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Khan SS, Jaimon E, Lin YE, Nikoloff J, Tonelli F, Alessi DR, Pfeffer SR. Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402206121. [PMID: 39088390 PMCID: PMC11317616 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402206121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Activating leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations cause Parkinson's and phosphorylation of Rab10 by pathogenic LRRK2 blocks primary ciliogenesis in cultured cells. In the mouse brain, LRRK2 blockade of primary cilia is highly cell type specific: For example, cholinergic interneurons and astrocytes but not medium spiny neurons of the dorsal striatum lose primary cilia in LRRK2-pathway mutant mice. We show here that the cell type specificity of LRRK2-mediated cilia loss is also seen in human postmortem striatum from patients with LRRK2 pathway mutations and idiopathic Parkinson's. Single nucleus RNA sequencing shows that cilia loss in mouse cholinergic interneurons is accompanied by decreased glial-derived neurotrophic factor transcription, decreasing neuroprotection for dopamine neurons. Nevertheless, LRRK2 expression differences cannot explain the unique vulnerability of cholinergic neurons to LRRK2 kinase as much higher LRRK2 expression is seen in medium spiny neurons that have normal cilia. In parallel with decreased striatal dopaminergic neurite density, LRRK2 G2019S neurons show increased autism-linked CNTN5 adhesion protein expression; glial cells show significant loss of ferritin heavy chain. These data strongly suggest that loss of cilia in specific striatal cell types decreases neuroprotection for dopamine neurons in mice and human Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad S. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305-5307
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
| | - Ebsy Jaimon
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305-5307
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
| | - Yu-En Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305-5307
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
| | - Jonas Nikoloff
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305-5307
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, DundeeDD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, DundeeDD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne R. Pfeffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305-5307
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD20815
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2
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Murray MB, Dixon SJ. Ferroptosis regulation by Cap'n'collar family transcription factors. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107583. [PMID: 39025451 PMCID: PMC11387702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death mechanism that may be important to prevent tumor formation and useful as a target for new cancer therapies. Transcriptional networks play a crucial role in shaping ferroptosis sensitivity by regulating the expression of transporters, metabolic enzymes, and other proteins. The Cap'n'collar (CNC) protein NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NFE2L2, also known as NRF2) is a key regulator of ferroptosis in many cells and contexts. Emerging evidence indicates that the related CNC family members, BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) and NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 1 (NFE2L1), also have roles in ferroptosis regulation. Here, we comprehensively review the role of CNC transcription factors in governing cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis. We describe how CNC family members regulate ferroptosis sensitivity through modulation of iron, lipid, and redox metabolism. We also use examples of ferroptosis regulation by CNC proteins to illustrate the flexible and highly context-dependent nature of the ferroptosis mechanism in different cells and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
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3
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Nishizawa H, Matsumoto M, Yamanaka M, Irikura R, Nakajima K, Tada K, Nakayama Y, Konishi M, Itoh N, Funayama R, Nakayama K, Igarashi K. BACH1 inhibits senescence, obesity, and short lifespan by ferroptotic FGF21 secretion. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114403. [PMID: 38943639 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. A model cell system is constructed to induce ferroptosis by re-expressing the transcription factor BACH1, a potent ferroptosis inducer, in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs). The transfer of the culture supernatant from ferroptotic iMEFs activates the proliferation of hepatoma cells and other fibroblasts and suppresses cellular senescence-like features. The BACH1-dependent secretion of the longevity factor FGF21 is increased in ferroptotic iMEFs. The anti-senescent effects of the culture supernatant from these iMEFs are abrogated by Fgf21 knockout. BACH1 activates the transcription of Fgf21 by promoting ferroptotic stress and increases FGF21 protein expression by suppressing its autophagic degradation through transcriptional Sqstm1 and Lamp2 repression. The BACH1-induced ferroptotic FGF21 secretion suppresses obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice and the short lifespan of progeria mice. The inhibition of these aging-related phenotypes can be physiologically significant regarding ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mie Yamanaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institute, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Riko Irikura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Nakajima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tada
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Morichika Konishi
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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4
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Glaviano F, Esposito R, Somma E, Sagi A, Aflalo ED, Costantini M, Zupo V. Molecular Approaches Detect Early Signals of Programmed Cell Death in Hippolyte inermis Leach. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6169-6185. [PMID: 38921039 PMCID: PMC11202572 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The protandric shrimp Hippolyte inermis is the only known marine invertebrate whose sex determination is strongly influenced by the composition of its food. In H. inermis, a sex reversal is triggered by the ingestion of diatoms of the genus Cocconeis associated with leaves of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica. These diatoms contain compounds that promote programmed cell death (PCD) in H. inermis and also in human cancer cells. Transcriptomic analyses suggested that ferroptosis is the primary trigger of the shrimp's sex reversal, leading to the rapid destruction of the androgen gland (AG) followed by a chain of apoptotic events transforming the testes into ovaries. Here, we propose a molecular approach to detect the effects of compounds stimulating the PCD. An RNA extraction method, suitable for young shrimp post-larvae (five days after metamorphosis; PL5 stage), was established. In addition, six genes involved in apoptosis, four involved in ferroptosis, and seven involved in the AG switch were mined from the transcriptome, and their expression levels were followed using real-time qPCR in PL5 fed on Cocconeis spp., compared to PL5 fed on a basic control feed. Our molecular approach, which detected early signals of sex reversal, represents a powerful instrument for investigating physiological progression and patterns of PCD in marine invertebrates. It exemplifies the physiological changes that may start a few days after the settlement of post-larvae and determine the life destiny of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Glaviano
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia, Italy; (F.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Roberta Esposito
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton n. 55, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Somma
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia, Italy; (F.G.); (E.S.)
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Amir Sagi
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.S.); (E.D.A.)
| | - Eliahu D. Aflalo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.S.); (E.D.A.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Achva Academic College, Arugot 7980400, Israel
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton n. 55, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia, Italy; (F.G.); (E.S.)
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5
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Fortuna V, Lima J, Oliveira GF, Oliveira YS, Getachew B, Nekhai S, Aschner M, Tizabi Y. Ferroptosis as an emerging target in sickle cell disease. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 7:100181. [PMID: 39021403 PMCID: PMC11252799 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobin disorder marked by red blood cell sickling, resulting in severe anemia, painful episodes, extensive organ damage, and shortened life expectancy. In SCD, increased iron levels can trigger ferroptosis, a specific type of cell death characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide accumulation, leading to damage and organ impairments. The intricate interplay between iron, ferroptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in SCD underscores the necessity of thoroughly understanding these processes for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This review highlights the importance of balancing the complex interactions among various factors and exploitation of the knowledge in developing novel therapeutics for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Fortuna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Yasmin S. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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6
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Su Z, Liu Y, Xia Z, Rustgi AK, Gu W. An unexpected role for the ketogenic diet in triggering tumor metastasis by modulating BACH1-mediated transcription. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm9481. [PMID: 38838145 PMCID: PMC11152127 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
We have found that the ketogenic (Keto) diet is able to, unexpectedly, promote the metastatic potential of cancer cells in complementary mouse models. Notably, the Keto diet-induced tumor metastasis is dependent on BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) and its up-regulation of pro-metastatic targets, including cell migration-inducing hyaluronidase 1, in response to the Keto diet. By contrast, upon genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition of endogenous BACH1, the Keto diet-mediated activation of those targets is largely diminished, and the effects on tumor metastasis are completely abolished. Mechanistically, upon administration of the Keto diet, the levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) are markedly induced. Through direct interaction with BACH1, ATF4 is recruited to those pro-metastatic target promoters and enhances BACH1-mediated transcriptional activation. Together, these data implicate a distinct transcription regulatory program of BACH1 for tumor metastasis induced by the Keto diet. Our study also raises a potential health risk of the Keto diet in human patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Su
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhangchuan Xia
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anil K. Rustgi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 Nicholas Ave, New York, NY 10032, USA
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7
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Liu L, Matsumoto M, Watanabe-Matsui M, Nakagawa T, Nagasawa Y, Pang J, Callens BKK, Muto A, Ochiai K, Takekawa H, Alam M, Nishizawa H, Shirouzu M, Shima H, Nakayama K, Igarashi K. TANK Binding Kinase 1 Promotes BACH1 Degradation through Both Phosphorylation-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms without Relying on Heme and FBXO22. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4141. [PMID: 38673728 PMCID: PMC11050367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) represses the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of iron, heme and reactive oxygen species. While BACH1 is rapidly degraded when it is bound to heme, it remains unclear how BACH1 degradation is regulated under other conditions. We found that FBXO22, a ubiquitin ligase previously reported to promote BACH1 degradation, polyubiquitinated BACH1 only in the presence of heme in a highly purified reconstitution assay. In parallel to this regulatory mechanism, TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a protein kinase that activates innate immune response and regulates iron metabolism via ferritinophagy, was found to promote BACH1 degradation when overexpressed in 293T cells. While TBK1 phosphorylated BACH1 at multiple serine and threonine residues, BACH1 degradation was observed with not only the wild-type TBK1 but also catalytically impaired TBK1. The BACH1 degradation in response to catalytically impaired TBK1 was not dependent on FBXO22 but involved both autophagy-lysosome and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways judging from its suppression by using inhibitors of lysosome and proteasome. Chemical inhibition of TBK1 in hepatoma Hepa1 cells showed that TBK1 was not required for the heme-induced BACH1 degradation. Its inhibition in Namalwa B lymphoma cells increased endogenous BACH1 protein. These results suggest that TBK1 promotes BACH1 degradation in parallel to the FBXO22- and heme-dependent pathway, placing BACH1 as a downstream effector of TBK1 in iron metabolism or innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Miki Watanabe-Matsui
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakagawa
- Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (T.N.); (K.N.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagasawa
- Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (T.N.); (K.N.)
| | - Jingyao Pang
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Bert K. K. Callens
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 GT Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Akihiko Muto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Kyoko Ochiai
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Hirotaka Takekawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahabub Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Yokohama 305-0074, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (T.N.); (K.N.)
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan (H.T.); (M.A.)
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
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8
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Khan SS, Jaimon E, Lin YE, Nikoloff J, Tonelli F, Alessi DR, Pfeffer SR. Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575737. [PMID: 38293195 PMCID: PMC10827083 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Activating LRRK2 mutations cause Parkinson's disease. Previously, we showed that cholinergic interneurons and astrocytes but not medium spiny neurons of the dorsal striatum lose primary cilia in LRRK2 mutant mice. Single nucleus RNA sequencing shows that cilia loss in cholinergic interneurons correlates with higher LRRK2 expression and decreased glial derived neurotrophic factor transcription. Nevertheless, much higher LRRK2 expression is seen in medium spiny neurons that have normal cilia in mice and humans. In parallel with decreased striatal dopaminergic neurite density, LRRK2 G2019S neurons show increased autism-linked CNTN5 adhesion protein expression; glial cells show significant loss of ferritin heavy chain. Human striatal tissue from LRRK2 pathway mutation carriers and idiopathic Parkinson's disease show similar cilia loss in cholinergic interneurons and astrocytes and overall loss of such neurons. These data strongly suggest that loss of cilia in specific striatal cell types decreases neuroprotection for dopamine neurons in mice and human Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad S. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
- Current address: Departments of Cell Biology & Physiology and Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Ebsy Jaimon
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
| | - Yu-En Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
| | - Jonas Nikoloff
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne R. Pfeffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, United States
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9
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Shyam S, Ramu S, Sehgal M, Jolly MK. A systems-level analysis of the mutually antagonistic roles of RKIP and BACH1 in dynamics of cancer cell plasticity. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230389. [PMID: 37963558 PMCID: PMC10645512 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important axis of phenotypic plasticity-a hallmark of cancer metastasis. Raf kinase-B inhibitor protein (RKIP) and BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) are reported to influence EMT. In breast cancer, they act antagonistically, but the exact nature of their roles in mediating EMT and associated other axes of plasticity remains unclear. Here, analysing transcriptomic data, we reveal their antagonistic trends in a pan-cancer manner in terms of association with EMT, metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion via PD-L1. Next, we developed and simulated a mechanism-based gene regulatory network that captures how RKIP and BACH1 engage in feedback loops with drivers of EMT and stemness. We found that RKIP and BACH1 belong to two antagonistic 'teams' of players-while BACH1 belonged to the one driving pro-EMT, stem-like and therapy-resistant cell states, RKIP belonged to the one enabling pro-epithelial, less stem-like and therapy-sensitive phenotypes. Finally, we observed that low RKIP levels and upregulated BACH1 levels associated with worse clinical outcomes in many cancer types. Together, our systems-level analysis indicates that the emergent dynamics of underlying regulatory network enable the antagonistic patterns of RKIP and BACH1 with various axes of cancer cell plasticity, and with patient survival data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Shyam
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Soundharya Ramu
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Manas Sehgal
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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