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Wan X, Jin X, Wu X, Dong D, Yang H, Tan R, Sun Y, Liu X, Sun K, Wu W, Chen C. Ginsenoside Rd reduces cell proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells by p53-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32483. [PMID: 38933967 PMCID: PMC11201117 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rd is a tetracyclic triterpenoid derivative, widely existing in Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng and other traditional Chinese medicines. Many studies have proved that ginsenoside Rd have a variety of significant biological activities on certain types of cancer. However, the mechanism of ginsenoside Rd remains unclear in lung cancer. The findings of this study reveal that GS-Rd inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells, induces apoptosis, and suppresses migration and invasion. The results showed Ginsenoside Rd inhibited the cell proliferation (∼99.52 %) by S phase arrest in cell cycle and promoted the apoptosis (∼54.85 %) of NSCLC cells. It also inhibited the migration and invasion of cells (p < 0.001). The expression levels of related mitochondrial apoptosis proteins (Bax/Bcl-2/Cytochrome C) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2/-9) were significantly changed. The results showed that ginsenoside Rd inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells by activating p53/bax-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and the expression of key enzymes for cell apoptosis caspase-3/cleaved-caspase-3 were significantly increased. This research contributes to a better understanding of the anti-tumor effects and molecular mechanisms of GS-Rd, paving the way for its potential development and clinical application in NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wan
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xinmin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- The Public Experimental Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Renbo Tan
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Xinze Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Kaijing Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Changbao Chen
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
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Wu Y, Tang H, Liao Q, Tu Y, Fang S, He J, Cui S. Curcumol Inhibits the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating the Expression of hsa_circ_0028861. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024; 39:203-210. [PMID: 38181186 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Hsa_circ_0028861, a newly discovered serum exosome circular RNA (circRNA), is greatly reduced in the serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the exact role of hsa_circ_0028861 in the progression of liver cancer is still unknown. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with HCC were enrolled in this study. Hsa_circ_0028861 expression was explored via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The influence of curcumol on HCC cells were tested using CCK-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, cell wound healing assay, and migration assay, respectively. The related mechanism was determined by Western blot. A xenograft tumor model was constructed, and mice were administrated with curcumol. Results: The expression of hsa_circ_0028861 in tumor tissues was elevated of patients with HCC and in HCC cells. Curcumol treatment decreased the expression of hsa_circ_0028861 in HCC cells. Curcumol treatment could largely suppress the viability, proliferation, and migration of HCC cells by reducing hsa_circ_0028861 expression and mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Curcumol also effectively restrained tumor growth in the HCC mice model. Conclusions: Curcumol exerted an inhibitory role in HCC progression by downregulating hsa_circ_0028861 expression and mediating the EMT process, which provides evidence for screening new therapeutic targets and drug therapies for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinbing Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanxing Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfu He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhong Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Dana SMMA, Meghdadi M, Kakhki SK, Khademi R. Anti-leukemia effects of ginsenoside monomer: A narrative review of pharmacodynamics study. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2024; 100:100739. [PMID: 38706463 PMCID: PMC11066596 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Leukemia is a prevalent disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. Current therapeutic approaches are expensive and have side effects. Objective In this investigation, we reviewed studies that investigated the anticancer effects of ginsenoside derivatives against leukemia and also explained the three main Ginsenoside derivatives (ginsenoside Rg3, Rh2, and Rg1) separately. Methods An extensive search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar and relevant studies that investigated anticancer effects of ginsenoside derivatives against leukemia cancer were extracted and reviewed. Results Preclinical studies reported that ginsenoside derivatives can induce apoptosis, suppress the proliferation of cancer cells, and induce differentiation and cell cycle arrest in leukemia cells. in addition, it can suppress the chemokine activity and extramedullary infiltration of leukemia cells from bone marrow. using herbal medicine and its derivatives is a promising approach to current health problems. Conclusion This review shows that ginsenoside derivatives can potentially suppress the growth of leukemia cells via various pathways and can be applied as a new natural medicine for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadreza Meghdadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medical Science, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Khayat Kakhki
- Department of Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Reza Khademi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Li Z, Li J, Liu X, Sun Z, Sun X. Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Hedyotis Diffusa Plus Scutellaria Barbata Inhibits the Progression of Breast Cancer via Targeting LMO1 and AKT/Mtor Signaling Pathway. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1735-1744. [PMID: 37711008 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230913105858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicines are widely used in cancer treatment. Scutellaria barbata and Hedyotis diffusa herb pair (SH) has an anticancer effects in various tumors. However, the specific mechanism of SH in breast cancer remains unclear. METHODS In the present research, we investigated the effect and regulatory network of SH in in breast cancer. CCK8, colony formation, transwell, wound healing and flow cytometry analysis were used for the detection of cell function. RESULTS Ethyl acetate fraction from SH at an equal weight ratio (EA11) could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. It also induced apoptosis in these two cell lines by downregulating Bcl2 and upregulating Bax and Cleaved-Caspase3. SH reduced the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and the expression of p70S6K. Sequencing results showed that LMO1 was significantly downregulated in SH-treated cells compared with control cells. Importantly, overexpression of LMO1 attenuated the inhibitory effect of SH on cell proliferation and invasion and induced inflammatory tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the SH herb pair inhibited the proliferation and metastasis through downregulating LMO1 expression and reducing the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. LMO1 has the potential as a new target in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Li
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shadong, Jinan, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyuan Sun
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Shen Y, Gao Y, Yang G, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Gao L, Zhao L, Li S. Transformation of Ginsenosides by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MB11 Fermentation: Minor Ginsenosides Conversion and Enhancement of Anti-Colorectal Cancer Activity. Molecules 2023; 29:27. [PMID: 38202610 PMCID: PMC10780060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to increase the content of minor ginsenosides and enhance the anti-colorectal cancer activity of ginsenosides via biotransformation by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MB11 screened from fermented foods. A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of murine colorectal cancer CT26 cells was established in mice to study the anticarcinogenic activities and mechanism of fermented total ginsenosides (FTGs). The results showed that L. plantarum MB11 fermentation increased the content of minor ginsenosides and decreased that of major ginsenosides. FTGs reduced the tumor weight and size compared with the model group. Immunofluorescence and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis showed that FTGs significantly increase the number of caspase-3 cells in tumor tissue and induce cell apoptosis. Mechanically, FTGs activate AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway and regulate JAK2/STAT3 and Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 apoptosis pathway. Overall, fermentation with L. plantarum MB11 enhanced minor ginsenosides in total ginsenosides, and FTGs induced subcutaneous transplantation tumor autophagy and apoptosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Shen
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Yansong Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Ge Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Yujuan Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Lei Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Shengyu Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
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6
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Song Z, Liu Q, Fan D, Song X. Ginsenosides: a potential natural medicine to protect the lungs from lung cancer and inflammatory lung disease. Food Funct 2023; 14:9137-9166. [PMID: 37801293 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02482b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the malignancy with the highest morbidity and mortality. Additionally, pulmonary inflammatory diseases, such as pneumonia, acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis (PF), also have high mortality rates and can promote the development and progression of lung cancer. Unfortunately, available treatments for them are limited, so it is critical to search for effective drugs and treatment strategies to protect the lungs. Ginsenosides, the main active components of ginseng, have been shown to have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In this paper, we focus on the beneficial effects of ginsenosides on lung diseases and their molecular mechanisms. Firstly, the molecular mechanism of ginsenosides against lung cancer was summarized in detail, mainly from the points of view of proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and immunity. In in vivo and in vitro lung cancer models, ginsenosides Rg3, Rh2 and CK were reported to have strong anti-lung cancer effects. Then, in the models of pneumonia and acute lung injury, the protective effect of Rb1 was particularly remarkable, followed by Rg3 and Rg1, and its molecular mechanism was mainly associated with targeting NF-κB, Nrf2, MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Additionally, ginsenosides may also have a potential health-promoting effect in the improvement of COPD, asthma and PF. Furthermore, to overcome the low bioavailability of CK and Rh2, the development of nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes and other nanomedicine delivery systems can significantly improve the efficacy of targeted lung cancer treatment. To conclude, ginsenosides can be used as both anti-lung cancer and lung protective agents or adjuvants and have great potential for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Zhimin Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Qingchao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- Biotechnology & Biomedicine Research Institute, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Liu J, An Y, Su J, Dong Q, Xie H, Liu J. The antitumor activity and pharmacokinetics research of PPD-Arg (Tos) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5535. [PMID: 36289571 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new compound PPD-Arg (Tos) (PAT), an arginine derivative of 20(s)-PPD, was synthesized via Fmoc-Arg (Tos)-OH and 20(s)-PPD. The pharmacokinetic properties in rats, in vitro cytotoxicity, and cell apoptosis rates of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and PAT were determined. A sensitive bioanalytical method for pharmacokinetics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed and validated. The result showed that the Tmax and t1/2 of PAT were significantly enhanced, indicating a long-lasting effect in vivo. Compared to the PPD group, the PAT group showed higher bioavailability. PAT also exhibited higher antitumor efficacy than PPD against three cancer cells, especially the strongest inhibitory activity against Huh-7, even more potent than the positive control of paclitaxel. Therefore, the apoptosis assay based on annexin V/propidium iodide-combined staining against Huh-7 further demonstrated that PAT could induce apoptosis of Huh-7 cells. Better pharmacokinetic properties and antitumor efficacy of the arginine derivative of 20(s)-PPD were important. These findings could provide references for further clinical research on amino acid derivatives of PPD as antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qinghai Dong
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongliu Xie
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jihua Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Li J, Huang T, Lu J, Xu X, Zhang W. Metabonomic profiling of clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant radish and the assessment of disease-resistant metabolites. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037633. [PMID: 36570889 PMCID: PMC9772615 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae causes a serious threat to cruciferous plants including radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Knowledge on the pathogenic regularity and molecular mechanism of P. brassicae and radish is limited, especially on the metabolism level. In the present study, clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant cultivars were inoculated with P. brassicae Race 4, root hairs initial infection of resting spores (107 CFU/mL) at 24 h post-inoculation and root galls symptom arising at cortex splitting stage were identified on both cultivars. Root samples of cortex splitting stage of two cultivars were collected and used for untargeted metabonomic analysis. We demonstrated changes in metabolite regulation and pathways during the cortex splitting stage of diseased roots between clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant cultivars using untargeted metabonomic analysis. We identified a larger number of differentially regulated metabolites and heavier metabolite profile changes in the susceptible cultivar than in the resistant counterpart. The metabolites that were differentially regulated in both cultivars were mostly lipids and lipid-like molecules. Significantly regulated metabolites and pathways according to the P value and variable important in projection score were identified. Moreover, four compounds, including ethyl α-D-thioglucopyranoside, imipenem, ginsenoside Rg1, and 6-gingerol, were selected, and their anti-P. brassicae ability and effects on seedling growth were verified on the susceptible cultivar. Except for ethyl α-D-thioglucopyranoside, the remaining could inhibit clubroot development of varing degree. The use of 5 mg/L ginsenoside Rg1 + 5 mg/L 6-gingerol resulted in the lowest disease incidence and disease index among all treatments and enhanced seedling growth. The regulation of pathways or metabolites of carbapenem and ginsenoside was further explored. The results provide a preliminary understanding of the interaction between radish and P. brassicae at the metabolism level, as well as the development of measures for preventing clubroot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Li
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingmin Huang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinbiao Lu
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wanping Zhang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Yang Z, Wu X, Shen J, Gudamu A, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Hou M. Ginsenoside Rh1 regulates gastric cancer cell biological behaviours and transplanted tumour growth in nude mice via the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1270-1280. [PMID: 36054718 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies of the digestive tract. Ginsenoside Rh1 was reported to exert effects on GC. The current study set out to explore the mechanism underlying Ginsenoside Rh1 effects on GC. With oxaliplatin (OXA) serving as the positive control, human GC cells AGS were treated with 0, 10, 25, 50, 74, or 100 μM of ginsenoside Rh1 for 48 h. Proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were subsequently assessed by means of MTT, scratch test, Transwell, and TUNEL, respectively. AGS cells were further jointly treated with Rh1 and the TGF-β/Smad pathway activator Kartogenin, followed by detection of TGF-β/Smad pathway effects on AGS biological behaviours. Moreover, TGF-β/Smad pathway activation was detected with a Western blot assay. Furthermore, xenograft tumour models were established and tumour growth was recorded. Ki-67 expression patterns and apoptosis were detected with immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively. In vitro, Ginsenoside Rh1 repressed AGS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and further promoted apoptosis, with a concentration of 50 μM Rh1 exerting the equivalent effects as OXA. In vivo, Ginsenoside Rh1 inhibited GC proliferation and induced tumour cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, Ginsenoside Rh1 reduced TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels and Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation levels. Collectively, our findings highlighted that ginsenoside Rh1 inhibited GC cell growth and tumour growth in xenograft tumour models via inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Yang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinlin Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - A Gudamu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongxiang Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zishu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingxing Hou
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Chang Y, Lu Z, Sui J, Jin T, Zhang M. Biometrics Data Visualization of Ginsenosides in Anticancer Investigations. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 51:35-51. [PMID: 36408727 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside extracts have been shown to have anticancer effects by a growing number of studies and have thus become a hot topic in cancer research. Our study used VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares to conduct a bibliometric approach to co-citation and co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in the field of cancer research to investigate the current status and trends of ginsenosides research in cancer. The web of science core collection (WoSCC) contained a total of 1102 papers. China made the most contributions in this area, with the most publications (742, 67.3%), and collaborated closely with Korea and the USA. The Journal of Ginseng Research, with the most total citations (1607) and an IF of 6.06, is the leading journal in the field of ginsenoside and cancer research, publishing high quality articles. Saponin and its extracts inhibit oxidative stress, promote apoptosis, and inhibits chemotherapy resistance by ginsenosides, all of which are hot research areas in this field. In the coming years, it is expected that the combination of ginsenosides and nanoparticles, in-depth mechanisms of cancer inhibition, and targeted therapy will receive widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqi Lu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Sui
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
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