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Iseri T, Tanabe Y, Onizuka R, Torigoe Y, Horikirizono H, Itamoto K, Sunahara H, Itoh H, Tani K, Nakaichi M. A Monte Carlo study on dose distribution of an orthovoltage radiation therapy system. Phys Eng Sci Med 2023; 46:623-632. [PMID: 36940063 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-023-01237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
It is important to plan radiotherapy treatment and establish optimal dose distribution to reduce the chances of side effects and injury. Because there are no commercially available tools for calculating dose distribution in orthovoltage radiotherapy in companion animals, we developed an algorithm to accomplish this and verified its characteristics using tumor disease cases. First, we used the Monte Carlo method to develop an algorithm to calculate the dose distribution of orthovoltage radiotherapy (280 kVp; MBR-320, Hitachi Medical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) using BEAMnrc at our clinic. Using development of Monte Carlo method, dose distribution for tumor and normal organs were evaluated in brain tumors, squamous cell carcinomas of the head, and feline nasal lymphomas. In all cases of brain tumors, the mean dose delivered to the GTV ranged from 36.2 to 76.1% of the prescribed dose due to the decrease through the skull. In the nasal lymphoma in cats, the eyes with covered a 2 mm-thick lead plate, the respective average dose to the eyes was 71.8% and 89.9% less than that to the uncovered eyes. The findings may be useful for informed decision making in orthovoltage radiotherapy with more effective and targeted irradiation and data collection allowing detailed informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshie Iseri
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi, Yamagishi, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Tanabe
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryouta Onizuka
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuri Torigoe
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi, Yamagishi, Japan
| | - Hiro Horikirizono
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi, Yamagishi, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Itamoto
- Animal medical center, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sunahara
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Harumichi Itoh
- Animal medical center, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kenji Tani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Munekazu Nakaichi
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi, Yamagishi, Japan
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Wang W, Zhao J, Zhang C, Zhang W, Jin M, Shao Y. Current advances in the selection of adjuvant radiotherapy regimens for keloid. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1043840. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1043840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a common benign skin tumor in the outpatient department, and patients are often accompanied by itching and pain. Since the pathogenesis is unknown, the effect of single method treatment is unsatisfactory, and therefore the recurrence rate is high. Therefore, comprehensive treatment is mostly used in clinical treatment. Adjuvant radiotherapy is currently one of the most effective treatments for keloid. After long-term clinical practice, brachytherapy and electron beam radiotherapy has increasingly become the gold standard of treatment, because brachytherapy provides more focused radiation treatment to focal tissue to significantly reduce recurrence rate, and better preserve normal tissue. With the development of new radiotherapy techniques, more options for the treatment of keloid. Currently, adjuvant radiotherapy has been widely recognized, but there is no consensus on the optimal protocol for adjuvant radiotherapy for keloids. This review provides a review of published treatment options and new radiotherapy techniques for adjuvant radiotherapy of keloids and gives a comprehensive evaluation for clinical treatment.
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Quantitative comparison of different dosimetry methods in orthovoltage X-ray therapy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Radiation therapy modalities for keloid management: a critical review. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:2455-2465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kang M, Hasan S, Press RH, Yu F, Abdo M, Xiong W, Choi JI, Simone CB, Lin H. Using patient-specific bolus for pencil beam scanning proton treatment of periorbital disease. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2020; 22:203-209. [PMID: 33369041 PMCID: PMC7856513 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A unique mantle cell lymphoma case with bilateral periorbital disease unresponsive to chemotherapy and with dosimetry not conducive to electron therapy was treated with pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy. This patient presented treatment planning challenges due to the thin target, immediately adjacent organs at risk (OAR), and nonconformal orbital surface anatomy. Therefore, we developed a patient‐specific bolus and hypothesized that it would provide superior setup robustness, dose uniformity and dose conformity. Materials/Methods A blue‐wax patient‐specific bolus was generated from the patient's face contour to conform to his face and eliminate air gaps. A relative stopping power ratio (RSP) of 0.972 was measured for the blue‐wax, and the HUs were overridden accordingly in the treatment planning system (TPS). Orthogonal kV images were used for bony alignment and then to ensure positioning of the bolus through fiducial markers attached to the bolus and their contours in TPS. Daily CBCT was used to confirm the position of the bolus in relation to the patient's surface. Dosimetric characteristics were compared between (a) nonbolus, (b) conventional gel bolus and (c) patient‐specific bolus plans. An in‐house developed workflow for assessment of daily treatment dose based on CBCT images was used to evaluate inter‐fraction dose accumulation. Results The patient was treated to 24 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE) in 2 CGE daily fractions to the bilateral periorbital skin, constraining at least 50% of each lacrimal gland to under 20 Gy. The bolus increased proton beam range by adding 2–3 energy layers of different fields to help achieve better dose uniformity and adequate dose coverage. In contrast to the plan with conventional gel bolus, dose uniformity was significantly improved with patient‐specific bolus. The global maximum dose was reduced by 7% (from 116% to 109%). The max and mean doses were reduced by 6.0% and 7.7%, respectively, for bilateral retinas, and 3.0% and 13.9% for bilateral lacrimal glands. The max dose of the lens was reduced by 2.1%. The rigid shape, along with lightweight, and smooth fit to the patient face was well tolerated and reported as “very comfortable” by the patient. The daily position accuracy of the bolus was within 1 mm based on IGRT marker alignment. The daily dose accumulation indicates that the target coverage and OAR doses were highly consistent with the planning intention. Conclusion Our patient‐specific blue‐wax bolus significantly increased dose uniformity, reduced OAR doses, and maintained consistent setup accuracy compared to conventional bolus. Quality PBS proton treatment for periorbital tumors and similar challenging thin and shallow targets can be achieved using such patient‐specific bolus with robustness on both setup and dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francis Yu
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Haibo Lin
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY, USA
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Rosado PH, Salata C, David MG, Mantuano A, Pickler A, Mota CL, de Almeida CE. Determination of the absorbed dose to water for medium-energy x-ray beams using Fricke dosimetry. Med Phys 2020; 47:5802-5809. [PMID: 32964481 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE For x-ray beams in the low and medium energy range, reference dosimetry is established in terms of air kerma. Fricke dosimetry has shown great potential in the absolute measurements of the absorbed dose to water for high-energy ranges. Therefore, the main purpose of this work was to compare the absorbed dose to water for medium-energy x-ray beams obtained through Fricke dosimetry with that obtained from the air kerma rate. METHODS To determine the absorbed dose to water using Fricke dosimetry, the polyethylene bags methodology was chosen. Fricke solution was irradiated at four different beam qualities. The absorbed dose to water values obtained using Fricke dosimetry were compared to those obtained using the standard protocol, using the Z-score. RESULTS Values of the Z-score were <2 for all measurements of absorbed dose to water, which means that the values obtained using Fricke dosimetry are equivalent to those obtained using the reference protocol. The combined standard uncertainty for the absorbed dose to water obtained by Fricke dosimetry was lower than that obtained with the ionization chamber. CONCLUSIONS Chemical dosimetry using a standard FeSO4 solution has been demonstrated to be a potential option as a standard for the quantity absorbed dose to water for medium kV x-ray qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Rosado
- Brazilian National Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory, Radioprotection and Dosimetry Institute (IRD), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Medical and Research Facilities, National Nuclear Energy Authority (CNEN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Salata
- Department of Medical and Research Facilities, National Nuclear Energy Authority (CNEN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Radiological Sciences Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariano Gazineu David
- Polytechnic Institute of the Rio de Janeiro State University (IPRJ/UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Mantuano
- Radiological Sciences Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arissa Pickler
- Radiological Sciences Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Lemos Mota
- Radiological Sciences Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Physics Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E de Almeida
- Radiological Sciences Department, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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