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Jarrett RA, Erasmus MA, Murillo AC, Scoles KL, Robison CI, Jones DR, Karcher DM. Laying hen production and welfare in a cage-free setting is impacted by the northern fowl mite. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Arce SI, Antoniazzi LR, Fasano AA, Manzoli DE, Gomez M, Sosa CC, Quiroga MA, Lareschi M, Beldomenico PM. Factors associated with prevalence and intensity of the northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) in commercial poultry farms of Argentina. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1281-1293. [PMID: 35314892 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The haematophagous mite Ornithonyssus sylviarum may cause important economic losses in commercial poultry farms whilst also potentially affecting the health of farm workers. The dynamics of this ectoparasite has been linked to several factors, including wild birds, fomites, farm workers, management of hen houses, and host traits. Along two consecutive years, we carried out systematic sampling at three laying hen farms located in Santa Fe province, Argentina, with the aim of identifying factors that may influence O. sylviarum prevalence and intensity. We found that the density of feathers around the hen vent area and the presence of Menoponidae lice were negatively associated with mite abundance. We also found that the density of hens in the cages was negatively associated with mite prevalence, suggesting a possible dilution effect, whereas prior reports found a positive association with hen density. In addition, summer was the season with minimum mite prevalences and intensities, contrary to previous studies in northern farms where warm weather appeared to prompt an increase in mite populations. Another factor associated with mite intensity was age, but this effect varied depending on the season, which hints that the association between hen's age and mites is complex. Basic epidemiological knowledge on O. sylviarum in poultry farms from South America may aid in a more efficient and integrative approach to its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía I Arce
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Leandro R Antoniazzi
- Instituto de Bio Y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), Universidad Nacional de Salta - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (UNSa-CONICET), Salta, Argentina
| | - Agustín A Fasano
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Darío E Manzoli
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Micaela Gomez
- Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudia C Sosa
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Martín A Quiroga
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (UADER), Parana, Argentina
| | - Marcela Lareschi
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos Y de Vectores (CEPAVE), CCT - CONICET - La Plata/Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo M Beldomenico
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina. .,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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McCulloch JB, Owen JP, Hinkle NC, Mullens BA, Busch JW. Genetic Structure of Northern Fowl Mite (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) Populations Among Layer Chicken Flocks and Local House Sparrows (Passeriformes: Passeridae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:122-130. [PMID: 31504688 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The northern fowl mite (NFM) Ornithonyssus sylviarum Canestrini and Fanzago is a blood-feeding ectoparasite found on many wild bird species and is a pest of poultry in the United States. It is unknown where NFM infestations of poultry originate, which has made it difficult to establish preventative biosecurity or effective control. We used microsatellite markers to evaluate genetic variation within and among NFM populations to determine routes of introduction onto farms and long-term persistence. We compared NFM from flocks of chickens (Gallus gallus) on different farms in California, Washington, and Georgia, and we compared NFM collected over a 5-yr interval. On three farms we collected NFM from chickens and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) nesting on each farm, which we used to assess movement between host species. There was strong genetic structure among mites from different poultry farms and low estimates of migration between farms. There were significant differences between mites on chickens and house sparrows on two farms where sparrows nested near flocks, indicating no exchange of mites. Only one farm showed evidence of NFM movement between chickens and sparrows. There was high genetic similarity between mites collected 5 yr apart on each of two farms, indicating that NFM infestations can persist for long periods. The genetic patterns did not reveal sources of NFM infestations on chicken farms. The data suggest that NFMs are strongly differentiated, which likely reflects periodic population declines with flock turnover and pesticide pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeb P Owen
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Nancy C Hinkle
- Department of Entomology University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Bradley A Mullens
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Jeremiah W Busch
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
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Occurrence of Ornithonyssus sylviarum in pet birds from the district of Setúbal, Portugal. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2041-2046. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jansson DS, Otman F, Lundqvist L, Höglund J, Engström A, Chirico J. Northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) in Sweden. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2014; 28:443-446. [PMID: 24602037 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Haematophagous mites were collected from the vent region and plumage of chickens in six hobby flocks of ornamental breeds in Sweden, one of which included turkeys. Soiled vent skin and feathers, dermatitis, hyperkeratosis, skin necroses and ulcers were observed in 12 necropsied birds from two of the flocks. The mites were identified as the northern fowl mite Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae). This was supported by sequence analysis of a 642-bp region in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene (COI) in mites collected from five flocks, which showed 97-99% sequence similarity to O. sylviarum by blast analysis. Pairwise sequence comparisons revealed nucleotide variations in the range of 0-2.8%, whereas amino acid sequences were highly conserved. This paper represents one of very few records of O. sylviarum in European poultry, and is the first to report COI sequence data for O. sylviarum from poultry in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Jansson
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden
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Mullens B, Soto D, Martin C, Callaham B, Gerry A. Northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) control evaluations using liquid formulations of diatomaceous earth, kaolin, sulfur, azadirachtin, and Beauveria bassiana on caged laying hens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2012. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2011-00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mullens BA, Owen JP, Kuney DR, Szijj CE, Klingler KA. Temporal changes in distribution, prevalence and intensity of northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) parasitism in commercial caged laying hens, with a comprehensive economic analysis of parasite impact. Vet Parasitol 2009; 160:116-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Revised: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yazwinski T, Tucker C, Robins J, Powell J, Phillips M, Johnson Z, Clark D, Wolfenden R. Effectiveness of Various Acaricides in the Treatment of Naturally Occurring Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Northern Fowl Mite) Infestations of Chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/japr/14.2.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mullens B, Kuney D, Hinkle N, Szijj C. Producer Attitudes and Control Practices for Northern Fowl Mites in Southern California. J APPL POULTRY RES 2004. [DOI: 10.1093/japr/13.3.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Proctor HC. Feather mites (Acari: Astigmata): ecology, behavior, and evolution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2001; 48:185-209. [PMID: 12208818 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Birds host many lineages of symbiotic mites, but the greatest diversity is shown by the three superfamilies of astigmatan feather mites: Analgoidea, Pterolichoidea, and Freyanoidea. Members of this diphyletic grouping have colonized all parts of the avian integument from their ancestral nidicolous habitat. Whereas some clearly feed on feather pith or skin, acting as parasites, other feather mites are paraphages and consume feather oils without causing structural damage. Sexual dimorphism in feather mites is often extreme, and little is known of the function of many elaborate male structures. Abundance and location of vane-dwelling mites is affected by season, temperature, light, humidity, and host body condition. Because transmission between hosts usually depends on host body contact, it is unsurprising that feather mite phylogeny often parallels host phylogeny; however, recent cladistic analyses have also found evidence of host-jumping and "missing the boat" in several mite lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Proctor
- Australian School of Environmental Studies, Griffith University, Nathan 4111 Queensland, Australia.
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