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Boukenna M, Rougier JS, Aghagolzadeh P, Pradervand S, Guichard S, Hämmerli AF, Pedrazzini T, Abriel H. Multiomics uncover the proinflammatory role of Trpm4 deletion after myocardial infarction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H504-H518. [PMID: 36800508 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00671.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Upon myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia-induced cell death triggers an inflammatory response responsible for removing necrotic material and inducing tissue repair. TRPM4 is a Ca2+-activated ion channel permeable to monovalent cations. Although its role in cardiomyocyte-driven hypertrophy and arrhythmia post-MI has been established, no study has yet investigated its role in the inflammatory process orchestrated by endothelial cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts. This study aims to assess the role of TRPM4 in 1) survival and cardiac function, 2) inflammation, and 3) healing post-MI. We performed ligation of the left coronary artery or sham intervention on 154 Trpm4 WT or KO mice under isoflurane anesthesia. Survival and echocardiographic functions were monitored up to 5 wk. We collected serum during the acute post-MI phase to analyze proteomes and performed single-cell RNA sequencing on nonmyocytic cells of hearts after 24 and 72 h. Lastly, we assessed chronic fibrosis and angiogenesis. We observed no significant differences in survival or cardiac function, even though our proteomics data showed significantly decreased tissue injury markers (i.e., creatine kinase M and VE-cadherin) in KO serum after 12 h. On the other hand, inflammation, characterized by serum amyloid P component in the serum, higher number of recruited granulocytes, inflammatory monocytes, and macrophages, as well as expression of proinflammatory genes, was significantly higher in KO. This correlated with increased chronic cardiac fibrosis and angiogenesis. Since inflammation and fibrosis are closely linked to adverse remodeling, future therapeutic attempts at inhibiting TRPM4 will need to assess these parameters carefully before proceeding with translational studies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Deletion of Trpm4 increases markers of cardiac and systemic inflammation within the first 24 h after MI, while inducing an earlier fibrotic transition at 72 h and more overall chronic fibrosis and angiogenesis at 5 wk. The descriptive, robust, and methodologically broad approach of this study sheds light on an important caveat that will need to be taken into account in all future therapeutic attempts to inhibit TRPM4 post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mey Boukenna
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Sébastien Rougier
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Parisa Aghagolzadeh
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Pradervand
- Centre d'Oncologie de Précision, Département d'Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Guichard
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Flore Hämmerli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Abriel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Multi-proteomic Analysis Revealed Distinct Protein Profiles in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients Between Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis NORSE and Cryptogenic NORSE. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:98-115. [PMID: 36224320 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is rare but intractable. Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and cryptogenic etiologies are the two major causes of NORSE with distinct clinical features. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, 6 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis NORSE and 5 with cryptogenic NORSE (C-NORSE) were enrolled. Five patients of cerebrovascular disorders were used as controls. Quantitative proteomic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of the patients revealed 101 and 56 proteins were changed, respectively. The average fold-change of the upregulated proteins, namely up-proteomic score in this study, was positively correlated with the severity and prognosis of the diseases, including ICU stay (r = 0.9308, P = 0.0035 in NMDAR group; r = 0.8977, P = 0.0193 in C-NORSE group), mRS score at discharge (r = 0.9710, P = 0.0111 in NMDAR group; r = 0.7071, P = 0.2000 in C-NORSE group), and time taken for patients awaking from a coma (r = 0.8823, P = 0.0100 in NMDAR group; r = 0.7906, P = 0.2000 in C-NORSE group). Pathways involved in humoral immune response, wound healing, and epigenetic regulation of transcription were upregulated in anti-NMDAR encephalitis NORSE. Pathways of innate and lymphocyte mediated immune response, synaptic functions, ubiquitination, and cell apoptosis were up-regulated in C-NORSE, which was consistent with a mouse model of status epilepticus. Fc receptor and B cell mediated immunity signaling pathways were downregulated in C-NORSE. Immunome microarray analysis demonstrated high autoantibody targeting 48 proteins in CSF samples of anti-NMDAR encephalitis NORSE. While the reaction was kept at a very low level in C-NORSE. There is no significant difference in inflammatory cytokine level between each group. The level of IL-4 (r = 0.7435, P = 0.0451), IL-13 (r = 0.7643, P = 0.0384), IFN-γ (r = 0.7973, P = 0.0287) and TNF-α (r = 0.8598, P = 0.0141) in NMDAR group, and IL-6 (r = 0.8479, P = 0.0348), IL-8 (r = 0.9076, P = 0.0166) in C-NORSE group were positively correlated with the up-proteomic score. The present study suggests that the up-proteomic score of CSF could be a promising indicator for assessment of the severity of anti-NMDAR encephalitis NORSE and C-NORSE. The distinct CSF proteomes imply different pathogenic mechanisms of the two diseases, and immunotherapy strategies as well.
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Chen J, Chang Y, Zhu J, Peng Y, Li Z, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Lin C, Lin Z, Pan S, Huang K. Flufenamic acid improves survival and neurologic outcome after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:214. [PMID: 36050694 PMCID: PMC9438280 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain injury is the main cause of high mortality and disability after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from sudden cardiac arrest (CA). The transient receptor potential M4 (TRPM4) channel is a novel target for ameliorating blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuroinflammation. Herein, we tested whether flufenamic acid (FFA), which is reported to block TRPM4 with high potency, could confer neuroprotection against brain injury secondary to CA/CPR and whether its action was exerted by blocking the TRPM4 channel. Methods Wild-type (WT) and Trpm4 knockout (Trpm4−/−) mice subjected to 10-min CA/CPR were randomized to receive FFA or vehicle once daily. Post-CA/CPR brain injuries including neurologic deficits, survival rate, histological damage, edema formation, BBB destabilization and neuroinflammation were assessed. Results In WT mice subjected to CA/CPR, FFA was effective in improving survival and neurologic outcome, reducing neuropathological injuries, attenuating brain edema, lessening the leakage of IgG and Evans blue dye, restoring tight junction protein expression and promoting microglia/macrophages from the pro-inflammatory subtype toward the anti-inflammatory subtype. In comparison to WT mice, Trpm4−/− mice exhibited less neurologic deficiency, milder histological impairment, more BBB integrity and more anti-inflammatory microglia/macrophage polarization. As expected, FFA did not provide a benefit of superposition compared with vehicle in the Trpm4−/− mice after CA/CPR. Conclusions FFA mitigates BBB breach and modifies the functional status of microglia/macrophages, thereby improving survival and neurologic deficits following CA/CPR. The neuroprotective effects occur at least partially by interfering with the TRPM4 channel in the neurovascular unit. These results indicate the significant clinical potential of FFA to improve the prognosis for CA victims who are successfully resuscitated. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02571-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Juan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Yuqin Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Zheqi Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Kunxue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Chuman Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Zhenzhou Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China.
| | - Kaibin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 1838#510515, China.
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Alquisiras-Burgos I, Franco-Pérez J, Rubio-Osornio M, Aguilera P. The short form of the SUR1 and its functional implications in the damaged brain. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:488-496. [PMID: 34380876 PMCID: PMC8504400 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.320967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) belongs to the adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family; however, SUR is associated with ion channels and acts as a regulatory subunit determining the opening or closing of the pore. Abcc8 and Abcc9 genes code for the proteins SUR1 and SUR2, respectively. The SUR1 transcript encodes a protein of 1582 amino acids with a mass around 140–177 kDa expressed in the pancreas, brain, heart, and other tissues. It is well known that SUR1 assembles with Kir6.2 and TRPM4 to establish KATP channels and non-selective cation channels, respectively. Abbc8 and 9 are alternatively spliced, and the resulting transcripts encode different isoforms of SUR1 and SUR2, which have been detected by different experimental strategies. Interestingly, the use of binding assays to sulfonylureas and Western blotting has allowed the detection of shorter forms of SUR (~65 kDa). Identity of the SUR1 variants has not been clarified, and some authors have suggested that the shorter forms are unspecific. However, immunoprecipitation assays have shown that SUR2 short forms are part of a functional channel even coexisting with the typical forms of the receptor in the heart. This evidence confirms that the structure of the short forms of the SURs is fully functional and does not lose the ability to interact with the channels. Since structural changes in short forms of SUR modify its affinity to ATP, regulation of its expression might represent an advantage in pathologies where ATP concentrations decrease and a therapeutic target to induce neuroprotection. Remarkably, the expression of SUR1 variants might be induced by conditions associated to the decrease of energetic substrates in the brain (e.g. during stroke and epilepsy). In this review, we want to contribute to the knowledge of SUR1 complexity by analyzing evidence that shows the existence of short SUR1 variants and its possible implications in brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Alquisiras-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", CDMX, Mexico
| | - Javier Franco-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Formación Reticular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", CDMX, Mexico
| | - Moisés Rubio-Osornio
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", CDMX, Mexico
| | - Penélope Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", CDMX, Mexico
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Pharmacological Modulation and (Patho)Physiological Roles of TRPM4 Channel-Part 2: TRPM4 in Health and Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010040. [PMID: 35056097 PMCID: PMC8779181 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a unique member of the TRPM protein family and, similarly to TRPM5, is Ca2+ sensitive and permeable for monovalent but not divalent cations. It is widely expressed in many organs and is involved in several functions; it regulates membrane potential and Ca2+ homeostasis in both excitable and non-excitable cells. This part of the review discusses the currently available knowledge about the physiological and pathophysiological roles of TRPM4 in various tissues. These include the physiological functions of TRPM4 in the cells of the Langerhans islets of the pancreas, in various immune functions, in the regulation of vascular tone, in respiratory and other neuronal activities, in chemosensation, and in renal and cardiac physiology. TRPM4 contributes to pathological conditions such as overactive bladder, endothelial dysfunction, various types of malignant diseases and central nervous system conditions including stroke and injuries as well as in cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, hypertrophy, and ischemia-reperfusion injuries. TRPM4 claims more and more attention and is likely to be the topic of research in the future.
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Liu K, Zhu J, Chang Y, Lin Z, Shi Z, Li X, Chen X, Lin C, Pan S, Huang K. Attenuation of cerebral edema facilitates recovery of glymphatic system function after status epilepticus. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e151835. [PMID: 34494549 PMCID: PMC8492308 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency usually accompanied by acute cerebral edema and long-term cognitive impairment, and is characterized by neurodegeneration and aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) aggregation. The glia-lymphatic (glymphatic) system plays a central role in facilitating the clearance of metabolic waste from the brain, but its relationship with cerebral edema and cognitive dysfunction after SE is unclear. We hypothesized that cerebral edema after SE might impair glymphatic system function through compression, thus leading to impaired removal of metabolic waste, and ultimately affecting long-term cognitive function. Our results showed that glymphatic system function was temporarily impaired, as evidenced by 2-photon imaging, MRI enhancement, imaging of brain sections, and astrocytic water channel aquaporin 4 (AQP4) protein polarization. The severity of cerebral edema on MRI correlated well with glymphatic system dysfunction within 8 days following SE. Moreover, when cerebral edema was alleviated by glibenclamide treatment or genetic deletion of Trpm4, post-SE glymphatic system function recovered earlier, along with fewer p-tau–deposited neurons and neuronal degeneration and better cognitive function. These findings suggest that SE-induced cerebral edema may cause glymphatic system dysfunction and render the post-SE brain vulnerable to p-tau aggregation and neurocognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Shi
- Department of Neurology, Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuman Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaibin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lévesque M, Biagini G, de Curtis M, Gnatkovsky V, Pitsch J, Wang S, Avoli M. The pilocarpine model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Over one decade later, with more rodent species and new investigative approaches. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:274-291. [PMID: 34437936 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental work on the mechanisms leading to focal epileptic discharges in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) often rests on the use of rodent models in which an initial status epilepticus (SE) is induced by kainic acid or pilocarpine. In 2008 we reviewed how, following systemic injection of pilocarpine, the main subsequent events are the initial SE, the latent period, and the chronic epileptic state. Up to a decade ago, rats were most often employed and they were frequently analysed only behaviorally. However, the use of transgenic mice has revealed novel information regarding this animal model. Here, we review recent findings showing the existence of specific neuronal events during both latent and chronic states, and how optogenetic activation of specific cell populations modulate spontaneous seizures. We also address neuronal damage induced by pilocarpine treatment, the role of neuroinflammation, and the influence of circadian and estrous cycles. Updating these findings leads us to propose that the rodent pilocarpine model continues to represent a valuable tool for identifying the basic pathophysiology of MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lévesque
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Biagini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Marco de Curtis
- Epilepsy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vadym Gnatkovsky
- Epilepsy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy; Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julika Pitsch
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Siyan Wang
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Massimo Avoli
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Departments of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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