker was replaced with a glutamate-based, chromosomal, plasmid-balanced lethal system to prevent the introduction of additional resistance genes in clinical settings, making this strategy a therapeutic approach to combat the in vivo spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacterial pathogens. As a proof of concept, this resensitive system can significantly decrease the counts of tigecycline- and colistin-resistant bacteria to 1% in vivo. Our study demonstrates the efficacy and adaptability of CRISPR-Cas systems as powerful and programmable antimicrobials in resensitizing tet(X4)- and mcr-1-mediated, tigecycline- and colistin-resistant strains, and opens up new pathways for the development of CRISPR-based tools for selective bacterial pathogen elimination and precise microbiome composition change. IMPORTANCE The emergence of plasmid-encoded tet(X4) and mcr-1 isolated from human and animal sources has affected the treatment of tigecycline and colistin, and has posed a significant threat to public health. Tigecycline and colistin are considered as the "last line of defense" for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections, so there is an urgent need to find a method that can resensitize tet(X4)-mediated tigecycline-resistant and mcr-1-mediated colistin-resistant bacteria. In this study, we developed a glutamate-based, chromosomal, plasmid-balanced lethal conjugative CRISPR/Cas9 system, which can simultaneously resensitize tet(X4)-mediated tigecycline-resistant and mcr-1-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli. The counts of tigecycline- and colistin-resistant bacteria decreased to 1% in vivo after the resensitization system was administered. This study opens up new pathways for the development of CRISPR-based tools for selective bacterial pathogen elimination and precise microbiome composition change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Azman AA, Leow ATC, Noor NDM, Noor SAM, Latip W, Ali MSM. Worldwide trend discovery of structural and functional relationship of metallo-β-lactamase for structure-based drug design: A bibliometric evaluation and patent analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128230. [PMID: 38013072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) is an enzyme produced by clinically important bacteria that can inactivate many commonly used antibiotics, making them a significant concern in treating bacterial infections and the risk of having high antibiotic resistance issues among the community. This review presents a bibliometric and patent analysis of MBL worldwide research trend based on the Scopus and World Intellectual Property Organization databases in 2013-2022. Based on the keywords related to MBL in the article title, abstract, and keywords, 592 research articles were retrieved for further analysis using various tools such as Microsoft Excel to determine the frequency analysis, VOSviewer for bibliometric networks visualization, and Harzing's Publish or Perish for citation metrics analysis. Standard bibliometric parameters were analysed to evaluate the field's research trend, such as the growth of publications, topographical distribution, top subject area, most relevant journal, top cited documents, most relevant authors, and keyword trend analysis. Within 10 years, MBL discovery has shown a steady and continuous growth of interest among the community of researchers. United States of America, China, and the United Kingdom are the top 3 countries contribute high productivity to the field. The patent analysis also shows several impactful filed patents, indicating the significance of development research on the structural and functional relationship of MBL for an effective structure-based drug design (SBDD). Developing new MBL inhibitors using SBDD could help address the research gap and provide new successful therapeutic options for treating MBL-producing bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameera Aisyah Azman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Adam Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Noor Dina Muhd Noor
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aminah Mohd Noor
- Center for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Wahhida Latip
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
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Tao S, Hu C, Fang Y, Zhang H, Xu Y, Zheng L, Chen L, Liang W. Targeted elimination of Vancomycin resistance gene vanA by CRISPR-Cas9 system. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:380. [PMID: 38049763 PMCID: PMC10694887 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to reduce the spread of the vanA gene by curing the vanA-harboring plasmid of vancomycin-resistant using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. METHODS Two specific spacer sequence (sgRNAs) specific was designed to target the vanA gene and cloned into plasmid CRISPR-Cas9. The role of the CRISPR-Cas system in the plasmid elimination of drug-resistance genes was verified by chemically transformation and conjugation delivery methods. Moreover, the elimination efficiency in strains was evaluated by plate counting, PCR, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution assay and by Etest strips (bioMérieux, France) to detect changes in bacterial drug resistance phenotype after drug resistance plasmid clearance. RESULTS In the study, we constructed a specific prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas9 system plasmid targeting cleavage of the vanA gene. PCR and qPCR results indicated that recombinant pCas9-sgRNA plasmid can efficiently clear vanA-harboring plasmids. There was no significant correlation between sgRNA lengths and curing efficiency. In addition, the drug susceptibility test results showed that the bacterial resistance to vancomycin was significantly reduced after the vanA-containing drug-resistant plasmid was specifically cleaved by the CRISPR-Cas system. The CRISPR-Cas9 system can block the horizontal transfer of the conjugated plasmid pUC19-vanA. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study demonstrated that CRISPR-Cas9 achieved plasmid clearance and reduced antimicrobial resistance. The CRISPR-Cas9 system could block the horizontal transfer of plasmid carrying vanA. This strategy provided a great potential to counteract the ever-worsening spread of the vanA gene among bacterial pathogens and laid the foundation for subsequent research using the CRISPR-Cas9 system as adjuvant antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuan Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No 59. Liuting Road, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chunwei Hu
- The Biobank of The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yewei Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No 59. Liuting Road, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - He Zhang
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yao Xu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No 59. Liuting Road, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Luyan Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No 59. Liuting Road, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China.
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7
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Zhao F, Ding X, Liu Z, Yan X, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Kang T, Xie C, He M, Zheng J. Application of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing in ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122458. [PMID: 37633433 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals are widely used and released into the environment, and their degradation, accumulation, migration, and transformation processes in the environment can pose a threat to the ecosystem. The advancement in analytical methods with high-throughput screening of biomolecules has revolutionized the way toxicologists used to explore the effects of chemicals on organisms. CRISPR/Cas is a newly developed tool, widely used in the exploration of basic science and biologically engineered products given its high efficiency and low cost. For example, it can edit target genes efficiently, and save loss of the crop yield caused by environmental pollution as well as gain a better understanding of the toxicity mechanisms from various chemicals. This review briefly introduces the development history of CRISPR/Cas and summarizes the current application of CRISPR/Cas in ecotoxicology, including its application on improving crop yield and drug resistance towards agricultural pollution, antibiotic pollution and other threats. The benefits by applying the CRISPR/Cas9 system in conventional toxicity mechanism studies are fully demonstrated here together with its foreseeable expansions in other area of ecotoxicology. Finally, the prospects and disadvantages of CRISPR/Cas system in the field of ecotoxicology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China; School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Ding
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zimeng Liu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanzhen Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yaxin Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunjie Chen
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanfang Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Kang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Xie
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Mian He
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Mayorga-Ramos A, Zúñiga-Miranda J, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Barba-Ostria C, Guamán LP. CRISPR-Cas-Based Antimicrobials: Design, Challenges, and Bacterial Mechanisms of Resistance. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1283-1302. [PMID: 37347230 PMCID: PMC10353011 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is a source of public health concern across the globe. As the discovery of new conventional antibiotics has stalled significantly over the past decade, there is an urgency to develop novel approaches to address drug resistance in infectious diseases. The use of a CRISPR-Cas-based system for the precise elimination of targeted bacterial populations holds promise as an innovative approach for new antimicrobial agent design. The CRISPR-Cas targeting system is celebrated for its high versatility and specificity, offering an excellent opportunity to fight antibiotic resistance in pathogens by selectively inactivating genes involved in antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, pathogenicity, virulence, or bacterial viability. The CRISPR-Cas strategy can enact antimicrobial effects by two approaches: inactivation of chromosomal genes or curing of plasmids encoding antibiotic resistance. In this Review, we provide an overview of the main CRISPR-Cas systems utilized for the creation of these antimicrobials, as well as highlighting promising studies in the field. We also offer a detailed discussion about the most commonly used mechanisms for CRISPR-Cas delivery: bacteriophages, nanoparticles, and conjugative plasmids. Lastly, we address possible mechanisms of interference that should be considered during the intelligent design of these novel approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mayorga-Ramos
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias
de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad
UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Johana Zúñiga-Miranda
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias
de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad
UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias
de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad
UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Escuela
de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Quito, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias
de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad
UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
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9
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Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Xie F, Olsen RH, Shi L, Li L. Inhibition of Plasmid Conjugation in Escherichia coli by Targeting rbsB Gene Using CRISPRi System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10585. [PMID: 37445761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial conjugation constitutes a major horizontal gene transfer mechanism for the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) among human pathogens. The spread of ARGs can be halted or diminished by interfering with the conjugation process. In this study, we explored the possibility of using an rbsB gene as a single target to inhibit plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer in Escherichia coli by CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system. Three single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were designed to target the rbsB gene. The transcriptional levels of the rbsB gene, the conjugation-related genes, and the conjugation efficiency in the CRISPRi strain were tested. We further explored the effect of the repressed expression of the rbsB gene on the quorum sensing (QS) system and biofilm formation. The results showed that the constructed CRISPRi system was effective in repressing the transcriptional level of the rbsB gene at a rate of 66.4%. The repressed expression of the rbsB gene resulted in the reduced conjugation rate of RP4 plasmid by 88.7%, which significantly inhibited the expression of the conjugation-related genes (trbBp, trfAp, traF and traJ) and increased the global regulator genes (korA, korB and trbA). The repressed rbsB gene expression reduced the depletion of autoinducer 2 signals (AI-2) by 12.8% and biofilm formation by a rate of 68.2%. The results of this study indicated the rbsB gene could be used as a universal target for the inhibition of conjugation. The constructed conjugative CRISPRi system has the potential to be used in ARG high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Xiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fengjun Xie
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rikke Heidemann Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Junaid M, Thirapanmethee K, Khuntayaporn P, Chomnawang MT. CRISPR-Based Gene Editing in Acinetobacter baumannii to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:920. [PMID: 37513832 PMCID: PMC10384873 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the health, social, environment, and economic sectors on a global scale and requires serious attention to addressing this issue. Acinetobacter baumannii was given top priority among infectious bacteria because of its extensive resistance to nearly all antibiotic classes and treatment options. Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii is classified as one of the critical-priority pathogens on the World Health Organization (WHO) priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for effective drug development. Although available genetic manipulation approaches are successful in A. baumannii laboratory strains, they are limited when employed on newly acquired clinical strains since such strains have higher levels of AMR than those used to select them for genetic manipulation. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) system has emerged as one of the most effective, efficient, and precise methods of genome editing and offers target-specific gene editing of AMR genes in a specific bacterial strain. CRISPR-based genome editing has been successfully applied in various bacterial strains to combat AMR; however, this strategy has not yet been extensively explored in A. baumannii. This review provides detailed insight into the progress, current scenario, and future potential of CRISPR-Cas usage for AMR-related gene manipulation in A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Krit Thirapanmethee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Piyatip Khuntayaporn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mullika Traidej Chomnawang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Group (AmRIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:229-254. [PMID: 36680641 PMCID: PMC9899200 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The clinical impact of infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (Ent) has reached dramatic levels worldwide. Infections due to these multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens-especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae-may originate from a prior asymptomatic intestinal colonization that could also favor transmission to other subjects. It is therefore desirable that gut carriers are rapidly identified to try preventing both the occurrence of serious endogenous infections and potential transmission. Together with the infection prevention and control countermeasures, any strategy capable of effectively eradicating the MDR-Ent from the intestinal tract would be desirable. In this narrative review, we present a summary of the different aspects linked to the intestinal colonization due to MDR-Ent. In particular, culture- and molecular-based screening techniques to identify carriers, data on prevalence and risk factors in different populations, clinical impact, length of colonization, and contribution to transmission in various settings will be overviewed. We will also discuss the standard strategies (selective digestive decontamination, fecal microbiota transplant) and those still in development (bacteriophages, probiotics, microcins, and CRISPR-Cas-based) that might be used to decolonize MDR-Ent carriers.
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12
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Kundar R, Gokarn K. CRISPR-Cas System: A Tool to Eliminate Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1498. [PMID: 36558949 PMCID: PMC9781512 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly emerging drug-resistant superbugs, especially Gram-negative bacteria, pose a serious threat to healthcare systems all over the globe. Newer strategies are being developed to detect and overcome the arsenal of weapons that these bacteria possess. The development of antibiotics is time-consuming and may not provide full proof of action on evolving drug-resistant pathogens. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) systems are promising in curbing drug-resistant bacteria. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacteria, emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance, and their treatment failures. It also draws attention to the present status of the CRISPR-Cas system in diagnosisand treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Kundar
- Department of Microbiology, Sir H.N. Medical Research Society, Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Karuna Gokarn
- Department of Microbiology, Sir H.N. Medical Research Society, Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, 5- Mahapalika Marg, Mumbai 400001, Maharashtra, India
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Wan X, Li Q, Olsen RH, Meng H, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zheng H, Li L, Shi L. Engineering a CRISPR interference system targeting AcrAB-TolC efflux pump to prevent multidrug resistance development in Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:2158-2166. [PMID: 35642356 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We engineered a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system targeting the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump to prevent MDR development in Escherichia coli. METHODS Nine specific single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were designed to target the components of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump, namely AcrA, AcrB and TolC. A total of thirteen CRISPRi recombinant plasmids were constructed with single or clustered sgRNAs. The transcriptional levels of the target genes, MICs of multiple antibiotics and biofilm formation in each CRISPRi strain were tested. RESULTS The CRISPRi system expressing sgRNA clusters targeting acrB and tolC simultaneously exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on AcrAB-TolC efflux pump activity in E. coli HB101, with 78.3%, 90.0% and 65.4% inhibition rates on the transcriptional levels of acrA, acrB and tolC, respectively. The CRISPRi system resulted in ∼2-, ∼8- and 16-fold increased susceptibility to rifampicin, erythromycin and tetracycline, respectively. In addition, the constructed CRISPRi system reduced biofilm formation with inhibition rates in the range of 11.2% to 58.2%. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the construction of an inducible CRISPRi system targeting the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump to prevent MDR development in E. coli. This study provides insights for future regulation and manipulation of AcrAB-TolC activity and bacterial MDR by a CRISPRi system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Wan
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Rikke Heidemann Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hecheng Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Xiamen Yinxiang Group, Xiamen, China
| | - Junlin Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hanyu Zheng
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Xiamen Yinxiang Group, Xiamen, China
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14
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Wang Y, Ge H, Wei X, Zhao X. Research progress on antibiotic resistance of Salmonella. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Antibiotic abuse results in various antibiotic resistance among a number of foodborne bacteria, posing a severe threat to food safety. Antibiotic resistance genes are commonly detected in foodborne pathogens, which has sparked much interest in finding solutions to these issues. Various strategies against these drug-resistant pathogens have been studied, including new antibiotics and phages. Recently, a powerful tool has been introduced in the fight against drug-resistant pathogens, namely, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated (CRISPR-Cas) system aggregated by a prokaryotic defense mechanism. This review summarized the mechanism of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella and resistance to common antibiotics, analysed the relationship between Salmonella CRISPR-Cas and antibiotic resistance, discussed the changes in antibiotic resistance on the structure and function of CRISPR-Cas, and finally predicted the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas intervention in Salmonella antibiotic resistance. In the future, CRISPR-Cas is expected to become an important tool to reduce the threat of antibiotic-resistant pathogens in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Wang
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Hengwei Ge
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xinyue Wei
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xihong Zhao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
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15
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Li P, Wan P, Zhao R, Chen J, Li X, Li J, Xiong W, Zeng Z. Targeted Elimination of bla NDM-5 Gene in Escherichia coli by Conjugative CRISPR-Cas9 System. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1707-1716. [PMID: 35422639 PMCID: PMC9004731 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s357470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Plasmid-borne carbapenem resistance gene bla NDM-5 accelerates the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. To efficiently eliminate the bla NDM-5-harboring plasmid and sensitize the antibiotic-resistant bacteria to meropenem, we used the CRISPR-Cas9 system for combating the carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coil). Methods A series of CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids was constructed, and specific guide RNAs(sgRNA) were designed to target the bla NDM-5 gene. We used chemically transformation or conjugation delivery methods, and the elimination efficiency in each recipient strains was evaluated by plate counting, PCR and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by using the broth microdilution method. In addition, we assessed the effect of the CRISPR-Cas9 system of adaptive immunity on the prevention of the exogenous resistant plasmids pNDM-5 by introducing the system into E coli J53. Results The results showed that pCas9, pCas9-oriT and pBAD-Cas9-oriT can effectively eliminate bla NDM-5 in E. coli with >94.00% elimination efficiency. The bla NDM-5-harboring E. coli successfully restored their susceptibility to meropenem, with eight-fold reduction of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (from 16 µg/mL to 0.06 µg/mL). The E. coli J53 strain containing plasmid pCas9-N reduced the number of transconjugants by 26-fold. Conclusion The CRISPR-Cas9 system achieved plasmid clearance and simultaneous re-sensitization to meropenem in E. coli. The CRISPR-Cas9 system could block the horizontal transfer of plasmid pNDM-5. The conjugative delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 provides a new tool for the removal of resistance plasmids and sensitize the recipient to carbapenem. It provides a therapeutic approach to counteract the propagation of bla NDM-5 gene among clinical pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenguang Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China
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