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Muñoz Morales D, Suarez Daza F, Franco Betancur O, Martinez Guevara D, Liscano Y. The Impact of Climatological Factors on the Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Colombian Municipalities from 2017 to 2019. Pathogens 2024; 13:462. [PMID: 38921760 PMCID: PMC11206359 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus, transmitted by vectors from the Phlebotominae subfamily. The interaction between the vector, reservoir, and parasite is susceptible to climate change. This study explores how temperature and rainfall influenced the incidence of CL in 15 Colombian municipalities between 2017 and 2019. Epidemiological data were obtained from Colombia's Instituto Nacional de Salud, while climatological data came from the Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales. Using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, we examined the relationships between monthly climatic variables and the cumulative incidence of CL, considering various lag times. The data were further analyzed using Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS). Our findings reveal both significant positive and negative correlations, depending on locality and climate variables. LOWESS analysis indicates that while rainfall-related incidence remains stable, temperature impacts incidence in a parabolic trend. This study underscores the significant yet complex influence of climatic factors on CL incidence. The insights gained could aid public health efforts by improving predictive models and crafting targeted interventions to mitigate the disease's impact, particularly in regions vulnerable to climate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz Morales
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Fernanda Suarez Daza
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Oliva Franco Betancur
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Darly Martinez Guevara
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
| | - Yamil Liscano
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
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Torres JM, de Oliveira CE, Santos FM, Sano NY, Martinez ÉV, Alves FM, Tavares LER, Roque ALR, Jansen AM, Herrera HM. Trypanosomatid diversity in a bat community of an urban area in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 118:105563. [PMID: 38301855 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Bats have a long evolutionary history with trypanosomatids, but the role of these flying mammals on parasite transmission cycles in urban areas, especially for Trypanosoma and Leishmania species, remains poorly known. The objective of this study was to evaluate the species richness of trypanosomatids parasitizing a bat community in Campo Grande (CG), a state capital within the Cerrado of the Brazilian Midwest. We evaluated 237 bats of 13 species by means of hemoculture and molecular detection in spleen samples. The bat community of CG appears to participate in the transmission cycles of various species of trypanosomatids. We report an overall trypanosomatid detection rate of 34.2% (n = 81), involving 11 out of 13 sampled bat species. We identified six species of trypanosomatids from 61 bats by analyzing SSU rRNA and/or kDNA: Trypanosoma cruzi DTU TcI, T. c. marinkellei, T. dionisii, Leishmania infantum, L. amazonensis, and T. janseni, with this latter being detected by hemoculture for the first time in a bat species. We also detected a Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit, Trypanosoma sp. DID, in the phyllostomids Glossophaga soricina and Platyrrhinus lineatus. The highest trypanosomatid richness was observed for Sturnira lilium, which hosted three species: L. infantum, T. dionisii and T. janseni. Given that visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in CG, special focus should be placed on L. infantum. Moreover, L. amazonensis and T. cruzi warrant attention, since these are zoonotic parasites responsible for human cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis and Chagas disease, respectively. In this respect, we discuss how bat communities may influence the Leishmania spp. transmission in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaire Marinho Torres
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Nayara Yoshie Sano
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Érica Verneque Martinez
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Costa e Silva s/n - Pioneiros, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Moreira Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro 4365, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Roland Tavares
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Costa e Silva s/n - Pioneiros, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Rodrigues Roque
- Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro 4365, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Jansen
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanossomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro 4365, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Mitochondrial COI and Cytb gene as valid molecular identification marker of sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in China. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106798. [PMID: 36529191 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The accurate identification of sandfly species is crucial because some species transmit medically significant diseases, including leishmaniasis, bartonellosis and sandfly fever. However, due to the high similarity of the external morphology in sandfly species, identification can only be performed using internal morphological characteristics after dissection, which is time consuming and requires highly experienced staff. Thus, the introduction of suitable molecular markers may solve these identification problems. This study screened suitable DNA barcodes to identify common sandfly species in China. The phlebotomine sandflies were collected from Sichuan, Henan and Hainan Provinces from 2014 to 2016. The species were identified by the morphological characteristics of the pharyngeal armature and spermatheca. The genomic DNA of sandfly was extracted individually, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome B (Cytb) as well as the 18S subunit of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, intraspecific and interspecific differences (p-distance) were calculated to evaluate the feasibility of the three gene fragments as a DNA barcode. The phylogeny trees of all sandfly species in this study were constructed using neighbor joining (NJ) method. Six species were identified by the morphological features, belonging to Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia, as Ph. chinensis s. l., Ph. stantoni, Se. bailyi, Se. iyengari, Se. squamirostris, and Se. squamipleuris. Analysis based on three gene fragments revealed some degree of intraspecific polymorphism among these sandfly species in China. The largest intraspecific variation occurred in Ph. chinensis s. l. (mtDNA COI, p-distance = 0.042; mtDNA Cytb, p-distance = 0.071), but the 18S rDNA fragment showed a small variation (p-distance = 0.005). The ranges of interspecific p-distances for mtDNA COI and mtDNA Cytb were 0.138 - 0.231 and 0.128 - 0.274, respectively. However, the interspecific p-distances of 18S rDNA are relatively low ranging from 0.003 to 0.055. Both mitochondrial COI and Cytb gene fragments are valid molecular identification markers in theses sandfly species. The topological structure of phylogeny trees based on mtDNA COI, mtDNA Cytb and 18S rDNA genes were all consistent with morphological classification. And we also found there were significant intraspecies differences within Ph. chinensis s. l. (0.006-0.071) and Se. bailyi (0.002-0.032) based on mtDNA Cytb gene fragment. Sequence alignment data suggested that Ph. chinensis s. l. from Sichuan should be Ph. sichuanensis, and the sandfly specimen collected from Henan was Ph. chinensis s. s.. There could be cryptic species in Se. bailyi from China.
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Kmetiuk LB, Tirado TC, Biondo LM, Biondo AW, Figueiredo FB. Leishmania spp. in indigenous populations: A mini-review. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1033803. [PMID: 36620288 PMCID: PMC9815601 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1033803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, considered a neglected vector-borne disease complex of global concern, has a significant impact on indigenous communities due to daily human and animal exposure in periurban, rural, and naturally preserved areas. This mini-review aims to assess and discuss studies of leishmaniasis in these communities of the New World and Old World, particularly those in the Americas and Asia. Such indigenous communities have been mostly built in poor traditional households with no mosquito-net protection, mostly located in environmentally protected areas, favoring vectors and reservoirs. The presence of leishmaniasis cases surrounding such indigenous areas indicated a high risk of infection, which may have been historically underestimated due to a lack of surveillance, even at present. The absence of studies of indigenous populations in recognized endemic areas may reflect insufficient health services. In conclusion, the persistence of this neglectful scenario may impact tragic outcomes and potential outbreaks in indigenous peoples and surroundings populations worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil,Louise Bach Kmetiuk ✉
| | - Thais Cristina Tirado
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil,Reference Laboratory for Leishmaniasis, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leandro Meneguelli Biondo
- National Institute of the Atlantic Forest (INMA), Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil,Reference Laboratory for Leishmaniasis, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil,*Correspondence: Fabiano Borges Figueiredo ✉
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Luo Z, Zhou Z, Hao Y, Feng J, Gong Y, Li Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Li S. Establishment of an indicator framework for the transmission risk of the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the Delphi-entropy weight method. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:122. [PMID: 36482475 PMCID: PMC9730582 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases. Although VL was controlled in several regions of China during the last century, the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) has reemerged in the hilly areas of China in recent decades. The purpose of this study was to construct an indicator framework for assessing the risk of the MT-ZVL in China, and to provide guidance for preventing disease. METHODS Based on a literature review and expert interview, a 3-level indicator framework was initially established in November 2021, and 28 experts were selected to perform two rounds of consultation using the Delphi method. The comprehensive weight of the tertiary indicators was determined by the Delphi and the entropy weight methods. RESULTS Two rounds of Delphi consultation were conducted. Four primary indicators, 11 secondary indicators, and 35 tertiary indicators were identified. The Delphi-entropy weight method was performed to calculate the comprehensive weight of the tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of the primary indicators were 0.268, 0.261, 0.242, and 0.229, respectively, for biological factors, interventions, environmental factors, and social factors. The normalized weights of the top four secondary indicators were 0.122, 0.120, 0.098, and 0.096, respectively, for climatic features, geographical features, sandflies, and dogs. Among the tertiary indicators, the top four normalized comprehensive weights were the population density of sandflies (0.076), topography (0.057), the population density of dogs, including tethering (0.056), and use of bed nets or other protective measures (0.056). CONCLUSIONS An indicator framework of transmission risk assessment for MT-ZVL was established using the Delphi-entropy weight method. The framework provides a practical tool to evaluate transmission risk in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Luo
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Zhengbin Zhou
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yuwan Hao
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jiaxin Feng
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yanfeng Gong
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yun Huang
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Shizhu Li
- grid.508378.1National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
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de Macedo GC, Barreto WTG, de Oliveira CE, Santos FM, Porfírio GEDO, Xavier SCDC, Alves FM, da Silva AR, de Andrade GB, Rucco AC, de Assis WO, Jansen AM, Roque ALR, Herrera HM. Leishmania infantum infecting the carnivore Nasua nasua from urban forest fragments in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazilian Midwest. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1050339. [PMID: 36710973 PMCID: PMC9880478 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1050339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Leishmania infantum in South American coatis inhabiting two forest fragments in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwest region of Brazil, an endemic area of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Material and methods A total of 110 South American coatis were sampled in the conservation unit "Parque Estadual do Prosa" (PEP) and in the residential area "Vila da Base Aérea" (VBA) from March 2018 to April 2019. As a longitudinal study that include up to six recaptures of the same individual, a total of 190 capture events were obtained. Blood, bone marrow and skin samples were obtained for parasitological (axenic culture), serological (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay - ELISA and Dual-path Platform immunoassay - DPP® CVL) and molecular diagnostic assays (targeting kDNA for Leishmania spp. and L. infantum; and HSP70 followed by sequence analysis). Results Seropositivity for L. infantum was found in 33 individuals, six in PEP and 27 in VBA. Furthermore, L. infantum was detected by molecular analysis in 16 individuals, seven from PEP and nine from VBA. We also isolated L. infantum from bone marrow of one individual and detected a single positive skin sample in molecular assay from other individual, both from VBA. Discussion An overall infection rate of 36.4% (40/110) was observed, significantly higher in the VBA (49.1%) than in the PEP (21.6%), probably because VBA presents: (i) a large number of resident dogs and chickens that would be attracting sandflies; (ii) a denser population of this wild mammal species; and (iii) physical barriers and a lack of functional connectivity in the surroundings, preventing these animals to disperse out. We conclude that South American coati populations living in urban forest fragments of Campo Grande are affected by the epidemiological scenario of VL, known to involve dogs, vectors and humans. We highlight the importance of investigate the parasitism by L. infantum in this and other potential L. infantum reservoirs that inhabit urbanized regions endemic to VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Teixeira Gomes Barreto
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Carina Elisei de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernanda Moreira Alves
- Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Braziliano de Andrade
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Andreza Castro Rucco
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - William Oliveira de Assis
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Jansen
- Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Rodrigues Roque
- Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Brazil
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