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Maruthachalam R. Haploids fast-track hybrid plant breeding. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:530-532. [PMID: 38499775 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Maruthachalam
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
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Sugi N, Maruyama D. Exploring Novel Polytubey Reproduction Pathways Utilizing Cumulative Genetic Tools. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:454-460. [PMID: 36943745 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In the anthers and ovaries of flowers, pollen grains and embryo sacs are produced with uniform cell compositions. This stable gametogenesis enables elaborate interactions between male and female gametophytes after pollination, forming the highly successful sexual reproduction system in flowering plants. As most ovules are fertilized with a single pollen tube, the resulting genome set in the embryo and endosperm is determined in a single pattern by independent fertilization of the egg cell and central cell by two sperm cells. However, if ovules receive four sperm cells from two pollen tubes, the expected options for genome sets in the developing seeds would more than double. In wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana plants, around 5% of ovules receive two pollen tubes. Recent studies have elucidated the abnormal fertilization in supernumerary pollen tubes and sperm cells related to polytubey, polyspermy, heterofertilization and fertilization recovery. Analyses of model plants have begun to uncover the mechanisms underlying this new pollen tube biology. Here, we review unusual fertilization phenomena and propose several breeding applications for flowering plants. These arguments contribute to the remodeling of plant reproduction, a challenging concept that alters typical plant fertilization by utilizing the current genetic toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Sugi
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813 Japan
| | - Daisuke Maruyama
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813 Japan
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Ahmadli U, Kalidass M, Khaitova LC, Fuchs J, Cuacos M, Demidov D, Zuo S, Pecinkova J, Mascher M, Ingouff M, Heckmann S, Houben A, Riha K, Lermontova I. High temperature increases centromere-mediated genome elimination frequency and enhances haploid induction in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100507. [PMID: 36540022 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Double haploid production is the most effective way to create true-breeding lines in a single generation. In Arabidopsis, haploid induction via mutation of the centromere-specific histone H3 (cenH3) has been shown when the mutant is outcrossed to the wild-type, and the wild-type genome remains in the haploid progeny. However, factors that affect haploid induction are still poorly understood. Here, we report that a mutant of the cenH3 assembly factor Kinetochore Null2 (KNL2) can be used as a haploid inducer when pollinated by the wild-type. We discovered that short-term temperature stress of the knl2 mutant increased the efficiency of haploid induction 10-fold. We also demonstrated that a point mutation in the CENPC-k motif of KNL2 is sufficient to generate haploid-inducing lines, suggesting that haploid-inducing lines in crops can be identified in a naturally occurring or chemically induced mutant population, avoiding the generic modification (GM) approach at any stage. Furthermore, a cenh3-4 mutant functioned as a haploid inducer in response to short-term heat stress, even though it did not induce haploids under standard conditions. Thus, we identified KNL2 as a new target gene for the generation of haploid-inducer lines and showed that exposure of centromeric protein mutants to high temperature strongly increases their haploid induction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulkar Ahmadli
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Manikandan Kalidass
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Lucie Crhak Khaitova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Joerg Fuchs
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Maria Cuacos
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Dmitri Demidov
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Sheng Zuo
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pecinkova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Mathieu Ingouff
- CIRAD, DIADE, IRD, University of Montpellier, 34393 Montpellier, France
| | - Stefan Heckmann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Andreas Houben
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Karel Riha
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inna Lermontova
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany.
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Kumar K, Shinde A, Aeron V, Verma A, Arif NS. Genetic engineering of plants for phytoremediation: advances and challenges. JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 32:12-30. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s13562-022-00776-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Kumon T, Lampson MA. Evolution of eukaryotic centromeres by drive and suppression of selfish genetic elements. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 128:51-60. [PMID: 35346579 PMCID: PMC9232976 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the universal requirement for faithful chromosome segregation, eukaryotic centromeres are rapidly evolving. It is hypothesized that rapid centromere evolution represents an evolutionary arms race between selfish genetic elements that drive, or propagate at the expense of organismal fitness, and mechanisms that suppress fitness costs. Selfish centromere DNA achieves preferential inheritance in female meiosis by recruiting more effector proteins that alter spindle microtubule interaction dynamics. Parallel pathways for effector recruitment are adaptively evolved to suppress functional differences between centromeres. Opportunities to drive are not limited to female meiosis, and selfish transposons, plasmids and B chromosomes also benefit by maximizing their inheritance. Rapid evolution of selfish genetic elements can diversify suppressor mechanisms in different species that may cause hybrid incompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kumon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael A Lampson
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Mir R, Calabuig-Serna A, Seguí-Simarro JM. Doubled Haploids in Eggplant. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:685. [PMID: 34356540 PMCID: PMC8301345 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Eggplant is a solanaceous crop cultivated worldwide for its edible fruit. Eggplant breeding programs are mainly aimed to the generation of F1 hybrids by crossing two highly homozygous, pure lines, which are traditionally obtained upon several self crossing generations, which is an expensive and time consuming process. Alternatively, fully homozygous, doubled haploid (DH) individuals can be induced from haploid cells of the germ line in a single generation. Several attempts have been made to develop protocols to produce eggplant DHs principally using anther culture and isolated microspore culture. Eggplant could be considered a moderately recalcitrant species in terms of ability for DH production. Anther culture stands nowadays as the most valuable technology to obtain eggplant DHs. However, the theoretical possibility of having plants regenerated from somatic tissues of the anther walls cannot be ruled out. For this reason, the use of isolated microspores is recommended when possible. This approach still has room for improvement, but it is largely genotype-dependent. In this review, we compile the most relevant advances made in DH production in eggplant, their application to breeding programs, and the future perspectives for the development of other, less genotype-dependent, DH technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jose M. Seguí-Simarro
- Cell Biology Group—COMAV Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46011 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (A.C.-S.)
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