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Jiang J, Xue J, Yu M, Jiang X, Cheng Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Dou W, Fan J, Chen J. Molecular Characterization of Chemosensory Protein (CSP) Genes and the Involvement of AgifCSP5 in the Perception of Host Location in the Aphid Parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6392. [PMID: 38928098 PMCID: PMC11204085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aphidius gifuensis is the dominant parasitic natural enemy of aphids. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of host recognition of A. gifuensis would improve its biological control effect. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) play a crucial role in insect olfactory systems and are mainly involved in host localization. In this study, a total of nine CSPs of A. gifuensis with complete open reading frames were identified based on antennal transcriptome data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AgifCSPs were mainly clustered into three subgroups (AgifCSP1/2/7/8, AgifCSP3/9, and AgifCSP4/5/6). AgifCSP2/5 showed high expression in the antennae of both sexes. Moreover, AgifCSP5 was found to be specifically expressed in the antennae. In addition, fluorescent binding assays revealed that AifCSP5 had greater affinities for 7 of 32 volatile odor molecules from various sources. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis results revealed that the residue at which AgifCSP5 binds to these seven plant volatiles is Tyr75. Behavior tests further confirmed that trans-2-nonenal, one of the seven active volatiles in the ligand binding test, significantly attracted female adults at a relatively low concentration of 10 mg/mL. In conclusion, AgifCSP5 may be involved in locating aphid-infested crops from long distances by detecting and binding trans-2-nonenal. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for further understanding the olfactory recognition mechanisms and indirect aphid localization behavior of A. gifuensis from long distances by first identifying the host plant of aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jiayi Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yumeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Huijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jia Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Julian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (M.Y.); (X.J.); (Y.C.); (H.W.); (Y.L.)
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Huang X, Zhou T, Ullah H, Zhu D, Tang Y, Xu H, Wang H, Tan J. Investigating the Influence of Varied Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Wavelengths on Phototactic Behavior and Opsin Genes in Vespinae. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1543. [PMID: 38891590 PMCID: PMC11171232 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The phototactic behavior of insects is commonly used to manage pest populations in practical production. However, this elusive behavior is not yet fully understood. Investigating whether the opsin genes play a crucial role in phototaxis is an intriguing topic. Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) are a common group of social wasps that are closely associated with human activities. Efficiently controlling wasp populations while maintaining ecological balance is a pressing global challenge that still has to be resolved. This research aims to explore the phototactic behavior and key opsin genes associated with Vespinae. We found significant differences in the photophilic rates of Vespula germanica and Vespa analis under 14 different light conditions, indicating that their phototactic behavior is rhythmic. The results also showed that the two species exhibited varying photophilic rates under different wavelengths of light, suggesting that light wavelength significantly affects their phototactic behavior. Additionally, the opsin genes of the most aggressive hornet, Vespa basalis, have been sequenced. There are only two opsin genes, one for UV light and the other for blue light, and Vespa basalis lacks long-wavelength visual proteins. However, they exhibit peak phototaxis for long-wavelength light and instead have the lowest phototaxis for UV light. This suggests that the visual protein genes have a complex regulatory mechanism for phototactic behavior in Vespinae. Additionally, visual protein sequences have a high degree of homology among Hymenoptera. Despite the hypotheses put forward by some scholars regarding phototaxis, a clear and complete explanation of insect phototaxis is still lacking to date. Our findings provide a strong theoretical basis for further investigation of visual expression patterns and phototactic mechanisms in Vespinae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiangli Tan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (X.H.); (T.Z.); (H.U.); (D.Z.); (Y.T.); (H.X.); (H.W.)
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Han KR, Wang WW, Li X, Liu TX, Zhang SZ. Involvement of Chemosensory Protein CrufCSP3 in Perception of the Host Location in a Parasitic Wasp Cotesia ruficrus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10828-10841. [PMID: 38691839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) constitute a class of olfactory proteins localized in insect sensory organs that serve a crucial function in decoding external chemical stimuli. This study aims to elucidate the involvement of CrufCSP3 in olfactory perception within the context of Cotesia ruficrus, an indigenous endoparasitoid targeting the invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda. Through fluorescence-competitive binding assays and site-directed mutagenesis, we pinpointed four amino acids as pivotal residues involved in the interaction between CrufCSP3 and five host-related compounds. Subsequent RNA interference experiments targeting CrufCSP3 unveiled a reduced sensitivity to specific host-related compounds and a decline in the parasitism rate of the FAW larvae. These findings unequivocally indicate the essential role of CrufCSP3 in the chemoreception process of C. ruficrus. Consequently, our study not only sheds light on the functional importance of CSPs in parasitic wasp behavior but also contributes to the development of eco-friendly and efficacious wasp behavior modifiers for effectively mitigating pest population surges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ru Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shi-Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Liu G, Wang Q, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhou X, Bao D, Wang N, Sun J, Huang F, Yang M, Zhang H, Yan P, Li X, Shi J, Fu J. Plant-derived monoterpene S-linalool and β-ocimene generated by CsLIS and CsOCS-SCZ are key chemical cues for attracting parasitoid wasps for suppressing Ectropis obliqua infestation in Camellia sinensis L. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:913-927. [PMID: 38168880 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Insect-induced plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may function as either direct defence molecules to deter insects or indirect defence signals to attract the natural enemies of the invading insects. Tea (Camellia sinensis L.), an important leaf-based beverage crop, is mainly infested by Ectropis obliqua which causes the most serious damage. Here, we report a mechanistic investigation of tea plant-derived VOCs in an indirect defence mechanism against E. obliqua. Parasitoid wasp Parapanteles hyposidrae, a natural enemy of E. obliqua, showed strong electrophysiological response and selection behaviour towards S-linalool and β-ocimene, two monoterpenes with elevated emission from E. obliqua-damaged tea plants. Larvae frass of E. obliqua, which also released S-linalool and β-ocimene, was found to attract both mated female or male Pa. hyposidrae according to gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection and Y-tube olfactometer assays. In a field setting, both S-linalool and β-ocimene were effective in recruiting both female and male Pa. hyposidrae wasps. To understand the molecular mechanism of monoterpenes-mediated indirect defence in tea plants, two novel monoterpene synthase genes, CsLIS and CsOCS-SCZ, involved in the biosynthesis of S-linalool or β-ocimene, respectively, were identified and biochemically characterised. When the expression of these two genes in tea plants was inhibited by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, both volatile emission and attraction of wasps were reduced. Furthermore, gene expression analysis suggested that the expression of CsLIS and CsOCS-SCZ is regulated by the jasmonic acid signalling pathway in the tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Liu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogui Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Demeng Bao
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nuo Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuyin Huang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Fu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
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Li B, Duan Y, Du Z, Wang X, Liu S, Feng Z, Tian L, Song F, Yang H, Cai W, Lin Z, Li H. Natural selection and genetic diversity maintenance in a parasitic wasp during continuous biological control application. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1379. [PMID: 38355730 PMCID: PMC10866907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aphidius gifuensis is a parasitoid wasp and primary endoparasitoid enemy of the peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae. Artificially reared, captive wasps of this species have been extensively and effectively used to control populations of aphids and limit crop loss. However, the consequences of large-scale releasing of captive A. gifuensis, such as genetic erosion and reduced fitness in wild populations of this species, remains unclear. Here, we sequence the genomes of 542 A. gifuensis individuals collected across China, including 265 wild and 277 human-intervened samples. Population genetic analyses on wild individuals recovered Yunnan populations as the ancestral group with the most complex genetic structure. We also find genetic signature of environmental adaptation during the dispersal of wild populations from Yunnan to other regions. While comparative genomic analyses of captive wasps revealed a decrease in genetic diversity during long-term rearing, population genomic analyses revealed signatures of natural selection by several biotic (host plants) or abiotic (climate) factors, which support maintenance of the gene pool of wild populations in spite of the introduction of captive wasps. Therefore, the impact of large-scale release is reduced. Our study suggests that A. gifuensis is a good system for exploring the genetic and evolutionary effects of mass rearing and release on species commonly used as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuange Duan
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenyong Du
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zengbei Feng
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Song
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | | | - Wanzhi Cai
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhonglong Lin
- Yunnan Tobacco Company of China National Tobacco Corporation, Kunming, 650011, China.
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Functional analysis of odorant-binding proteins for the parasitic host location to implicate convergent evolution between the grain aphid and its parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:510-524. [PMID: 36509203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
(E)-β-farnesene (EBF) is a typical and ecologically important infochemical in tri-trophic level interactions among plant-aphid-natural enemies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which parasitoids recognize and utilize EBF are unclear. In this study, we functionally characterized 8 AgifOBPs in Aphidifus gifuensis, one dominant endo-parasitoid of wheat aphid as well as peach aphid in China. Among which, AgifOBP6 was the only OBP upregulated by various doses of EBF, and it showed a strong binding affinity to EBF in vitro. The lack of homology between AgifOBP6 and EBF-binding proteins from aphids or from other aphid natural enemies supported that this was a convergent evolution among insects from different orders driven by EBF. Molecular docking of AgifOBP6 with EBF revealed key interacting residues and hydrophobic forces as the main forces. AgifOBP6 is widely expressed among various antennal sensilla. Furthermore, two bioassays indicated that trace EBF may promote the biological control efficiency of A. gifuensis, especially on winged aphids. In summary, this study reveals an OBP (AgifOBP6) that may play a leading role in aphid alarm pheromone detection by parasitoids and offers a new perspective on aphid biological control by using EBF. These results will improve our understanding of tri-trophic level interactions among plant-aphid-natural enemies.
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Search performance and octopamine neuronal signaling mediate parasitoid induced changes in Drosophila oviposition behavior. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4476. [PMID: 35918358 PMCID: PMC9345866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Making the appropriate responses to predation risk is essential for the survival of an organism; however, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Here, we find that Drosophila has evolved an adaptive strategy to manage the threat from its parasitoid wasp by manipulating the oviposition behavior. Through perception of the differences in host search performance of wasps, Drosophila is able to recognize younger wasps as a higher level of threat and consequently depress the oviposition. We further show that this antiparasitoid behavior is mediated by the regulation of the expression of Tdc2 and Tβh in the ventral nerve cord via LC4 visual projection neurons, which in turn leads to the dramatic reduction in octopamine and the resulting dysfunction of mature follicle trimming and rupture. Our study uncovers a detailed mechanism underlying the defensive behavior in insects that may advance our understanding of predator avoidance in animals.
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Jiang X, Qin Y, Jiang J, Xu Y, Francis F, Fan J, Chen J. Spatial Expression Analysis of Odorant Binding Proteins in Both Sexes of the Aphid Parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis and Their Ligand Binding Properties. Front Physiol 2022; 13:877133. [PMID: 35600304 PMCID: PMC9115719 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.877133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, Aphidius gifuensis is one of the most common endoparasitoids of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae and grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi in the field. Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) play vital roles in odor perception during feeding, host searching, mating and oviposition. In addition, some OBPs are involved in other physiological processes such as gustation and reproduction. In the present study, a comparative antennal transcriptomic analysis was applied between male and female A. gifuensis. The spatial expression patterns among antennae, heads, thoraxes, abdomens and legs of OBPs in both sexes were further profiled. Fifteen AgifOBPs were predicted, and 14 of them were identified by gene cloning, including 12 classic OBPs and 2 min-C OBPs. As expected, all OBPs were mainly expressed at high levels in antennae, heads or legs which are sensory organs and tissues. Finally, ligand binding properties of 2 OBPs (AgifOBP7 and AgifOBP9) were further evaluated. Female leg specifically expressed AgifOBP9 displays a broad and high binding property to aphid alarm pheromones, plant green volatiles and aphid sex pheromones (Ki < 10 μΜ). However, female leg specifically expressed AgifOBP7 displays poor affinity for all tested ligands except CAU-II-11 ((E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate), a reported (E)-β-farnesene (EBF) analog with an exceptionally high binding affinity (Ki = 1.07 ± 0.08 μΜ). In summary, we reported the spatial expression pattern of the OBP repertoire in A. gifuensis, and further studied the binding properties of OBP7 and OBP9, which are mainly expressed in female legs, laying the foundation for the dissection of the contribution of OBPs to chemosensation in A. gifuensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yaoguo Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Environment-Friendly Control of Crop Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute of YAAS, Kunming, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jia Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Fan, ; Julian Chen,
| | - Julian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Fan, ; Julian Chen,
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