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Farías AA, Laberdolive V, Stein M, Juri MJD, Visintin A, Almirón WR, Contigiani MS, Re VE, Diaz A. Diversity and molecular characterization of insect-specific flaviviruses in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in central and northern Argentina. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230452. [PMID: 38922274 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The genus Flavivirus comprises approximately 80 different viruses. Phylogenetic relationships among its members indicate a clear ecological separation between those viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, with no known vector, and insect-specific Flaviviruses. The diversity and phylogenetic relationships among insect-specific flaviviruses circulating in the central and northern regions of Argentina were studied by performing molecular detection and characterization of the NS5 protein gene in mosquitoes collected in Córdoba, Chaco and Tucumán provinces. Overall, 68 out of 1776 pools were positive. CxFV, KRV and CFAV circulate in the 3 studied provinces. Several mosquito species (Aedes aegypti, Culex bidens, Cx. dolosus, Cx. interfor, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. saltanensis, Haemagogus spegazzini) were found infected. A wide circulation of CxFV was observed in the central-northern region of Argentina. CxFV strains detected in our study clustered with strains circulating in Santa Fe and Buenos Aires provinces (Argentina), and other countries such as Indonesia, Mexico, Uganda and Taiwan. The presence of these viruses in mosquitoes could play an important role from the public health perspective, because it has been shown that previous CxFV infection can increase or block the infection of the mosquito by other pathogenic flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián A Farías
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Victoria Laberdolive
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marina Stein
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Departamento de Entomología, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Avenida Las Heras 727, CP 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, Argentina
| | - María Julia Dantur Juri
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundación Miguel Lillo), Miguel Lillo 251, CP 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Andrés Visintin
- Universidad Nacional de la Rioja, Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología (IBiCoPa), Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Avenida Luis Vernet y Apóstol Felipe s/n, F5200, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Walter R Almirón
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT), CONICET- Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta S Contigiani
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Viviana E Re
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, Argentina
| | - Adrián Diaz
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, Argentina
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Chen TY, Bozic J, Mathias D, Smartt CT. Immune-related transcripts, microbiota and vector competence differ in dengue-2 virus-infected geographically distinct Aedes aegypti populations. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:166. [PMID: 37208697 PMCID: PMC10199558 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vector competence in Aedes aegypti is influenced by various factors. Crucial new control methods can be developed by recognizing which factors affect virus and mosquito interactions. METHODS In the present study we used three geographically distinct Ae. aegypti populations and compared their susceptibility to infection by dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). To identify any differences among the three mosquito populations, we evaluated expression levels of immune-related genes and assessed the presence of microbiota that might contribute to the uniqueness in their vector competence. RESULTS Based on the results from the DENV-2 competence study, we categorized the three geographically distinct Ae. aegypti populations into a refractory population (Vilas do Atlântico), a susceptible population (Vero) and a susceptible but low transmission population (California). The immune-related transcripts were highly expressed in the California population but not in the refractory population. However, the Rel-1 gene was upregulated in the Vilas do Atlântico population following ingestion of a non-infectious blood meal, suggesting the gene's involvement in non-viral responses, such as response to microbiota. Screening of the bacteria, fungi and flaviviruses revealed differences between populations, and any of these could be one of the factors that interfere with the vector competence. CONCLUSIONS The results reveal potential factors that might impact the virus and mosquito interaction, as well as influence the Ae. aegypti refractory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yu Chen
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Jovana Bozic
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL USA
- Department of Entomology, The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
| | - Derrick Mathias
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL USA
| | - Chelsea T. Smartt
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL USA
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