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Efficacy of organo-selenium-incorporated urinary catheter tubing for in vitro growth inhibition of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and H. influenzae. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:503-510. [PMID: 36462116 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are of significant medical burden in cost, morbidity, and mortality. Experimental selenium-coated medical devices have demonstrated non-toxic in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity. While antimicrobial-coated catheters have shown efficacy in preventing CAUTIs, selenium has not been tested in this context. The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate selenium-incorporated urinary catheters for inhibition of uropathogenic bacterial growth and biofilm formation. METHODS Urinary catheters incorporated with 1% organo-selenium and standard (uncoated) catheters were incubated in vitro with E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, H. influenzae, and combinations of these bacteria. Growth was evaluated by colony-forming unit count and visualized with confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy. Organo-selenium catheter material integrity was also tested by soaking the tubing in phosphate-buffered saline for 12 weeks at 37 °C. RESULTS Organo-selenium-incorporated catheters demonstrated total reduction (100%) of in vitro bacterial growth and biofilm formation for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and a combination of these species when compared to control. P. aeruginosa growth was inhibited by approximately 4 logs (99.99%). Complete inhibition of E. coli growth was maintained after long-term phosphate-buffered saline soaking. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that organo-selenium was stably incorporated into catheter tubing and inhibited bacterial attachment, growth, and biofilm formation for multiple uropathogenic organisms. Furthermore, long-term soaking of organo-selenium tubing in phosphate-buffered saline did not show any decline in bacterial growth inhibition or biofilm formation. These findings suggest that organo-selenium-incorporated catheters may be advantageous in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections and warrant further in vivo and clinical evaluation.
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Gagliardi R, Sensi C, Flaminio G, De Canale E, Vettor R, De Carlo E. Haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis in a low-risk woman: a case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e05066. [PMID: 34868585 PMCID: PMC8599499 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis is a rare but dangerous disease. With this work, we intend to show the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in order to avoid complications. We also highlight the importance of local epidemiology to choose antibiotic prophylaxis for high-risk procedures in selected predisposed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulio Flaminio
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaduaPadovaItaly
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Nevejan L, Goegebuer T, Mast P, Lemmens A. Pyelonephritis and bacteremia caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae: case-report of an unusual pathogen. Acta Clin Belg 2021; 76:152-154. [PMID: 31545159 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2019.1671059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a young man with known urinary tract abnormalities who developed pyelonephritis and bacteremia caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae. Since routine urine culture usually does not include enriched media for Haemophilus spp., the true incidence of urinary tract infections caused by H. parainfluenzae is currently unknown. Our case, however, demonstrates that H. parainfluenzae is a potential urinary pathogen, at least in patients with urinary tract anomalies. Clinical laboratories should consider expanding their culture efforts to detect unusual pathogens in patients with underlying risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Nevejan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Truus Goegebuer
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Philippe Mast
- Department of Urology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Ann Lemmens
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium
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Sierra Y, González-Díaz A, Tubau F, Imaz A, Cubero M, Càmara J, Ayats J, Martí S, Ardanuy C. Emergence of multidrug resistance among Haemophilus parainfluenzae from respiratory and urogenital samples in Barcelona, Spain. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 39:703-710. [PMID: 31828685 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parainfluenzae (HPAR) is a Gram-negative bacterium that can become an opportunistic urogenital pathogen. Recently, multidrug resistant (MDR) strains have emerged. We aim to analyse the epidemiology of HPAR at Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge between 2013 and 2017 to determine its putative role in sexually transmitted infections (STI). Strains were classified by sample origin, and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disk-diffusion tested on Mueller-Hinton Fastidious. MDR was defined as the resistance of the antimicrobial to three or more antibiotic class. Molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after restriction with SmaI and Cfr9I. We classified 944 HPAR isolates as being of urogenital (n = 175; 18.5%), respiratory (n = 719; 76.2%), or other (n = 50; 5.3%) origins. Among the urogenital isolates, 50 (28.6%) were MDR, which was significantly higher than that found in respiratory samples (40/719; 5.6%; p < 0.01). The frequency of MDR increased progressively among urogenital samples from 13.3% (2013) to 33.3% (2017) (r = 0.8; p = 0.035). The resistance rates for all 944 episodes were significantly higher for cotrimoxazole (51.4%), tetracycline (46.3%), chloramphenicol (28.0%), ciprofloxacin (21.1%), and ampicillin (20.6%). After PFGE, no clonal relationship was found. Clinical charts were available for 40 symptomatic patients with MDR HPAR infections presenting mostly urethritis (n = 26; 65.0%). In all cases, symptoms were treated effectively with combination therapy. Furthermore, in 10 of those patients with urethritis, MDR HPAR was the only potential pathogen to be identified. The emergence of MDR HPAR is a matter of concern, and the detection as a single pathogen highlights its putative role as cause of STI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanik Sierra
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aida González-Díaz
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fe Tubau
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Imaz
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Cubero
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Càmara
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefina Ayats
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Martí
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Ardanuy
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. .,Deptartment of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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