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Luo J, Chen Z, Huang R, Wu Y, Liu C, Cai Z, Dong R, Arango J, Rao IM, Schultze-Kraft R, Liu G, Liu P. Multi-omics analysis reveals the roles of purple acid phosphatases in organic phosphorus utilization by the tropical legume Stylosanthes guianensis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:729-746. [PMID: 37932930 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical legume known for its exceptional tolerance to low phosphate (Pi), a trait believed to be linked to its high acid phosphatase (APase) activity. Previous studies have observed genotypic variations in APase activity in stylo; however, the gene encoding the crucial APase responsible for this variation remains unidentified. In this study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were employed to identify eight Pi starvation-inducible (PSI) APases belonging to the purple APase (PAP) family in the roots of stylo and seven in the leaves. Among these PSI-PAPs, SgPAP7 exhibited a significantly positive correlation in its expression levels with the activities of both internal APase and root-associated APase across 20 stylo genotypes under low-Pi conditions. Furthermore, the recombinant SgPAP7 displayed high catalytic activity toward adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in vitro. Overexpression (OE) of SgPAP7 in Arabidopsis facilitated exogenous organic phosphorus utilization. Moreover, SgPAP7 OE lines showed lower shoot ADP and PEP levels than the wild type, implying that SgPAP7 is involved in the catabolism and recycling of endogenous ADP and PEP, which could be beneficial for plant growth in low-Pi soils. In conclusion, SgPAP7 is a key gene with a major role in stylo adaptation to low-Pi conditions by facilitating the utilization of both exogenous and endogenous organic phosphorus sources. It may also function as a PEP phosphatase involved in a glycolytic bypass pathway that minimizes the need for adenylates and Pi. Thus, SgPAP7 could be a promising target for improving tolerance of crops to low-Pi availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Luo
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Yuanhang Wu
- College of Tropical Crops & College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops & College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zeping Cai
- College of Tropical Crops & College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Rongshu Dong
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jacobo Arango
- Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, 763537, Colombia
| | - Idupulapati Madhusudana Rao
- Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, 763537, Colombia
| | - Rainer Schultze-Kraft
- Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, 763537, Colombia
| | - Guodao Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Pandao Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
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Liu Y, Li C, Zhang D, Huang S, Wang Y, Wang E, Zhu L, Chen M, Zhang X, Yuan R, Zhang L, Wang W, Jia Q, Liu Z, Zhang Y. SlPHL1 positively modulates acid phosphatase in response to phosphate starvation by directly activating the genes SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 in tomato. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14197. [PMID: 38344855 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Increased acid phosphatase (APase) activity is a prominent feature of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) responses to inorganic phosphate (Pi) restriction. SlPHL1, a phosphate starvation response (PHR) transcription factor, has been identified as a positive regulator of low Pi (LP)-induced APase activity in tomato. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, SlPHL1 was found to positively regulate the LP-induced expression of five potential purple acid phosphatase (PAP) genes, namely SlPAP7, SlPAP10b, SlPAP12, SlPAP15, and SlPAP17b. Furthermore, we provide evidence that SlPHL1 can stimulate transcription of these five genes by binding directly to the PHR1 binding sequence (P1BS) located on their promoters. The P1BS mutation notably weakened SlPHL1 binding to the promoters of SlPAP7, SlPAP12, and SlPAP17b but almost completely abolished SlPHL1 binding to the promoters of SlPAP10b and SlPAP15. As a result, the transcriptional activation of SlPHL1 on SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 was substantially diminished. In addition, not only did transient overexpression of either SlPAP10b or SlPAP15 in tobacco leaves increase APase activity, but overexpression of SlPAP15 in Arabidopsis and tomato also increased APase activity and promoted plant growth. Subsequently, two SPX proteins, SlSPX1 and SlSPX4, were shown to physically interact with SlPHL1. Moreover, SlSPX1 inhibited the transcriptional activation of SlPHL1 on SlPAP10b and SlPAP15 and negatively regulated the activity of APase. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SlPHL1-mediated LP signaling promotes APase activity by activating the transcription of SlPAP10b and SlPAP15, which may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of tomato response to Pi-limited stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengquan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Duanmei Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaoxuan Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Enhui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingxue Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lang Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongjuan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Zamani K, Mohsenpour M, Malboobi MA. Predicting the allergenic risk of Phosphite-NAD +-Oxidoreductase and purple acid phosphatase 17 proteins in genetically modified canola using bioinformatic approaches. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114094. [PMID: 37925014 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the generation of high-throughput multi-omics data have provided a vast array of candidate genes for the genetic engineering of plants. However, as part of their safety assessment, newly expressed proteins in genetically modified crops must be evaluated for potential cross-reactivity with known allergens. In this study, we developed transgenic canola plants expressing the Arabidopsis thaliana PAP17 gene and a novel selectable marker composed of the ptxD gene from Pseudomonas stutzeri. To evaluate the potential allergenic cross-reactivity of the AtPAP17 and PTXD proteins expressed in transgenic canola, we applied a comprehensive approach utilizing sequence-based, motif-based, and 3D structure-based analyses. Our results demonstrate that the risk of conferring cross-reactivity with known allergens is negligible, indicating that the expression of these proteins in transgenic canola poses a low allergenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Zamani
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biosafety, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31359-33151, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Motahhareh Mohsenpour
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biosafety, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31359-33151, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Malboobi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
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Benidickson KH, Raytek LM, Hoover GJ, Flaherty EJ, Shelp BJ, Snedden WA, Plaxton WC. Glutamate decarboxylase-1 is essential for efficient acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana to nutritional phosphorus deprivation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2372-2385. [PMID: 37837235 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a Ca2+ -calmodulin-activated, cytosolic enzyme that produces γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) as the committed step of the GABA shunt. This pathway bypasses the 2-oxoglutarate to succinate reactions of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. GABA also accumulates during many plant stresses. We tested the hypothesis that AtGAD1 (At5G17330) facilitates Arabidopsis acclimation to Pi deprivation. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting revealed that AtGAD1 transcript and protein expression is primarily root-specific, but inducible at lower levels in shoots of Pi-deprived (-Pi) plants. Pi deprivation reduced levels of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (2-OGDH) cofactor thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) in shoots and roots by > 50%. Growth of -Pi atgad1 T-DNA mutants was significantly attenuated relative to wild-type plants. This was accompanied by: (i) an > 60% increase in shoot and root GABA levels of -Pi wild-type, but not atgad1 plants, and (ii) markedly elevated anthocyanin and reduced free and total Pi levels in leaves of -Pi atgad1 plants. Treatment with 10 mM GABA reversed the deleterious development of -Pi atgad1 plants. Our results indicate that AtGAD1 mediates GABA shunt upregulation during Pi deprivation. This bypass is hypothesized to circumvent ThDP-limited 2-OGDH activity to facilitate TCA cycle flux and respiration by -Pi Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Marie Raytek
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gordon J Hoover
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Edward J Flaherty
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Barry J Shelp
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Wayne A Snedden
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
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Bhadouria J, Mehra P, Verma L, Pazhamala LT, Rumi R, Panchal P, Sinha AK, Giri J. Root-Expressed Rice PAP3b Enhances Secreted APase Activity and Helps Utilize Organic Phosphate. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:501-518. [PMID: 36807470 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) deficiency leads to the induction of purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) in plants, which dephosphorylate organic phosphorus (P) complexes in the rhizosphere and intracellular compartments to release Pi. In this study, we demonstrate that OsPAP3b belongs to group III low-molecular weight PAP and is low Pi-responsive, preferentially in roots. The expression of OsPAP3b is negatively regulated with Pi resupply. Interestingly, OsPAP3b was found to be dual localized to the nucleus and secretome. Furthermore, OsPAP3b is transcriptionally regulated by OsPHR2 as substantiated by DNA-protein binding assay. Through in vitro biochemical assays, we further demonstrate that OsPAP3b is a functional acid phosphatase (APase) with broad substrate specificity. The overexpression (OE) of OsPAP3b in rice led to increased secreted APase activity and improved mineralization of organic P sources, which resulted in better growth of transgenics compared to the wild type when grown on organic P as an exogenous P substrate. Under Pi deprivation, OsPAP3b knock-down and knock-out lines showed no significant changes in total P content and dry biomass. However, the expression of other phosphate starvation-induced genes and the levels of metabolites were found to be altered in the OE and knock-down lines. In addition, in vitro pull-down assay revealed multiple putative interacting proteins of OsPAP3b. Our data collectively suggest that OsPAP3b can aid in organic P utilization in rice. The APase isoform behavior and nuclear localization indicate its additional role, possibly in stress signaling. Considering its important roles, OsPAP3b could be a potential target for improving low Pi adaptation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bhadouria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Poonam Mehra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Lokesh Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Lekha T Pazhamala
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rumi Rumi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Poonam Panchal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alok K Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
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Jamali Langeroudi A, Sabet MS, Jalali-Javaran M, Zamani K, Lohrasebi T, Malboobi MA. Functional assessment of AtPAP17; encoding a purple acid phosphatase involved in phosphate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:719-739. [PMID: 37074554 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) includ the largest classes of non-specific plant acid phosphatases. Most characterized PAPs were found to play physiological functions in phosphorus metabolism. In this study, we investigated the function of AtPAP17 gene encoding an important purple acid phosphatase in Arabidopsis thaliana. METHODS The full-length cDNA sequence of AtPAP17 gene under the control of CaMV-35S promoter was transferred to the A. thaliana WT plant. The generated homozygote AtPAP17-overexpressed plants were compared by the types of analyses with corresponding homozygote atpap17-mutant plant and WT in both + P (1.2 mM) and - P (0 mM) conditions. RESULTS In the + P condition, the highest and the lowest amount of Pi was observed in AtPAP17-overexpressed plants and atpap17-mutant plants by 111% increase and 38% decrease compared with the WT plants, respectively. Furthermore, under the same condition, APase activity of AtPAP17-overexpressed plants increased by 24% compared to the WT. Inversely, atpap17-mutant plant represented a 71% fall compared to WT plants. The comparison of fresh weight and dry weight in the studied plants showed that the highest and the lowest amount of absorbed water belonged to OE plants (with 38 and 12 mg plant-1) and Mu plants (with 22 and 7 mg plant-1) in + P and - P conditions, respectively. CONCLUSION The lack of AtPAP17 gene in the A. thaliana genome led to a remarkable reduction in the development of root biomass. Thus, AtPAP17 could have an important role in the root but not shoot developmental and structural programming. Consequently, this function enables them to absorb more water and eventually associated with more phosphate absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Jamali Langeroudi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Sabet
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mokhtar Jalali-Javaran
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Zamani
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biosafety, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Lohrasebi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Malboobi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
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Yoshitake Y, Yoshimoto K. Intracellular phosphate recycling systems for survival during phosphate starvation in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1088211. [PMID: 36733584 PMCID: PMC9888252 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1088211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and plants use inorganic phosphate (Pi) as their P source, but its bioavailable form, orthophosphate, is often limited in soils. Hence, plants have several mechanisms for adaptation to Pi starvation. One of the most common response strategies is "Pi recycling" in which catabolic enzymes degrade intracellular constituents, such as phosphoesters, nucleic acids and glycerophospholipids to salvage Pi. Recently, several other intracellular degradation systems have been discovered that salvage Pi from organelles. Also, one of sphingolipids has recently been identified as a degradation target for Pi recycling. So, in this mini-review we summarize the current state of knowledge, including research findings, about the targets and degradation processes for Pi recycling under Pi starvation, in order to further our knowledge of the whole mechanism of Pi recycling.
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Kushwaha AS, Thakur RS, Patel DK, Kumar M. Impact of arsenic on phosphate solubilization, acquisition and poly-phosphate accumulation in endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. Microbiol Res 2022; 259:127014. [PMID: 35349854 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Symbiotic interactions play a crucial role in the phosphate (Pi) nutrient status of the host plant and offer resilience during biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite a competitive behavior of arsenic (AsV) with Pi, Serendipita indica association promotes plant growth by reducing arsenic bioavailability in the rhizosphere. Reduced arsenic availability is due to the adsorption, accumulation, and precipitation of arsenic in the fungus. The present investigation focused on the fitness and performance of Pi acquisition and utilization in S. indica for growth and metabolism under arsenic stress. The fungus accumulates a massive amount of arsenic up to 2459.3 ppm at a tolerable limit of arsenic supply (1 mM) with a bioaccumulation factor (BAF) 32. Arsenic induces Pi transporter expression to stimulate the arsenic acquisition in the fungus. At the same time, Pi accumulation was also enhanced by 112.2 times higher than the control with an increase in poly-P (polyphosphate) content (6.69 times) of the cell. This result suggests arsenic does not hamper poly-P storage in the cell but shows a marked delocalization of stored poly-P from the vacuoles. Furthermore, an enhanced exopolyphosphatase activity and poly-P storage during arsenic stress suggest induction of cellular machinery for the utilization of Pi is required to deal with arsenic toxicity and competition. However, at high arsenic supply (2.5 and 5 mM), 14.55 and 22.07 times reduced Pi utilization, respectively, was observed during the Pi uptake by the fungus. The reduction of Pi uptake reduces the cell growth and biomass due to competition between arsenic and phosphate. The study suggests no negative impact of arsenic on the Pi acquisition, storage, and metabolism in symbiotic fungus, S. indica, under environmental arsenic contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Singh Kushwaha
- Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Ravindra Singh Thakur
- Analytical Chemistry Division and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Devendra K Patel
- Analytical Chemistry Division and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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9
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Staudinger C, Dissanayake BM, Duncan O, Millar AH. The wheat secreted root proteome: Implications for phosphorus mobilisation and biotic interactions. J Proteomics 2022; 252:104450. [PMID: 34890868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Root secreted acid phosphatases and organic anions are widely perceived as major players of plant phosphorus (P) mobilisation from the rhizosphere under P limiting growth conditions. Previous research indicated that other mechanisms play a role, especially in species with fine roots, such as wheat. In this study we characterised the plant-derived extracellular proteome of wheat roots by profiling root tip mucilage, soluble root secreted and root tip proteomes. Extracellular acid phosphatases and enzymes of the central carbon metabolism were targeted using selected reaction monitoring. More than 140 proteins with extracellular localisation prediction were identified in mucilage. P starvation induced proteins predicted to be localised to the apoplast which are related to cell wall modification and defence in both, root tip and soluble root-secreted proteomes. Glycolytic enzymes were strongly increased in abundance by P limitation in root tips, as were PEPC and plastidial MDH. Soluble acid phosphatases were not identified in extracellular protein samples. Our results indicate that root tip mucilage contains proteins with the functional potential to actively shape their immediate environment by modification of plant structural components and biotic interactions. Wheat acid phosphatases appear to play a minor role in P mobilisation beyond the immediate root surface. SIGNIFICANCE: Phosphorus (P) is a plant growth limiting nutrient in many agricultural situations and the development of phosphorus efficient crops is of paramount importance for future agricultural management practices. As P is relatively immobile in soils, processes occurring at the root-soil interface, the rhizosphere, are suspected to play a key role in plant-induced P mobilisation. According to the current view, the secretion of extracellular acid phosphatases and organic anions enhances P mobilisation within several millimetres beyond the root surface, either directly or indirectly through the selection and appropriate soil microbes. However, the mechanisms of P mobilisation in species with fine roots, such as wheat, and the role of other secreted root proteins are poorly understood. Here, we carried out the profiling of wheat root tip mucilage, soluble root secreted and root tip proteomes. We analysed proteome changes in response to P starvation. We found that proteins with a predicted localisation to the apoplast made up a major proportion of stress-responsive proteins. Acid phosphatases were not identified within extracellular protein samples, which were enriched in proteins with predicted extracellular localisation. The absence of extracellular APases was further validated by multiple reaction monitoring. Our data indicates that wheat acid phosphatases play a minor role in P mobilisation beyond the immediate root surface and provides a resource for breeding strategies and further investigations of the functional roles of root tip-released proteins in the rhizosphere under P limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Staudinger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU-Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Rhizosphere Ecology and Biogeochemistry Group, Austria.
| | - Bhagya M Dissanayake
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Owen Duncan
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
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