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Fujihira H, Sato K, Nishiuchi Y, Murase T, Matsuda Y, Yoshida Y, Kamei T, Suzuki T. ELISA-based highly sensitive assay system for the detection of endogenous NGLY1 activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149826. [PMID: 38581946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Cytosolic peptide:N-glycanase (NGLY1, PNGase) is an enzyme that cleaves N-glycans from misfolded glycoproteins. In 2012, a human genetic disorder, NGLY1 deficiency, was first reported to be caused by mutations of the NGLY1 gene. Since then, there has been rapid progresses on NGLY1 biology, and gene therapy has been proposed as a promising therapeutic option for NGLY1 deficiency. While a plasma/urine biomarker has also been developed for this disease, detection of NGLY1 activity could be another viable option for early diagnosis of NGLY1 deficiency. Thus far, several in vitro and in cellulo NGLY1 assays have been reported, but those assay systems have several issues that must be addressed in order to develop an assay system compatible for routine clinical examination. Here, we show a facile, highly sensitive in vitro assay system that could be used to detect NGLY1 activity by utilizing its sequence editing function, i.e. conversion of glycosylated Asn into Asp, followed by a detection of newly generated epitope (HA)-tag by anti-HA antibody. Using this ELISA-based assay, we detected endogenous NGLY1 activity in as little as 2 μg of crude extract, which is the equivalent of 5 × 103 cells. Our system also detects NGLY1 activity from cells with compromised NGLY1 activity, such as iPS cells from patient samples. This assay system could be applied in future clinical examinations to achieve an early diagnosis of NGLY1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fujihira
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Division of Glycobiologics, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yukiko Yoshida
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kamei
- Global Advanced Platform, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan; NGLY1 Deficiency Project, T-CiRA Joint Program, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Suzuki
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; NGLY1 Deficiency Project, T-CiRA Joint Program, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
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Hirayama H, Tachida Y, Fujinawa R, Matsuda Y, Murase T, Nishiuchi Y, Suzuki T. Development of a fluorescence and quencher-based FRET assay for detection of endogenous peptide:N-glycanase/NGLY1 activity. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107121. [PMID: 38417795 PMCID: PMC11065741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic peptide:N-glycanase (PNGase/NGLY1 in mammals) catalyzes deglycosylation of N-glycans on glycoproteins. A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NGLY1 gene leads to NGLY1 deficiency with symptoms including motor deficits and neurological problems. Effective therapies have not been established, though, a recent study used the administration of an adeno-associated viral vector expressing human NGLY1 to dramatically rescue motor functions in young Ngly1-/- rats. Thus, early therapeutic intervention may improve symptoms arising from central nervous system dysfunction, and assay methods for measuring NGLY1 activity in biological samples are critical for early diagnostics. In this study, we established an assay system for plate-based detection of endogenous NGLY1 activity using a FRET-based probe. Using this method, we revealed significant changes in NGLY1 activity in rat brains during aging. This novel assay offers reliable disease diagnostics and provides valuable insights into the regulation of PNGase/NGLY1 activity in diverse organisms under different stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Hirayama
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Riken, Wako Saitama, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuriko Tachida
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Riken, Wako Saitama, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Reiko Fujinawa
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Riken, Wako Saitama, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Tadashi Suzuki
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Riken, Wako Saitama, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Suzuki T. A commentary on 'Patient-derived gene and protein expression signatures of NGLY1 deficiency'. J Biochem 2024; 175:221-223. [PMID: 38156787 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The cytosolic peptide:N-glycanase (PNGase; NGLY1 in human and PNG1 in budding yeast) is a deglycosylating enzyme widely conserved in eukaryotes. Initially, functional importance of this enzyme remained unknown as the png1Δ mutant in yeast did not exhibit any significant phenotypes. However, the discovery of NGLY1 deficiency, a rare genetic disorder with biallelic mutations in NGLY1 gene, prompted an intensification of research that has resulted in uncovering the significance of NGLY1 as well as the proteins under its influence that are involved in numerous cellular processes. A recent report by Rauscher et al. (Patient-derived gene and protein expression signatures of NGLY1 deficiency. J. Biochem. 2022; 171: 187-199) presented a comprehensive summary of transcriptome/proteome analyses of various cell types derived from NGLY1-deficient patients. The authors also provide a web application called 'NGLY1 browser', which will allow researchers to have access to a wealth of information on gene and protein expression signature for patients with NGLY1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Suzuki
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Suzuki T, Fujihira H. NGLY1: A fascinating, multifunctional molecule. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130379. [PMID: 37951368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
NGLY1, a cytoplasmic de-N-glycosylating enzyme is well conserved among eukaryotes. This enzyme has attracted considerable attention after mutations on the NGLY1 gene were found to cause a rare genetic disorder called NGLY1 deficiency. Recent explosive progress in NGLY1 research has revealed multi-functional aspects of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Suzuki
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Haruhiko Fujihira
- Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
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Walber S, Partalidou G, Gerling‐Driessen UIM. NGLY1 Deficiency: A Rare Genetic Disorder Unlocks Therapeutic Potential for Common Diseases. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walber
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Georgia Partalidou
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Ulla I. M. Gerling‐Driessen
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
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