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Pfeifer KB, Weber TM, Martin JE. Development of local-power-free, remote α-particle detection using optical fibers. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:136-143. [PMID: 38037422 PMCID: PMC10803159 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the application of fluorescence optical fiber coupled to a telecom grade fiber as a sensor for alpha particles using alpha-specific ZnS(Ag) scintillation materials whose wavelength is down-shifted into a low-loss region of the telecom grade fiber transmission band. Telecom-grade fiber optics offer a solution for sensing alpha radiation in deep repositories and cask storage for radioactive materials due to the stability of SiO2 under normal environmental conditions and its relative radiation hardness at low radiation doses. Long-term nuclear waste storage facilities require sensors for the detection of leakage of radioactive materials that are maintenance-free, do not require power and can survive with no 'wear out' mechanisms for decades. By accomplishing the wavelength transformation, we maximize efficiencies in the detection of α-particles and signal transport and can detect alpha scintillation at distances on the order of >1 km with a sensor that is ~3% efficient and can be easily scaled as a sensor array. This paper describes the construction and testing of the sensor including manufacture of the controlled thickness films, verification of the wavelength shift from 450 to 620 nm and optimization of the sensitivity as a function of thickness. We also model the relative sensitivity of the film as a function of film thickness, and we demonstrate a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 at a range of greater than 1 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent B Pfeifer
- Biological and Chemical Sensors, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 1425, 1515 Eubank SE, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1425, USA
| | - Thomas M Weber
- Nuclear Verification, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 1373, 1515 Eubank SE, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1373, USA
| | - James E Martin
- Critical Asset Security, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 1415, 1515 Eubank SE, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA
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Ding L, Wu Q, Wang Q, Li Y, Perks RM, Zhao L. Advances on inorganic scintillator-based optic fiber dosimeters. EJNMMI Phys 2020; 7:60. [PMID: 33025267 PMCID: PMC7538482 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-020-00327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a new perspective on the development of inorganic scintillator-based fiber dosimeters (IOSFDs) for medical radiotherapy dosimetry (RTD) focusing on real-time in vivo dosimetry. The scintillator-based optical fiber dosimeters (SFD) are compact, free of electromagnetic interference, radiation-resistant, and robust. They have shown great potential for real-time in vivo RTD. Compared with organic scintillators (OSs), inorganic scintillators (IOSs) have larger X-ray absorption and higher light output. Variable IOSs with maximum emission peaks in the red part of the spectrum offer convenient stem effect removal. This article outlines the main advantages and disadvantages of utilizing IOSs for SFD fabrication. IOSFDs with different configurations are presented, and their use for dosimetry in X-ray RT, brachytherapy (BT), proton therapy (PT), and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is reviewed. Challenges including the percentage depth dose (PDD) deviation from the standard ion chamber (IC) measurement, the angular dependence, and the Cherenkov effect are discussed in detail; methods to overcome these problems are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Kim TJ, Cheng K, Zhang H, Liu S, Skinner L, Xing L. Second window near-infrared dosimeter (NIR2D) system for radiation dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:175013. [PMID: 32869751 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9b56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fiber-coupled scintillation dosimeters are a cost-effective alternative to the conventional ion chambers in radiation dosimetry. However, stem effects from optical fibers such as Cerenkov radiation incur significant errors in the readout signal. Here we introduce a second near-infrared window dosimeter, dubbed as NIR2D, that can potentially be used as real-time radiation detector for clinical megavoltage beams. Lanthanide-based rare-earth NaYF4 nano-phosphors doped with both erbium and cerium elements were synthesized, and a compact 3D printed reader device integrated with a photodetector and data acquisition system was designed. The performance of the NIR2D was tested using a pre-clinical orthovoltage radiation source and a clinical megavoltage radiation source. The system was tested for dose linearity (100, 200, 600 MU), dose rate dependency (100, 200, 400, 600 MU min-1), and energy dependency (6, 10, 15 MV). Test results with the clinical linear accelerator demonstrated excellent dose linearity and dose rate independency when exposed to 6 MV linac beams-both data follows a linear trendline with R2 > 0.99. On the other hand, the NIR2D was energy dependent, where the readout dropped by 9% between 6 and 15 MV. For stem effects, we observed a finite Cerenkov contribution of 1%-3% when exposed between 100-600 MU min-1 (6 MV) and 3%-6% when exposed between 5-15 MV (600 MU min-1). While the stem effects were still observable, we expect that enhancing the current optical setup will simultaneously improve the scintillation signal and reduce the stem effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America. These authors contributed equally to this work
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Yada R, Maenaka K, Miyamoto S, Okada G, Sasakura A, Ashida M, Adachi M, Sato T, Wang T, Akasaka H, Mukumoto N, Shimizu Y, Sasaki R. Real-time in vivo dosimetry system based on an optical fiber-coupled microsized photostimulable phosphor for stereotactic body radiation therapy. Med Phys 2020; 47:5235-5249. [PMID: 32654194 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an in vivo dosimeter system for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) that can perform accurate and precise real-time measurements, using a microsized amount of a photostimulable phosphor (PSP), BaFBr:Eu2+ . METHODS The sensitive volume of the PSP was 1.26 × 10-5 cm3 . The dosimeter system was designed to apply photostimulation to the PSP after the decay of noise signals, in synchronization with the photon beam pulse of a linear accelerator (LINAC), to eliminate the noise signals completely using a time separation technique. The noise signals included stem signals, and radioluminescence signals generated by the PSP. In addition, the dosimeter system was built on a storage-type dosimeter that could read out a signal after an arbitrary preset number of photon beam pulses were incident. First, the noise and photostimulated luminescence (PSL) signal decay times were measured. Subsequently, we confirmed that the PSL signals could be exclusively read out within the photon beam pulse interval. Finally, using a water phantom, the basic characteristics of the dosimeter system were demonstrated under SBRT conditions, and the feasibility for clinical application was investigated. The reproducibility, dose linearity, dose-rate dependence, temperature dependence, and angular dependence were evaluated. The feasibility was confirmed by measurements at various dose gradients and using a representative treatment plan for a metastatic liver tumor. A clinical plan was created with a two-arc beam volumetric modulated arc therapy using a 10 MV flattening filter-free photon beam. For the water phantom measurements, the clinical plan was compiled into a plan with a fixed gantry angle of 0°. To evaluate the energy dependence during SBRT, the percent depth dose (PDD) was measured and compared with those calculated via Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. RESULTS All the PSL signals could be read out while eliminating the noise signals within the minimum pulse interval of the LINAC. Stable real-time measurements could be performed with a time resolution of 56 ms (i.e., number of pulses = 20). The dose linearity was good in the dose range of 0.01-100 Gy. The measurements agreed within 1% at dose rates of 40-2400 cGy/min. The temperature and angular dependence were also acceptable since these dependencies had only a negligible effect on the measurements in SBRT. At a dose gradient of 2.21 Gy/mm, the measured dose agreed with that calculated using a treatment planning system (TPS) within the measurement uncertainties due to the probe position. For measurements using a representative treatment plan, the measured dose agreed with that calculated using the TPS within 0.5% at the center of the beam axis. The PDD measurements agreed with the MC calculations to within 1% for field sizes <5 × 5 cm2 . CONCLUSION The in vivo dosimeter system developed using BaFBr:Eu2+ is capable of real-time, accurate, and precise measurement under SBRT conditions. The probe is smaller than a conventional dosimeter, has excellent spatial resolution, and can be valuable in SBRT with a steep dose distribution over a small field. The developed PSP dosimeter system appears to be suitable for in vivo SBRT dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Yada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazusuke Maenaka
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Shuji Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Kouto, Kamigoricho, Akogun, Hyogo, 678-1205, Japan
| | - Go Okada
- Co-creative Research Center of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 3-1 Yatsukaho, Hakusan, Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan
| | - Aki Sasakura
- Meisyo Kiko Co., Ltd, 148 Numa, Hikamicho, Tamba, Hyogo, 669-3634, Japan
| | - Motoi Ashida
- Meisyo Kiko Co., Ltd, 148 Numa, Hikamicho, Tamba, Hyogo, 669-3634, Japan
| | - Masashi Adachi
- Meisyo Kiko Co., Ltd, 148 Numa, Hikamicho, Tamba, Hyogo, 669-3634, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Sato
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Akasaka
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naritoshi Mukumoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shimizu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sasaki
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuouku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Kurobori T, Yanagida Y, Koguchi Y, Yamamoto T. Variable periodic time operated fibre-coupled dosimetry system using Ag-activated RPL glasses with build-up. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tsuneda M, Nishio T, Saito A, Tanaka S, Suzuki T, Kawahara D, Matsushita K, Nishio A, Ozawa S, Karasawa K, Nagata Y. A novel verification method using a plastic scintillator imagining system for assessment of gantry sag in radiotherapy. Med Phys 2018; 45:2411-2424. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Tsuneda
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8666 Japan
| | - Teiji Nishio
- Department of Medical Physics; Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Women's Medical University; 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8666 Japan
| | - Akito Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Hiroshima University Hospital; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan
| | - Sodai Tanaka
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawahara
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan
| | - Keiichiro Matsushita
- Department of Radiology; Kyoto Prefecture University of Medicine; 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku Kyoto 602-8566 Japan
| | - Aya Nishio
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8666 Japan
| | - Shuichi Ozawa
- Hiroshima High-Precision Radiotherapy Cancer Center; 2-2 Hutabanosato, Higashi-ku Hiroshima 732-0057 Japan
| | - Kumiko Karasawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8666 Japan
| | - Yasushi Nagata
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku Hiroshima 734-8551 Japan
- Hiroshima High-Precision Radiotherapy Cancer Center; 2-2 Hutabanosato, Higashi-ku Hiroshima 732-0057 Japan
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Takata T, Kotoku J, Maejima H, Kumagai S, Arai N, Kobayashi T, Shiraishi K, Yamamoto M, Kondo H, Furui S. Fast skin dose estimation system for interventional radiology. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2018; 59:233-239. [PMID: 29136194 PMCID: PMC5951074 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrx062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To minimise the radiation dermatitis related to interventional radiology (IR), rapid and accurate dose estimation has been sought for all procedures. We propose a technique for estimating the patient skin dose rapidly and accurately using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation with a graphical processing unit (GPU, GTX 1080; Nvidia Corp.). The skin dose distribution is simulated based on an individual patient's computed tomography (CT) dataset for fluoroscopic conditions after the CT dataset has been segmented into air, water and bone based on pixel values. The skin is assumed to be one layer at the outer surface of the body. Fluoroscopic conditions are obtained from a log file of a fluoroscopic examination. Estimating the absorbed skin dose distribution requires calibration of the dose simulated by our system. For this purpose, a linear function was used to approximate the relation between the simulated dose and the measured dose using radiophotoluminescence (RPL) glass dosimeters in a water-equivalent phantom. Differences of maximum skin dose between our system and the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) were as high as 6.1%. The relative statistical error (2 σ) for the simulated dose obtained using our system was ≤3.5%. Using a GPU, the simulation on the chest CT dataset aiming at the heart was within 3.49 s on average: the GPU is 122 times faster than a CPU (Core i7-7700K; Intel Corp.). Our system (using the GPU, the log file, and the CT dataset) estimated the skin dose more rapidly and more accurately than conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Takata
- Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Jun’ichi Kotoku
- Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Central Radiology Division, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Maejima
- Central Radiology Division, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kumagai
- Central Radiology Division, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Norikazu Arai
- Central Radiology Division, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Takenori Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Shiraishi
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondo
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shigeru Furui
- Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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Yogo K, Tatsuno Y, Tsuneda M, Aono Y, Mochizuki D, Fujisawa Y, Matsushita A, Ishigami M, Ishiyama H, Hayakawa K. Practical use of a plastic scintillator for quality assurance of electron beam therapy. Phys Med Biol 2017; 62:4551-4570. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa67cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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