1
|
Singh R, Rathore AS, Dilnashin H, Keshri PK, Gupta NK, Prakash SAS, Zahra W, Singh S, Singh SP. HAT and HDAC: Enzyme with Contradictory Action in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04115-6. [PMID: 38587698 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In view of the increasing risk of neurodegenerative diseases, epigenetics plays a fundamental role in the field of neuroscience. Several modifications have been studied including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone phosphorylation, etc. Histone acetylation and deacetylation regulate gene expression, and the regular activity of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) provides regulatory stages for gene expression and cell cycle. Imbalanced homeostasis in these enzymes causes a detrimental effect on neurophysiological function. Intriguingly, epigenetic remodelling via histone acetylation in certain brain areas has been found to play a key role in the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. It has been demonstrated that a number of HATs have a role in crucial brain processes such regulating neuronal plasticity and memory formation. The most recent therapeutic methods involve the use of small molecules known as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that antagonize HDAC activity thereby increase acetylation levels in order to prevent the loss of HAT function in neurodegenerative disorders. The target specificity of the HDAC inhibitors now in use raises concerns about their applicability, despite the fact that this strategy has demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes. The aim of this review is to summarize the cross-linking between histone modification and its regulation in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Furthermore, these findings also support the notion of new pharmacotherapies that target particular areas of the brain using histone deacetylase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Aaina Singh Rathore
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Hagera Dilnashin
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Priyanka Kumari Keshri
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Nitesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Singh Ankit Satya Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Walia Zahra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Shekhar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 (U.P.), India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ravanelli F, Musazzi L, Barbieri SS, Rovati G, Popoli M, Barbon A, Ieraci A. Differential Epigenetic Changes in the Dorsal Hippocampus of Male and Female SAMP8 Mice: A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13084. [PMID: 37685895 PMCID: PMC10488283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. The causes of the disease are not well understood, as it involves a complex interaction between genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. SAMP8 mice have been proposed as a model for studying late-onset AD, since they show age-related learning and memory deficits as well as several features of AD pathogenesis. Epigenetic changes have been described in SAMP8 mice, although sex differences have never been evaluated. Here we used western blot and qPCR analyses to investigate whether epigenetic markers are differentially altered in the dorsal hippocampus, a region important for the regulation of learning and memory, of 9-month-old male and female SAMP8 mice. We found that H3Ac was selectively reduced in male SAMP8 mice compared to male SAMR1 control mice, but not in female mice, whereas H3K27me3 was reduced overall in SAMP8 mice. Moreover, the levels of HDAC2 and JmjD3 were increased, whereas the levels of HDAC4 and Dnmt3a were reduced in SAMP8 mice compared to SAMR1. In addition, levels of HDAC1 were reduced, whereas Utx and Jmjd3 were selectively increased in females compared to males. Although our results are preliminary, they suggest that epigenetic mechanisms in the dorsal hippocampus are differentially regulated in male and female SAMP8 mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ravanelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.R.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Musazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Silvia Stella Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianenrico Rovati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.R.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.R.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan F, Hu D, Sun LJ, Bai Q, Wang YS, Hou X. Valproate reduces retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in rats after optic nerve crush. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1607-1612. [PMID: 36571369 PMCID: PMC10075129 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal ganglion cells of the optic nerve have a limited capacity for self-repair after injury. Valproate is a histone deacetylase inhibitor and multitarget drug, which has been demonstrated to protect retinal neurons. In this study, we established rat models of optic nerve-crush injury and injected valproate into the vitreous cavity immediately after modeling. We evaluated changes in the ultrastructure morphology of the endoplasmic reticulum of retinal ganglion cells over time via transmission electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay revealed that valproate upregulated the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker glucose-regulated protein 78 and downregulated the expression of transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein, phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α, and caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum of retinal ganglion cells. These findings suggest that valproate reduces apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in the rat after optic nerve-crush injury by attenuating phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α-C/EBP homologous protein signaling and caspase-12 activation during endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings represent a newly discovered mechanism that regulates how valproate protects neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Juan Sun
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qian Bai
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xu Hou
- Eye Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zobdeh F, Eremenko II, Akan MA, Tarasov VV, Chubarev VN, Schiöth HB, Mwinyi J. The Epigenetics of Migraine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119127. [PMID: 37298078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a complex neurological disorder and a major cause of disability. A wide range of different drug classes such as triptans, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, analgesics, and beta-blockers are used in acute and preventive migraine therapy. Despite a considerable progress in the development of novel and targeted therapeutic interventions during recent years, e.g., drugs that inhibit the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway, therapy success rates are still unsatisfactory. The diversity of drug classes used in migraine therapy partly reflects the limited perception of migraine pathophysiology. Genetics seems to explain only to a minor extent the susceptibility and pathophysiological aspects of migraine. While the role of genetics in migraine has been extensively studied in the past, the interest in studying the role of gene regulatory mechanisms in migraine pathophysiology is recently evolving. A better understanding of the causes and consequences of migraine-associated epigenetic changes could help to better understand migraine risk, pathogenesis, development, course, diagnosis, and prognosis. Additionally, it could be a promising avenue to discover new therapeutic targets for migraine treatment and monitoring. In this review, we summarize the state of the art regarding epigenetic findings in relation to migraine pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets, with a focus on DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and microRNA-dependent regulation. Several genes and their methylation patterns such as CALCA (migraine symptoms and age of migraine onset), RAMP1, NPTX2, and SH2D5 (migraine chronification) and microRNA molecules such as miR-34a-5p and miR-382-5p (treatment response) seem especially worthy of further study regarding their role in migraine pathogenesis, course, and therapy. Additionally, changes in genes including COMT, GIT2, ZNF234, and SOCS1 have been linked to migraine progression to medication overuse headache (MOH), and several microRNA molecules such as let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7f-5p, miR-155, miR-126, let-7g, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-375, miR-181a, let-7b, miR-22, and miR-155-5p have been implicated with migraine pathophysiology. Epigenetic changes could be a potential tool for a better understanding of migraine pathophysiology and the identification of new therapeutic possibilities. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify these early findings and to be able to establish epigenetic targets as disease predictors or therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Zobdeh
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, P.O. Box 593, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivan I Eremenko
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, P.O. Box 593, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
- Advanced Molecular Technology, LLC, 354340 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikail A Akan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, P.O. Box 593, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
- Advanced Molecular Technology, LLC, 354340 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, P.O. Box 593, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, P.O. Box 593, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Histone deacetylase 4 inhibition ameliorates the social deficits induced by Ephrin-B2 mutation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 120:110622. [PMID: 36029930 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deterioration of inhibitory synapse may be an essential neurological basis underlying abnormal social behaviours. Manipulations that regulate GABAergic transmission are associated with improved behavioural phenotypes in sociability. The synaptic protein, Ephrin-B2 (EB2), plays an important role in the maintenance and reconfiguration of inhibitory synapses in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, the inhibitory cell-type specific role of EB2 in the pathophysiology and treatment of social deficits remains unknown. As expected, we revealed that tdTomato-expressing cells were only found in GABAergic neurons instead of excitatory neurons in transgenic EB2-vGATCre mice. This result indicated that depletion of EB2 would occur in those neurons, which further contribute to social deficits. In addition, specific over-expression of mPFC EB2 restored the defective social behaviour abnormalities. These results suggest that the effect of EB2 on social deficits is anatomically and cell-type specific. More importantly, the global upregulation of HDAC4 expression was found in EB2-vGATCre mice. Significant subcellular nuclear shuttling of HDAC4 in vGAT+ neurons was examined and quantified, suggesting a role of nuclear HDAC4 in mediating the mechanism underlying EB2 impairment in vGAT+ neurons. Treatment with LMK235 led to a remarkable rescue of social deficits, thus our data revealed a new domain for the potential utility of HDAC targeting agents to treat social deficits. In conclusion, these results not only revealed a novel molecular mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of social deficits, but also suggested a potential intervention avenue for the treatment of social deficits.
Collapse
|
6
|
Morse JS, Sheng YJ, Hampton JT, Sylvain LD, Das S, Alugubelli YR, Chen PC, Yang KS, Xu S, Fierke CA, Liu WR. Phage-assisted, active site-directed ligand evolution of a potent and selective histone deacetylase 8 inhibitor. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4512. [PMID: 36382882 PMCID: PMC9703592 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phage-assisted, active site-directed ligand evolution (PADLE) is a recently developed technique that uses an amber codon-encoded noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) as an anchor to direct phage-displayed peptides to a target for an enhanced ligand identification process. 2-Amino-8-oxodecanoic acid (Aoda) is a ketone-containing ncAA residue in the macrocyclic peptide natural product apicidin that is a pan-inhibitor of Zn2+ -dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs). Its ketone serves as an anchoring point to coordinate the catalytic zinc ion in HDACs. Using a previously evolved N𝜀 -acetyl-lysyl-tRNA synthetase in combination with tRNAPyl , we showed that Aoda was efficiently incorporated into proteins in Escherichia coli by amber suppression. By propagating an amber codon-obligate phagemid library in E. coli encoding Aoda, we generated an Aoda-containing phage-displayed peptide library. Using this library to conduct PADLE against HDAC8 revealed a 7-mer peptide GH8P01F1 with Aoda-flanking amino acid residues that matched existing peptide sequences in identified HDAC8 substrates. Switching Aoda in GH8P01F1 to a more Zn2+ -chelating ncAA S-2-amino-8-hydroxyamino-8-oxooctanoic acid (Asuha) led to an extremely potent compound GH8HA01, which has an HDAC8-inhibition Ki value of 0.67 nM. GH8HA01 and its 5-mer truncation analogue Ac-GH8HA01Δ1Δ7 that has an HDAC8-inhibition Ki value of 0.31 nM are two of the most potent HDAC8 inhibitors that have been developed. Furthermore, both are highly selective against HDAC8 compared with other HDACs tested, demonstrating the great potential of using PADLE to identify highly potent and selective ligands for targets with conserved active sites among homologues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared S. Morse
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Yan J. Sheng
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Joshua Trae Hampton
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Lauralee D. Sylvain
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Sukant Das
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Yugendar R. Alugubelli
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Peng‐Hsun Chase Chen
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Kai S. Yang
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Shiqing Xu
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| | - Carol A. Fierke
- Department of BiochemistryBrandeis UniversityWalthamMassachusettsUSA
| | - Wenshe Ray Liu
- Texas A&M Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology and Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTexas A&M UniversityHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of MedicineTexas A&M UniversityTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Macabuag N, Esmieu W, Breccia P, Jarvis R, Blackaby W, Lazari O, Urbonas L, Eznarriaga M, Williams R, Strijbosch A, Van de Bospoort R, Matthews K, Clissold C, Ladduwahetty T, Vater H, Heaphy P, Stafford DG, Wang HJ, Mangette JE, McAllister G, Beaumont V, Vogt TF, Wilkinson HA, Doherty EM, Dominguez C. Developing HDAC4-Selective Protein Degraders To Investigate the Role of HDAC4 in Huntington's Disease Pathology. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12445-12459. [PMID: 36098485 PMCID: PMC9512014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a lethal autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder resulting from a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. The product of translation of this gene is a highly aggregation-prone protein containing a polyglutamine tract >35 repeats (mHTT) that has been shown to colocalize with histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in cytoplasmic inclusions in HD mouse models. Genetic reduction of HDAC4 in an HD mouse model resulted in delayed aggregation of mHTT, along with amelioration of neurological phenotypes and extended lifespan. To further investigate the role of HDAC4 in cellular models of HD, we have developed bifunctional degraders of the protein and report the first potent and selective degraders of HDAC4 that show an effect in multiple cell lines, including HD mouse model-derived cortical neurons. These degraders act via the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway and selectively degrade HDAC4 over other class IIa HDAC isoforms (HDAC5, HDAC7, and HDAC9).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Macabuag
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - William Esmieu
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Perla Breccia
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Rebecca Jarvis
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Wesley Blackaby
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Ovadia Lazari
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Liudvikas Urbonas
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Maria Eznarriaga
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Rachel Williams
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | | | | | - Kim Matthews
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Cole Clissold
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Tammy Ladduwahetty
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Huw Vater
- Discovery
from Charles River, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, U.K.
| | - Patrick Heaphy
- Curia, The Conventus Building, 1001 Main
Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Douglas G. Stafford
- Curia, The Conventus Building, 1001 Main
Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Hong-Jun Wang
- Curia, The Conventus Building, 1001 Main
Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - John E. Mangette
- Curia, The Conventus Building, 1001 Main
Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - George McAllister
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Vahri Beaumont
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Thomas F. Vogt
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Hilary A. Wilkinson
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Doherty
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Celia Dominguez
- CHDI
Management/CHDI Foundation, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ji Y, Chen Z, Cen Z, Ye Y, Li S, Lu X, Shao Q, Wang D, Ji J, Ji Q. A comprehensive mouse brain acetylome-the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated brain proteins. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:980815. [PMID: 36111245 PMCID: PMC9468461 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.980815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation is a reversible posttranslational modification (PTM) involved in multiple physiological functions. Genetic and animal studies have documented the critical roles of protein acetylation in brain development, functions, and various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism are still partially understood. Here, we profiled and characterized the mouse brain acetylome and investigated the cellular distribution of acetylated brain proteins. We identified 1,818 acetylated proteins, including 5,196 acetylation modification sites, using a modified workflow comprising filter-aided sample preparation (FSAP), acetylated peptides enrichment, and MS analysis without pre- or post-fraction. Bioinformatics analysis indicated these acetylated mouse brain proteins were mainly located in the myelin sheath, mitochondrial inner membrane, and synapse, as well as their involvement in multiple neurological disorders. Manual annotation revealed that a set of brain-specific proteins were acetylation-modified. The acetylation of three brain-specific proteins was verified, including neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL), 2’,3’-cyclic-nucleotide 3’-phosphodiesterase (CNP), and neuromodulin (GAP43). Further immunofluorescence staining illustrated that acetylated proteins were mainly distributed in the nuclei of cortex neurons and axons of hippocampal neurons, sparsely distributed in the nuclei of microglia and astrocytes, and the lack of distribution in both cytoplasm and nuclei of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Together, this study provided a comprehensive mouse brain acetylome and illustrated the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated proteins in the mouse brain. These data will contribute to understanding and deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms of protein acetylation in brain development and neurological disorders. Besides, we proposed some problems that need to be solved in future brain acetylome research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Ji
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixin Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Cen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Lu
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Shao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Donghao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juling Ji
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Juling Ji,
| | - Qiuhong Ji
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Qiuhong Ji,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a powerful tool to hijack the endogenous ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and to degrade the intracellular proteins of therapeutic importance. Recently, two heterobifunctional degraders targeting hormone receptors headed into Phase II clinical trials. Compared to traditional drug design and common modes of action, the PROTAC approach offers new opportunities for the drug research field. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are well-established drugs for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The integration of HDAC binding motifs in PROTACs explores the possibility of targeted, chemical HDAC degradation. This review provides an overview and a perspective about the key steps in the structure development of HDAC-PROTACs. In particular, the influence of the three canonical PROTAC elements on HDAC-PROTAC efficacy and selectivity are discussed, the HDACi, the linker and the E3 ligase ligand.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lammers M. Post-translational Lysine Ac(et)ylation in Bacteria: A Biochemical, Structural, and Synthetic Biological Perspective. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:757179. [PMID: 34721364 PMCID: PMC8556138 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ac(et)ylation is a post-translational modification present in all domains of life. First identified in mammals in histones to regulate RNA synthesis, today it is known that is regulates fundamental cellular processes also in bacteria: transcription, translation, metabolism, cell motility. Ac(et)ylation can occur at the ε-amino group of lysine side chains or at the α-amino group of a protein. Furthermore small molecules such as polyamines and antibiotics can be acetylated and deacetylated enzymatically at amino groups. While much research focused on N-(ε)-ac(et)ylation of lysine side chains, much less is known about the occurrence, the regulation and the physiological roles on N-(α)-ac(et)ylation of protein amino termini in bacteria. Lysine ac(et)ylation was shown to affect protein function by various mechanisms ranging from quenching of the positive charge, increasing the lysine side chains’ size affecting the protein surface complementarity, increasing the hydrophobicity and by interfering with other post-translational modifications. While N-(ε)-lysine ac(et)ylation was shown to be reversible, dynamically regulated by lysine acetyltransferases and lysine deacetylases, for N-(α)-ac(et)ylation only N-terminal acetyltransferases were identified and so far no deacetylases were discovered neither in bacteria nor in mammals. To this end, N-terminal ac(et)ylation is regarded as being irreversible. Besides enzymatic ac(et)ylation, recent data showed that ac(et)ylation of lysine side chains and of the proteins N-termini can also occur non-enzymatically by the high-energy molecules acetyl-coenzyme A and acetyl-phosphate. Acetyl-phosphate is supposed to be the key molecule that drives non-enzymatic ac(et)ylation in bacteria. Non-enzymatic ac(et)ylation can occur site-specifically with both, the protein primary sequence and the three dimensional structure affecting its efficiency. Ac(et)ylation is tightly controlled by the cellular metabolic state as acetyltransferases use ac(et)yl-CoA as donor molecule for the ac(et)ylation and sirtuin deacetylases use NAD+ as co-substrate for the deac(et)ylation. Moreover, the accumulation of ac(et)yl-CoA and acetyl-phosphate is dependent on the cellular metabolic state. This constitutes a feedback control mechanism as activities of many metabolic enzymes were shown to be regulated by lysine ac(et)ylation. Our knowledge on lysine ac(et)ylation significantly increased in the last decade predominantly due to the huge methodological advances that were made in fields such as mass-spectrometry, structural biology and synthetic biology. This also includes the identification of additional acylations occurring on lysine side chains with supposedly different regulatory potential. This review highlights recent advances in the research field. Our knowledge on enzymatic regulation of lysine ac(et)ylation will be summarized with a special focus on structural and mechanistic characterization of the enzymes, the mechanisms underlying non-enzymatic/chemical ac(et)ylation are explained, recent technological progress in the field are presented and selected examples highlighting the important physiological roles of lysine ac(et)ylation are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lammers
- Synthetic and Structural Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kumar R, Jain V, Kushwah N, Dheer A, Mishra KP, Prasad D, Singh SB. HDAC inhibition prevents hypobaric hypoxia-induced spatial memory impairment through PΙ3K/GSK3β/CREB pathway. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6754-6771. [PMID: 33788269 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia at higher altitudes usually impairs cognitive function. Previous studies suggested that epigenetic modifications are the culprits for this condition. Here, we set out to determine how hypobaric hypoxia mediates epigenetic modifications and how this condition worsens neurodegeneration and memory loss in rats. In the current study, different duration of hypobaric hypoxia exposure showed a discrete pattern of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression in the hippocampus when compared with control rat brains. The level of acetylation sites in histone H2A, H3 and H4 was significantly decreased under hypobaric hypoxia exposure compared to the control rat's hippocampus. Additionally, inhibiting the HDAC family with sodium butyrate administration (1.2 g/kg body weight) attenuated neurodegeneration and memory loss in hypobaric hypoxia-exposed rats. Moreover, histone acetylation increased at the promoter regions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); thereby its protein expression was enhanced significantly in hypobaric hypoxia exposed rats treated with HDAC inhibitor compared with hypoxic rats. Thus, BDNF expression upregulated cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation by stimulation of PI3K/GSK3β/CREB axis, which counteracts hypobaric hypoxia-induced spatial memory impairment. In conclusion, these results suggested that sodium butyrate is a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of spatial memory loss associated with hypobaric hypoxia, and also further studies are warranted to explore specific HDAC inhibitors in this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Jain
- Neurophysiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Kushwah
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Aastha Dheer
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dipti Prasad
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Neuroepigenetics, a new branch of epigenetics, plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Neuroepigenetics is associated with holistic neuronal function and helps in formation and maintenance of memory and learning processes. This includes neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative defects in which histone modification enzymes appear to play a crucial role. These modifications, carried out by acetyltransferases and deacetylases, regulate biologic and cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy, inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell-cycle progression and oxidative stress. Alterations in acetylation status of histone as well as non-histone substrates lead to transcriptional deregulation. Histone deacetylase decreases acetylation status and causes transcriptional repression of regulatory genes involved in neural plasticity, synaptogenesis, synaptic and neural plasticity, cognition and memory, and neural differentiation. Transcriptional deactivation in the brain results in development of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Mounting evidence implicates histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets to combat neurologic disorders. Recent studies have targeted naturally-occurring biomolecules and micro-RNAs to improve cognitive defects and memory. Multi-target drug ligands targeting HDAC have been developed and used in cell-culture and animal-models of neurologic disorders to ameliorate synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. Herein, we focus on the implications of histone deacetylase enzymes in neuropathology, their regulation of brain function and plausible involvement in the pathogenesis of neurologic defects.
Collapse
|
13
|
Morris G, Gamage E, Travica N, Berk M, Jacka FN, O'Neil A, Puri BK, Carvalho AF, Bortolasci CC, Walder K, Marx W. Polyphenols as adjunctive treatments in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Efficacy, mechanisms of action, and factors influencing inter-individual response. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:101-122. [PMID: 34062263 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders is complex and multifactorial. Polyphenols possess a range of potentially beneficial mechanisms of action that relate to the implicated pathways in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this review is to highlight the emerging clinical trial and preclinical efficacy data regarding the role of polyphenols in mental and brain health, elucidate novel mechanisms of action including the gut microbiome and gene expression, and discuss the factors that may be responsible for the mixed clinical results; namely, the role of interindividual differences in treatment response and the potentially pro-oxidant effects of some polyphenols. Further clarification as part of larger, well conducted randomized controlled trials that incorporate precision medicine methods are required to inform clinical efficacy and optimal dosing regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Gamage
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Andre F Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Villarreal A, Vidos C, Monteverde Busso M, Cieri MB, Ramos AJ. Pathological Neuroinflammatory Conversion of Reactive Astrocytes Is Induced by Microglia and Involves Chromatin Remodeling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:689346. [PMID: 34234677 PMCID: PMC8255379 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.689346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Following brain injury or in neurodegenerative diseases, astrocytes become reactive and may suffer pathological remodeling, features of which are the loss of their homeostatic functions and a pro-inflammatory gain of function that facilitates neurodegeneration. Pharmacological intervention to modulate this astroglial response and neuroinflammation is an interesting new therapeutic research strategy, but it still requires a deeper understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the phenomenon. Based on the known microglial–astroglial interaction, the prominent role of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in mediating astroglial pathological pro-inflammatory gain of function, and its ability to recruit chromatin-remodeling enzymes, we first explored the microglial role in the initiation of astroglial pro-inflammatory conversion and then monitored the progression of epigenetic changes in the astrocytic chromatin. Different configurations of primary glial culture were used to modulate microglia–astrocyte crosstalk while inducing pro-inflammatory gain of function by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. In vivo, brain ischemia by cortical devascularization (pial disruption) was performed to verify the presence of epigenetic marks in reactive astrocytes. Our results showed that 1) microglia is required to initiate the pathological conversion of astrocytes by triggering the NF-κB signaling pathway; 2) this interaction is mediated by soluble factors and induces stable astroglial phenotypic changes; 3) the pathological conversion promotes chromatin remodeling with stable increase in H3K9K14ac, temporary increase in H3K27ac, and temporary reduction in heterochromatin mark H3K9me3; and 4) in vivo reactive astrocytes show increased H3K27ac mark in the neuroinflammatory milieu from the ischemic penumbra. Our findings indicate that astroglial pathological pro-inflammatory gain of function is associated with profound changes in the configuration of astrocytic chromatin, which in turn are initiated by microglia-derived cues. These results open a new avenue in the study of potential pharmacological interventions that modify the initiation and stabilization of astroglial pathological remodeling, which would be useful in acute and chronic CNS injury. Epigenetic changes represent a plausible pharmacological target to interfere with the stabilization of the pathological astroglial phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Villarreal
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Vidos
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Monteverde Busso
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Primera Unidad Académica de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Cieri
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Primera Unidad Académica de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto Javier Ramos
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Primera Unidad Académica de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Athira KV, Sadanandan P, Chakravarty S. Repurposing Vorinostat for the Treatment of Disorders Affecting Brain. Neuromolecular Med 2021; 23:449-465. [PMID: 33948878 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-021-08660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Based on the findings in recent years, we summarize the therapeutic potential of vorinostat (VOR), the first approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, in disorders of brain, and strategies to improve drug efficacy and reduce side effects. Scientific evidences provide a strong case for the therapeutic utility of VOR in various disorders affecting brain, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, epilepsy, Niemann-Pick type C disease, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Further elucidation of the neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties of VOR using proper clinical study designs could provide momentum towards its clinical application. To improve the therapeutic prospect, concerns on systemic toxicity and off-target actions need to be addressed along with the improvement in formulation and delivery aspects, especially with respect to solubility, permeability, and pharmacokinetic properties. Newer approaches in this regard include poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(DL-lactic acid) micelles, VOR-pluronic F127 micelles, encapsulation of iron complexes of VOR into PEGylated liposomes, human serum albumin bound VOR nanomedicine, magnetically guided layer-by-layer assembled nanocarriers, as well as convection-enhanced delivery. Even though targeting specific class or isoform of HDAC is projected as advantageous over pan-HDAC inhibitor like VOR, in terms of adverse effects and efficacy, till clinical validation, the idea is debated. As the VOR treatment-related adverse changes are mostly found reversible, further optimization of the therapeutic strategies with respect to dose, dosage regimen, and formulations of VOR could propel its clinical prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K V Athira
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, Kerala, India.
| | - Prashant Sadanandan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Beshore DC, Adam GC, Barnard RJO, Burlein C, Gallicchio SN, Holloway MK, Krosky D, Lemaire W, Myers RW, Patel S, Plotkin MA, Powell DA, Rada V, Cox CD, Coleman PJ, Klein DJ, Wolkenberg SE. Redefining the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Pharmacophore: High Potency with No Zinc Cofactor Interaction. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:540-547. [PMID: 33854701 PMCID: PMC8040053 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors lacking a zinc-binding moiety has been developed and described herein. HDAC isozyme profiling and kinetic studies indicate that these inhibitors display a selectivity preference for HDACs 1, 2, 3, 10, and 11 via a rapid equilibrium mechanism, and crystal structures with HDAC2 confirm that these inhibitors do not interact with the catalytic zinc. The compounds are nonmutagenic and devoid of electrophilic and mutagenic structural elements and exhibit off-target profiles that are promising for further optimization. The efficacy of this new class in biochemical and cell-based assays is comparable to the marketed HDAC inhibitors belinostat and vorinostat. These results demonstrate that the long-standing pharmacophore model of HDAC inhibitors requiring a metal binding motif should be revised and offers a distinct class of HDAC inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory C. Adam
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Krosky
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wei Lemaire
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert W. Myers
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sangita Patel
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - David A. Powell
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Vanessa Rada
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Paul J. Coleman
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Daniel J. Klein
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zaidi SAH, Thakore N, Singh S, Guzman W, Mehrotra S, Gangaraju V, Husain S. Histone Deacetylases Regulation by δ-Opioids in Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:17. [PMID: 32915982 PMCID: PMC7488628 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.11.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We determined whether δ-opioid receptor agonist (SNC-121) regulates acetylation homeostasis via controlling histone deacetylases (HDACs) activity and expression in optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes. Methods ONH astrocytes were treated with SNC-121 (1 µM) for 24 hours. The HDAC activity was measured using HDAC-specific fluorophore-conjugated synthetic substrates, Boc-Lys(Ac)-AMC and (Boc-Lys(Tfa)-AMC). Protein and mRNA expression of each HDAC was determined by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. IOP in rats was elevated by injecting 2.0 M hypertonic saline into the limbal veins. Results Delta opioid receptor agonist, SNC-121 (1 µM), treatment increased acetylation of histone H3, H2B, and H4 by 128 ± 3%, 45 ± 1%, and 68 ± 2%, respectively. The addition of Garcinol, a histone-acetyltransferase inhibitor, fully blocked SNC-121–induced histone H3 acetylation. SNC-121 reduced the activities of class I and IIb HDACs activities significantly (17 ± 3%) and this decrease in HDACs activities was fully blocked by a selective δ-opioid receptors antagonist, naltrindole. SNC-121 also decrease the mRNA expression of HDAC-3 and HDAC-6 by 19% and 18%, respectively. Furthermore, protein expression of HDAC 1, 2, 3, and 6 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by SNC-121 treatment. SNC-121 treatment also reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α production from ONH astrocytes and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining in the optic nerve of ocular hypertensive animals. Conclusions We provided evidence that δ-opioid receptor agonist activation increased histone acetylation, decrease HDACs class I and class IIb activities, mRNA, and protein expression, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α production in ONH astrocytes. Our data also demonstrate that SNC-121 treatment decrease glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining in the optic nerves of animals with ocular hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed A H Zaidi
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Nakul Thakore
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sudha Singh
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Wendy Guzman
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Vamsi Gangaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shahid Husain
- Hewitt Laboratory of the Ola B. Williams Glaucoma Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Therapeutic Potential of Epigenome-Modifying Drugs in Cardiometabolic Disease. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-021-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
19
|
Gediya P, Parikh PK, Vyas VK, Ghate MD. Histone deacetylase 2: A potential therapeutic target for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113332. [PMID: 33714914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in a number of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammation. For the treatment of epigenetically altered diseases such as cancer, HDAC inhibitors have made a significant progress in terms of development of isoform selective inhibitiors. Isoform specific HDAC inhibitors have less adverse events and better safety profile. A HDAC isoform i.e., HDAC2 demonstrated significant role in the development of variety of diseases, mainly involved in the cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Discovery and development of selective HDAC2 inhibitors have a great potential for the treatment of target diseases. In the present compilation, we have reviewed the role of HDAC2 in progression of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, and information on the drug development opportunities for selective HDAC2 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Gediya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak K Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek K Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Manjunath D Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu Y, Jiang H, Zhao B, Yang K, Liang Z, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Quantitative proteomics of epigenetic histone modifications in MCF-7 cells under estradiol stimulation. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:469-476. [PMID: 33458731 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02146f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen exposure has already been considered to be associated with tumorigenesis and breast cancer progression. To study the epigenetic regulation mechanism in MCF-7 cells under estrogen exposure, which normally results in cell proliferation and malignancy, a stable isotope labeling of amino acid (SILAC) based quantitative proteomics strategy was used to analyse histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and protein differential expressions. In total, we have unambiguously identified 49 histone variants and quantified 42 of them, in which two differentially expressed proteins were found to be associated with breast cancers. Through the quantitative analysis of 470 histone peptides with a combination of different PTM types, including methylation (mono-, di-, and tri-), acetylation and phosphorylation, 150 of them were found to be differentially expressed. Through the biological analysis of the quantification results of both histone PTMs and proteins in MCF-7 cells, we found that (1) the histone variants H10 and H2AV have an effect on the adjustment of the nucleosome or chromatin structure and activate target genes; (2) after estrogen receptor (ER) activation by estrogen, the recruitment of histone acetyltransferase KAT7 might affect the acetylation at the N terminal of H4 (K5, K8 and K12) and also result in cross-talk between different acetylation sites; (3) different expression of histone deacetylase HDAC2 and its nucleo-cytoplasmic transportation process is important in the regulation of histone acetylation in MCF-7 cells under estrogen exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yechen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China. and Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Kaiguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Zhen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ye X, Chen G, Jin J, Zhang B, Wang Y, Cai Z, Ye F. The Development of Inhibitors Targeting the Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WD Repeat Domain 5 Protein (WDR5) Protein- Protein Interaction. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5530-5542. [PMID: 31132972 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190528080514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1), an important member of Histone Methyltransferases (HMT) family, is capable of catalyzing mono-, di-, and trimethylation of Histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4). The optimal catalytic activity of MLL1 requires the formation of a core complex consisting of MLL1, WDR5, RbBP5, and ASH2L. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) between WDR5 and MLL1 plays an important role in abnormal gene expression during tumorigenesis, and disturbing this interaction may have a potential for the treatment of leukemia harboring MLL1 fusion proteins. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the development of inhibitors targeting MLL1- WDR5 interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jia Jin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binzhong Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yinda Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhenhai Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Fei Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual-function inhibitors targeting NMDAR and HDAC for Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
23
|
Sundaramurthi H, Roche SL, Grice GL, Moran A, Dillion ET, Campiani G, Nathan JA, Kennedy BN. Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors Restore Cone Photoreceptor Vision or Outer Segment Morphology in Zebrafish and Mouse Models of Retinal Blindness. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:689. [PMID: 32984302 PMCID: PMC7479070 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blindness arising from retinal or macular degeneration results in significant social, health and economic burden. While approved treatments exist for neovascular (‘wet’) age-related macular degeneration, new therapeutic targets/interventions are needed for the more prevalent atrophic (‘dry’) form of age-related macular degeneration. Similarly, in inherited retinal diseases, most patients have no access to an effective treatment. Although macular and retinal degenerations are genetically and clinically distinct, common pathological hallmarks can include photoreceptor degeneration, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, oxidative stress, hypoxia and defective autophagy. Here, we evaluated the potential of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors to preserve retinal morphology or restore vision in zebrafish atp6v0e1–/– and mouse rd10 models. Histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor, tubastatin A-treated atp6v0e1–/– zebrafish show marked improvement in photoreceptor outer segment area (44.7%, p = 0.027) and significant improvement in vision (8-fold, p ≤ 0.0001). Tubastatin A-treated rd10/rd10 retinal explants show a significantly (p = 0.016) increased number of outer-segment labeled cone photoreceptors. In vitro, ATP6V0E1 regulated HIF-1α activity, but significant regulation of HIF-1α by histone deacetylase 6 inhibition in the retina was not detected. Proteomic profiling identified ubiquitin-proteasome, phototransduction, metabolism and phagosome as pathways, whose altered expression correlated with histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor mediated restoration of vision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Husvinee Sundaramurthi
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah L Roche
- School of Biochemistry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Guinevere L Grice
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ailis Moran
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eugene T Dillion
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Mass Spectrometry Resource, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - James A Nathan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Breandán N Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ozawa S, Yamaori S, Aikawa K, Kamijo S, Ohmori S. Expression profile of cytochrome P450s and effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and antiepileptic drugs on CYP1 expression in MOG-G-CCM cells. Life Sci 2020; 258:118140. [PMID: 32730838 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to investigate the expression profile of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms and effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and antiepileptic drugs on CYP1 expression in human astrocytoma MOG-G-CCM cells. MAIN METHODS CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. KEY FINDINGS MOG-G-CCM cells expressed various CYP isoforms. Among the CYP isoforms analyzed, CYP1B1 showed the highest expression level, followed by CYP1A1. Furthermore, CYP1B1 was localized in both the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. 3-Methylcholanthrene (3-MC), benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), and valproic acid (VPA) increased the expression of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. The potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist GNF351 significantly suppressed the 3-MC- and VPA-mediated upregulation of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. In addition, VPA potentiated the induction of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 by 3-MC, B[a]A, and B[a]P, although the augmentation of CYP1A1 was more remarkable than that of CYP1B1. In contrast, other antiepileptic drugs (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, phenytoin) did not affect the 3-MC-mediated upregulation of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. VPA is known to act as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Therefore, the effects of trichostatin A, a representative HDAC inhibitor, on CYP1 induction by 3-MC were examined. Trichostatin A enhanced the 3-MC-mediated upregulation of CYP1A1 but not CYP1B1. SIGNIFICANCE These results partially indicated that VPA may augment the PAH-mediated induction of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 through the activation of transcription by HDAC inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Ozawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaori
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Kaori Aikawa
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kamijo
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohmori
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Niklison-Chirou MV, Agostini M, Amelio I, Melino G. Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis in Mammalian Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144869. [PMID: 32660154 PMCID: PMC7402357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is a multistage process by which neurons are generated and integrated into existing neuronal circuits. In the adult brain, neurogenesis is mainly localized in two specialized niches, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Neurogenesis plays a fundamental role in postnatal brain, where it is required for neuronal plasticity. Moreover, perturbation of adult neurogenesis contributes to several human diseases, including cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. The interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic factors is fundamental in regulating neurogenesis. Over the past decades, several studies on intrinsic pathways, including transcription factors, have highlighted their fundamental role in regulating every stage of neurogenesis. However, it is likely that transcriptional regulation is part of a more sophisticated regulatory network, which includes epigenetic modifications, non-coding RNAs and metabolic pathways. Here, we review recent findings that advance our knowledge in epigenetic, transcriptional and metabolic regulation of adult neurogenesis in the SGZ of the hippocampus, with a special attention to the p53-family of transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI-Bath), Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
- Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (I.A.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HU, UK
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (I.A.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Neganova ME, Aleksandrova YR, Nebogatikov VO, Klochkov SG, Ustyugov AA. Promising Molecular Targets for Pharmacological Therapy of Neurodegenerative Pathologies. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:60-80. [PMID: 33173597 PMCID: PMC7604899 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.10925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug development for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases has to confront numerous problems occurring, in particular, because of attempts to address only one of the causes of the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Recent advances in multitarget therapy research are gaining momentum by utilizing pharmacophores that simultaneously affect different pathological pathways in the neurodegeneration process. The application of such a therapeutic strategy not only involves the treatment of symptoms, but also mainly addresses prevention of the fundamental pathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases and the reduction of cognitive abilities. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulation of the expression of histone deacetylases, and aggregation of pathogenic forms of proteins are among the most common and significant pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and highlight the main aspects, including reactive oxygen species, the cell endogenous antioxidant system, neuroinflammation triggers, metalloproteinases, α-synuclein, tau proteins, neuromelanin, histone deacetylases, presenilins, etc. The processes and molecular targets discussed in this review could serve as a starting point for screening leader compounds that could help prevent or slow down the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
| | - Yu. R. Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
| | - V. O. Nebogatikov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
| | - S. G. Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
| | - A. A. Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sherzai M, Valle A, Perry N, Kalef-Ezra E, Al-Mahdawi S, Pook M, Anjomani Virmouni S. HMTase Inhibitors as a Potential Epigenetic-Based Therapeutic Approach for Friedreich's Ataxia. Front Genet 2020; 11:584. [PMID: 32582297 PMCID: PMC7291394 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a homozygous GAA repeat expansion mutation in intron 1 of the frataxin gene (FXN), which instigates reduced transcription. As a consequence, reduced levels of frataxin protein lead to mitochondrial iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and ultimately cell death; particularly in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons and the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. In addition to neurological disability, FRDA is associated with cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, and skeletal deformities. Currently there is no effective treatment for FRDA and patients die prematurely. Recent findings suggest that abnormal GAA expansion plays a role in histone modification, subjecting the FXN gene to heterochromatin silencing. Therefore, as an epigenetic-based therapy, we investigated the efficacy and tolerability of two histone methyltransferase (HMTase) inhibitor compounds, BIX0194 (G9a-inhibitor) and GSK126 (EZH2-inhibitor), to specifically target and reduce H3K9me2/3 and H3K27me3 levels, respectively, in FRDA fibroblasts. We show that a combination treatment of BIX0194 and GSK126, significantly increased FXN gene expression levels and reduced the repressive histone marks. However, no increase in frataxin protein levels was observed. Nevertheless, our results are still promising and may encourage to investigate HMTase inhibitors with other synergistic epigenetic-based therapies for further preliminary studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mursal Sherzai
- Ataxia Research Group, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adamo Valle
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas Perry
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ester Kalef-Ezra
- Ataxia Research Group, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sahar Al-Mahdawi
- Ataxia Research Group, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Pook
- Ataxia Research Group, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Anjomani Virmouni
- Ataxia Research Group, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shukla S, Tekwani BL. Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Neuroprotection and Neuronal Differentiation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537. [PMID: 32390854 PMCID: PMC7194116 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HADC) are the enzymes that remove acetyl group from lysine residue of histones and non-histone proteins and regulate the process of transcription by binding to transcription factors and regulating fundamental cellular process such as cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. In neurodegenerative diseases, the histone acetylation homeostasis is greatly impaired, shifting towards a state of hypoacetylation. The histone hyperacetylation produced by direct inhibition of HDACs leads to neuroprotective actions. This review attempts to elaborate on role of small molecule inhibitors of HDACs on neuronal differentiation and throws light on the potential of HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The role of HDACs in neuronal cellular and disease models and their modulation with HDAC inhibitors are also discussed. Significance of these HDAC inhibitors has been reviewed on the process of neuronal differentiation, neurite outgrowth and neuroprotection regarding their potential therapeutic application for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- Division of Drug Discovery, Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao C, Dong H, Xu Q, Zhang Y. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in cancer: a patent review (2017-present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:263-274. [PMID: 32008402 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1725470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors play a crucial role in restoring the balance of acetylation and deacetylation of lysine residues of histones and non-histone proteins, which are applied to treat several diseases including cancer.Area covered: This review covers recent efforts in the synthesis and applications of inhibitors and hybrid inhibitors targeting HDAC from 2017 to 2019.Expert opinion: HDACs are important epigenetic targets and HDAC inhibitors have become important biologically active compounds for the treatment of cancers. Among the recent patents available, most of them place emphasis on HDAC selective inhibitors and multitarget HDAC inhibitors. Although great accomplishments have been achieved in developing HDAC selective inhibitors, there is still an urgent need for discovery of novel HDAC inhibitors with new zinc-binding groups avoiding the unfavorable pharmacokinetics profiles of hydroxamic acid. Apart from cancer therapy, HDAC inhibitors have recently been considered as a new strategy in treating other human diseases, such as alcohol use disorder (AUD), neurological disorders, age-related diseases, and so forth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Qifu Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pharmacological intervention of histone deacetylase enzymes in the neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 2020; 243:117278. [PMID: 31926248 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reversal of aging symptoms and related disorders are the challenging task where epigenetic is a crucial player that includes DNA methylation, histone modification; chromatin remodeling and regulation that are linked to the progression of various neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Overexpression of various histone deacetylase (HDACs) can activate Glycogen synthase kinase 3 which promotes the hyperphosphorylation of tau and inhibits its degradation. While HDAC is important for maintaining the neuronal morphology and brain homeostasis, at the same time, these enzymes are promoting neurodegeneration, if it is deregulated. Different experimental models have also confirmed the neuroprotective effects caused by HDAC enzymes through the regulation of neuronal apoptosis, inflammatory response, DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, and metabolic dysfunction. Apart from transcriptional regulation, protein-protein interaction, histone post-translational modifications, deacetylation mechanism of non-histone protein and direct association with disease proteins have been linked to neuronal imbalance. Histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) can be able to alter gene expression and shown its efficacy on experimental models, and in clinical trials for NDD's and found to be a very promising therapeutic agent with certain limitation, for instance, non-specific target effect, isoform-selectivity, specificity, and limited number of predicted biomarkers. Herein, we discussed (i) the catalytic mechanism of the deacetylation process of various HDAC's in in vivo and in vitro experimental models, (ii) how HDACs are participating in neuroprotection as well as in neurodegeneration, (iii) a comprehensive role of HDACi in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and (iv) therapeutic role of biomolecules to modulate HDACs.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang C, Guo S, Zhong Q, Zhang Q, Hossain A, Zheng S, Wang G. Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Study of the Boron-Containing Prodrug of Belinostat (ZL277), a Pan HDAC Inhibitor with Enhanced Bioavailability. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040180. [PMID: 31817969 PMCID: PMC6958523 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ZL277 is a prodrug of belinostat with enhanced bioavailability and efficacy as a pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. In this study, we investigated the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of ZL277 in liver S9 fractions, liver microsomes, liver cytosol, and in mice. Metabolic products were identified and quantified by a combination of liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The in vitro metabolic profile of ZL277 includes ZL277-B(OH)2-452, the major oxidative metabolite ZL277-OH-424, the active ingredient belinostat, belinostat amide, belinostat acid, and methylated belinostat in liver S9 fractions. Both ZL277-OH-424 and belinostat underwent further glucuronidation in liver microsome, whereas only ZL277-OH-424, but not belinostat, underwent some level of sulfation in rat liver cytosols. These metabolites were examined in plasma and in a breast tumor model in vivo. They were also examined in urine and feces from mice treated with ZL277. The pharmacokinetic study of ZL277 showed the parameters of active drug belinostat with a half-life (t1/2) of 10.7 h, an area under curve value (AUC) of 1506.9 ng/mL*h, and a maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 172 ng/mL, reached 3 h after a single dose of 10 mg/kg. The hydrolysis product of the prodrug, ZL277-B(OH)2-452 showed an AUC of 8306 ng/mL*h and Cmax of 931 ng/mL 3 h after drug administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shilong Zheng
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (G.W.); Tel.: +1-(504)520-7824 (S.Z.); +1-(504)520-5076 (G.W.)
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (G.W.); Tel.: +1-(504)520-7824 (S.Z.); +1-(504)520-5076 (G.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gao N, Li J, Qin Y, Wang Y, Kang Q, Pei C. SNAI1 interacts with HDAC1 to control TGF‑β2‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in human lens epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:265-273. [PMID: 31746377 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The opacity of the lens capsule after cataract surgery is caused by epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells. Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) is a transcriptional repressor that recruits multiple chromatin enzymes including lysine‑specific histone demethylase 1A, histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1/2, polycomb repressive complex 2, euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2 and suppressor of variegation 3‑9 homolog 1 to the E‑cadherin promoter, thereby suppressing E‑cadherin expression. However, the functional relationship between SNAI1 and HDAC in the induction of EMT in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) is still unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to explore the possible functional relationship between SNAI1 and HDAC1 in the induction of EMT in HLECs. In the present study, SNAI1 was found to be increased in HLECs during transforming growth factor‑β2 (TGF‑β2)‑induced EMT. Knockdown of SNAI1 by siRNA reversed TGF‑β2‑induced downregulation of E‑cadherin and upregulation of α‑Smooth Muscle Actin. Furthermore, SNAI1 was found to be associated with HDAC1 in the E‑cadherin promoter in TGF‑β2‑treated HLECs. Inhibition of HDAC by trichostatin A and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid could prevent TGF‑β2‑induced EMT in HLECs. Collectively, SNAI1 interacted with HDAC1 to repress E‑cadherin in the TGF‑β2‑induced EMT in HLECs, suggesting that HDAC inhibitors may have potential therapeutic value for the prevention of EMT in HLECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jingming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yazhou Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yingna Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qianyang Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Sun L, Wang L, Wang M, Lu G, Wang Y, Li Q, Li C, Zhou J, Ma H, Sun H. The effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on the attentional set-shifting task performance of alcohol-dependent rats. Brain Res Bull 2019; 149:208-215. [PMID: 31029598 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol dependence causes extensive damage to the central nervous system, resulting in impaired brain structure and behavioral changes. Moreover, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors restrain the activity of HDAC and cause increased histone acetylation, which may be related to alcohol dependence. METHODS Ethanol dependence was modelled in animals by persistent alcohol exposure and tested in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. To induce CPP, the alcohol-treated rats were given orally gradient concentration (3%, 6%, and 9% v/v) alcohol administration for 20 consecutive days. The sodium butyrate (NaB)-treated rats were injected daily. Cognitive flexibility was evaluated using an attentional set-shifting task (ASST) in which the rats performed a series of seven consecutive discriminations after the final CPP paradigm. RESULTS Ethanol administration induced alcohol dependence behaviors, with more time spent in the ethanol-paired compartment. Compared with the CPP scores of the control group, the scores of the ethanol- and NaB-treated groups were significantly higher. In the ASST, alcohol-treated rats had significantly increased number of trials to reach criteria (TTC) in most phases, higher error rate, and lower cognitive levels compared to the control group. Moreover, the present findings demonstrated that NaB combined with ethanol caused cognitive deficits as the result of an increased number of TTC during the ASST. CONCLUSIONS The attentional/cognitive flexibility of the prefrontal cortex of alcohol-dependent rats was damaged and the NaB administration procedure itself did not produce cognitive deficits, but instead exacerbated cognitive impairment in alcohol-dependent rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Guohua Lu
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Reproduction Growth and Development, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemsitry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Penna F, Costelli P. New developments in investigational HDAC inhibitors for the potential multimodal treatment of cachexia. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 28:179-189. [PMID: 30526137 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1557634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cachexia is a frequent feature of chronic diseases. This syndrome includes loss of body weight, depletion of skeletal muscle mass and altered metabolic homeostasis. Acceleration of protein and energy metabolism, impaired myogenesis, and systemic inflammation contribute to cachexia. Its occurrence impinges on treatment tolerance and on the quality of life of the patient, however, no effective therapy is available yet. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the use of histone deacetylase inhibitors as pharmacological tools to prevent or delay cachexia, with reference to muscle wasting. EXPERT OPINION Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors could be considered as exercise mimetics and this supports their use as a treatment for muscle-wasting associated diseases, such as cachexia. The ability of some of these inhibitors to modulate the release of extracellular vesicles from tumor cells is a potential tool for restricting the development of cancer-induced muscle protein depletion. There are few clinical trials that are testing histone deacetylase inhibitors as a treatment for cachexia; this reflects the lack of robust experimental evidence of effectiveness. The determination of the pathogenic mechanisms of muscle wasting and the identification of suitable histone deacetylase inhibitors that target such mechanisms are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Penna
- a Department of Clinical and Biological Science , University of Torino , Italy.,b Interuniversity Institute of Myology , Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- a Department of Clinical and Biological Science , University of Torino , Italy.,b Interuniversity Institute of Myology , Italy
| |
Collapse
|