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Helena-Bueno K, Chan LI, Melnikov SV. Rippling life on a dormant planet: hibernation of ribosomes, RNA polymerases, and other essential enzymes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1386179. [PMID: 38770025 PMCID: PMC11102965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1386179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the tree of life, cells and organisms enter states of dormancy or hibernation as a key feature of their biology: from a bacterium arresting its growth in response to starvation, to a plant seed anticipating placement in fertile ground, to a human oocyte poised for fertilization to create a new life. Recent research shows that when cells hibernate, many of their essential enzymes hibernate too: they disengage from their substrates and associate with a specialized group of proteins known as hibernation factors. Here, we summarize how hibernation factors protect essential cellular enzymes from undesired activity or irreparable damage in hibernating cells. We show how molecular hibernation, once viewed as rare and exclusive to certain molecules like ribosomes, is in fact a widespread property of biological molecules that is required for the sustained persistence of life on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergey V. Melnikov
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Hu W, Gu H, Wang K, Lu Z, Li X, Cong R, Ren T, Lu J. Potassium deficiency stress reduces Rubisco activity in Brassica napus leaves by subcellular acidification decreasing photosynthetic rate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107912. [PMID: 37523826 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Under potassium (K) deficiency photosynthetic carboxylation capacities are limited, affecting the photosynthetic rate of plants. However, it is not clear how ionic K within plants regulates carboxylation capacities. Therefore, the photosynthetic rate (A), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco, EC 4.1.1.39) characteristics, and cytoplasmic pH of Brassica napus leaves with different K levels were measured to evaluate the effects of K on the carboxylation capacity by regulating subcellular pH. The results showed that biochemical limitation dominates the decrease of A. There was a close positive correlation between A and the Rubisco maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), which was closer than that between A and the maximum electron transport rate. The thresholds of leaf K concentrations causing decreased A, Vcmax, and Rubisco initial activity were consistent and close to 1.0% in the hydroponic experiments and 1.2% in the field experiments. K deficiency resulted in decreased Rubisco activity, which reduced carboxylation capacity. Moreover, the Rubisco initial activities in vitro with sufficient K supply or under K deficiency all were significantly reduced when the pH was decreased. The cytoplasmic pH was kept neutral at 7.5 under sufficient K supply, and decreased as the leaf K concentration declined below the threshold. Acidified cytoplasmic environment caused by K deficiency could not maintain the pH balance of the chloroplasts, leading to decreased Rubisco initial activity and photosynthetic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshi Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hehe Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kunjiao Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jianwei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Leister D, Sharma A, Kerber N, Nägele T, Reiter B, Pasch V, Beeh S, Jahns P, Barbato R, Pribil M, Rühle T. An ancient metabolite damage-repair system sustains photosynthesis in plants. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3023. [PMID: 37230969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the major catalyst in the conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds in photosynthetic organisms. However, its activity is impaired by binding of inhibitory sugars such as xylulose-1,5-bisphosphate (XuBP), which must be detached from the active sites by Rubisco activase. Here, we show that loss of two phosphatases in Arabidopsis thaliana has detrimental effects on plant growth and photosynthesis and that this effect could be reversed by introducing the XuBP phosphatase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Biochemical analyses revealed that the plant enzymes specifically dephosphorylate XuBP, thus allowing xylulose-5-phosphate to enter the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. Our findings demonstrate the physiological importance of an ancient metabolite damage-repair system in degradation of by-products of Rubisco, and will impact efforts to optimize carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natalia Kerber
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bennet Reiter
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Viviana Pasch
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Simon Beeh
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre of Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Jahns
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roberto Barbato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mathias Pribil
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thilo Rühle
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Recent developments in the engineering of Rubisco activase for enhanced crop yield. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:627-637. [PMID: 36929563 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco activase (RCA) catalyzes the release of inhibitory sugar phosphates from ribulose-1,6-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and can play an important role in biochemical limitations of photosynthesis under dynamic light and elevated temperatures. There is interest in increasing RCA activity to improve crop productivity, but a lack of understanding about the regulation of photosynthesis complicates engineering strategies. In this review, we discuss work relevant to improving RCA with a focus on advances in understanding the structural cause of RCA instability under heat stress and the regulatory interactions between RCA and components of photosynthesis. This reveals substantial variation in RCA thermostability that can be influenced by single amino acid substitutions, and that engineered variants can perform better in vitro and in vivo under heat stress. In addition, there are indications RCA activity is controlled by transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and spatial regulation, which may be important for balancing between carbon fixation and light capture. Finally, we provide an overview of findings from recent field experiments and consider the requirements for commercial validation as part of efforts to increase crop yields in the face of global climate change.
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Waheeda K, Kitchel H, Wang Q, Chiu PL. Molecular mechanism of Rubisco activase: Dynamic assembly and Rubisco remodeling. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1125922. [PMID: 36845545 PMCID: PMC9951593 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1125922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme is the limiting step of photosynthetic carbon fixation, and its activation is regulated by its co-evolved chaperone, Rubisco activase (Rca). Rca removes the intrinsic sugar phosphate inhibitors occupying the Rubisco active site, allowing RuBP to split into two 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) molecules. This review summarizes the evolution, structure, and function of Rca and describes the recent findings regarding the mechanistic model of Rubisco activation by Rca. New knowledge in these areas can significantly enhance crop engineering techniques used to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Waheeda
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Heidi Kitchel
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Quan Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Po-Lin Chiu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States,*Correspondence: Po-Lin Chiu,
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Carmo-Silva E, Sharwood RE. Rubisco and its regulation-major advances to improve carbon assimilation and productivity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:507-509. [PMID: 36629907 PMCID: PMC9833034 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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