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Schmitz MH, do Couto EV, Xavier EC, Tomadon LDS, Leal RP, Agostinho AA. Assessing the role of protected areas in the land-use change dynamics of a biodiversity hotspot. AMBIO 2023; 52:1603-1617. [PMID: 37261644 PMCID: PMC10460765 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although protected areas (PAs) are designed to safeguard natural ecosystems from anthropic modifications, many PAs worldwide are subjected to numerous human-induced impacts. We evaluated whether the establishment of PAs in the Upper Paraná River floodplain region could reduce anthropic landscape changes and whether there is a difference in protection when using different PA restriction categories. We analyzed the overall landscape dynamics using 30 years of land-use time series data and evaluated the change intensity via a partial land-use intensity analysis. Despite the increasing landscape anthropization, the PAs seemed to relieve the general change process, protecting natural areas mainly from agricultural expansion. Concerning the degree of use restriction, more restricted protection led to less human-induced changes. Finally, accessing PA effectiveness is a multidisciplinary challenge for researchers; however, this knowledge is crucial to avoid misunderstandings or poorly crafted public policies or decisions that may harm the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Henrique Schmitz
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900 Brazil
| | | | - Erick Caldas Xavier
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Leonardo da Silva Tomadon
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pedro Leal
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Angelo Antonio Agostinho
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900 Brazil
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Shan Y, Gao X, Hu X, Hou Y, Wang F. Current and future potential distribution of the invasive scale Ceroplastes rusci (L., 1758) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) under climate niche. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1184-1192. [PMID: 36394192 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fig wax scale, Ceroplastes rusci is an invasive pest that feeds on more than 94 genera from 52 families that is spread across 60 countries, causing negative impacts to agriculture and forestry. Understanding the potential distribution of invasive species under climate change is crucial for the management and monitoring purposes. Thus, we predicted the potential distribution areas of C. rusci using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) based on the occurrence data and environmental variables under current and future climatic scenarios. RESULTS Our results showed that the temperature annual range (Bio 7) and mean temperature of the warmest quarter (Bio 10) attributed to a higher contribution to the current model of the distribution of C. rusci. The potential distribution maps illustrated the main concentrated areas of C. rusci which included South America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. In addition, potential range expansions or reductions were predicted under different future climate change scenarios, which showed that the total suitable areas of the fig wax scale presented an increasing trend until 2100. CONCLUSION Our study provides significant data to understand the potential distribution of C. rusci around the world. It also serves as an early warning for the highly suitable habitat areas that even offers a platform to the currently non-infested regions or countries who are yet to develop monitoring strategies in response to the possible C. rusci outbreak. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Shan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xinyue Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yunfeng Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Rane R, Walsh TK, Lenancker P, Gock A, Dao TH, Nguyen VL, Khin TN, Amalin D, Chittarath K, Faheem M, Annamalai S, Thanarajoo SS, Trisyono YA, Khay S, Kim J, Kuniata L, Powell K, Kalyebi A, Otim MH, Nam K, d’Alençon E, Gordon KHJ, Tay WT. Complex multiple introductions drive fall armyworm invasions into Asia and Australia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:660. [PMID: 36635481 PMCID: PMC9837037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is thought to have undergone a rapid 'west-to-east' spread since 2016 when it was first identified in western Africa. Between 2018 and 2020, it was recorded from South Asia (SA), Southeast Asia (SEA), East Asia (EA), and Pacific/Australia (PA). Population genomic analyses enabled the understanding of pathways, population sources, and gene flow in this notorious agricultural pest species. Using neutral single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) DNA markers, we detected genome introgression that suggested most populations in this study were overwhelmingly C- and R-strain hybrids (n = 252/262). SNP and mitochondrial DNA markers identified multiple introductions that were most parsimoniously explained by anthropogenic-assisted spread, i.e., associated with international trade of live/fresh plants and plant products, and involved 'bridgehead populations' in countries to enable successful pest establishment in neighbouring countries. Distinct population genomic signatures between Myanmar and China do not support the 'African origin spread' nor the 'Myanmar source population to China' hypotheses. Significant genetic differentiation between populations from different Australian states supported multiple pathways involving distinct SEA populations. Our study identified Asia as a biosecurity hotspot and a FAW genetic melting pot, and demonstrated the use of genome analysis to disentangle preventable human-assisted pest introductions from unpreventable natural pest spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rane
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Pauline Lenancker
- grid.467576.1Sugar Research Australia, 71378 Bruce Highway, Gordonvale, QLD 4865 Australia
| | - Andrew Gock
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Thi Hang Dao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Divina Amalin
- grid.411987.20000 0001 2153 4317Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Muhammad Faheem
- CAB International Southeast Asia, Serdang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Y. Andi Trisyono
- grid.8570.a0000 0001 2152 4506Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Sathya Khay
- grid.473388.3Plant Protection Division of CARDI, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Juil Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lastus Kuniata
- grid.473451.0New Britain Palm Oil, Ramu Agri Industry Ltd., Lae, Papua New Guinea
| | - Kevin Powell
- grid.467576.1Sugar Research Australia, 71378 Bruce Highway, Gordonvale, QLD 4865 Australia
| | | | - Michael H. Otim
- grid.463519.c0000 0000 9021 5435National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kiwoong Nam
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Université Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Karl H. J. Gordon
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia. .,Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Mo M, Mo E. Frequency and Distribution of Reports of Free-living Green Iguanas (Iguana iguana) in Hong Kong. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Fang C, Hopkinson JE, Balzer J, Frese M, Tay WT, Walsh T. Screening for insecticide resistance in Australian field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) using bioassays and DNA sequencing. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3248-3259. [PMID: 35396820 PMCID: PMC9546000 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species within the Bemisia tabaci cryptic species complex can cause significant crop damage. We used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to identify the species composition and resistance allele genotypes in field populations from cotton fields in Australia. For selected populations, the resistance phenotype was determined in bioassays and compared with sequencing data. RESULTS A metabarcoding approach was used to analyse the species composition in 144 field populations collected between 2013 and 2021. Two mixed AUS I and MEAM1 populations were detected, whereas the remaining 142 populations consisted of MEAM1 only. High-throughput sequencing of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance gene amplicons showed that the organophosphate resistance allele F331W was fixed (> 99%) in all MEAM1 populations, whereas the pyrethroid resistance allele L925I in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was detected at varying frequencies [1.0%-7.0% (43 populations); 27.7% and 42.1% (two populations); 95%-97.5% (three populations)]. Neither organophosphate nor pyrethroid resistance alleles were detected in the AUS I populations. Pyrethroid bioassays of 85 MEAM1 field-derived populations detected no resistance in 51 populations, whereas 32 populations showed low frequency resistance, and 2 populations were highly resistant. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that high-throughput sequencing and bioassays are complementary approaches. The detection of target site mutations and the phenotypic provides a comprehensive analysis of the low-level resistance to pyrethroids that is present in Australian cotton farms. By contrast, a limited survey of whitefly populations from horticulture found evidence of high-level resistance against pyrethroids. Furthermore, we found that the F331W allele (linked to organophosphate resistance) is ubiquitous in Australian MEAM1. © 2022 Commonwealth of Australia. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Fang
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Jamie E Hopkinson
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Jacob Balzer
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Michael Frese
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
| | - Thomas Walsh
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
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Schutze IX, Naranjo SE, Yamamoto PT. Impact of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Soybean Yield and Quality Under Field Conditions. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:757-766. [PMID: 35323936 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a key insect pest in soybean fields in Brazil but data are lacking on the relationship between pest abundance and crop yield and quality. Controlled infestation studies were conducted on caged soybean plants in the field over a two year period at two sites in Brazil. Differences in temperature in the two years affected population growth of B. tabaci, reaching 413 nymphs per leaflet in the first year, and 179 the second year even when the average temperature was 3ºC higher. Higher temperatures promoted a shorter lifecycle and nearly one more generation. Yield was affected with losses up to 500 kg/ha in 2017/2018 and 1,147 kg/ha in 2018/2019. A decrease in the weight of a thousand grains of 18 and 33 g was observed in the first and second year, respectively. No significant differences were observed in grain germination, but estimated losses in protein content were up to 440 kg/ha at the highest infestation level. Pest density and yield data were used to estimate economic injury levels (EILs). EILs ranged from 2.5 to 25.67 nymphs per leaflet and 0.17-1.79 adults per leaflet over a range of control costs, soybean production values, and control efficacies. These results should provide data useful toward development of pest management decision making tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inana X Schutze
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 13418-900, 11 Pádua Dias Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steve E Naranjo
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA
| | - Pedro T Yamamoto
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 13418-900, 11 Pádua Dias Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mota JDS, Barbosa LR, Marchioro CA. Suitable areas for invasive insect pests in Brazil and the potential impacts for eucalyptus forestry. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2596-2606. [PMID: 35338563 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brazil is among the world's largest producers of eucalyptus and the damage caused by native and invasive insect pests is one of the main factors affecting eucalyptus yield. The recent history of biological invasions of eucalyptus pests in Brazil prompts demand for phytosanitary measures to prevent new invasions. This study used ecological niche models to estimate suitable areas for nine eucalyptus pests. This information was used to assess the potential ports of entry, generate invasion risk maps considering the likelihood of introducing invasive species, and estimate the eucalyptus producing municipalities and areas within the species' suitable range. RESULTS A large distribution range was predicted for Eucalyptolyma maideni (Hempitera: Aphalaridae), Orgya postica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), Sinoxylon anale (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), and Trachymela sloanei (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Brazil, while a comparatively smaller distribution was predicted for Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Mnesampela privata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), Paropsis atomaria (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Paropsisterna beata, and P. cloelia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). High-risk areas of invasion near airports and seaports were predicted mainly in southern, southeastern, and northeastern Brazil. A large proportion of the municipalities (24.4% to 93.7%) and areas with eucalyptus plantations (31.9% to 98.3%) are within the climatically suitable areas estimated for the pests, especially in southern and southeastern regions, which comprises 61.5% of the Brazilian eucalyptus production. CONCLUSION The results indicate that eucalyptus forestry may be significantly impacted by biological invasion. The findings provided by our study can assist decision-makers in developing phytosanitary measures to prevent new invasions of forest pests in Brazil. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Dos Santos Mota
- Graduate Program in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems, Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Marchioro
- Graduate Program in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems, Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Guo W, Chen L, Shen X, Yang H, Fang Y, Ouyang W, Mai S, Chen H, Chen S, Hao Q, Yuan S, Zhang C, Huang Y, Shan Z, Yang Z, Qiu D, Zhou X, Cao D, Li X, Jiao Y. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of GmUGT Enhanced Soybean Resistance Against Leaf-Chewing Insects Through Flavonoids Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:802716. [PMID: 35273623 PMCID: PMC8902248 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.802716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Leaf-chewing insects are important pests that cause yield loss and reduce seed quality in soybeans (Glycine max). Breeding soybean varieties that are resistant to leaf-chewing insects can minimize the need for insecticide use and reduce yield loss. The marker gene for QTL-M, Glyma.07g110300 (LOC100775351) that encodes a UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) is the major determinant of resistance against leaf-chewing insects in soybean; it exhibits a loss of function in insect-resistant soybean germplasms. In this study, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation introduced the CRISPR/Cas9 expression vector into the soybean cultivar Tianlong No. 1 to generate Glyma.07g110300-gene mutants. We obtained two novel types of mutations, a 33-bp deletion and a single-bp insertion in the GmUGT coding region, which resulted in an enhanced resistance to Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura. Additionally, overexpressing GmUGT produced soybean varieties that were more sensitive to H. armigera and S. litura. Both mutant and overexpressing lines exhibited no obvious phenotypic changes. The difference in metabolites and gene expression suggested that GmUGT is involved in imparting resistance to leaf-chewing insects by altering the flavonoid content and expression patterns of genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis and defense. Furthermore, ectopic expression of the GmUGT gene in the ugt72b1 mutant of Arabidopsis substantially rescued the phenotype of H. armigera resistance in the atugt72b1 mutant. Our study presents a strategy for increasing resistance against leaf-chewing insects in soybean through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of the UGT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Limiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinjie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yisheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqi Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sihua Mai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingnan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Songli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dezhen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Scott IM, McDowell T, Renaud JB, Krolikowski SW, Chen L, Dhaubhadel S. Soybean (Glycine max L Merr) host-plant defenses and resistance to the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258198. [PMID: 34618855 PMCID: PMC8496822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In southern Ontario, Canada, the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) is an emerging pest of soybean (Glycine max) due to the increasing incidence of warmer, drier weather conditions. One key strategy to manage soybean pests is breeding resistant cultivars. Resistance to pathogens and herbivores in soybean has been associated with isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of specialized metabolites commonly associated with root, leaf and seed tissues. A survey of 18 Ontario soybean cultivars for spider mite resistance included evaluations of antibiosis and tolerance in relation to isoflavonoid and other metabolites detected in the leaves. Ten-day and 4-week trials beginning with early growth stage plants were used to compare survival, growth, fecundity as well as damage to leaves. Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) counts were correlated with HPLC measurements of isoflavonoid concentration in the leaves and global metabolite profiling by high resolution LC-MS to identify other metabolites unique to the most resistant (R) and susceptible (S) cultivars. Within 10 days, no significant difference (P>0.05) in resistance to TSSM was determined between cultivars, but after 4 weeks, one cultivar, OAC Avatar, was revealed to have the lowest number of adult TSSMs and their eggs. Other cultivars showing partial resistance included OAC Wallace and OAC Lakeview, while Pagoda was the most tolerant to TSSM feeding. A low, positive correlation between isoflavonoid concentrations and TSSM counts and feeding damage indicated these compounds alone do not explain the range of resistance or tolerance observed. In contrast, other metabolite features were significantly different (P<0.05) in R versus S cultivars. In the presence of TSSM, the R cultivars had significantly greater (P<0.05) concentrations of the free amino acids Trp, Val, Thr, Glu, Asp and His relative to S cultivars. Furthermore, the R cultivar metabolites detected are viable targets for more in-depth analysis of their potential roles in TSSM defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Scott
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tim McDowell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin B. Renaud
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie W. Krolikowski
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ling Chen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Moro D, Wengrat APGDS, Costa VA, Pozebon H, Tay WT, Bevilaqua JG, Castilhos LB, Padilha G, Ugalde GA, Filho AC, Guedes JVC, Arnemann JA. Integrative Techniques Confirms the Presence of Bemisia tabaci Parasitoids: Encarsia formosa, Encarsia porteri and Eretmocerus mundus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on Soybean and Tomatoes in South Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:593-604. [PMID: 33835382 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parasitoid wasps from the Aphelinidae family (Hymenoptera) are important control agents of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) cryptic species, both through reproduction and feeding processes. Identifying native parasitoid species within agricultural systems affected by Bemisia whitefly species is the first step to developing guidelines for the creation and release of biological control agents aiming at this highly damaging pest species complex. Taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses based on morphological and molecular characters, respectively, confirmed the occurrence of Encarsia formosa (Gahan, 1924) in greenhouse tomatoes from Santa Maria, Encarsia porteri (Mercet, 1928) in open-field soybean from Santa Maria, and Eretmocerus mundus Mercet, 1931 in greenhouse tomatoes from São José do Hortêncio, all within Rio Grande do Sul state (South Brazil). This is the first report of En. formosa, En. porteri and Er. mundus parasitising B. tabaci in South Brazil, and the first En. porteri partial mtCOI gene sequence being reported and characterised. The high temperature inside the tomato greenhouses can be a possible cause for the predominance of Er. mundus in São José do Hortêncio, and sex ratios in the surveyed populations point to female and male prevalence within Encarsia and Eretmocerus genera, respectively. The combined use of taxonomic and molecular characterisation highlights the importance of combining both morphological and molecular approaches in the assessment of previously unidentified whitefly parasitoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Moro
- Depto de Defesa Fitossanitária, Univ Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Henrique Pozebon
- Depto de Defesa Fitossanitária, Univ Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - We Tek Tay
- Dept of Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Guilherme Padilha
- Depto de Defesa Fitossanitária, Univ Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jonas André Arnemann
- Depto de Defesa Fitossanitária, Univ Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
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Adelino JRP, Heringer G, Diagne C, Courchamp F, Faria LDB, Zenni RD. The economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil: a first assessment. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.59185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biological invasions are one of the leading causes of global environmental change and their impacts can affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, human health and the economy. Yet, the understanding on the impacts of invasive alien species is still limited and mostly related to alien species outbreaks and losses in agricultural yield, followed by the understanding of the ecological impacts on natural systems. Notably, the economic impacts of biological invasions have rarely been quantified. Brazil has at least 1214 known alien species from which 460 are recognized as invasive alien species. Still, there are no comprehensive estimates of the cost of their impact and management. Here, we aimed at filling this gap by providing a comprehensive estimate of the economic cost of biological invasions in Brazil. In order to quantify these costs for species, ecosystems and human well-being we used the InvaCost database which is the first global compilation of the economic costs of biological invasions. We found that Brazil reportedly spent a minimum of USD 105.53 billions over 35 years (1984–2019), with an average spent of USD 3.02 (± 9.8) billions per year. Furthermore, USD 104.33 billion were due to damages and losses caused by invaders, whereas only USD 1.19 billion were invested in their management (prevention, control or eradication). We also found that recorded costs were unevenly distributed across ecosystems, and socio-economic sectors, and were rarely evaluated and published. We found that the economic costs with losses and damages were substantially greater than those used for prevention, control or eradication of IAS. Since our data show costs reported in Brazil for only 16 invasive alien species, our estimates are likely a conservative minimum of the actual economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil. Taken together, they indicate that invasive alien species are an important cause of economic losses and that Brazil has mostly opted for paying for the damage incurred by biological invasions rather than investing in preventing them from happening.
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Highly diverse and rapidly spreading: Melanagromyza sojae threatens the soybean belt of South America. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Almeida MF, Tavares CS, Araújo EO, Picanço MC, Oliveira EE, Pereira EJG. Plant Resistance in Some Modern Soybean Varieties May Favor Population Growth and Modify the Stylet Penetration of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:970-978. [PMID: 33625491 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Complaints of severe damage by whiteflies in soybean fields containing genetically engineered (GE) varieties led us to investigate the role of transgenic soybean varieties expressing resistance to some insects (Cry1Ac Bt toxin) and to herbicide (glyphosate) on the population growth and feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). In the laboratory, the whiteflies reared on the GE Bt soybeans had a net reproductive rate (R0) 100% higher and intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) 15% higher than those reared on non-GE soybeans. The increased demographic performance was associated with a higher lifetime fecundity. In electrical penetration graphs, the whiteflies reared on the GE soybeans had fewer probes and spent 50% less time before reaching the phloem phase from the beginning of the first successful probe, indicating a higher risk of transmission of whitefly-borne viruses. Data from Neotropical fields showed a higher population density of B. tabaci on two soybean varieties expressing glyphosate resistance and Cry1Ac Bt toxin. These results indicate that some GE soybean varieties expressing insect and herbicide resistances can be more susceptible to whiteflies than non-GE ones or those only expressing herbicide resistance. Most likely, these differences are related to varietal features that increase host-plant susceptibility to whiteflies. Appropriate pest management may be needed to deal with whiteflies in soybean fields, especially in warm regions, and breeders may want to consider the issue when developing new soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricélia F Almeida
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Center for Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão, Imperatriz, MA, Brazil
| | - Clébson S Tavares
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Euires O Araújo
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Picanço
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliseu José G Pereira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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