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Mizuki M, Kaneko Y, Yukie Y, Suyama Y, Hirota SK, Sawa S, Kubo M, Yamawo A, Sasabe M, Ikeda H. Evolution of secondary metabolites, morphological structures and associated gene expression patterns in galls induced by four closely related aphid species on a host plant species. Mol Ecol 2024:e17466. [PMID: 39022998 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Gall-forming insects induce various types of galls on their host plants by altering gene expression in host plant organs, and recent studies have been conducted for gene expression in galls. However, the evolutionary trajectories of gene expression patterns and the resulting phenotypes have not yet been studied using multiple related species. We investigated the speciation and the diversification process of galls induced by four closely related aphid species (Hormaphidini) on a host plant species (Hamamelis japonica) by examining the phylogenetic congruence between the geographical divergences of aphids and the host plant, and by comparing their gene expression patterns and resulting phenotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of aphids and the host plant showed that geographical isolation among host plant populations has interrupted gene flow in aphids and accelerated the speciation process. The concentration of phenolics and the complexity of the internal structure of galls were correlated with the expression levels of genes for the biosynthesis of phenolics and morphogenesis respectively. These results suggest that the expression levels of genes for the biosynthesis of phenolics and morphogenesis have evolutionarily increased in galls accelerated by the speciation process of aphids due to the distribution change of the host plant, leading to the related phenotypic evolution. Our study showed the evolutionary process of phenotypic traits in galls in the wild from both gene expression and actual phenotype levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Mizuki
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Ina Research Inc., Ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yohei Kaneko
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Dazaifu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihisa Suyama
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shun K Hirota
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Miyagi, Japan
- Botanical Gardens, Osaka Metropolitan University, Katano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- International Research Center for Agricultural and Environmental Biology (IRCAEB), Kumamoto Universrity | International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Kubo
- Center for Digital Green-Innovation, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Akira Yamawo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Michiko Sasabe
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Vlot AC, Rosenkranz M. Volatile compounds-the language of all kingdoms? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:445-448. [PMID: 35024870 PMCID: PMC8757488 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Corina Vlot
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maaria Rosenkranz
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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