1
|
Liu X, Sun C, Wang Q, Li P, Zhao T, Li Q. Sp1 Upregulation Bolsters the Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Cells by Promoting Double Strand Breaks Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10658. [PMID: 37445835 PMCID: PMC10342049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance remains a critical obstacle in the clinical management of glioblastoma (GBM) by radiotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance to improve patient response to radiotherapy and increase the treatment efficacy. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) in the radioresistance of GBM cells. Different human GBM cell lines and tumor-bearing mice were exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Cell survival was determined by the colony formation assay. The expression of genes and proteins in the cells and tissues was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The γ-H2AX, p-Sp1 and dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs phospho S2056) foci were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. Sp1 was upregulated after IR in vitro and in vivo and knocking down Sp1-sensitized GBM cells to IR. Sp1 activated the DNA-PKcs promoter and increased its expression and activity. Furthermore, the loss of Sp1 delayed double-strand breaks (DSB) repair and increased IR-induced apoptosis of GBM cells. Taken together, IR upregulates Sp1 expression in GBM cells, enhancing the activity of DNA-PKcs and promoting IR-induced DSB repair, thereby leading to increased radioresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ping Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (X.L.); (T.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nisar S, Masoodi T, Prabhu KS, Kuttikrishnan S, Zarif L, Khatoon S, Ali S, Uddin S, Akil AAS, Singh M, Macha MA, Bhat AA. Natural products as chemo-radiation therapy sensitizers in cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113610. [PMID: 36030591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy (CT), and/or radiation therapy (RT) are the treatment of choice for most advanced tumors. Unfortunately, treatment failure due to intrinsic and acquired resistance to the current CT and RT is a significant challenge associated with poor patient prognosis. There is an urgent need to develop and identify agents that can sensitize tumor cells to chemo-radiation therapy (CRT) with minimal cytotoxicity to the healthy tissues. While many recent studies have identified the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for CRT failure, using small molecule inhibitors to chemo/radio sensitize tumors is associated with high toxicity and increased morbidity. Natural products have long been used as chemopreventive agents in many cancers. Combining many of these compounds with the standard chemotherapeutic agents or with RT has shown synergistic effects on cancer cell death and overall improvement in patient survival. Based on the available data, there is strong evidence that natural products have a robust therapeutic potential along with CRT and their well-known chemopreventive effects in many solid tumors. This review article reports updated literature on different natural products used as CT or RT sensitizers in many solid tumors. This is the first review discussing CT and RT sensitizers together in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Depertment of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Cancer immunology and genetics, Sidra Medicine, Qatar
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar
| | - Lubna Zarif
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar
| | - Summaiya Khatoon
- Depertment of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahid Ali
- International Potato Center (CIP), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Depertment of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Depertment of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cayetano-Salazar L, Olea-Flores M, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Fernández-Tilapa G, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Ortuño-Pineda C, Navarro-Tito N. Natural isoflavonoids in invasive cancer therapy: From bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4092-4110. [PMID: 33720455 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, and one of the crucial steps within tumor progression is the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, which are directly related to cancer-associated deaths in patients. Recognizing the molecular markers involved in invasion and metastasis is essential to find targeted therapies in cancer. Interestingly, about 50% of the discovered drugs used in chemotherapy have been obtained from natural sources such as plants, including isoflavonoids. Until now, most drugs are used in chemotherapy targeting proliferation and apoptosis-related molecules. Here, we review recent studies about the effect of isoflavonoids on molecular targets and signaling pathways related to invasion and metastasis in cancer cell cultures, in vivo assays, and clinical trials. This review also reports that glycitein, daidzein, and genistein are the isoflavonoids most studied in preclinical and clinical trials and displayed the most anticancer activity targeting invasion-related proteins such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 and also EMT-associated proteins. Therefore, the diversity of isoflavonoids is promising molecules to be used as chemotherapeutic in invasive cancer. In the future, more clinical trials are needed to validate the effectiveness of the various natural isoflavonoids in the treatment of invasive cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cayetano-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miriam D Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Ana E Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lagunas-Rangel FA, Bermúdez-Cruz RM. Natural Compounds That Target DNA Repair Pathways and Their Therapeutic Potential to Counteract Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598174. [PMID: 33330091 PMCID: PMC7710985 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to current cancer treatments is an important problem that arises through various mechanisms, but one that stands out involves an overexpression of several factors associated with DNA repair. To counteract this type of resistance, different drugs have been developed to affect one or more DNA repair pathways, therefore, to test different compounds of natural origin that have been shown to induce cell death in cancer cells is paramount. Since natural compounds target components of the DNA repair pathways, they have been shown to promote cancer cells to be resensitized to current treatments. For this and other reasons, natural compounds have aroused great curiosity and several research projects are being developed around the world to establish combined treatments between them and radio or chemotherapy. In this work, we summarize the effects of different natural compounds on the DNA repair mechanisms of cancer cells and emphasize their possible application to re-sensitize these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Bermúdez-Cruz
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Genistein inhibits radiation-induced invasion and migration of glioblastoma cells by blocking the DNA-PKcs/Akt2/Rac1 signaling pathway. Radiother Oncol 2020; 155:93-104. [PMID: 33129924 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiotherapy is the most important therapeutic measure against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is regarded as the most common and highly lethal type of brain cancer. Nevertheless, most relapses originate in the close vicinity of the irradiated target volume. Genistein is a natural product that can suppress the invasive potential of cancer cells. In this study, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)-proficient and -deficient GBM cells were selected for in vitro and in vivo studies to investigate the inhibiting effects of genistein on radiation-induced invasion and migration and the corresponding mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS GBM cell lines with or without genistein pre-treatment were irradiated with X-rays. Cell survival was determined using colony formation assay and the rate of cellular proliferation was analyzed with a real-time cell electronic sensing system. For in vitro study, invasion and migration abilities were evaluated via wound-healing and transwell assays, while protein expression was determined with western blotting. Genistein interaction with DNA-PKcs was estimated with pull-down, recombinant and binding assays. For in vivo study, cells were stereotactically injected into NOD-SCID mice to establish tumors. Hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the invasive potential of GBM. RESULTS X-ray irradiation enhanced the migration and invasion of DNA-PKcs-positive but not DNA-PKcs-negative GBM cells. It also activated the DNA-PKcs/Akt2/Rac1 signaling pathway, which contributed to GBM malignant progression by aggravating GBM cell invasive potential. The study successfully demonstrated that genistein can specifically bind to DNA-PKcs and block the DNA-PKcs/Akt2/Rac1 pathway, thereby effectively inhibiting radiation-induced invasion and migration of GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The present study emphasized that radiation-induced invasive potential is initiated by DNA-PKcs, which is a well-known double strand breaks (DSB) repair protein, and determined the exact site for genistein binding to DNA-PKcs. CONCLUSION DNA-PKcs is not only a potential target for cancer therapy, but also a reliable biomarker for predicting radiation-induced invasion and migration of GBM cells. Thus, genistein might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating GBM.
Collapse
|
6
|
Crumbaker M, Pathmanandavel S, Yam AO, Nguyen A, Ho B, Chan L, Ende JA, Rofe C, Kongrak K, Kwan EM, Azad AA, Sharma S, Pugh TJ, Danesh A, Keane J, Eu P, Joshua AM, Emmett L. Phase I/II Trial of the Combination of 177Lutetium Prostate specific Membrane Antigen 617 and Idronoxil (NOX66) in Men with End-stage Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (LuPIN). Eur Urol Oncol 2020; 4:963-970. [PMID: 32758400 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trials of lutetium prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have demonstrated good safety and efficacy, but combination strategies may improve outcomes. Idronoxil is a synthetic flavonoid derivative with radiosensitising properties. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and activity of 177Lu PSMA 617 (LuPSMA-617) in combination with idronoxil suppositories (NOX66) in patients with end-stage mCRPC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two men with progressive mCRPC previously treated with taxane-based chemotherapy (91% treated with both docetaxel and cabazitaxel) and abiraterone and/or enzalutamide were enrolled in this phase I dose escalation study with phase II dose expansion. INTERVENTION Screening with 68Ga PSMA and 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) was performed. Men received up to six cycles of LuPSMA-617 (7.5 GBq) on day 1, with escalating doses of NOX66 on days 1-10 of a 6-wk cycle. Cohort 1 (n = 8) received 400 mg and cohort 2 (n = 24) 800 mg of NOX66. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Adverse events (AEs), pain inventory scores, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Fifty-six men were screened and 32 (57%) were enrolled with a screen failure rate of 21% for PET imaging criteria. Dosing was as follows: 97% (31/32) received two or more doses and 47% (15/32) completed six doses. Common AEs included xerostomia, fatigue, and anaemia. Anal irritation attributable to NOX66 occurred in 28%. PSA responses were as follows: 91% (29/32) had any PSA response (median -74%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 76-97) and 62.5% (20/32) had a PSA fall of >50% (95% CI 45-77). The median PSA progression-free survival was 6.1 mo (95% CI 2.8-9.2) and median overall survival was 17.1 mo (95% CI 6.5-27.1). CONCLUSIONS NOX66 with LuPSMA-617 is a safe and feasible therapeutic strategy in men treated with third-line therapy and beyond for mCRPC. PATIENT SUMMARY Addition of NOX66 to 177Lu prostate-specific membrane antigen 617 is safe, and further studies are needed to assess its potential to augment the anticancer effects of LuPSMA-617.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Crumbaker
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Andrew O Yam
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Nguyen
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyn Chan
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Jesse A Ende
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Rofe
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamonwan Kongrak
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Edmond M Kwan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Arun A Azad
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arnavaz Danesh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne Keane
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Eu
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony M Joshua
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise Emmett
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan H, Jiang J, Du A, Gao J, Zhang D, Song L. Genistein Enhances Radiosensitivity of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Inducing G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis. Radiat Res 2020; 193:286-300. [PMID: 32017668 DOI: 10.1667/rr15380.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
New radiosensitizers are urgently needed for radiation therapy patients with localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is refractory to radical surgery. We previously found that genistein, a major soy isoflavone, exerts radioprotective effects on L-02 normal liver cells at low concentrations. Here, we report that 5 µM genistein shows less harm to L-02 cells than HCC cells and that it significantly enhances the radiosensitivity of HCC cells by enhancing DNA damage, chromosomal aberrations and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and by exacerbating apoptosis. Mechanistically, genistein aggravates X-ray-induced decreases in the levels of phospho-Bad (Ser136) but enhances the levels of phospho-Chk2 (Thr68), phospho-ATM (Ser1981) and γ-H2AX. Micro-array analysis indicated that downregulation of POU6F and CCNE2 expression and upregulation of FBXO32 and cyclin B1 expression might play vital roles in genistein-induced radiosensitivity. These findings suggest genistein as an interesting candidate for adjuvant radiotherapy for HCC and indicate that genistein causes less harm to normal cells than HCC cells by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Aiying Du
- Department of Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinli Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daisong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Penglai People's Hospital, Penglai 265600, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lihua Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dukaew N, Konishi T, Chairatvit K, Autsavapromporn N, Soonthornchareonnon N, Wongnoppavich A. Enhancement of Radiosensitivity by Eurycomalactone in Human NSCLC Cells Through G₂/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Delayed DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. Oncol Res 2019; 28:161-175. [PMID: 31727206 PMCID: PMC7851521 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15736439848765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an important treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the major obstacles to successful RT include the low radiosensitivity of cancer cells and the restricted radiation dose, which is given without damaging normal tissues. Therefore, the sensitizer that increases RT efficacy without dose escalation will be beneficial for NSCLC treatment. Eurycomalactone (ECL), an active quassinoid isolated from Eurycoma longifolia Jack, has been demonstrated to possess anticancer activity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of ECL on sensitizing NSCLC cells to X-radiation (X-ray) as well as the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that ECL exhibited selective cytotoxicity against the NSCLC cells A549 and COR-L23 compared to the normal lung fibroblast. Clonogenic survival results indicated that ECL treatment prior to irradiation synergistically decreased the A549 and COR-L23 colony number. ECL treatment reduced the expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1/2 leading to induce cell cycle arrest at the radiosensitive G₂/M phase. Moreover, ECL markedly delayed the repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In A549 cells, pretreatment with ECL not only delayed the resolving of radiation-induced γ-H2AX foci but also blocked the formation of 53BP1 foci at the DSB sites. In addition, ECL pretreatment attenuated the expression of DNA repair proteins Ku-80 and KDM4D in both NSCLC cells. Consequently, these effects led to an increase in apoptosis in irradiated cells. Thus, ECL radiosensitized the NSCLC cells to X-ray via G₂/M arrest induction and delayed the repair of X-ray-induced DSBs. This study offers a great potential for ECL as an alternative safer radiosensitizer for increasing the RT efficiency against NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahathai Dukaew
- Graduate/PhD's Degree Program in Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Teruaki Konishi
- Single Cell Radiation Biology Group, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST)ChibaJapan
| | | | - Narongchai Autsavapromporn
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh VK, Arora D, Ansari MI, Sharma PK. Phytochemicals based chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies and modern technologies to overcome limitations for better clinical applications. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3064-3089. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vipendra Kumar Singh
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
| | - Deepika Arora
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Material and Measurement LaboratoryNational Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg 20899 Maryland USA
| | - Mohammad Imran Ansari
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Q, Ma J, Sun J, Yang L, Yang F, Zhang W, Li R, Wang L, Wang Y, Wang H. Genistein and AG1024 synergistically increase the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:579-588. [PMID: 29901146 PMCID: PMC6072286 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiosensitivity of prostate cancer (PCa) cells promotes the curative treatment for PCa. The present study was designed to investigate the synergistic effect of genistein and AG1024 on the radiosensitivity of PCa cells. The optimal X-irradiation dose (4 Gy) and genistein concentration (30 µM) were selected by using the CCK-8 assay. Before X-irradiation (4 Gy), PC3 and DU145 cells were treated with genistein (30 µM), AG1024 (10 µM) and their combination. All treatments significantly reduced cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis. Using flow cytometric analysis, we found that genistein arrested the cell cycle at S phase and AG1024 arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase. Genistein treatment suppressed the homologous recombination (HRR) and the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathways by inhibiting the expression of Rad51 and Ku70, and AG1024 treatment only inhibited the NHEJ pathway via the inactivation of Ku70 as detected by western blot analysis. Moreover, the combination treatment with genistein and AG1024 more effectively radiosensitized PCa cells than single treatments by suppressing cell proliferation, enhancing cell apoptosis and inactivating the HRR and NHEJ pathways. In vivo experiments demonstrated that animals receiving the combination treatment with genistein and AG1024 displayed obviously decreased tumor volume compared with animals treated with single treatment with either genistein or AG1024. We conclude that the combination of genistein (30 µM) and AG1024 (10 µM) exhibited a synergistic effect on the radiosensitivity of PCa cells by suppressing the HRR and NHEJ pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qisheng Tang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Sun
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Ruixiao Li
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710038, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu X, Li P, Hirayama R, Niu Y, Liu X, Chen W, Jin X, Zhang P, Ye F, Zhao T, Liu B, Li Q. Genistein sensitizes glioblastoma cells to carbon ions via inhibiting DNA-PKcs phosphorylation and subsequently repressing NHEJ and delaying HR repair pathways. Radiother Oncol 2018; 129:84-94. [PMID: 29685705 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previously, we found genistein could sensitize cancer cells to low linear energy transfer (LET) X-rays via inhibiting DNA-PKcs activities. Especially, high-LET heavy ion produces more DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) than low-LET radiation. Thus, the study was designed to investigate the detailed molecular mechanisms of genistein on sensitizing cancer cells to heavy ions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines with or without genistein pre-treatment were irradiated with high-LET carbon ions. Cell survival was determined with colony formation assay. DNA DSBs were evaluated by means of detecting γ-H2AX foci and immuno-blotting DSB repair proteins, cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin V and PI staining. The interaction of genistein with DNA-PKcs activation site was estimated by molecular docking in the autodock software. RESULTS Genistein sensitized DNA-PKcs proficient GBM cells to high-LET carbon ions via delaying the clearance of γ-H2AX foci. Genistein was physically bound to DNA-PKcs and functionally inhibited the phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs. Consequently, the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair of DSBs was inhibited and the homologous recombination (HR) repair was delayed by genistein, thereby leading to an increase in apoptosis in DNA-PKcs proficient GBM cells after irradiation. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that genistein holds promise as a radiosensitizer for enhancing the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy against DNA-PKcs proficient GBM via inhibiting DNA-PKcs phosphorylation and subsequently repressing NHEJ and delaying HR repair pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ryoichi Hirayama
- Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuzhen Niu
- Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xinguo Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang Q, Wu J, Luo Y, Huang N, Zhen N, Zhou Y, Sun F, Li Z, Pan Q, Li Y. (-)-Guaiol regulates RAD51 stability via autophagy to induce cell apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62585-62597. [PMID: 27566579 PMCID: PMC5308748 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Guaiol, generally known as an antibacterial compound, has been found in many medicinal plants. Its roles in tumor suppression are still under investigation. In the study, we mainly focused on exploring its applications in dealing with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that (-)-Guaiol significantly inhibits cell growth of NSCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Further high throughput analysis reveals that RAD51, a pivotal factor in homologous recombination repair, is a potential target for it. The following mechanism studies show that (-)-Guaiol is involved in cell autophagy to regulate the expression of RAD51, leading to double-strand breaks triggered cell apoptosis. Moreover, targeting RAD51, which is highly overexpressed in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues, can significantly increase the chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells to (-)-Guaiol both in vitro and in vivo. All in all, our studies provide an attractive insight in applying (-)-Guaiol into NSCLC treatments and further suggest that knockdown of oncogenic RAD51 will greatly enhance the chemosensitivity of patients with NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jianchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yingbin Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ni Zhen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yangpu Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Central Laboratory, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Inducers of Senescence, Toxic Compounds, and Senolytics: The Multiple Faces of Nrf2-Activating Phytochemicals in Cancer Adjuvant Therapy. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4159013. [PMID: 29618945 PMCID: PMC5829354 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4159013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactivation of senescence in cancer and the subsequent clearance of senescent cells are suggested as therapeutic intervention in the eradication of cancer. Several natural compounds that activate Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2) pathway, which is involved in complex cytoprotective responses, have been paradoxically shown to induce cell death or senescence in cancer. Promoting the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway may be desirable for chemoprevention, but it might be detrimental in later stages and advanced cancers. However, senolytic activity shown by some Nrf2-activating compounds could be used to target senescent cancer cells (particularly in aged immune-depressed organisms) that escape immunosurveillance. We herein describe in vitro and in vivo effects of fifteen Nrf2-interacting natural compounds (tocotrienols, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, resveratrol, silybin, phenethyl isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, triptolide, allicin, berberine, piperlongumine, fisetin, and phloretin) on cellular senescence and discuss their use in adjuvant cancer therapy. In light of available literature, it can be concluded that the meaning and the potential of adjuvant therapy with natural compounds in humans remain unclear, also taking into account the existence of few clinical trials mostly characterized by uncertain results. Further studies are needed to investigate the therapeutic potential of those compounds that display senolytic activity.
Collapse
|