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Perumal V, Kannan S, Pittarate S, Chinnasamy R, Krutmuang P. Essential oils from Acacia nilotica (Fabales: Fabaceae) seeds: May have insecticidal effects? Heliyon 2023; 9:e14808. [PMID: 37089397 PMCID: PMC10119573 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study Acacia nilotica seed derived essential oils were tested against Spodoptera litura, Tenebrio molitor, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis, and Aphis fabae, as well as their effects on non-target species Eudrilus eugeniae and Artemia salina at 24 h post treatment. The seed essential oil produced insecticidal activity against A. fabae (LC50 = 41.679, LC90 = 75.212 μl/mL), O. hyalinipennis (LC50 = 37.629, LC90 = 118.485 μl/mL), T. molitor (LC50 = 56.796, LC90 = 201.912 μl/mL), and S. litura (LC50 = 62.215, LC90 = 241.183 μl/mL). Essential oils do not cause a remarkable effect on E. eugeniae and A. salina cytotoxicity. The essential oils produced a lower effect on Artemia salina (LC50 = 384.382, LC90 = 1341.397 μl/mL) and no lethal effects were observed on E. eugeniae. The histopathological evaluation showed no sub-lethal effects of essential oils on earthworm gut tissues. GC-MS analysis results revealed that the major chemical constituent was hexadecane (19.560%) and heptacosane (17.214%) and FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of alkanes and alkyles, aromatics, and amides functional groups that may be involved in insecticidal activity. Overall, the results showed that the seed derived essential oil has excellent insecticidal action against major agricultural insect pests and may therefore offer an environmentally benign alternative to conventional insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanandhan Perumal
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 77, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Swathy Kannan
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sarayut Pittarate
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Ramírez A, Serrão JE. Susceptibility of Demotispa neivai (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae entomopathogenic fungal isolates. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:126-133. [PMID: 34453875 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae isolates obtained from naturally infected oil palm pests was evaluated to control Demotispa neivai as an alternative for organophosphate insecticide use in oil palm crops in Latin America. Two B. bassiana (Bb-0018 and Bb-0025) and two M. anisopliae (Ma-0002 and Ma-0003) isolates were tested against D. neivai adults for hydrophobicity, virulence, survival, adhesion to host cuticle, and mortality in semi-field conditions. RESULTS Concentration-mortality bioassays demonstrate that isolates had lethal effect on D. neivai adults with Bb-0025 [median lethal concentration (LC50 ) = 3.45 × 107 conidia mL-1 ] and Bb-0018 (LC50 = 3.75 × 107 conidia mL-1 ) being the most effective followed by Ma-0003 (LC50 = 3.38 × 108 conidia mL-1 ) and Ma-0002 (5.33 × 108 conidia mL-1 ). Adult survival was 99% without exposure to fungal isolates, decreasing to 21.65% in insects exposed to Ma-0002, 19.41% with Ma-0003, 20.13% with Bb-0018, and 0.17% with Bb-0025. Mortality of D. neivai adults caused by the entomopathogenic fungal isolates was similar in both laboratory and semi-field conditions. Also, vegetative growth of the entomopathogenic fungal isolates was found in infected D. neivai adults in the field. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the tested entomopathogenic fungal isolates are effective against D. neivai with potential to be used as biological control agents contributing to the decrease of the use of chemical insecticides to control this oil palm pest. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Augusto Ramírez
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Plata-Rueda A, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE, Martínez LC. Origanum vulgare Essential Oil against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Composition, Insecticidal Activity, and Behavioral Response. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112513. [PMID: 34834876 PMCID: PMC8622527 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor is one of the main stored product pests. This study characterized oregano essential oil (OEO) by gas chromatography (GC/FID and GC/MS) and assessed its insecticidal properties against T. molitor. Mortality, survival, respiration, and behavioral response in larva, pupa, and adult of this insect were determined. The major components of OEO were carvacrol (25.6%), p-cymene (12.3%), linalool (8.71%), thymol (7.22%), γ-terpinene (7.21%), caryophyllene oxide (4.67%), α-pinene (2.71%), and eucalyptol (2.69%). OEO caused high contact toxicity in larvae (LD50 = 3.03 µg insect-1), pupae (LD50 = 5.01 µg insect-1), and adults (LD50 = 5.12 µg insect-1) of T. molitor. Survival rates were 100% in larvae, pupae, and adults of T. molitor not treated with OEO, declining to 65-54%, 38-44%, 30-23%, and 6-2% in insects treated with LD25, LD50, LD75, and LD90, respectively. Low respiration rates of T. molitor at different developmental stages was observed after OEO exposure. Additionally, OEO exposure affects behavioral avoidance response and causes repellency in larvae and adults. These findings show that OEO exerts insecticidal and repellent effects against T. molitor, suggesting a potent alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling the beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil; (A.P.-R.); (J.C.Z.)
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil; (A.P.-R.); (J.C.Z.)
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil;
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-3899-4012
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Farder-Gomes CF, Saravanan M, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Azadirachtin-based biopesticide affects the respiration and digestion in Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1892764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Meenakshi Saravanan
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | | | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
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Acute Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Lemongrass Essential Oil and Their Components against the Granary Weevil, Sitophilus granarius. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11060379. [PMID: 32570794 PMCID: PMC7349354 DOI: 10.3390/insects11060379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we evaluate the toxic and repellent properties of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC. ex Nees) Stapf.) essential oil and its components against Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus as an alternative to insecticide use. The lethal dose (LD50 and LD90), survivorship, respiration rate, and repellency on adults of S. granarius exposed to different doses of lemongrass oil and some of its components were evaluated. The chemical composition of the essential oil was found to have the major components of neral (24.6%), citral (18.7%), geranyl acetate (12.4%), geranial (12.3%), and limonene (7.55%). Lemongrass essential oil (LD50 = 4.03 µg·insect–1), citral (LD50 = 6.92 µg·insect–1), and geranyl acetate (LD50 = 3.93 µg·insect–1) were toxic to S. granarius adults. Survivorship was 99.9% in insects not exposed to lemongrass essential oil, decreasing to 57.6%, 43.1%, and 25.9% in insects exposed to LD50 of essential oil, citral, and geranyl acetate, respectively. The insects had low respiratory rates and locomotion after exposure to the essential oil, geranyl acetate, and citral. Our data show that lemongrass essential oils and their components have insecticidal and repellent activity against S. granarius and, therefore, have the potential for application in stored grain pest management schemes.
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da Silva IM, Zanuncio JC, Brügger BP, Soares MA, Zanuncio AJV, Wilcken CF, Tavares WDS, Serrão JE, Sediyama CS. Selectivity of the botanical compounds to the pollinators Apis mellifera and Trigona hyalinata (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sci Rep 2020; 10:4820. [PMID: 32179793 PMCID: PMC7076031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of essential oils that can be used in insect pest management to pollinators needs further studies. Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Trigona hyalinata (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foragers were exposed by three pathways to ginger, mint, oregano and thyme essential oils to provide their LC50, LD50 and LC90, LD90. Oregano and thyme were more toxic through contact and topically for A. mellifera while the toxicity of mint and ginger was lower. Trigona hyalinata was more tolerant to the essential oils than A. mellifera. In the walking test, the area was treated (totally or partially) with sub-doses (LC50) obtained via contact. The area fully treated with oregano reduced the distance traveled and the movement speed increased the number of stops by A. mellifera. Similar results were observed for T. hyalinata with oregano and thyme oils. Apis mellifera showed irritability remaining shorter time in the area partially treated with ginger, mint and thyme essential oils while T. hyalinata had similar behavior with ginger and thyme. Essential oils did not repel A. mellifera or T. hyalinata, but those of ginger, mint and thyme reduced the time spent by A. mellifera in areas treated with sublethal doses. Oregano and thyme essential oils reduced the survival, mainly, of A. mellifera, while ginger and mint were selective for both pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Moreira da Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Bruno Pandelo Brügger
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 39100-000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Antônio José Vinha Zanuncio
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - Wagner de Souza Tavares
- Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited, Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper, Pangkalan Kerinci, Riau, 28300, Indonesia
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Cossolin JFS, Pereira MJB, Martínez LC, Turchen LM, Fiaz M, Bozdoğan H, Serrão JE. Cytotoxicity of Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) essential oil in brown stink bug Euschistus heros (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:763-770. [PMID: 31254186 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a soybean pest in Brazil, controlled with synthetic chemical insecticides, which may be harmful to the environment and humans, as well as to select pest resistant strains. The research for new pest control strategies such as the use of plant essential oils has been increased due to the selectivity and biodegradation of these molecules. The objective was to evaluate the cytological changes in the salivary glands, fat body and midgut of E. heros exposed to different concentrations of essential oil of Piper aduncum L. (Piperales: Piperaceae), which the main compounds were identified as myristicin 30.03%, aromadendrene 9.20%, dillapiole 8.43%, α-serinene 7.31%, tridecane 6.26%, γ-elemene 4.58% and o-cymene 4.20%. The essential oil of P. aduncum was toxic for E. heros with LD50 = 36.23 mg per insect and LD90 = 50.42 mg per insect. Cytological changes such as tissue disruption, increase in mitochondria population, and glycogen and lipid depletion occur in the fat body cells, whereas salivary glands and midgut are not affected by this essential oil. Results suggest that P. aduncum essential oil causes fat body cellular stress, which may compromise some physiological processes for the insect survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile F S Cossolin
- Departament of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mônica J B Pereira
- Departament of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Luis C Martínez
- Departament of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Turchen
- Departament of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Fiaz
- Departament of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hakan Bozdoğan
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kirsehir Vocational School of Technicial Sciences, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departament of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Brügger BP, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Castro BMDCE, Soares MA, Wilcken CF, Carvalho AG, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Bioactivity of the Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil and its terpenoid constituents on the predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:8358. [PMID: 31175321 PMCID: PMC6555811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), released in biological control programs, is a predator of Lepidopteran and Coleopteran species. Lemongrass essential oil and its constituents can be toxic to this natural enemy. The major constituents of lemongrass essential oil are neral (31.5%), citral (26.1%), and geranyl acetate (2.27%). Six concentrations of lemongrass essential oil and of its citral and geranyl acetate constituents were applied to the thorax of P. nigrispinus nymphs and adults. The walking and respiratory behavior of the P. nigrispinus third-instar nymphs, treated with citral and geranyl acetate at the LD50 and LD90 doses, were analyzed with video and respirometer. The lemongrass essential oil toxicity increased from first- to fifth-instar P. nigrispinus nymphs. The P. nigrispinus respiration rates (μL de CO2 h-1/insect) with citral and geranyl acetate in the LD50 and LD90 differed. Nymphs exposed to the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents on treated surfaces presented irritability or were repelled. Podisus nigrispinus adults were tolerant to the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents, geranyl acetate and citral. The altered respiratory activity with geranyl acetate and the fact that they were irritated and repelled by citral suggest caution with regard to the use of the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents in integrated pest management incorporating this predator, in order to avoid diminishing its efficiency against the pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pandelo Brügger
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), 39100-000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-034, Campus de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amélia Guimarães Carvalho
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Plata-Rueda A, Martínez LC, Costa NCR, Zanuncio JC, de Sena Fernandes ME, Serrão JE, Guedes RNC, Fernandes FL. Chlorantraniliprole-mediated effects on survival, walking abilities, and respiration in the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:53-58. [PMID: 30682633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the main pest of coffee crops, and effective methods for pest management are needed urgently. Bioassays were conducted to assess the effects of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole on H. hampei adults. Toxicity, survivorship, larval production, respiration rate, and behavioral responses to six concentrations of chlorantraniliprole were evaluated. Chlorantraniliprole was toxic to H. hampei (LD50 = 0.49 mg mL-1 and LD90 = 1.21 mg mL-1). Survivorship was 98% in adults not exposed to chlorantraniliprole, decreasing to 52% in insects exposed to LD50 and 2% in insects treated with LD90. H. hampei showed reduced mobility on insecticide-treated surfaces. The insecticide promoted a decrease in the respiration rate of H. hampei for up to 3 h after exposure, altering behavioral responses and locomotor activity. Chlorantraniliprole was shown to have lethal and sublethal effects on H. hampei and, thus, can be used rotationally in integrated pest management programs to control of this pest in coffee crops and retard of insect resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000 Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Flávio Lemes Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000 Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Garcia ASG, Scudeler EL, Pinheiro PFF, Dos Santos DC. Can exposure to neem oil affect the spermatogenesis of predator Ceraeochrysa claveri? PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:693-701. [PMID: 30460415 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel biological control methods and integrated pest management strategies are basic requirements for the development of sustainable agriculture. As a result, there is a growing demand for research on the use of plant extracts and natural enemies such as the green lacewing, Ceraeochrysa claveri, as natural pest control methods. Studies have shown that although natural compounds such as neem oil (Azadirachta indica) are effective as pest control strategies, they also cause sublethal effects on nontarget insects, such as C. claveri. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of neem oil on C. claveri testes. C. claveri larvae were fed Diatraea saccharalis eggs, which were pretreated with 0.5%, 1%, and 2% neem oil. Testes were collected from larvae, pupae, and adults and analyzed using light and electron (transmission and scanning) microscopy. Changes in cellular stress and possible cell death were also determined by TUNEL assay and the marker HSP-70. The results showed that neem oil affects the organization and distribution of cysts in the testes and the normal sequence of cyst development, causing a delay in spermatogenesis in the testes of treated insects. Tests for cellular stress and DNA fragmentation indicated there was no cellular alteration in the treated groups. Although neem oil does not induce cell death or changes in HSP-70 expression, this biopesticide negatively impacts the process of spermatogenesis and could decrease the perpetuation of this species in the agroecosystem, indicating that the use of neem oil in association with green lacewings as a biological control should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Silvia Gimenes Garcia
- Laboratory of Insects, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Elton Luiz Scudeler
- Laboratory of Insects, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Carvalho Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Insects, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil.
- Electron Microscopy Center, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Exposure to Insecticides Reduces Populations of Rhynchophorus palmarum in Oil Palm Plantations with Bud Rot Disease. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10040111. [PMID: 31010115 PMCID: PMC6523913 DOI: 10.3390/insects10040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The South American palm weevil (SAPW), Rhynchophorus palmarum Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the main pest of Elaeis guineensis and damages palm trees with bud rot disease in the Americas. The effects of six neurotoxic insecticides (abamectin, carbaryl, deltamethrin, fipronil, imidacloprid and spinosad) were evaluated against SAPW for toxicity, survival, reproduction, and mortality. Abamectin (LC50 = 0.33 mg mL−1), Carbaryl (LC50 = 0.24 mg mL−1), deltamethrin (LC50 = 0.17 mg mL−1), and fipronil (LC50 = 0.42 mg mL−1) were the most toxic to SAPW. Adult survival was 95% without exposure to insecticides, decreasing to 78–65% in insects treated with the LC25 and 49–35% in insects exposed to LC50. Sublethal doses of carbaryl, fipronil and imidacloprid showed significant effect on the reproduction of this insect. Mortality of SAPW populations caused by insecticides had similar effects in the laboratory and field conditions. The results suggest that carbaryl, deltamethrin, fipronil, and imidacloprid caused significantly higher mortality as compared to the control in SAPW and may be used to control its populations in oil palm trees where bud rot appears as the key disease for SAPW attraction and infestation.
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Amaral KD, Martínez LC, Pereira Lima MA, Serrão JE, Della Lucia TMC. Azadirachtin impairs egg production in Atta sexdens leaf-cutting ant queens. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:809-814. [PMID: 30243189 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Leaf-cutting ants are important pests of forests and agricultural crops in the Neotropical region. Atta sexdens colonies can be composed of thousands of individuals, which form a highly complex society with a single reproductive queen. Successful control of this species is achieved only if the queen is affected. Few data are available on the lethal or sublethal effects of toxic compounds on leaf-cutting ant queens. Azadirachtin has been claimed as an effective biopesticide for insect control, but its action on leaf-cutting ants has been little explored. This study shows that azadirachtin affects oviposition in A. sexdens queens, impairing egg development by decreasing protein reserves. Azadirachtin inhibits the synthesis of vitellogenin, the major yolk protein precursor. The negative effects of azadirachtin on the reproduction of leaf-cutting ant queens suggest a potential use for the control of these insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Dias Amaral
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil.
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil.
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13
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Colares HC, Campos JM, Dos Santos MH, Fernandes FL, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Toxic effects of two essential oils and their constituents on the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 108:716-725. [PMID: 29237511 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The study identified insecticidal effects from the cinnamon and clove essential oils in Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90), lethal time, and repellent effect on larvae, pupae, and adults of T. molitor after exposure to six concentrations of each essential oil and toxic compounds were evaluated. The chemical composition of the cinnamon oil was also determined and primary compounds were eugenol (10.19%), trans-3-caren-2-ol (9.92%), benzyl benzoate (9.68%), caryophyllene (9.05%), eugenyl acetate (7.47%), α-phellandrene (7.18%), and α-pinene (6.92%). In clove essential oil, the primary compounds were eugenol (26.64%), caryophyllene (23.73%), caryophyllene oxide (17.74%), 2-propenoic acid (11.84%), α-humulene (10.48%), γ-cadinene (4.85%), and humulene oxide (4.69%). Cinnamon and clove essential oils were toxic to T. molitor. In toxic chemical compounds, eugenol have stronger contact toxicity in larvae, pupae, and adult than caryophyllene oxide, followed by α-pinene, α-phellandrene, and α-humulene. In general, the two essential oils were toxic and repellent to adult T. molitor. Cinnamon and clove essential oils and their compounds caused higher mortality and repellency on T. molitor and, therefore, have the potential for integrated management programs of this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Martínez
- Departamento de Entomologia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - A Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,38810-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - H C Colares
- Departamento de Fitotecnia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - J M Campos
- Departamento de Fitotecnia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - M H Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - F L Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,38810-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - J E Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
| | - J C Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,36570-000,Viçosa,Minas Gerais,Brasil
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14
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Fiaz M, Martínez LC, Costa MDS, Cossolin JFS, Plata-Rueda A, Gonçalves WG, Sant'Ana AEG, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Squamocin induce histological and ultrastructural changes in the midgut cells of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 156:1-8. [PMID: 29524778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Annonaceous acetogenins (Annona squamosa Linnaeus) comprises of a series of natural products which are extracted from Annonaceae species, squamocin proved to be highly efficient among those agents. Squamocin is mostly referred as a lethal agent for midgut cells of different insects, with toxic effects when tested against larva of some insects. In present study, LC50 and LC90 of squamocin for A. gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were calculated using probit analysis. Morphological changes in midgut cells were analyzed under light, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopes when larvae were treated with LC50 and LC90 of squamocin for 24, 48 and 72 h. Results revealed that the maximum damage to midgut cells was found under LC90 where it showed digestive cells with enlarged basal labyrinth, highly vacuolated cytoplasm, damaged apical surface, cell protrusions to the gut lumen, autophagy and cell death. The midgut goblet cells showed a strong disorganization of their microvilli. Likewise, in insects treated with squamocin, mitochondria were not marked with Mitotracker fluorescent probe, suggesting some molecular damage in these organelles, which was reinforced by decrease in the respiration rate in these insects. These results demonstrate that squamocin has potential to induce enough morphological changes in midgut through epithelial cell damage in A. gemmatalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fiaz
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Antônio Euzébio Goulart Sant'Ana
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-900, Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Zeng C, Wu L, Zhao Y, Yun Y, Peng Y. Tea saponin reduces the damage of Ectropis obliqua to tea crops, and exerts reduced effects on the spiders Ebrechtella tricuspidata and Evarcha albaria compared to chemical insecticides. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4534. [PMID: 29576988 PMCID: PMC5863709 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea is one of the most economically important crops in China. However, the tea geometrid (Ectropis obliqua), a serious leaf-feeding pest, causes significant damage to tea crops and reduces tea yield and quality. Spiders are the most dominant predatory enemies in the tea plantation ecosystem, which makes them potentially useful biological control agents of E. obliqua. These highlight the need for alternative pest control measures. Our previous studies have shown that tea saponin (TS) exerts insecticidal activity against lepidopteran pests. Here, we investigate whether TS represents a potentially new alternative insecticide with no harm to spiders. METHODS We investigated laboratory bioactivities and the field control properties of TS solution against E. obliqua. (i) A leaf-dip bioassay was used to evaluate the toxicity of TS to 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae and effects of TS on the activities of enzymes glutathione-S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CES) and peroxidase (POD) of 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae in the laboratory. (ii) Topical application was used to measure the toxicity of 30% TS (w/v) and two chemical insecticides (10% bifenthrin EC and 50% diafenthiuron SC) to two species of spider, Ebrechtella tricuspidata and Evarcha albaria. (iii) Field trials were used to investigate the controlling efficacy of 30% TS against E. obliqua larvae and to classify the effect of TS to spiders in the tea plantation. RESULTS The toxicity of TS to 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae occurred in a dose-dependent manner and the LC50 was 164.32 mg/mL. Activities of the detoxifying-related enzymes, GST and POD, increased in 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae, whereas AChE and CES were inhibited with time by treatment with TS. Mortalities of E. tricuspidata and E. albaria after 48 h with 30% TS treatment (16.67% and 20%, respectively) were significantly lower than those with 10% bifenthrin EC (80% and 73.33%, respectively) and 50% diafenthiuron EC (43.33% and 36.67%, respectively). The highest controlling efficacy of 30% TS was 77.02% at 5 d after treatment, which showed no difference to 10% bifenthrin EC or 50% diafenthiuron SC. 30% TS was placed in the class N (harmless or slightly harmful) of IOBC (International Organization of Biological Control) categories for natural enemies, namely spiders. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that TS is a botanical insecticide that has a good controlling efficacy in E. obliqua larvae, which suggests it has promise as application in the integrated pest management (IPM) envisaged for tea crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingbing Wu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueli Yun
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Plata-Rueda A, Martínez LC, Santos MHD, Fernandes FL, Wilcken CF, Soares MA, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Insecticidal activity of garlic essential oil and their constituents against the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Sci Rep 2017; 7:46406. [PMID: 28425475 PMCID: PMC5397855 DOI: 10.1038/srep46406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of garlic, Allium sativum Linnaeus (Amaryllidaceae) essential oil and their principal constituents on Tenebrio molitor. Garlic essential oil, diallyl disulfide, and diallyl sulfide oil were used to compare the lethal and repellent effects on larvae, pupae and adults of T. molitor. Six concentrations of garlic essential oil and their principal constituents were topically applied onto larvae, pupae and adults of this insect. Repellent effect and respiration rate of each constituent was evaluated. The chemical composition of garlic essential oil was also determined and primary compounds were dimethyl trisulfide (19.86%), diallyl disulfide (18.62%), diallyl sulfide (12.67%), diallyl tetrasulfide (11.34%), and 3-vinyl-[4H]-1,2-dithiin (10.11%). Garlic essential oil was toxic to T. molitor larva, followed by pupa and adult. In toxic compounds, diallyl disulfide was the most toxic than diallyl sulfide for pupa > larva > adult respectively and showing lethal effects at different time points. Garlic essential oil, diallyl disulfide and diallyl sulfide induced symptoms of intoxication and necrosis in larva, pupa, and adult of T. molitor between 20–40 h after exposure. Garlic essential oil and their compounds caused lethal and sublethal effects on T. molitor and, therefore, have the potential for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaiba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - Flávio Lemes Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaiba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção de Plantas, Escola de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 18603-970, Botucatu, Brasil
| | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 391000-000 Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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17
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Zanuncio JC, Mourão SA, Martínez LC, Wilcken CF, Ramalho FS, Plata-Rueda A, Soares MA, Serrão JE. Toxic effects of the neem oil (Azadirachta indica) formulation on the stink bug predator, Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Sci Rep 2016; 6:30261. [PMID: 27596436 PMCID: PMC5011654 DOI: 10.1038/srep30261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of neem oil on mortality, survival and malformations of the non-target stink bug predator, Podisus nigrispinus. Neurotoxic and growth inhibitor insecticides were used to compare the lethal and sublethal effects from neem oil on this predator. Six concentrations of neem oil were topically applied onto nymphs and adults of this predator. The mortality rates of third, fourth, and fifth instar nymphs increased with increasing neem oil concentrations, suggesting low toxicity to P. nigrispinus nymphs. Mortality of adults was low, but with sublethal effects of neem products on this predator. The developmental rate of P. nigrispinus decreased with increasing neem oil concentrations. Longevity of fourth instar nymphs varied from 3.74 to 3.05 d, fifth instar from 5.94 to 4.07 d and adult from 16.5 and 15.7 d with 0.5 and 50% neem doses. Podisus nigrispinus presented malformations and increase with neem oil concentrations. The main malformations occur in wings, scutellum and legs of this predator. The neem oil at high and sub lethal doses cause mortality, inhibits growth and survival and results in anomalies on wings and legs of the non-traget predator P. nigrispinus indicating that its use associated with biological control should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Sheila Abreu Mourão
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção de Plantas, Escola de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 18603-970, Botucatu, Brasil
| | - Francisco S Ramalho
- Unidade de Controle Biológico, Embrapa Algodão, Av. Osvaldo Cruz, 1143, Campina Grande-PB, CEP 58428-095, Brasil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 391000-000 Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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