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Mohd Fuad AS, Amran NA, Nasruddin NS, Burhanudin NA, Dashper S, Arzmi MH. The Mechanisms of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics in Oral Cancer Management. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1298-1311. [PMID: 36048406 PMCID: PMC9434094 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral carcinogenesis is preceded by oral diseases associated with inflammation such as periodontitis and oral candidiasis, which are contributed by chronic alcoholism, smoking, poor oral hygiene, and microbial infections. Dysbiosis is an imbalance of microbial composition due to oral infection, which has been reported to contribute to oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, in this review, we summarised the role of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics in promoting a balanced oral microbiome, which may prevent oral carcinogenesis due to oral infections. Probiotics have been shown to produce biofilm, which possesses antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. Meanwhile, prebiotics can support growth and increase the benefit of probiotics. In addition, postbiotics possess antibacterial, anticariogenic, and anticancer properties that potentially aid in oral cancer prevention and treatment. The use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics for oral cancer management is still limited despite their vast potential, thus, discovering their prospects could herald a novel approach to disease prevention and treatment while participating in combating antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalina Sakiinah Mohd Fuad
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aqilah Amran
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Jardin Pharma Berhad, Sunway Subang Business Park, Selangor, 40150, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Diagnostic Craniofacial and Bioscience, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Aszlitah Burhanudin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Diagnosis, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Stuart Dashper
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3055, Australia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
- Jardin Pharma Berhad, Sunway Subang Business Park, Selangor, 40150, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
- Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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Guryanova SV, Balandin SV, Belogurova-Ovchinnikova OY, Ovchinnikova TV. Marine Invertebrate Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Potential as Novel Peptide Antibiotics. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:503. [PMID: 37888438 PMCID: PMC10608444 DOI: 10.3390/md21100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates constantly interact with a wide range of microorganisms in their aquatic environment and possess an effective defense system that has enabled their existence for millions of years. Their lack of acquired immunity sets marine invertebrates apart from other marine animals. Invertebrates could rely on their innate immunity, providing the first line of defense, survival, and thriving. The innate immune system of marine invertebrates includes various biologically active compounds, and specifically, antimicrobial peptides. Nowadays, there is a revive of interest in these peptides due to the urgent need to discover novel drugs against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, a pressing global concern in modern healthcare. Modern technologies offer extensive possibilities for the development of innovative drugs based on these compounds, which can act against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. This review focuses on structural peculiarities, biological functions, gene expression, biosynthesis, mechanisms of antimicrobial action, regulatory activities, and prospects for the therapeutic use of antimicrobial peptides derived from marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Guryanova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Balandin
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
| | | | - Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
- Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Isolated Marine Compounds. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020093. [PMID: 36828408 PMCID: PMC9966175 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To combat the ineffectiveness of currently available pharmaceutical medications, caused by the emergence of increasingly resistant bacterial and fungal strains, novel antibacterial and antifungal medications are urgently needed. Novel natural compounds with antimicrobial activities can be obtained by exploring underexplored habitats such as the world's oceans. The oceans represent the largest ecosystem on earth, with a high diversity of organisms. Oceans have received some attention in the past few years, and promising compounds with antimicrobial activities were isolated from marine organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, sea cucumbers, sea sponges, etc. This review covers 56 antifungal and 40 antibacterial compounds from marine organisms. These compounds are categorized according to their chemical structure groups, including polyketides, alkaloids, ribosomal peptides, and terpenes, and their organismal origin. The review provides the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC values and the bacterial/fungal strains against which these chemical compounds show activity. This study shows strong potential for witnessing the development of new novel antimicrobial drugs from these natural compounds isolated and evaluated for their antimicrobial activities.
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Van Genechten W, Van Dijck P, Demuyser L. Fluorescent toys 'n' tools lighting the way in fungal research. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:fuab013. [PMID: 33595628 PMCID: PMC8498796 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although largely overlooked compared to bacterial infections, fungal infections pose a significant threat to the health of humans and other organisms. Many pathogenic fungi, especially Candida species, are extremely versatile and flexible in adapting to various host niches and stressful situations. This leads to high pathogenicity and increasing resistance to existing drugs. Due to the high level of conservation between fungi and mammalian cells, it is hard to find fungus-specific drug targets for novel therapy development. In this respect, it is vital to understand how these fungi function on a molecular, cellular as well as organismal level. Fluorescence imaging allows for detailed analysis of molecular mechanisms, cellular structures and interactions on different levels. In this manuscript, we provide researchers with an elaborate and contemporary overview of fluorescence techniques that can be used to study fungal pathogens. We focus on the available fluorescent labelling techniques and guide our readers through the different relevant applications of fluorescent imaging, from subcellular events to multispecies interactions and diagnostics. As well as cautioning researchers for potential challenges and obstacles, we offer hands-on tips and tricks for efficient experimentation and share our expert-view on future developments and possible improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Van Genechten
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200g, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Demuyser
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
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Boparai JK, Sharma PK. Mini Review on Antimicrobial Peptides, Sources, Mechanism and Recent Applications. Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:4-16. [PMID: 31438824 PMCID: PMC6978648 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190822165812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides in recent years have gained increased interest among scientists, health professionals and the pharmaceutical companies owing to their therapeutic potential. These are low molecular weight proteins with broad range antimicrobial and immuno modulatory activities against infectious bacteria (Gram positive and Gram negative), viruses and fungi. Inability of micro-organisms to develop resistance against most of the antimicrobial peptide has made them as an efficient product which can greatly impact the new era of antimicrobials. In addition to this these peptides also demonstrates increased efficacy, high specificity, decreased drug interaction, low toxicity, biological diversity and direct attacking properties. Pharmaceutical industries are therefore conducting appropriate clinical trials to develop these peptides as potential therapeutic drugs. More than 60 peptide drugs have already reached the market and several hundreds of novel therapeutic peptides are in preclinical and clinical development. Rational designing can be used further to modify the chemical and physical properties of existing peptides. This mini review will discuss the sources, mechanism and recent therapeutic applications of antimicrobial peptides in treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur Boparai
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Pushpender Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
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Maciel Quatrin P, Flores Dalla Lana D, Andrzejewski Kaminski TF, Meneghello Fuentefria A. Fungal infection models: Current progress of
ex vivo
methods. Mycoses 2019; 62:860-873. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Maciel Quatrin
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Daiane Flores Dalla Lana
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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Wang C, Yu Z, Shi X, Tang X, Wang Y, Wang X, An Y, Li S, Li Y, Wang X, Luan W, Chen Z, Liu M, Yu L. Triclosan Enhances the Clearing of Pathogenic Intracellular Salmonella or Candida albicans but Disturbs the Intestinal Microbiota through mTOR-Independent Autophagy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29515975 PMCID: PMC5826388 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, whose well-known antibacterial mechanism is inhibiting lipid synthesis. Autophagy, an innate immune response, is an intracellular process that delivers the cargo including pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. In this study, we first demonstrated that TCS induced autophagy in a dose-dependent manner in non-phagocytic cells (HeLa) and in macrophages (Raw264.7) and in vivo. The western blot results also revealed that TCS induced autophagy via the AMPK/ULK1 and JNK/ERK/p38 pathways independent of mTOR. The immunofluorescence results indicated that TCS up-regulated the expression of the ubiquitin receptors NDP52 and p62 and strengthened the co-localization of these receptors with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) or Candida albicans (C. albicans) in infected MΦ cells. In addition, sub-lethal concentrations of TCS enhanced the clearing of the pathogens S. typhimurium or C. albicans in infected MΦ and in corresponding mouse infection models in vivo. Specifically, we found that a sub-inhibitory concentration of TCS induced autophagy, leading to an imbalance of the intestinal microflora in mice through the analysis of 16s rRNA Sequencing. Together, these results demonstrated that TCS induced autophagy, which enhanced the killing against pathogenic S. typhimurium or C. albicans within mammal cells but broke the balance of the intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongyang Yu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Key Lab for New Drugs Research of TCM in Shenzhen, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Key Lab for New Drugs Research of TCM in Shenzhen, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanan An
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjing Luan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaobin Chen
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Abstract
In recent years, the increase of invasive fungal infections and the emergence of antifungal resistance stressed the need for new antifungal drugs. Peptides have shown to be good candidates for the development of alternative antimicrobial agents through high-throughput screening, and subsequent optimization according to a rational approach. This review presents a brief overview on antifungal natural peptides of different sources (animals, plants, micro-organisms), peptide fragments derived by proteolytic cleavage of precursor physiological proteins (cryptides), synthetic unnatural peptides and peptide derivatives. Antifungal peptides are schematically reported based on their structure, antifungal spectrum and reported effects. Natural or synthetic peptides and their modified derivatives may represent the basis for new compounds active against fungal infections.
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Shin SH, Kim B, Park S, Jo S, Lee IH. Haloganan: a novel antimicrobial peptide for treatmentof wound infections. Peptides 2014; 62:137-43. [PMID: 25445605 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HG1 is a Leu-rich antimicrobial peptide (AMP). Previously, the peptide was shown to lose its activity in human serum although it possessed potent and broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogenic microbes. In an attempt to design an HG1 isomer that can overcome the problem of HG1, a structure–activity relationship study was conducted by substitution of each of five Leu residues with a Gln residue. Each substitute was tested for its antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or Candida strains. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of HG1 isomers was examined in the presence of glycosaminoglycans or lipid components occurring in the extracellular matrix, human serum and wound fluid. As a result, it was determined that the third residue (Leu) in the sequence of HG1 was mainly responsible for abrogation of its antimicrobial activity in human serum or wound fluid. An HG1 isomer (L3Q) with a Gln-3 substitution exhibited a potent antibacterial activity in 50% human serum. While the anti-MRSA activity of L3Q was equivalent to that of HG1, its anti-Candida activity was found to be substantially reduced. In order to improve anti-Candida activity of L3Q, its cationicity was enhanced by replacement of the C-terminal Ala-19 with a Lys residue. Overall, an HG1 isomer with two substitutions of Gln-3 and Lys-19, named haloganan, was verified to have an advantage over HG1 in that it exerted its potent antimicrobial activity under conditions containing human serum and/or wound fluid.
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