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Wang C, Wang L, Zhang L, Lu L, Liu T, Li S, Luo X, Liao X. Determination of optimal dietary selenium levels by full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 8:18-25. [PMID: 34977372 PMCID: PMC8669245 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The current NRC dietary selenium (Se) requirement (0.15 mg/kg) of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age is primarily based on a previous study reported in 1986, which might not be applicable to modern classes of rapidly growing broilers. The present experiment was conducted to determine the optimal dietary Se level for meeting metabolic and functional Se requirements of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age. A total of 336 Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d old were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 treatments with 7 replicates and fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet (control, containing 0.014 mg Se/kg) and the basal diet supplemented with 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, or 0.50 mg Se/kg from Na2SeO3 for 21 d. The results showed that the Se concentrations in plasma, liver, kidney, pancreas, breast and thigh muscles, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in plasma, liver and kidney, the mRNA expression levels of Gpx4, selenoprotein (Seleno) h and Selenou in liver, Selenop and Selenoh in kidney, and the protein expression levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were affected (P < 0.05) by supplemental Se level, and increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with the increase of supplemental Se level. The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.10 to 0.49 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line or asymptotic models (P < 0.0001) of the above Se concentration indices, and 0.08 to 0.37 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line, quadratic or asymptotic models (P < 0.007) of the above selenoprotein expression indices. These results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.49 mg/kg to support the maximum Se concentrations and 0.37 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in plasma and various tissues of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlong Wang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lisai Wang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Biochemistry Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, 44106, USA
| | - Sufen Li
- Department of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xiudong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Liao X, Liu G, Sun G, Sun X, Liu T, Lu L, Zhang L, Zhang M, Guo Y, Luo X. Determination of optimal dietary selenium levels by full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues of broilers from 1 to 21 d of age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:1133-1144. [PMID: 34754955 PMCID: PMC8556337 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current NRC dietary selenium (Se) requirement (0.15 mg/kg) of broilers is primarily based on growth performance data reported in 1986. Our study aimed to determine optimal dietary Se levels of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet for the full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues. A total of 384 one-d-old male broilers (n = 8 replicates/diet) were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 mg Se/kg in the form of Na2SeO3 for 21 d. Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the optimal dietary Se levels using broken-line, quadratic or asymptotic models. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the plasma, liver, kidney and pancreas, iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO) in the plasma, liver and pancreas, and thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd) in the liver and pancreas, the mRNA levels of Gpx1, Gpx4, Dio1, selenoprotein (Seleno) h, Selenop and Selenou in the liver, Gpx4, Dio1, Txnrd1, Txnrd2, Selenoh, Selenop and Selenou in the kidney, and Gpx1, Gpx4, Selenoh and Selenou in the pancreas, and the protein levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were influenced (P < 0.05) by added Se levels, and increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with the increase of added Se levels. The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.07 to 0.36 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line, quadratic or asymptotic models (P < 0.001) of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the plasma, liver and kidney, and 0.09 to 0.46 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line models (P < 0.001) of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the pancreas. The results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.36 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the plasma, liver and kidney, and 0.46 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the pancreas of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 d of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Sun
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Biochemistry Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Lin Lu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Bao J, Tang C, Zhang Z. Selenium deficiency induced necroptosis, Th1/Th2 imbalance, and inflammatory responses in swine ileum. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:222-234. [PMID: 32488864 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency has a significant impact on the swine breeding industry by inducing digestive system damage and diarrhea. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our objectives were to investigate if different amounts of necroptosis, inflammatory responses, and T helper cell 1/T helper cell 2 (Th1/Th2) imbalances were induced by Se deficiency in intestinal porcine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and swine ileum tissue. Therefore, Se-deficient models were successfully established both in vitro and in vivo. In the current study, the cell morphological observation results showed that Se deficiency seriously affected the growth and differentiation of IPEC-J2 cells. Moreover, the necroptosis staining and histomorphology observation results showed that the number of necroptotic cells increased significantly, and the ileal tissue exhibited abnormal structures, including necroptotic features and inflammatory cell infiltration, in the Se-deficient group. Furthermore, Se deficiency resulted in accelerated cell necroptosis by increasing (p < .05) the expression of genes related to the tumor necrosis factor-α pathway at both the protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels compared to the control group. Moreover, the relative mRNA and protein expression of the inflammatory genes and their responses to dietary Se deficiency were consistent with the resultant Th1/Th2 imbalances in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the results suggested that Se deficiency caused necroptosis, inflammatory responses, and abnormal expression of cytokines in swine ileum tissue. These findings might help us to explain the damage induced by Se deficiency to the digestive system of swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiuli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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