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Meiners F, Hinz B, Boeckmann L, Secci R, Sueto S, Kuepfer L, Fuellen G, Barrantes I. Computational identification of natural senotherapeutic compounds that mimic dasatinib based on gene expression data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6286. [PMID: 38491064 PMCID: PMC10943199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The major risk factor for chronic disease is chronological age, and age-related chronic diseases account for the majority of deaths worldwide. Targeting senescent cells that accumulate in disease-related tissues presents a strategy to reduce disease burden and to increase healthspan. The senolytic combination of the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor dasatinib and the flavonol quercetin is frequently used in clinical trials aiming to eliminate senescent cells. Here, our goal was to computationally identify natural senotherapeutic repurposing candidates that may substitute dasatinib based on their similarity in gene expression effects. The natural senolytic piperlongumine (a compound found in long pepper), and the natural senomorphics parthenolide, phloretin and curcumin (found in various edible plants) were identified as potential substitutes of dasatinib. The gene expression changes underlying the repositioning highlight apoptosis-related genes and pathways. The four compounds, and in particular the top-runner piperlongumine, may be combined with quercetin to obtain natural formulas emulating the dasatinib + quercetin formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Meiners
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lars Boeckmann
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Riccardo Secci
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Salem Sueto
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lars Kuepfer
- Institute for Systems Medicine with Focus on Organ Interaction, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Israel Barrantes
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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2
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Mohallem R, Aryal UK. Nuclear Phosphoproteome Reveals Prolyl Isomerase PIN1 as a Modulator of Oncogene-Induced Senescence. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100715. [PMID: 38216124 PMCID: PMC10864342 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells possess intrinsic mechanisms to prevent tumorigenesis upon deleterious mutations, including oncogene-induced senescence (OIS). The molecular mechanisms underlying OIS are, however, complex and remain to be fully characterized. In this study, we analyzed the changes in the nuclear proteome and phosphoproteome of human lung fibroblast IMR90 cells during the progression of OIS induced by oncogenic RASG12V activation. We found that most of the differentially regulated phosphosites during OIS contained prolyl isomerase PIN1 target motifs, suggesting PIN1 is a key regulator of several promyelocytic leukemia nuclear body proteins, specifically regulating several proteins upon oncogenic Ras activation. We showed that PIN1 knockdown promotes cell proliferation, while diminishing the senescence phenotype and hallmarks of senescence, including p21, p16, and p53 with concomitant accumulation of the protein PML and the dysregulation of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear body formation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that PIN1 plays an important role as a tumor suppressor in response to oncogenic ER:RasG12V activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Mohallem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA; Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA; Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.
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3
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Kim SG, Sung JY, Kang YJ, Choi HC. Fisetin alleviates cellular senescence through PTEN mediated inhibition of PKCδ-NOX1 pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 108:104927. [PMID: 36645971 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key risk factor of cellular senescence and age-related diseases, and protein kinase C (PKC) has been shown to activate NADPH oxidases (NOXs), which generate ROS. Although PKC activation induces oxidative stress, leading to the cellular dysfunction in various cell types, the correlation between PKC and senescence has not been reported in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC). Several studies have indicated cellular senescence is accompanied by phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss and that an interaction exists between PTEN and PKC. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether PTEN and PKC are associated with VSMC senescence and to investigate the mechanism involved. We found hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decreased PTEN expression and increased PKCδ phosphorylation. Moreover, H2O2 upregulated the NOX1 subunits, p22phox and p47phox, and induced VSMC senescence via p53-p21 signaling pathway. We identified PKCδ activation contributed to VSMC senescence through activation of NOX1 and ROS production. However, fisetin inhibited cellular senescence induced by the PTEN-PKCδ-NOX1-ROS signaling pathway, and this anti-aging effect was attributed to reduced ROS production caused by suppressing NOX1 activation. These results suggest that the PTEN-PCKδ signaling pathway is directly related to senescence via NOX1 activation and that the downregulation of PKCδ by flavonoids provides a potential means of treating age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Sung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.
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Narrative Review: Glucocorticoids in Alcoholic Hepatitis—Benefits, Side Effects, and Mechanisms. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:266-288. [PMID: 36278756 PMCID: PMC9589945 DOI: 10.3390/jox12040019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis is a major health and economic burden worldwide. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the only first-line drugs recommended to treat severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH), with limited short-term efficacy and significant side effects. In this review, I summarize the major benefits and side effects of GC therapy in sAH and the potential underlying mechanisms. The review of the literature and data mining clearly indicate that the hepatic signaling of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is markedly impaired in sAH patients. The impaired GR signaling causes hepatic down-regulation of genes essential for gluconeogenesis, lipid catabolism, cytoprotection, and anti-inflammation in sAH patients. The efficacy of GCs in sAH may be compromised by GC resistance and/or GC’s extrahepatic side effects, particularly the side effects of intestinal epithelial GR on gut permeability and inflammation in AH. Prednisolone, a major GC used for sAH, activates both the GR and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). When GC non-responsiveness occurs in sAH patients, the activation of MR by prednisolone might increase the risk of alcohol abuse, liver fibrosis, and acute kidney injury. To improve the GC therapy of sAH, the effort should be focused on developing the biomarker(s) for GC responsiveness, liver-targeting GR agonists, and strategies to overcome GC non-responsiveness and prevent alcohol relapse in sAH patients.
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5
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Black JD, Affandi T, Black AR, Reyland ME. PKCα and PKCδ: Friends and Rivals. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102194. [PMID: 35760100 PMCID: PMC9352922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PKC comprises a large family of serine/threonine kinases that share a requirement for allosteric activation by lipids. While PKC isoforms have significant homology, functional divergence is evident among subfamilies and between individual PKC isoforms within a subfamily. Here, we highlight these differences by comparing the regulation and function of representative PKC isoforms from the conventional (PKCα) and novel (PKCδ) subfamilies. We discuss how unique structural features of PKCα and PKCδ underlie differences in activation and highlight the similar, divergent, and even opposing biological functions of these kinases. We also consider how PKCα and PKCδ can contribute to pathophysiological conditions and discuss challenges to targeting these kinases therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
| | - Trisiani Affandi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Adrian R Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Mary E Reyland
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
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6
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Zhang M, Serna-Salas S, Damba T, Borghesan M, Demaria M, Moshage H. Hepatic stellate cell senescence in liver fibrosis: Characteristics, mechanisms and perspectives. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111572. [PMID: 34536446 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts play an important role in fibrogenesis. Hepatic stellate cells are the main precursors of myofibroblasts. Cellular senescence is the terminal cell fate in which proliferating cells undergo irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent hepatic stellate cells were identified in liver fibrosis. Senescent hepatic stellate cells display decreased collagen production and proliferation. Therefore, induction of senescence could be a protective mechanism against progression of liver fibrosis and the concept of therapy-induced senescence has been proposed to treat liver fibrosis. In this review, characteristics of senescent hepatic stellate cells and the essential signaling pathways involved in senescence are reviewed. Furthermore, the potential impact of senescent hepatic stellate cells on other liver cell types are discussed. Senescent cells are cleared by the immune system. The persistence of senescent cells can remodel the microenvironment and interact with inflammatory cells to induce aging-related dysfunction. Therefore, senolytics, a class of compounds that selectively induce death of senescent cells, were introduced as treatment to remove senescent cells and consequently decrease the disadvantageous effects of persisting senescent cells. The effects of senescent hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Zhang
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Serna-Salas
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Turtushikh Damba
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Michaela Borghesan
- European Research Institute on the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute on the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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7
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Sparks R, Lui A, Bader D, Patel R, Murr M, Guida W, Fratti R, Patel NA. A specific small-molecule inhibitor of protein kinase CδI activity improves metabolic dysfunction in human adipocytes from obese individuals. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14896-14910. [PMID: 31413114 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic consequences and sequelae of obesity promote life-threatening morbidities. PKCδI is an important elicitor of inflammation and apoptosis in adipocytes. Here we report increased PKCδI activation via release of its catalytic domain concurrent with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines in adipocytes from obese individuals. Using a screening strategy of dual recognition of PKCδI isozymes and a caspase-3 binding site on the PKCδI hinge domain with Schrödinger software and molecular dynamics simulations, we identified NP627, an organic small-molecule inhibitor of PKCδI. Characterization of NP627 by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) revealed that PKCδI and NP627 interact with each other with high affinity and specificity, SPR kinetics revealed that NP627 disrupts caspase-3 binding to PKCδI, and in vitro kinase assays demonstrated that NP627 specifically inhibits PKCδI activity. The SPR results also indicated that NP627 affects macromolecular interactions between protein surfaces. Of note, release of the PKCδI catalytic fragment was sufficient to induce apoptosis and inflammation in adipocytes. NP627 treatment of adipocytes from obese individuals significantly inhibited PKCδI catalytic fragment release, decreased inflammation and apoptosis, and significantly improved mitochondrial metabolism. These results indicate that PKCδI is a robust candidate for targeted interventions to manage obesity-associated chronic inflammatory diseases. We propose that NP627 may also be used in other biological systems to better understand the impact of caspase-3-mediated activation of kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sparks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
| | - Ashley Lui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Deena Bader
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Rekha Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Michel Murr
- Surgery Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816.,Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, AdventHealth, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Wayne Guida
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Rutilio Fratti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
| | - Niketa A Patel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 .,James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida 33612
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8
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Fisher JN, Thanasopoulou A, Juge S, Tzankov A, Bagger FO, Mendez MA, Peters AHFM, Schwaller J. Transforming activities of the NUP98-KMT2A fusion gene associated with myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2019; 105:1857-1867. [PMID: 31558671 PMCID: PMC7327646 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.219188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inv(11)(p15q23), found in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, leads to expression of a fusion protein consisting of the N-terminal of nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) and the majority of the lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A). To explore the transforming potential of this fusion we established inducible iNUP98-KMT2A transgenic mice. After a median latency of 80 weeks, over 90% of these mice developed signs of disease, with anemia and reduced bone marrow cellularity, increased white blood cell numbers, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and multilineage dysplasia. Additionally, induction of iNUP98-KMT2A led to elevated lineage marker-negative Sca-1+ c-Kit+ cell numbers in the bone marrow, which outcompeted wildtype cells in repopulation assays. Six iNUP98-KMT2A mice developed transplantable acute myeloid leukemia with leukemic blasts infiltrating multiple organs. Notably, as reported for patients, iNUP98-KMT2A leukemic blasts did not express increased levels of the HoxA-B-C gene cluster, and in contrast to KMT2A-AF9 leukemic cells, the cells were resistant to pharmacological targeting of menin and BET family proteins by MI-2-2 or JQ1, respectively. Expression of iNUP98-KMT2A in mouse embryonic fibroblasts led to an accumulation of cells in G1 phase, and abrogated replicative senescence. In bone marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitors, iNUP98-KMT2A expression similarly resulted in increased cell numbers in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, with aberrant gene expression of Sirt1, Tert, Rbl2, Twist1, Vim, and Prkcd, mimicking that seen in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In summary, we demonstrate that iNUP98-KMT2A has in vivo transforming activity and interferes with cell cycle progression rather than primarily blocking differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Fisher
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Angeliki Thanasopoulou
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Sabine Juge
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | | | - Frederik O Bagger
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Max A Mendez
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Antoine H F M Peters
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel.,Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB) .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
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9
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Park JW, Lee YH, Bae YS. Protein kinase C downregulation induces senescence via FoxO3a inhibition in HCT116 and HEK293 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1548-1554. [PMID: 28989024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of protein kinase C (PKC) on cellular senescence. The PKC activity and expression of conventional PKC (cPKC) and atypical PKC (aPKC) isoforms decreased during replicative senescence in IMR-90 cells. Forced inhibition of cPKC or aPKC induced the activation of senescence markers, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-p53-p21Cip1/WAF1 axis in HCT116 and HEK293 cells. PKC inhibition triggered the nuclear exportation of FoxO3a via stimulation of AKT-mediated phosphorylation of FoxO3a, and thereby decreased the transcription of FoxO3a target genes. Conversely, ectopic expression of the PKC isoforms led to stimulation of the nuclear import of FoxO3a and expression of the FoxO3a target genes. Ectopic FoxO3a expression attenuated ROS accumulation and senescent phenotypes induced by PKC inhibition. Therefore, this study suggests for the first time that downregulation of PKC induces senescence through the AKT-FoxO3a-ROS-p53-p21Cip1/WAF1 pathway in HCT116 and HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Woo Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seuk Bae
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Yamashita S, Fujii K, Zhao C, Takagi H, Katakura Y. Involvement of the NFX1-repressor complex in PKC-δ-induced repression of hTERT transcription. J Biochem 2016; 160:309-313. [PMID: 27311997 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvw038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene encodes an enzyme responsible for maintaining the integrity of chromosomal ends. hTERT plays a key role in cellular immortalization, tumorigenesis and the progression of cancer. Previously, we reported that hTERT repression is required for the induction of cellular senescence. Thus, transcriptional regulation mechanisms of the hTERT gene may be related to the mechanisms of cellular senescence. In the present study, we clarified the molecular mechanism of hTERT repression by protein kinase C (PKC)-δ, one of the cellular senescence-inducing factors. The results showed that a repressor complex composed of NFX1-91, mSin3A and histone deacetylase 1 was involved in the PKC-δ-induced repression of the hTERT promoter, which resulted in the repression of hTERT transcription. These results suggest that targeted recruitment of the NFX1-91 complex to the hTERT promoter is a potential mechanism for repressing hTERT transcription and further inducing cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kaoru Fujii
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Chong Zhao
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan .,Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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11
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Patel RS, Carter G, El Bassit G, Patel AA, Cooper DR, Murr M, Patel NA. Adipose-derived stem cells from lean and obese humans show depot specific differences in their stem cell markers, exosome contents and senescence: role of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) in adipose stem cell niche. Stem Cell Investig 2016; 3:2. [PMID: 27358894 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2306-9759.2016.01.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and its exosomes are gaining utmost importance in the field of regenerative medicine. The ASCs tested for their potential in wound healing are predominantly derived from the subcutaneous depot of lean donors. However, it is important to characterize the ASC derived from different adipose depots as these depots have clinically distinct roles. METHODS We characterized the ASC derived from subcutaneous and omental depots from a lean donor (sc-ASCn and om-ASCn) and compared it to the ASC derived from an obese donor (sc-ASCo and om-ASCo) using flow cytometry and real time qPCR. RESULTS We show that stem cell markers Oct4, Sal4, Sox15, KLF4 and BMI1 have distinct expression patterns in each ASC. We evaluated the secretome of the ASC and characterized their secreted exosomes. We show long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are secreted by ASC and their expression varied between the ASC's derived from different depots. Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) regulates the mitogenic signals in stem cells. We evaluated the effect of silencing PKCδ in sc-ASCn, om-ASCn, sc-ASCo and om-ASCo. Using β-galactosidase staining, we evaluated the percentage of senescent cells in sc-ASCn, om-ASCn, sc-ASCo and om-ASCo. Our results also indicated that silencing PKCδ increases the percentage of senescent cells. CONCLUSIONS Our case-specific study demonstrates a role of PKCδ in maintaining the adipose stem cell niche and importantly demonstrates depot-specific differences in adipose stem cells and their exosome content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha S Patel
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gay Carter
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ghattas El Bassit
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Achintya A Patel
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Denise R Cooper
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michel Murr
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Niketa A Patel
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 3 Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; 4 Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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12
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Zurgil U, Ben-Ari A, Atias K, Isakov N, Apte R, Livneh E. PKCη promotes senescence induced by oxidative stress and chemotherapy. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1531. [PMID: 25412309 PMCID: PMC4260739 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Senescence is characterized by permanent cell-cycle arrest despite continued viability and metabolic activity, in conjunction with the secretion of a complex mixture of extracellular proteins and soluble factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Cellular senescence has been shown to prevent the proliferation of potentially tumorigenic cells, and is thus generally considered a tumor suppressive process. However, some SASP components may act as pro-tumorigenic mediators on premalignant cells in the microenvironment. A limited number of studies indicated that protein kinase C (PKC) has a role in senescence, with different isoforms having opposing effects. It is therefore important to elucidate the functional role of specific PKCs in senescence. Here we show that PKCη, an epithelial specific and anti-apoptotic kinase, promotes senescence induced by oxidative stress and DNA damage. We further demonstrate that PKCη promotes senescence through its ability to upregulate the expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 and enhance transcription and secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Moreover, we demonstrate that PKCη creates a positive loop for reinforcing senescence by increasing the transcription of both IL-6 and IL-6 receptor, whereas the expression of IL-8 is specifically suppressed by PKCη. Thus, the presence/absence of PKCη modulates major components of SASP. Furthermore, we show that the human polymorphic variant of PKCη, 374I, that exhibits higher kinase activity in comparison to WT-374V, is also more effective in IL-6 secretion, p21Cip1 expression and the promotion of senescence, further supporting a role for PKCη in senescence. As there is now considerable interest in senescence activation/elimination to control tumor progression, it is first crucial to reveal the molecular regulators of senescence. This will improve our ability to develop new strategies to harness senescence as a potential cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Zurgil
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - A Ben-Ari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - K Atias
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - N Isakov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - R Apte
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - E Livneh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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Byun HO, Jung HJ, Kim MJ, Yoon G. PKCδ phosphorylation is an upstream event of GSK3 inactivation-mediated ROS generation in TGF-β1-induced senescence. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1100-8. [PMID: 24917460 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.929120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) induces Mv1Lu cell senescence through inactivating glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), thereby inactivating complex IV and increasing intracellular ROS. In the present study, we identified protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) as an upstream regulator of GSK3 inactivation in this mechanism of TGF-β1-induced senescence. When Mv1Lu cells were exposed to TGF-β1, PKCδ phosphorylation simultaneously increased with GSK3 phosphorylation, and then AKT and ERK were phosphorylated. AKT phosphorylation and Smad signaling were independent of GSK3 phosphorylation, but ERK phosphorylation was downstream of GSK3 inactivation. TGF-β1-triggered GSK3 phosphorylation was blocked by inhibition of PKCδ, using its pharmacological inhibitor, Rottlerin, or overexpression of a dominant negative PKCδ mutant, but GSK3 inhibition with SB415286 did not alter PKCδ phosphorylation. Activation of PKCδ by PMA delayed cell growth and increased intracellular ROS level, but did not induce senescent phenotypes. In addition, overexpression of wild type or a constitutively active PKCδ mutant was enough to delay cell growth and decrease the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and complex IV activity, but weakly induce senescence. However, PMA treatment on Mv1Lu cells, which overexpress wild type and constitutively active PKCδ mutants, effectively induced senescence. These results indicate that PKCδ plays a key role in TGF-β1-induced senescence of Mv1Lu cells through the phosphorylation of GSK3, thereby triggering mitochondrial complex IV dysfunction and intracellular ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-O Byun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon , Republic of Korea
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Yamashita S, Ogawa K, Ikei T, Fujiki T, Katakura Y. FOXO3a potentiates hTERT gene expression by activating c-MYC and extends the replicative life-span of human fibroblast. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101864. [PMID: 25000517 PMCID: PMC4085005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we reported that SIRT1 prevents cellular senescence in human fibroblast, and that SIRT1-induced inhibition of cellular senescence is due to enhanced hTERT gene expression. In this study, we investigate the molecular mechanisms behind SIRT1-induced potentiation of hTERT transcription and show that FOXO3a functions downstream of SIRT1 and prevents the induction of cellular senescence by enhancing hTERT gene expression. Furthermore, we found that FOXO3a-induced potentiation of hTERT gene expression is regulated in a c-MYC/E-box dependent manner. In addition, we found that FOXO3a binds to the novel binding element in the c-MYC promoter, and this interaction activates the transcription of the c-MYC gene. The resulting increase in c-MYC leads to higher levels of c-MYC recruited to the hTERT promoter and, in turn, activates hTERT gene expression. Taken together, this pathway might constitute the molecular basis for the anti-senescence effects of SIRT1 and FOXO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Ogawa
- Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ikei
- Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Fujiki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Harada G, Neng Q, Fujiki T, Katakura Y. Molecular mechanisms for the p38-induced cellular senescence in normal human fibroblast. J Biochem 2014; 156:283-90. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvu040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Carter G, Patel R, Apostolatos A, Murr M, Cooper DR, Patel NA. Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) splice variant modulates senescence via hTERT in adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Investig 2014; 1:3. [PMID: 27358850 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2306-9759.2014.01.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) were isolated and characterized from lean and obese subjects. We previously reported that distinct differences were observed in differentiating lean and obese preadipocytes. Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) is alternatively spliced and has important roles in apoptosis. PKCδI promotes apoptosis and PKCδVIII promotes survival. Our previous data indicated an increase in the survival kinase, PKCδVIII in ADSC derived from an obese donor. We also determined that obese adipocytes were resistant to apoptosis. Here, we determine the relationship between a survival kinase PKCδVIII and hTERT expression in adipose derived stem cells from a lean and obese subject. METHODS We evaluated the telomerase activity and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression in lean and obese ADSC. The lean and obese ADSC were purchased as cryopreserved cells from ZenBio™ (Research Triangle Park, NC, USA). Analyses were performed using PRISM™ software and analyzed using two-tailed Student's t-test. RESULTS We observed an increase in telomerase in differentiating obese ADSC using western blot analysis. We determined the levels of hTERT splice variants. hTERT α+/β+ splice variant was increased after transfected of PKCδVIII. We next determined whether PKCδVIII over-expression affected the levels of telomerase. The results indicate an increase in telomerase with PKCδVIII over-expression. CONCLUSIONS Over-expression of PKCδVIII in lean ADSC substantially increased expression of hTERT and telomerase. The decreased senescence seen in obese ADSC may in part be attributed to PKCδVIII. Obese ADSC undergo lower senescence and may have increased growth potential. These results propose a larger epigenetic modification in obese ADSC compared to lean ADSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gay Carter
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rekha Patel
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - André Apostolatos
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michel Murr
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Denise R Cooper
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Niketa A Patel
- 1 James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA ; 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and 3 Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Ho PJ, Yen ML, Tang BC, Chen CT, Yen BL. H2O2 accumulation mediates differentiation capacity alteration, but not proliferative decline, in senescent human fetal mesenchymal stem cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1895-905. [PMID: 23088254 PMCID: PMC3624695 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with multilineage differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory properties are novel sources for cell therapy. However, in vitro expansion of these rare somatic stem cells leads to senescence, resulting in declines of differentiation and proliferative capacities. We therefore investigated the mechanisms mediating senescence in human fetal MSCs termed placenta-derived multipotent cells (PDMCs). RESULTS Long-term cultured PDMCs underwent senescence, with increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; a reactive oxygen species), positive β-galactosidase staining, decreased sirtuin-1 expression, increased p21 expression, and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Senescent PDMCs also showed decreased osteogenic capacity. Mechanistically, increased p21 expression and proliferative decline were not due to elevated H2O2 levels nor mediated by p53. Instead, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC)-α and -β in senescent PDMCs decreased p21 expression and reversed cell cycle arrest. H2O2 was involved in the alteration of differentiation potential, since scavenging of H2O2 restored expression of c-MAF, an osteogenic and age-sensitive transcription factor, and osteogenic capacity in senescent PDMCs. INNOVATION Our findings not only show the effects of senescence on MSCs, but also reveal mechanisms involved in mediating decreased proliferation and differentiation capacity. Moreover, targeting increased levels of H2O2 associated with senescence may reverse the decreased osteogenic capacity of senescent MSCs. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the two biological consequences of senescence, differentiation alteration, and proliferative decline, in fetal MSCs are distinctly regulated by the H2O2-c-MAF and PKC-p21 pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai-Jiun Ho
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine ICSM, National Health Research Institute NHRI, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
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Abstract
We have analysed telomerase activity to determine whether it can be modified when BCL-2 is endogenously overexpressed in response to a mild oxidative stress treatment as part of a survival mechanism, in contrast with an exogenous bcl-2 overexpression due to a retroviral infection. Endogenous bcl-2 overexpression was induced after a low oxidative insult of H2O2 in mice primary lung fibroblasts and L929 cell, whereas bcl-2 exogenous overexpression was performed using a retroviral infection in L929 cells. Telomerase activity was quantified in Bcl-2 overexpressing cells by the TRAP assay. When the cells were treated with different H2O2 concentrations, only those exposed to 50 μM showed increased telomerase activity. This correlates with BCL-2 expression as part of the endogenous response to mild oxidative stress. Oxidative stress generated during the toxic mechanism of chemotherapeutic drugs might induce BCL-2 increment, enhancing telomerase activity and reactivating the oncogenic process. Clinical trials should take into consideration the possibility of telomerase activation following increased BCL-2 expression when treating patients with ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation by anti-cancer drugs.
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Udono M, Kadooka K, Yamashita S, Katakura Y. Quantitative analysis of cellular senescence phenotypes using an imaging cytometer. Methods 2012; 56:383-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Lachapelle S, Oesterreich S, Lebel M. The Werner syndrome helicase protein is required for cell proliferation, immortalization, and tumorigenesis in Scaffold attachment factor B1 deficient mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2011; 3:277-90. [PMID: 21464516 PMCID: PMC3091521 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare disorder characterized by the premature onset of several pathologies associated with aging. The gene responsible for WS codes for a RecQ-type DNA helicase and is believed to be involved in different aspects of DNA repair, replication, and transcription. We recently identified the Scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1) as a potential interactants in human cells. SAFB1 is a multifunctional protein that binds both nucleic acids and is involved in the attachment of chromatin to the nuclear matrix, transcription, and stress response. Mice lacking SAFB1 exhibit developmental abnormalities in their lungs, high incidence of perinatal lethality, and adults develop different types of tumors. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Safb1-null animals are immortalized in culture. In this study, mice with a mutation in the helicase domain of the Wrn gene were crossed to Safb1-null mice. Double homozygous mutant mice exhibited increased apoptosis, a lower cell proliferation rate in their lungs and a higher incidence of perinatal death compared to Safb1-null mice. Few double homozygous mutants survived weaning and died before the age of six months. Finally, mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking a functional Wrn helicase inhibited the immortalization of Safb1-null cells. These results indicate that an intact Wrn protein is required for immortalization and tumorigenesis in Safb1-null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lachapelle
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de l'Université Laval, Hôpital Hôtel‐Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Canada
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Kumazaki T, Kurata S, Matsuo T, Mitsui Y, Takahashi T. Establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from normal fibroblast TIG-1. Hum Cell 2011; 24:96-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-011-0016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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