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Cheng L, Pei J, Chen X, Shi F, Bao Z, Hou Q, Zhi L, Zong S, Tao J. Cold tolerance and metabolism of red-haired pine bark beetle Hylurgus ligniperda (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during the overwintering period. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae137. [PMID: 38956822 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Hylurgus ligniperda invaded Shandong, China, through imported forest timber, posing a threat to China's forest health. Exotic insects with broad environmental tolerance, including low temperatures, may have a better chance of surviving the winters and becoming invasive. Understanding the cold-tolerance strategies of H. ligniperda may help to design sustainable pest management approaches. In this study, we aim to investigate the cold-tolerance ability and relevant physiological indicators in overwintering H. ligniperda adults to determine any possible overwintering strategies. Supercooling points (SCPs) for adults H. ligniperda differed significantly across months and reached the lowest level in the mid- and post-overwintering period, the minimum SCPs -6.45 ± 0.18 °C. As the cold exposure temperature decreased, the survival rate of adults gradually decreased, and no adult survived more than 1 day at -15 °C, and the LLT50 for 1 day was -7.1 °C. Since H. ligniperda adults can survive internal ice formation, they are freeze-tolerant insects. Throughout the overwintering period, the SCPs and the water, protein, sorbitol, and glycerol content in adults decreased initially and then increased. We reported significant correlations between total protein, sorbitol, trehalose, and glycerol content in the beetles and SCPs. Glycogen, lipid, protein, trehalose, and sorbitol content in adult beetles may directly affect their cold-tolerance capacity and survival during winter. This study provides a physiological and biochemical basis for further study of metabolism and cold-tolerance strategies in H. ligniperda adults, which may help predict population dynamics and distribution potential of pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahe Pei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhashenjiacan Bao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qidi Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxu Zhi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Song Y, Liu L, Ouyang F, Cui H, Guo W, Lv S, Ye B, Li L, Yu Y, Men X. Cold storage alters the fat-trehalose trade-off, decreases the flight ability, and maintains the high survival rate and flight speed of Osmia excavata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:927-936. [PMID: 37822224 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Osmia solitary bees are important pollinators of various crops worldwide. Refrigeration has been widely used to synchronize the emergence time of Osmia species from cocoons with the blooming time of different crops, but the fitness of Osmia after refrigeration remains unknown. Here, the effects of long-term refrigeration at 0 °C on the vitality, flight ability, and metabolism of Osmia excavata, which is known as the "king of pollination" in China, were studied. The survival rate (>90% before 120 d), weight loss rate (<15% after 170 d), and mean flight speed of O. excavata were not greatly affected after long-term refrigeration. The content of fats, which have antifreeze and energy storage properties, was not significantly altered in O. excavata before 130 d of refrigeration, which might explain why the survival rates and flight speed of O. excavata remained high after long-term refrigeration. However, the flight duration and distance decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and both were positively correlated with the reduced trehalose levels in O. excavata (r = [+0.69] - [+0.71]; P < 0.05). Overall, these findings indicate that the pollination potential of O. excavata for various crops with different flowering periods is high after long-term refrigeration; however, long-term refrigeration may decrease pollination efficiency. Our findings highlight new research directions that could improve the ecological service function of refrigerated O. excavata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Song
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Cui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxiu Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Suhong Lv
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Baohua Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xingyuan Men
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Enriquez T, Visser B. The importance of fat accumulation and reserves for insect overwintering. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 60:101118. [PMID: 37739063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Winter is a challenging season for ectothermic species such as insects. In addition to thermal stress imposed by cold temperatures, food scarcity during winter can lead to starvation and energy drain. In preparation for winter, most insects accumulate lipid (fat) reserves, which are the principal source of energetic fuel during overwintering. In this review, we highlight the most recent literature on lipid metabolism in response to cold. We first discuss how lipid metabolism is affected by biotic and abiotic environmental changes in preparation for winter. We then highlight how lipid dynamics are affected during winter, including physiological and (epi)genetic mechanisms. We end our review emphasizing the importance of remaining fat reserves in spring and how climate change can negatively impact lipid metabolism and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Enriquez
- Evolution and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Bertanne Visser
- Evolution and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
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Lv WX, Cheng P, Lei JJ, Peng H, Zang CH, Lou ZW, Liu HM, Guo XX, Wang HY, Wang HF, Zhang CX, Liu LJ, Gong MQ. Interactions between the gut micro-community and transcriptome of Culex pipiens pallens under low-temperature stress. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:12. [PMID: 36635706 PMCID: PMC9837946 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) can survive at low temperature for long periods. Understanding the effects of low-temperature stress on the gut microflora and gene expression levels in Cx. pipiens pallens, as well as their correlation, will contribute to the study of the overwintering mechanism of Cx. pipiens pallens. METHODS The gut bacteria were removed by antibiotic treatment, and the survival of Cx. pipiens pallens under low-temperature stress was observed and compared with the control group. Then, full-length 16S rRNA sequencing and the Illumina HiSeq X Ten sequencing platform were used to evaluate the gut microflora and gene expression levels in Cx. pipiens pallens under low-temperature stress. RESULTS Under the low-temperature stress of 7 °C, the median survival time of Cx. pipiens pallens in the antibiotic treatment group was significantly shortened by approximately 70% compared to that in the control group. The species diversity index (Shannon, Simpson, Ace, Chao1) of Cx. pipiens pallens decreased under low-temperature stress (7 °C). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis divided all the gut samples into two groups: control group and treatment group. Pseudomonas was the dominant taxon identified in the control group, followed by Elizabethkingia and Dyadobacter; in the treatment group, Pseudomonas was the dominant taxon, followed by Aeromonas and Comamonas. Of the 2417 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 1316 were upregulated, and 1101 were downregulated. Functional GO terms were enriched in 23 biological processes, 20 cellular components and 21 molecular functions. KEGG annotation results showed that most of these genes were related to energy metabolism-related pathways. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the gut microcommunity at the genus level and several DEGs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the mechanism of adaptation of Cx. pipiens pallens to low-temperature stress may be the result of interactions between the gut bacterial community and transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiang Lv
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Cheng
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Lei
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Hui Zang
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Wei Lou
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Xia Guo
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Fang Wang
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong-Xing Zhang
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao-Qing Gong
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, 272033 Shandong People’s Republic of China
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Chen SY, Zhao RN, Li Y, Li HP, Xie MH, Liu JF, Yang MF, Wu CX. Cold tolerance strategy and cryoprotectants of Megabruchidius dorsalis in different temperature and time stresses. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1118955. [PMID: 36714316 PMCID: PMC9873968 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1118955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The honey locusts (genus Gleditsia) are a genus of high-value trees in Asia. Seed beetle, Megabruchidius dorsalis (Fåhraeus) (Col.: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), is a Gleditsia oligophagous pest that causes severe yield reduction. To understand the cold tolerance of M. dorsalis adults, this study investigated its cold tolerance strategy and the influence of low temperatures on its physiology and biochemistry. The low-temperature treatments were divided into three groups: long-term temperature acclimation (Group 1; 15°C, or 20°C, or 25°C, or 28°C [control check, CK] for 10 days), short-term low-temperature exposure (Group 2; 0°C or 4°C for 2 h), and long-term low-temperature induction (Group 3; 0°C or 4°C for 1, 3, or 5 d). The supercooling point (SCP; temperature at which spontaneous nucleation and ice lattice growth begin), freezing point (FP; temperature at which insect fluids freeze), low lethal temperature (LLT; temperature at which all individuals are killed), water, lipid, glycerol, and total sugars contents were measured under different temperature stresses. The results showed that M. dorsalis adults were a freeze-avoidant species. The SCP and LLT at 28°C were -10.62°C and -19.48°C, respectively. The SCP and FP of long-term temperature acclimation (15°C, or 20°C, or 25°C) were significantly lower than that of the control group (28°C). The water content of the long-term low temperature induction (0°C) group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The lipid and glycerol content in the acclimated group at 20°C and 25°C were significantly higher than in the control group. M. dorsalis adults may maintain their biofluids in a supercooled state via cryoprotectant accumulation and cryoprotective dehydration to prevent ice nucleation. This study provides a theoretical basis for future research on overwintering and potential distribution and related prediction of M. dorsalis adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Chen
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ru-Na Zhao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - You Li
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Vector-Borne Virus Research Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - He-Ping Li
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming-Hui Xie
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mao-Fa Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng-Xu Wu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China,*Correspondence: Cheng-Xu Wu,
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Xiao QH, He Z, Wu RW, Zhu DH. Physiological and biochemical differences in diapause and non-diapause pupae of Sericinus montelus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Front Physiol 2022; 13:1031654. [PMID: 36406979 PMCID: PMC9666684 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1031654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The swallowtail butterfly, Sericinus montelus Gray, is endemic to East Asia, has high ornamental value but faces an increased risk of extinction. To understand the overwintering strategies of this species, the dynamic changes in supercooling point (SCP) and water and biochemical contents of diapause-destined and non-diapause S. montelus pupae were investigated. The SCP of laboratory-reared diapause pupae was as low as -26°C compared to -24°C in diapause pupae in the field. Although there was no significant difference in total water content between diapause-destined and non-diapause pupae, the free water of diapause-destined pupae was significantly lower, and the bound water was significantly higher, than that of non-diapause pupae. Lipid, glycogen, and protein contents of diapause-destined pupae showed a downward trend, whereas the total sugar content showed the opposite trend after pupation. The glycogen content decreased rapidly during the initial stage of pupation, whereas the lipid content decreased significantly after 30 days of pupation, suggesting that diapause-destined pupae deplete glycogen stores during the pre-diapause period and then switch to using lipids during the diapause maintenance phase. Trehalose levels in diapause-destined pupae increased significantly and remained high after pupation. Meanwhile, the trehalose content of overwintering pupae during the diapause maintenance period was significantly higher than that of diapause termination pupae in the field. These results suggest that trehalose is the main cryoprotectant for overwintering pupae. Thus, diapausing S. montelus pupae appear to be freeze avoidant, accumulate trehalose as a cryoprotectant, and reduce the free water content to decrease the SCP, enhancing their cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Hong Xiao
- Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT), Changsha, China
- College of Physical Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT), Changsha, China
| | - Zhe He
- Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT), Changsha, China
| | - Rong-Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT), Changsha, China
| | - Dao-Hong Zhu
- Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT), Changsha, China
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Liu H, Wang X, Chen Z, Lu Y. Characterization of Cold and Heat Tolerance of Bactrocera tau (Walker). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040329. [PMID: 35447771 PMCID: PMC9030204 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Insects are often stressed by adverse factors in their natural environment. Temperature is a crucial driver of insect activity, adaptability, and distribution, and therefore, it greatly impacts the invasive success of alien pests. Bactrocera tau (Walker) is an invasive polyphagous herbivore of vegetables and fruits, now a pest of global importance. This study provides useful information about B. tau’s cold- and heat tolerance to extremely low and high temperatures. Its different life stages (i.e., egg, larvae, pupae, and adult) had high survival rates under adverse temperatures spanning −5 to 0 °C and 39 to 42 °C. These findings suggest that B. tau possesses a wide temperature threshold range for survival, which likely contributes to its better establishment and expansion in new regions. Meanwhile, fitted curves were used to quantify B. tau’s tolerance potential as a function of both stress intensity (heat or cold) and exposure duration. The information generated in this study will contribute to our understanding of thermal tolerance in B. tau and could also provide insights for devising phytosanitary control approaches. Abstract Bactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a serious, economically important invasive pest that has spread and been established in many regions worldwide. Temperature is a crucial abiotic factor governing insect activity, fitness, and geographical distribution. Yet, surprisingly, the tolerance of B. tau to extreme cold and heat stress remains unclear. Here, we measured the supercooling point (SCP) of different life stages of B. tau. Further, several life stages of B. tau (egg, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instar larvae, 1-day-old pupae, and 3-day-old adult) were subjected to six low temperatures (−9, −7, −5, −3, −1, and 0 °C) and six high temperatures (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, and 44 °C) for various durations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 h), and three-way survival–time–temperature relationships were investigated. We found that the SCPs differed significantly among different life stages of B. tau, being the lowest for SCP of eggs, at −25.82 ± 0.51 °C. There was no significant effect of sex on the mean SCPs of B. tau adults, except for 45- to 50-day-old flies. In addition, an interaction effect was uncovered between tested temperatures and exposure duration upon B. tau mortality at different life stages. Eggs exhibited the strongest cold tolerance, yet the weakest heat tolerance. The 3rd instar larvae were the most heat- and cold tolerant among larval stages, followed by the 2nd and 1st instar larvae. The upper limit of the chill injury zone (ULCIZ) for 3-day-old adult and 1-day-old pupae was −2.51 °C and −2.50 °C, respectively, while their corresponding lower limit of thermal injury zone (LLTIZ) was 39.39 °C and 38.29 °C. This paper presents valuable data to provide an integrated knowledge for understanding the cold and heat tolerance potential of B. tau and ensure the proper implementation of post-harvest phytosanitary protocols for this pest’s disinfestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Zihan Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Yongyue Lu
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Y.L.)
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Pei J, Xu Y, Zong S, Ren L. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Data Reveal the Key Metabolic Pathways Affecting Streltzoviella insularis (Staudinger) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) Larvae During Overwintering. Front Physiol 2021; 12:655059. [PMID: 34220530 PMCID: PMC8250450 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.655059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Streltzoviella insularis (Staudinger) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a woodboring insect feeding on Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Sophora japonica, and Ginkgo biloba, as well as many other species used for urban greening and plain afforestation in northern China, including the temperate north. There is also a risk that S. insularis could spread through the transportation of seedlings, thereby increasing urban greening costs. However, how S. insularis increases the cold tolerance then reduces it to survive winter temperature below 0°C remains unclear. In the transcriptomic of S. insularis, we identified three profiles (profile 25, 27, and 13) whose trends related to the cold tolerance. We detected 1,783 differentially expressed genes (in profile 25) and identified 522 genes enriched in the AMPK signaling pathway. The metabolome analysis identified 122 differential metabolites. We identified four co-pathways, among which "Glycerophospholipid metabolism" was the pathway most enriched in differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites. The AMPK signaling and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways play key roles in the natural overwintering physiological process of S. insularis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shixiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Zhao D, Zheng C, Shi F, Xu Y, Zong S, Tao J. Expression analysis of genes related to cold tolerance in Dendroctonus valens. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10864. [PMID: 33854828 PMCID: PMC7953874 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pine beetles are well known in North America for their widespread devastation of pine forests. However, Dendroctonus valens LeConte is an important invasive forest pest in China also. Adults and larvae of this bark beetle mainly winter at the trunks and roots of Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus sylvestris; larvae, in particular, result in pine weakness or even death. Since the species was introduced from the United States to Shanxi in 1998, its distribution has spread northward. In 2017, it invaded a large area at the junction of Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Hebei provinces, showing strong cold tolerance. To identify genes relevant to cold tolerance and the process of overwintering, we sequenced the transcriptomes of wintering and non-wintering adult and larval D. valens using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Differential expression analysis methods for other non-model organisms were used to compare transcript abundances in adults and larvae at two time periods, followed by the identification of functions and metabolic pathways related to genes associated with cold tolerance. We detected 4,387 and 6,091 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sampling dates in larvae and adults, respectively, and 1,140 common DEGs, including genes encoding protein phosphatase, very long-chain fatty acids protein, cytochrome P450, and putative leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins. In a Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, 1,140 genes were assigned to 44 terms, with significant enrichment for cellulase activity, hydrolase activity, and carbohydrate metabolism. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) classification and enrichment analyses showed that the lysosomal and purine metabolism pathways involved the most DEGs, the highly enriched terms included autophagy-animal, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and lysosomal processes. We identified 140 candidate genes associated with cold tolerance, including genes with established roles in this trait (e.g., genes encoding trehalose transporter, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and trehalase). Our comparative transcriptome analysis of adult and larval D. valens in different conditions provides basic data for the discovery of key genes and molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunchun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yabei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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