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Alforma AMP, Pereira GR, da Rocha MK, Teixeira ODS, de Oliveira MCM, Lima JA, Cumbe TA, Barcellos JOJ. Influence of weaning management at 30, 75 and 180 days of age on non-esterified fatty acids and reproductive performance in beef cows. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:407-417. [PMID: 35616028 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of age at weaning of calves on non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and reproductive parameters of beef cows. Animals (n = 65) were randomly assigned to three treatments after calving: hyper-early weaning (W30) at 32 ± 0.89 days, early weaning (W75) at 77 ± 0.95 days, and conventional weaning (W180) at 183 ± 0.82 days. Body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were evaluated at parturition (AP) and at 30, 45, 64, 81, 100 and 115 days postpartum (dPP). Blood samples were collected to analyze NEFA levels and progesterone (P4) at 30, 45, 64 and 81 dPP. Higher BW and BCS were observed from 64 to 115 dPP in W30 cows than W180 ones (p < 0.05). Cows subjected to W30 condition had higher levels of NEFA at 30 dPP compared to 64 and 81 dPP (p < 0.05). We also observed that cows from W180 group showed decreased levels of NEFA at 30 dPP compared to 45 (p < 0.01) and 64 dPP (p < 0.05). The highest P4 level was observed at 64 dPP in W30 cows compared to W75 and W180 (p < 0.05). We also observed higher CR of W30 (86%) compared to W180 (47%) at 45 dPP (p < 0.05). The overall pregnancy rate (PR) was higher for W30 (95.5%) than W180 (73.9%). In addition, higher BW at calving and P4 levels at 30 dPP were positively correlated with the possibility of pregnancy (p < 0.05). Improvement in BW and BCS were observed in cows subjected to hyper-early weaning management. However, levels of NEFA decreased as the postpartum period progressed. We concluded that cows who weaned calves hyper-early have greater chances of increasing cyclicity and PRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antónia Mendes Paizano Alforma
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,Estação Zootécnica de Angónia (EZA), Centro Regional da Zona Centro, Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM), Ulónguè, Tete, Moçambique
| | - Gabriel Ribas Pereira
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Marcela Kuczynski da Rocha
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Odilene de Souza Teixeira
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Maria Carolina Muniz de Oliveira
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Júlia Abud Lima
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Télis Adolfo Cumbe
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil.,Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Zambeze, Ulónguè, Tete, Moçambique
| | - Júlio Otávio Jardim Barcellos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, PPG Zootecnia, Núcleo de Estudos em Sistemas de Produção (NESPro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Missio D, Fritzen A, Cupper Vieira C, Germano Ferst J, Farias Fiorenza M, Guedes de Andrade L, Martins de Menezes B, Tomazele Rovani M, Gazieira Gasperin B, Dias Gonçalves PB, Ferreira R. Increased β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration affect follicular growth in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 243:107033. [PMID: 35816934 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic stress conditions caused by negative energy balance (NEB) have been associated with reduced fertility in cows. β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) is the main circulating ketone body, which accumulates within follicular fluid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BHBA on follicle growth and on ovulatory mechanisms in cattle. At 72 h after intrafollicular injection, there was a decrease in follicular diameter in BHBA group compared to control (P = 0.02). Furthermore, follicle growth rate was reduced post-treatment with BHBA in comparison to the control group (P < 0.03). The BHBA intrafollicular injection in follicles ≥ 12 mm, however, did not affect E2 and P4 concentrations in the follicular fluid. In addition, the relative abundance of genes involved in the ovulatory cascade (ADAM 17, AREG, EREG, PTGS2), steroidogenesis (CYP19A1, 3BHSD, STAR), cellular stress (SOD1, CAT, GPX1, HSPA5, XBP1s, XBP1u, ATF4, ATF6), monocarboxylic acid transporters (SLC16A1, SLC16A7) and apoptosis (XIAP) was similar between groups. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the increase in intrafollicular concentrations of BHBA affects follicular growth, but it does not compromise the ovulatory cascade and cellular homeostasis in bovine granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Missio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Fritzen
- Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila Cupper Vieira
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Germano Ferst
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariani Farias Fiorenza
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Guedes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bento Martins de Menezes
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Monique Tomazele Rovani
- Department of Animal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogério Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Paul V, Krishnan G, Deori S, Bam J, Chakravarty P, Sarkar M. Body status and blood metabolites profiles during resumption of postpartum ovarian activity in yak (Poephagus grunniens). Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:1377-1386. [PMID: 34378257 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the changes in body weight (BW), back-fat thickness (BFT) and blood metabolites in relation to postpartum (PP) ovarian activity status in twenty female yaks raised under semi-intensive system. BFT and ovarian activities, like follicle development, ovulation (OV) and corpus luteum (CL) development, were monitored from 4 to 15 weeks (wk) PP using ultrasonography. Resumption of ovarian activity was confirmed with ovulation of dominant follicle (DF) and subsequent CL development, and >1 ng/ml progesterone concentration in blood plasma sample after 1week of ovulation. Yaks were further classified as cyclic (with CL), acyclic (without CL), and cystic (with >25 mm follicular cyst; FC). Within 20 weeks PP, 60% yaks resumed cyclic ovarian activity, while 25% failed to initiate cycling activity, and 15% developed follicular cysts. In all categories of yak, BW gradually decreased (p < .05) till nadir; however, nadir reached earlier (p < .05) in acyclic yaks. BFT differed (p < .05) among the yak groups, but it tended to be higher in cyclic yaks as compared to acyclic and cystic. No difference (p > .05) in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) values was found among the different categories of yaks, whereas, beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) levels were higher in cystic animals as compared to acyclic and cyclic. Blood glucose levels decreased in all yaks during initial 2 weeks after calving. Our findings suggest that yaks with low BW, BFT and glucose levels, and higher BHB values were at risk of delayed resumption of ovarian activity and concomitant development of follicular cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Paul
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - G Krishnan
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India.,ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Deori
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India.,ICAR-Research Complex for NEH region, Meghalaya, India
| | - Joken Bam
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - P Chakravarty
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
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Guo L, Li M, Gao X, Yang Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Lu W. Two melatonin treatments improve the conception rate after fixed-time artificial insemination in beef heifers following synchronisation of oestrous cycles using the CoSynch-56 protocol. Aust Vet J 2021; 99:449-455. [PMID: 34254288 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of melatonin administration in combination with the CoSynch-56 protocol on the conception rate after artificial insemination (AI) in beef heifers. METHODS Eighty-six beef heifers were allocated to four treatments in combination with CoSynch-56 treatment. All heifers, excluding the control group (CTR = 25), were injected with melatonin on day 1. The melatonin (MT = 20) and MT + human chorionic gonadotropin (MT + hCG = 21) groups received no further treatment with melatonin. Each heifer was treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 4, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on day 11, and GnRH and AI 56 h later. The fourth group (2MT = 20) was injected again with melatonin concurrent with AI, and the MT + hCG group received hCG on day 19. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using transrectal ultrasonography 45 days after AI and blood samples were collected via caudal venipuncture on days 0-1, 14-15, 24 and 59. Concentrations of progesterone (P4) and the activities of oxidative stress-related enzymes were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The conception rate was greater in the 2MT group (75%) than in the other groups, while there was no significant difference among the CTR (44%), MT (45%) and MT + hCG (38.1%) groups. Treatment with melatonin increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and decreased malondialdehyde concentrations but did not significantly affect the concentration of P4. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the administration of melatonin twice during the CoSynch-56 protocol may increase conception rates in beef heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guo
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - M Li
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - X Gao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Y Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - J Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - J Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - W Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.,Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory for Ruminant Reproductive Biotechnology and Healthy Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
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Comparison between the 5-day cosynch and 7-day estradiol-based protocols for synchronization of ovulation and timed artificial insemination in suckled BOS taurus BEEF cows. Theriogenology 2019; 131:72-78. [PMID: 30947077 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to compare pregnancy per AI and follicular dynamic in suckled Bos taurus beef cows treated with either a 7-day progesterone + estradiol-based protocol or a 5-day progesterone CoSynch protocol for timed artificial insemination (TAI) during four breeding seasons. We hypothesized that estrous cycle status, days postpartum (DPP), fat depth and plasma progesterone concentration differentially modify the effect of treatments. Every year, 9 days before initiation of each breeding season, cows were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Cows in the 7-d P + E group (n = 428) received a progesterone intravaginal device (DIB) and estradiol benzoate on Day -9. On Day -2 the device was removed, and cows received cloprostenol and estradiol cypionate. Forty-eight hours later (Day 0) cows received TAI. Cows in the 5-d P + CoS group (n = 428) received a DIB, and GnRH on Day -8. On Day -3, the device was removed, and cows received cloprostenol. A second dose of cloprostenol was given on Day -2. Cows received GnRH and TAI 72 h after device removal (Day 0). On Day -9, estrous cycle status was determined. In a subset of cows (n = 79) the size of the dominant follicle was determined between Days -2 and 0. In another subset of cows (n = 340), DPP, fat depth (mm) and plasma progesterone concentration (ng/mL) were evaluated on Day -9. Pregnancy per AI was determined 30 d after TAI. Pregnancy per AI was greater for cows in the 5-d P + CoS group than for cows in the 7-d P + E group (50.9% vs. 41.3%, P = 0.01) and was also greater in cyclic than in anestrus cows (54.3% vs. 33.2%, P < 0.0001). There was also a significant effect of breeding season (P = 0.0002) and sire (P = 0.03), and an interaction between treatment group and breeding season (P = 0.03). The dominant follicle was larger (P < 0.0001) in cows in the 5-d P + CoS group than the 7-d P + E group (10.7 ± 0.29 mm vs. 9.0 ± 0.28 mm). Pregnancy per AI was greater in cows with ≥55 DPP (47.0% vs. 29.6%, P = 0.001), fat depth ≥0.50 mm (44.7% vs. 29.7%), and with plasma progesterone concentration ≥1 ng/mL (47.2% vs. 28.7%, P = 0.01). In cows with plasma progesterone ≥1 ng/mL on Day -9, pregnancy per AI was greater in the 5-d P + CoS group (60.5%) than in the 7-d P + E group (34.9%), but there was no difference between treatment groups in cows with plasma progesterone < 1 ng/mL (P = 0.07). In conclusion, the 5-d P + CoS protocol resulted in greater size of the dominant follicle and pregnancy per AI in suckled Bos taurus beef cows subjected to TAI.
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