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Liu Y, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Tian W, Lin A, Li M. Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 inhibits migration and invasion in adenomyosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 49:104319. [PMID: 39121559 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome have an effect in adenomyosis? DESIGN Fresh-frozen endometrial tissues and paraffin specimens were obtained from endometrial tissues from patients with adenomyosis and controls. Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to assess expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome components. Primary eutopic endometrial stromal cells were isolated from the uteri of patients with adenomyosis. After NLRP3 was knocked down using small interfering RNA, proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated using EdU, CCK8, transwell assays and western blot. Importantly, a mouse model of adenomyosis was established to evaluate the effects of the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 on the formation of adenomyosis. RESULTS Expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome components was elevated in the ectopic or eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis. NLRP3 knockdown inhibited migration, invasion and EMT in endometrial cells and primary endometrial cells (P < 0.0001). MCC950, which blocks the NLRP3 inflammasome, reduced migration and invasion of endometrial cells (P < 0.01) and primary endometrial cells (P < 0.0001) considerably. Importantly, in the mouse model of adenomyosis, MCC950 had a mitigating effect on the severity of adenomyosis (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 was found to enhance migration, invasion and EMT of human endometrial cells in adenomyosis. Notably, the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 reduced migration and invasion of endometrial cells effectively. Furthermore, in the mouse model of adenomyosis, MCC950 exhibited a therapeutic effect by alleviating the severity of adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical Univeristy, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.
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Driva TS, Schatz C, Haybaeck J. Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Carcinomas: How PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Affects Their Pathogenesis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1253. [PMID: 37627318 PMCID: PMC10452661 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell (OCCC) and endometrioid (EnOC) carcinomas are often subsumed under the umbrella term "endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer" (EAOC), since they frequently arise from ectopic endometrium settled in the ovaries. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is known to be aberrantly activated both in endometriosis and EAOC; however, its role in the progression of endometriosis to ovarian cancer remains unclear. In fact, cancer-associated alterations in the mTOR pathway may be found in normal uterine epithelium, likely acting as a first step towards ovarian cancer, through the intermediary stage of endometriosis. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding mTOR signaling dysregulation in the uterine endometrium, endometriosis, and EAOC while focusing on the interconnections between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and other signaling molecules that give rise to synergistic molecular mechanisms triggering ovarian cancer development in the presence of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S. Driva
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christoph Schatz
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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3
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Endometriosis Stem Cells as a Possible Main Target for Carcinogenesis of Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer (EAOC). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010111. [PMID: 36612107 PMCID: PMC9817684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a serious recurrent disease impairing the quality of life and fertility, and being a risk for some histologic types of ovarian cancer defined as endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers (EAOC). The presence of stem cells in the endometriotic foci could account for the proliferative, migrative and angiogenic activity of the lesions. Their phenotype and sources have been described. The similarly disturbed expression of several genes, miRNAs, galectins and chaperones has been observed both in endometriotic lesions and in ovarian or endometrial cancer. The importance of stem cells for nascence and sustain of malignant tumors is commonly appreciated. Although the proposed mechanisms promoting carcinogenesis leading from endometriosis into the EAOC are not completely known, they have been discussed in several articles. However, the role of endometriosis stem cells (ESCs) has not been discussed in this context. Here, we postulate that ESCs may be a main target for the carcinogenesis of EAOC and present the possible sequence of events resulting finally in the development of EAOC.
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The Role of mTOR and eIF Signaling in Benign Endometrial Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073416. [PMID: 35408777 PMCID: PMC8998789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenomyosis, endometriosis, endometritis, and typical endometrial hyperplasia are common non-cancerous diseases of the endometrium that afflict many women with life-impacting consequences. The mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway interacts with estrogen signaling and is known to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer. Based on this knowledge, we attempt to investigate the role of mTOR signaling in benign endometrial diseases while focusing on how the interplay between mTOR and eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) affects their development. In fact, mTOR overactivity is apparent in adenomyosis, endometriosis, and typical endometrial hyperplasia, where it promotes endometrial cell proliferation and invasiveness. Recent data show aberrant expression of various components of the mTOR pathway in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis or endometriosis and in hyperplastic endometrium as well. Moreover, studies on endometritis show that derangement of mTOR signaling is linked to the establishment of endometrial dysfunction caused by chronic inflammation. This review shows that inhibition of the mTOR pathway has a promising therapeutic effect in benign endometrial conditions, concluding that mTOR signaling dysregulation plays a critical part in their pathogenesis.
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5
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Liang J, Sun W, Song H, Wang C, Li Q, Li C, Wei D, Zhao Y, Li C, Zhang H. NOL6 promotes the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells by regulating TWIST1 expression. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1571-1585. [PMID: 34607487 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the role and function of NOL6, a protein related to ribosome biogenesis, in endometrial cancer. Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry apoptosis assay, transwell assay and wound healing assays were carried out for evaluating cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry, western blot and tumor xenograft assays were carried out for detecting the level of protein expression and tumor formation. Results: We demonstrated that NOL6 is overexpressed in endometrial cancer and promotes cell proliferation and migration while reducing apoptosis. NOL6 regulates the expression of TWIST1, which can restore the changes in cells caused by NOL6 knockdown. Conclusions: NOL6 can promote the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells by regulating TWIST1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Liang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Deying Wei
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yingzi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
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6
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Liu F, Li Z, Guo J, Fang S, Zhou J, Cao B, Liu J, Yi Y, Yuan X, Xu X, Huang O, Wang L, Zou Y. Endometrial stromal cell proteomic analysis reveals LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) plays important roles in the progression of adenomyosis. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6129094. [PMID: 33543750 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenomyosis is one of the most common gynecological disorders that the molecular events underlying its pathogenesis remain not fully understood. Prior studies have shown that endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) played crucial roles in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis. In this study, we utilized two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with protein identification by mass spectrometry (2D/MS) proteomics analysis to compare the differential protein expression profile between the paired eutopic and ectopic ESCs (EuESCs and EcESCs) in adenomyosis, and a total of 32 significantly altered protein spots were identified. Among which, the expression of LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) was increased significantly in EcESCs compared to EuESCs. Immunohistochemical assay showed that LASP1 was overexpressed in the stromal cells of ectopic endometriums compared to eutopic endometriums; further functional analyses revealed that LASP1 overexpression could enhance cell proliferation, migration and invasion of EcESCs. Furthermore, we also showed that the dysregulated expression of LASP1 in EcESCs was associated with DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region of the LASP1 gene. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of enhancing cell proliferation, invasion and migration caused by upregulated LASP1 in adenomyosis needs further study. For the first time, our data suggested that LASP1 plays important roles in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, and could serve as a prognostic biomarker of adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zengming Li
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiubai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shufen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiangyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bianna Cao
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulan Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqun Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ouping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Liu Y, Liang S, Yang F, Sun Y, Niu L, Ren Y, Wang H, He Y, Du J, Yang J, Lin J. Biological characteristics of endometriotic mesenchymal stem cells isolated from ectopic lesions of patients with endometriosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:346. [PMID: 32771033 PMCID: PMC7414689 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research into the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMs) would substantially promote its effective treatment and early diagnosis. However, the aetiology of EMs is poorly understood and controversial despite the progress in EMs research in the last several decades. Currently, accumulating evidence has shed light on the importance of endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) residing in the basal layer of endometrium in the establishment and progression of endometriotic lesions. Therefore, we aimed to identify the differences between EnSCs isolated from the ectopic lesions of EMs patients (EnSC-EM-EC) and EnSCs isolated from eutopic endometrium of control group (EnSC-Control). We further performed preliminary exploration of the potential signalling pathways involved in the above abnormalities. METHODS EnSC-EM-EC (n = 12) and EnSC-Control (n = 13) were successfully isolated. Then, the proliferative capacity, migratory capacity and angiogenic potential of EnSCs were evaluated by conventional MTT assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, transwell assay, tube formation assay and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay respectively. The expression of 11 angiogenesis-associated biological factors and 11 cytokines secreted by EnSCs and 17 adhesion molecules expressed on EnSCs were determined by protein array assays respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EnSC-EM-EC and EnSC-Control were analysed by RNA-sequence. RESULTS EnSC-EM-EC exhibited unique biological characteristics, including prolonged mitosis, enhanced migratory capacity and enhanced angiogenic potential. Greater amounts of angiogenic factors (especially VEGF and PDGF) were secreted by EnSC-EM-EC than by EnSC-Control; however, the distinct profiles of cytokines secreted by EnSC-EM-EC and adhesion molecules expressed by EnSC-EM-EC require further investigation. A total of 523 DEGs between EnSC-EM-EC and EnSC-Control were identified and analysed using the KEGG and Gene Ontology databases. CONCLUSIONS Our results not only improve the understanding of EMs but also contribute to the development of EnSC-EM-EC as a tool for EMs drug discovery. These cells could be of great help in exploiting promising therapeutic targets and new biomarkers for EMs treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, NO 601, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Shengying Liang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, NO 601, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, NO 601, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yuliang Sun
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Lidan Niu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yakun Ren
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, NO 601, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, NO 88, JianKang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang City, 453100, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanan He
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jun Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, NO 88, JianKang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang City, 453100, Henan Province, China.
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, NO 601, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China.
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8
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Filipchiuk C, Laganà AS, Beteli R, Ponce TG, Christofolini DM, Martins Trevisan C, Fonseca FLA, Barbosa CP, Bianco B. BIRC5/Survivin Expression as a Non-Invasive Biomarker of Endometriosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080533. [PMID: 32751449 PMCID: PMC7459871 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of endometriosis is highly complex, and although it is a benign disease, it has several biological behaviors similar to malignant lesions, including cell invasion, neo-angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. Survivin is a protein encoded by the BIRC5 gene that plays a role in cell division by inhibiting apoptosis and regulating the process of mitosis in embryonic and cancer cells. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the expression of BIRC5 in samples of peripheral blood of women with and without endometriosis. This study comprised of 40 women with endometriosis and 10 healthy women as controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected in the three phases of the menstrual cycle (follicular, ovulatory, and luteal). The expression of the BIRC5 gene was evaluated by RT-qPCR using the TaqMan methodology. The BIRC5 expression was significantly higher in all phases of the menstrual cycle in women with endometriosis, regardless of the disease stage. The accuracy of BIRC5 expression in the peripheral blood for the diagnosis endometriosis presented AUC of 0.887 (p < 0.001), with 97.2% of sensitivity and specificity of 65.5% considering the overall endometriosis group. Regarding the minimal/mild endometriosis group, the AUC presented a value of 0.925 (p < 0.001), with 100% of sensitivity and 79.3% of specificity, whereas in the moderate/severe endometriosis group the AUC was 0.868 (p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 95.8% and specificity of 65.5%. These findings suggest that the expression of BIRC5 may be a potential noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Filipchiuk
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (C.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, 2100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Rubia Beteli
- Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.B.); (D.M.C.); (C.P.B.)
| | - Tatiana Guida Ponce
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (T.G.P.); (C.M.T.)
| | - Denise Maria Christofolini
- Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.B.); (D.M.C.); (C.P.B.)
| | - Camila Martins Trevisan
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (T.G.P.); (C.M.T.)
| | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Discipline of Clinical Analysis, Deparment of Patology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil;
| | - Caio Parente Barbosa
- Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.B.); (D.M.C.); (C.P.B.)
| | - Bianca Bianco
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (C.F.); (B.B.)
- Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.B.); (D.M.C.); (C.P.B.)
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9
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Xu Z, Zhang L, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Yan L, Chen ZJ. The estrogen-regulated lncRNA H19/miR-216a-5p axis alters stromal cell invasion and migration via ACTA2 in endometriosis. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 25:550-561. [PMID: 31323679 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic tissue may contribute to the origin of some endometriosis-related symptoms, such as chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Alterations in the H19/miR-216a-5p/ACTA2 pathway may mediate the regulation of eutopic endometrial stromal cell (euESC) invasion and migration and may represent a potential mechanism underlying fibrous tissue formation or fibrosis in women with endometriosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the expression of H19 and ACTA2 in endometrial tissues of women with endometriosis. Two groups of 23 infertile women with endometriosis and 23 matched infertile women without endometriosis were investigated. Primary cultured cells of endometrial tissues were analyzed using RT-PCR and western blotting (WB) to determine expression of H19 and ACTA2. 5-Ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, CCK8 and Transwell assays were used to study the functions of H19 and ACTA2. Human embryonic kidney 293 cells were used for luciferase assays to study miR-216a-5p binding sites with H19 and ACTA2. We found that H19 and ACTA2 levels were significantly higher in endometriosis euESCs than in control euESCs (P < 0.05) and were positively correlated in endometriosis euESCs. Luciferase assays indicated that H19 regulates ACTA2 expression via competition for inhibitory miR-216a-5p binding sites. Our results indicate that alterations in the estrogen/H19/miR-216a-5p/ACTA2 pathway regulated endometriosis euESC invasion and migration. Downregulation of H19 or ACTA2 inhibited endometriosis euESC invasion and migration; however, estrogen promoted endometriosis euESC invasion and migration via H19. The main limitation of our study was that experiments were conducted in vitro and further in vivo studies are required in the future. However, our study showed that primary cultured cells represented endometriosis cells more clearly than cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, China.,Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 157 Jingliu Road, Jinan, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, China
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10
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Luo M, Cai X, Yan D, Liu X, Guo SW. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate restrains fibrogenesis through induction of senescence in mice with induced deep endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 41:373-384. [PMID: 32651107 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) induce cellular senescence in endometriotic lesions and thus restrict lesional development and fibrogenesis in a recently established mouse model of deep endometriosis? DESIGN Prospective randomized animal experiment in which deep endometriosis was induced in female Balb/C mice, which were then randomly divided into three groups (low-dose STS, high-dose STS and inert vehicle control) and received treatment for 2 weeks. All mice were then sacrificed and their lesions excised and harvested. Lesion weight was quantified and all lesion samples were subjected to histochemical analysis of the extent of lesional fibrosis by Masson trichrome staining, and of cellular senescence by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), along with immunohistochemistry analyses of p53, CCN1, activate Salvador 1 (Sav1), hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), survivin, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD163-positive M2 macrophages. Plasma P-selectin and hyaluronic acid levels were also quantified. Hotplate testing was also administered before the induction, then before and after treatment. RESULTS STS treatment resulted in significantly reduced lesion weight, stalled lesional fibrogenesis and improved hyperalgesia, seemingly through the induction of cellular senescence by activating p53, Sav1 and CCN1 while suppressing HAS2, survivin and GM-CSF, resulting in increased apoptosis and reduced lesional infiltration of alternatively activated macrophages. In addition, STS treatment significantly reduced the plasma concentration of P-selectin and hyaluronic acid, possibly leading to reduced lesional platelet aggregation. CONCLUSIONS STS appears to be a promising compound for treating endometriosis. The results suggest that senescence may restrict lesional progression and fibrogenesis, and targeting the senescence pathway may have desirable therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo Zhejiang 315200, China; These three authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xianjun Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo Zhejiang 315200, China; These three authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dingmin Yan
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200090, China; These three authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xishi Liu
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Sun-Wei Guo
- Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai, China.
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11
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Bianco B, Filipchiuk C, Christofolini DM, Barbosa CP, Montagna E. The role of survivin in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Minerva Med 2019; 111:21-32. [PMID: 31755675 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent condition, defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterus, associated with often chronic and inflammatory reaction. The association of endometriosis with cancer is unclear, although endometriosis and cancer present some molecular similarities. Survinin, encoded by the BIRC5 gene, is a protein that controls cell division, inhibits apoptosis and promotes angiogenesis. Here we aimed to summarize and to discuss the main findings of studies that addressed the involvement of survivin in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a comprehensive retrieval from electronic databases, included the MEDLINE, EMBASE, with no restrictions to time span. We used the search terms endometriosis and survivin or BIRC5 and collected all relevant studies to explore the association between endometriosis and surviving expression. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 21 studies included in the systematic review, comprising sample collected from 1263 women with endometriosis. Results showed the involvement of more than 60 genes and proteins evaluated in eutopic, ectopic, endometrial and ovarian endometriosis, as well as in several gynecological conditions compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The studies provided the basis for the involvement of survivin in the pathogenesis of the disease by several and independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bianco
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil - .,Department of Collective Health, Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil -
| | - Carolina Filipchiuk
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Denise M Christofolini
- Department of Collective Health, Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Caio P Barbosa
- Department of Collective Health, Discipline of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Populational Genetics, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Erik Montagna
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC/Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil
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12
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Wu L, Lv C, Su Y, Li C, Zhang H, Zhao X, Li M. Expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 is upregulated in endometriosis and promoted by 17beta-estradiol. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:251-256. [PMID: 30325236 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1519787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 pathway plays important roles in immune responses and peripheral tolerance. Under pathological conditions, this pathway can suppress protective T cell responses and induce immune system disorders. Endometriosis (EM) is an estrogen-dependent, immune-associated disease. The expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 has been studied in a variety of cancers and autoimmune diseases. Few studies, however, have attempted to explore their expression and the possibility that they are regulated by estrogen in EM. Eutopic and ectopic endometria and blood samples were collected from 15 women with EM and 15 women without EM. PD-1/PD-L1 expression in endometrial tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Their expression in blood was detected using flow cytometry. In addition, their expression was evaluated in endometrial cells after estrogen and cytokine treatment. We observed PD-1/PD-L1 expression in both eutopic and ectopic endometria, with elevated expression in EM. Their expression was also higher in CD4+/CD8+ T cells in blood from EM patients. In addition, treatment with 17β-estradiol upregulated PD-L1 expression in eutopic epithelial cells in EM. These data suggest that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may be involved in EM immune dysfunction and be regulated by estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukanxuan Wu
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzi Lv
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Su
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Li
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbo Zhao
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- a Dapartmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated for Shandong University, Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
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13
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Qi S, Yan L, Liu Z, Mu YL, Li M, Zhao X, Chen ZJ, Zhang H. Melatonin inhibits 17β-estradiol-induced migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in normal and endometriotic endometrial epithelial cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:62. [PMID: 29935526 PMCID: PMC6015458 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is a potential therapeutic agent for endometriosis, but its molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of melatonin on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometriotic endometrial epithelial cells and explored the pathway that might be involved. METHODS This hospital-based study included 60 women of reproductive age using the endometrium for immunohistochemistry, 6 women of reproductive age undergoing bilateral tubal ligation and 6 patients with endometriosis for isolation of endometrial epithelial cells or subsequent analysis, respectively. We examined the expression of Notch1/Numb signaling and EMT markers by immunohistochemistry analysis and western blot analysis, the invasion and migration of endometrial epithelial cells by transwell assays, and the cell proliferation by CCK8 assays. RESULTS Compared with normal endometrium, the endometriotic eutopic endometrium showed increased expression of Notch1, Slug, Snail, and N-cadherin, and decreased expression of E-cadherin and Numb. Melatonin or Notch inhibition by specific inhibitor blocked 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT-related markers in both normal and endometriotic epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that aberrant expression of Notch1/Numb signaling and the EMT is present in endometriotic endometrium. Melatonin may block 17β-estradiol-induced migration, invasion and EMT in normal and endometriotic epithelial cells by upregulating Numb expression and decreasing the activity of the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lan Mu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- The Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Liu Y, Sun H, Mao H, Gao M, Tan X, Li Y, Li Y, Muloye GM, Zhang L, Wang X, Wei Z. Expression of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas and clinicopathological significance. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9369-9376. [PMID: 29805661 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), as a novel tumor suppressor, serves important roles in the pathogenesis of tumors. The expression of PDCD4 is downregulated or lost in various human tumors. However, the expression of PDCD4 in endometrial cancer and the clinicopathological significance remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of PDCD4 in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) and the association with clinicopathological parameters. The expression of PDCD4 in EEC tissues and control endometrium was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. PDCD4 expression was also investigated in control endometrial glandular epithelial cells and the endometrial cancer KLE cell line by immunocytochemistry, and the association between PDCD4 expression and clinicopathological parameters of patients with EEC was analyzed. The results demonstrated that PDCD4-positive staining was mainly located in the cytoplasm of endometrial glandular epithelial cells and EEC cells. The staining index of PDCD4 in the proliferative phase was significantly increased compared with that in the secretory phase of control endometrium (P<0.001). There was significantly decreased PDCD4 expression in grade (G) 2/3 EEC tissues compared with the proliferative phase of control endometrium (P<0.001). PDCD4 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade. The PDCD4 levels in G1 EEC tissues were higher compared with the G2/3 EEC group (P<0.01). The results indicated that PDCD4 is associated with the histological grade of EEC, and that PDCD4 may be a valuable indicator of the degree of tumor malignancy in patients with EEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Services, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Hongju Mao
- Department of Infection, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guy Mutangala Muloye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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15
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Metformin inhibits 17β-estradiol-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via βKlotho-related ERK1/2 signaling and AMPKα signaling in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:21315-31. [PMID: 26824324 PMCID: PMC5008287 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential role of metformin in treating endometrial cancer remains to be explored. The current study investigated the role of metformin in 17β-estradiol-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. We found that 17β-estradiol promoted proliferation and migration, attenuated apoptosis in both estrogen receptor (ER) positive and ER negative endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa and KLE cells, respectively). Metformin abolished 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation and reversed 17β-estradiol-induced EMT in Ishikawa cells. In addition, metformin increased the expression of βKlotho, a fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) coreceptor, and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in both Ishikawa and KLE cells. Decreased expression of βKlotho was noted in human endometrial adenocarcinomas, and plasmid-driven expression of βKlotho in Ishikawa cells abolished 17β-estradiol-induced EMT via inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling. βKlotho expression and metformin show synergetic effects on the proliferation and the EMT in Ishikawa cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the anti-EMT effects of metformin could be partly abolished by introducing Compound C, a specific AMPKα signaling inhibitor. In conclusion, metformin abolishes 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation and EMT in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells by upregulating βKlotho expression, inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling, and activating AMPKα signaling. Our study provides novel mechanistic insight into the anti-tumor effects of metformin.
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16
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Ding DC, Chu TY, Liu HW. Reciprocal crosstalk between endometrial carcinoma and mesenchymal stem cells via transforming growth factor-β/transforming growth factor receptor and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 aggravates malignant phenotypes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115202-115214. [PMID: 29383153 PMCID: PMC5777765 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Designated for cyclic shedding, the endometrial stroma is rich in endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) and may play an important role in the development of endometrial carcinoma (EC). This study characterized the crosstalk of EC cells with EMSCs and the resultant effects on malignant phenotypes. The cultured EMSCs expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105, but not CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, or human leukocyte antigen—antigen D related markers. These EMSCs also showed osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation ability. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) secretion or expression were reciprocally enhanced in EC cells and EMSCs, as well as in their tissues. By acting on the receptors expressed in their mutual target cells, the interaction between TGF-β and CXCL12 results in the enhanced migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of EC cells, which can be blocked by neutralizing the antibody of either CXCL12 or C–X–C chemokine receptor type 4. The study revealed unprecedented paracrine interactions between EC cells and EMSCs that resulted in the enhancement of transformation phenotypes. Thus, the blocking of TGF-β or CXCL12 signaling can be a therapeutic target for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University; Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University; Hualien, Taiwan.,Cervical Cancer Prevention Center, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hwan-Wun Liu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University; Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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17
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p27kip1 overexpression regulates IL-1β in the microenvironment of stem cells and eutopic endometriosis co-cultures. Cytokine 2017; 89:229-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Zhang H, Li H, Qi S, Liu Z, Fu Y, Li M, Zhao X. Normal endometrial stromal cells regulate 17β-estradiol-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via slug and E-cadherin in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:82-86. [PMID: 27449470 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1203896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroma-tumor communication participates in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinomas. In previous studies, we found that normal stromal cells inhibited the growth of endometrial carcinoma cells. Here, we investigated the role of normal stromal cells in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial carcinoma cells and explored the possible mechanism implied. We found that conditioned medium (CM) by normal endometrial stromal cells (NSC) reduced cell growth and induced cell apoptosis in Ishikawa cells. CM by NSC inhibited 17β-estradiol-induced cell growth and apoptosis decrease in Ishikawa cells. Moreover, CM by NSC inhibited the migration and invasion, and 17β-estradiol-induced migration and invasion in Ishikawa cells. Meanwhile, CM by NSC decreased Slug expression and 17β-estradiol-induced Slug expression, increased E-cadherin expression and abolished 17β-estradiol-induced E-cadherin reduction in Ishikawa cells. In conclusion, normal stromal factors can inhibit 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition, and abolished 17β-estradiol-induced EMT in endometrial cancer cell via regulating E-cadherin and Slug expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Hongyan Li
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Shasha Qi
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Zhao Liu
- b Department of Urology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Yibing Fu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | | | - Xingbo Zhao
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
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19
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Gupta D, Hull ML, Fraser I, Miller L, Bossuyt PMM, Johnson N, Nisenblat V. Endometrial biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 4:CD012165. [PMID: 27094925 PMCID: PMC6953323 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 10% of reproductive-aged women suffer from endometriosis, which is a costly, chronic disease that causes pelvic pain and subfertility. Laparoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic test for endometriosis, but it is expensive and carries surgical risks. Currently, there are no non-invasive tests available in clinical practice that accurately diagnose endometriosis. This is the first diagnostic test accuracy review of endometrial biomarkers for endometriosis that utilises Cochrane methodologies, providing an update on the rapidly expanding literature in this field. OBJECTIVES To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the endometrial biomarkers for pelvic endometriosis, using a surgical diagnosis as the reference standard. We evaluated the tests as replacement tests for diagnostic surgery and as triage tests to inform decisions to undertake surgery for endometriosis. SEARCH METHODS We did not restrict the searches to particular study designs, language or publication dates. To identify trials, we searched the following databases: CENTRAL (2015, July), MEDLINE (inception to May 2015), EMBASE (inception to May 2015), CINAHL (inception to April 2015), PsycINFO (inception to April 2015), Web of Science (inception to April 2015), LILACS (inception to April 2015), OAIster (inception to April 2015), TRIP (inception to April 2015) and ClinicalTrials.gov (inception to April 2015). We searched DARE and PubMed databases up to April 2015 to identify reviews and guidelines as sources of references to potentially relevant studies. We also performed searches for papers recently published and not yet indexed in the major databases. The search strategies incorporated words in the title, abstract, text words across the record and the medical subject headings (MeSH). SELECTION CRITERIA We considered published peer-reviewed, randomised controlled or cross-sectional studies of any size that included prospectively collected samples from any population of reproductive-aged women suspected of having one or more of the following target conditions: ovarian, peritoneal or deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently extracted data from each study and performed a quality assessment. For each endometrial diagnostic test, we classified the data as positive or negative for the surgical detection of endometriosis and calculated the estimates of sensitivity and specificity. We considered two or more tests evaluated in the same cohort as separate data sets. We used the bivariate model to obtain pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity whenever sufficient data were available. The predetermined criteria for a clinically useful test to replace diagnostic surgery was one with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 79%. The criteria for triage tests were set at sensitivity at or above 95% and specificity at or above 50%, which in case of negative results rules out the diagnosis (SnOUT test) or sensitivity at or above 50% with specificity at or above 95%, which in case of positive result rules in the diagnosis (SpIN test). MAIN RESULTS We included 54 studies involving 2729 participants, most of which were of poor methodological quality. The studies evaluated endometrial biomarkers either in specific phases of the menstrual cycle or outside of it, and the studies tested the biomarkers either in menstrual fluid, in whole endometrial tissue or in separate endometrial components. Twenty-seven studies evaluated the diagnostic performance of 22 endometrial biomarkers for endometriosis. These were angiogenesis and growth factors (PROK-1), cell-adhesion molecules (integrins α3β1, α4β1, β1 and α6), DNA-repair molecules (hTERT), endometrial and mitochondrial proteome, hormonal markers (CYP19, 17βHSD2, ER-α, ER-β), inflammatory markers (IL-1R2), myogenic markers (caldesmon, CALD-1), neural markers (PGP 9.5, VIP, CGRP, SP, NPY, NF) and tumour markers (CA-125). Most of these biomarkers were assessed in single studies, whilst only data for PGP 9.5 and CYP19 were available for meta-analysis. These two biomarkers demonstrated significant diversity for the diagnostic estimates between the studies; however, the data were too limited to reliably determine the sources of heterogeneity. The mean sensitivities and specificities of PGP 9.5 (7 studies, 361 women) were 0.96 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91 to 1.00) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.00), after excluding one outlier study, and for CYP19 (8 studies, 444 women), they were were 0.77 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.85) and 0.74 (95% CI 0.65 to 84), respectively. We could not statistically evaluate other biomarkers in a meaningful way. An additional 31 studies evaluated 77 biomarkers that showed no evidence of differences in expression levels between the groups of women with and without endometriosis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We could not statistically evaluate most of the biomarkers assessed in this review in a meaningful way. In view of the low quality of most of the included studies, the findings of this review should be interpreted with caution. Although PGP 9.5 met the criteria for a replacement test, it demonstrated considerable inter study heterogeneity in diagnostic estimates, the source of which could not be determined. Several endometrial biomarkers, such as endometrial proteome, 17βHSD2, IL-1R2, caldesmon and other neural markers (VIP, CGRP, SP, NPY and combination of VIP, PGP 9.5 and SP) showed promising evidence of diagnostic accuracy, but there was insufficient or poor quality evidence for any clinical recommendations. Laparoscopy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of endometriosis, and using any non-invasive tests should only be undertaken in a research setting. We have also identified a number of biomarkers that demonstrated no diagnostic value for endometriosis. We recommend that researchers direct future studies towards biomarkers with high diagnostic potential in good quality diagnostic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Louise Hull
- The University of AdelaideDiscipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research InstituteKing William RoadAdelaideSouth AustrailaAustralia
| | - Ian Fraser
- University of New South WalesSchool of Women's and Children's Health, Royal Hospital for WomenBarker StSydneyNSWAustralia2131
| | - Laura Miller
- Fertility PlusDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyAuckland District Health BoardAucklandNew Zealand1142
| | - Patrick MM Bossuyt
- Academic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and BioinformaticsRoom J1b‐217, PO Box 22700AmsterdamNetherlands1100 DE
| | - Neil Johnson
- The University of AdelaideDiscipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research InstituteKing William RoadAdelaideSouth AustrailaAustralia
| | - Vicki Nisenblat
- The University of AdelaideDiscipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research InstituteKing William RoadAdelaideSouth AustrailaAustralia
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Acimovic M, Vidakovic S, Milic N, Jeremic K, Markovic M, Milosevic-Djeric A, Lazovic-Radonjic G. Survivin and VEGF as Novel Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Endometriosis. J Med Biochem 2015; 35:63-68. [PMID: 28356866 PMCID: PMC5346803 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2015-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peripheral blood markers as additional diagnostic tools to transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) findings in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods This study included 40 patients undergoing laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis from January to December 2012. Preoperative levels of serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA and mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF were obtained. Real-time PCR was used to determine relative gene expression. A new diagnostic score was obtained by deploying the peripheral blood markers to the TVU findings. Statistical methods used were Chi-square, Fisher’s, Student’s t-test or the Mann – Whitney test. Results There was a statistically significant difference in serum CA125, survivin and VEGF levels in patients with endometriosis and those without endometriosis (p<0.001, p=0.025 and p=0.009, respectively). False negative TVU findings were noted in 3/13 patients (23.1%) with peritoneal endometriosis without ovaries involvement. High sensitivity (93.3%), specificity (90.0%), PPV (96.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (92.5%) were obtained for a diagnostic score based on TVU and significant peripheral blood markers (CA125, survivin and VEGF). Conclusions Determination of serum CA125, mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF along with TVU can contribute to higher accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic tools for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Acimovic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Center Uzice, Serbia
| | - Snezana Vidakovic
- Institute for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Milic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Jeremic
- Institute for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Markovic
- Institute for Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhang H, Guo Q, Wang X, Wang C, Zhao X, Li M. Aberrant expression of hSef and Sprouty4 in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:45-50. [PMID: 26870165 PMCID: PMC4727078 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2-mediated signaling of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/RAS/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway is a critical modulator in angiogenesis and is therefore essential for the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. Human similar expression to FGFs (hSef) and Sprouty4 have each been reported to be negative regulators of FGF signaling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of hSef and Sprouty4 in human endometrial adenocarcinoma. Using immunohistochemistry analysis, the expression of hSef and Sprouty4 was detected in human endometrial adenocarcinomas. Increased hSef expression was found to be present in endometrial adenocarcinomas. In addition, decreased hSef expression was identified in the blood vessels of endometrial adenocarcinoma samples. However, the expression of Sprouty4 was downregulated in human endometrial adenocarcinoma. Aberrant expression of hSef and Sprouty4 are involved in the pathogenesis of human endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qiufen Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Xue J, Li M, Zhao X, Wei D, Li C. Metformin regulates stromal-epithelial cells communication via Wnt2/β-catenin signaling in endometriosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 413:61-5. [PMID: 26116230 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, we found that endometriotic stromal cells lose the ability to regulate cell survival signaling in endometriotic epithelial cells. Here, we invested the effect of Metformin on the stromal-epithelial cells crosstalk in endometriosis and explored the pathway that might be involved. We found that ectopic endometriotic stromal cells (ESC) expressed and secreted higher Wnt2 protein compared with normal endometrial stromal cells (NSC). Conditioned medium (CM) from ESC supplemented with Wnt2 antibody significantly inhibited the growth of normal endometrial epithelial cells (NEC), while CM from ESC per se showed no significant effect on the growth of NEC. Metformin decreased the expression and secretion of Wnt2 in ESC. CM from Metformin-pretreated ESC significantly inhibited the growth of NEC. In conclusion, Wnt2/β-catenin signaling was involved in stromal-epithelial cells interaction in endometriosis. Metformin might regulate the stroma-epithelium communication via Wnt2-mediated signaling in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Deying Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China.
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Li C, Bai Y, Yan L, Zhang L, Zhang H, Li M, Zhao M, Gao Y, Zhao X. SPAG9 May Be a Potential Prognostic Marker of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Grade 1 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Treated with Progestin. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2015; 81:267-74. [DOI: 10.1159/000437015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhang H, Yan L, Bai Y, Li C, Guo Q, Wang C, Zhao X, Li M. Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 predicts the sensitivity of progestin therapy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 136:549-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Fabi F, Asselin E. Expression, activation, and role of AKT isoforms in the uterus. Reproduction 2014; 148:R85-95. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The three isoforms of AKT: AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3, are crucial regulators of both normal and pathological cellular processes. Each of these isoforms exhibits a high level of homology and functional redundancy with each other. However, while being highly similar and structurally homologous, a rising amount of evidence is showing that each isoform possesses specific targets as well as preferential subcellular localization. The role of AKT has been studied extensively in reproductive processes, but isoform-specific roles are yet to be fully understood. This review will focus on the role of AKT in the uterus and its function in processes related to cell death and proliferation such as embryo implantation, decidualization, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer in an isoform-centric manner. In this review, we will cover the activation of AKT in various settings, localization of isoforms in subcellular compartments, and the effect of isoform expression on cellular processes. To fully understand the dynamic molecular processes taking place in the uterus, it is crucial that we better understand the physiological role of AKT isoforms as well as their function in the emergence of diseases.
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Zhang H, Liu J, Zhao X, Liang B, Wen Z, Li M. Loss of PP2A and PTEN immunoexpression coexists with survivin overexpression in adenomyosis. Reprod Biol 2014; 14:200-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Samartzis EP, Noske A, Dedes KJ, Fink D, Imesch P. ARID1A mutations and PI3K/AKT pathway alterations in endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:18824-49. [PMID: 24036443 PMCID: PMC3794809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140918824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease affecting 6%–10% of women of reproductive age and is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue in localizations outside of the uterine cavity as, e.g., endometriotic ovarian cysts. Mainly, two epithelial ovarian carcinoma subtypes, the ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC) and the endometrioid ovarian carcinomas (EnOC), have been molecularly and epidemiologically linked to endometriosis. Mutations in the gene encoding the AT-rich interacting domain containing protein 1A (ARID1A) have been found to occur in high frequency in OCCC and EnOC. The majority of these mutations lead to a loss of expression of the ARID1A protein, which is a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and considered as a bona fide tumor suppressor. ARID1A mutations frequently co-occur with mutations, leading to an activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, such as mutations in PIK3CA encoding the catalytic subunit, p110α, of PI3K. In combination with recent functional observations, these findings strongly suggest cooperating mechanisms between the two pathways. The occurrence of ARID1A mutations and alterations in the PI3K/AKT pathway in endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas, as well as the possible functional and clinical implications are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios P. Samartzis
- Division of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland; E-Mails: (E.P.S.); (K.J.D.); (D.F.)
| | - Aurelia Noske
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland; E-Mail:
| | - Konstantin J. Dedes
- Division of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland; E-Mails: (E.P.S.); (K.J.D.); (D.F.)
| | - Daniel Fink
- Division of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland; E-Mails: (E.P.S.); (K.J.D.); (D.F.)
| | - Patrick Imesch
- Division of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland; E-Mails: (E.P.S.); (K.J.D.); (D.F.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +41-44-255-52-00; Fax: +41-44-255-44-33
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Zhang H, Guo Q, Wang C, Yan L, Fu Y, Fan M, Zhao X, Li M. Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (Dusp6), a negative regulator of FGF2/ERK1/2 signaling, enhances 17β-estradiol-induced cell growth in endometrial adenocarcinoma cell. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 376:60-9. [PMID: 23419500 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (Dusp6) is a negative feedback mechanism of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK1/2 signaling. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of Dusp6 in human endometrial adenocarcinomas and the role of Dusp6 expression in the growth regulation of endometrial adenocarcinoma cell. We found that Dusp6 was over-expressed in human endometrial adenocarcinomas. In Ishikawa cells, plasmid-driven Dusp6 expression efficiently blocked the activity of FGF2-induced MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling. Unexpectedly, Dusp6 expression significantly enhanced the growth of Ishikawa cells. In Dusp6 forced-expression cells, 17β-estradiol stimulation increased the cell growth by all most threefolds. In addition, progesterone treatment reduced the cell growth to about half both in Ishikawa cells with and without forced-Dusp6-expression. Dusp6 over-expression is involved in the pathogenesis and development of human endometrial adenocarcinomas. Dusp6 functions as a negative regulator of FGF2/ERK1/2 signaling but enhances the growth and 17β-estradiol-induced cell growth in endometrial adenocarcinoma cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
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Survivin promoter polymorphisms and autoantibodies in endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2012; 96:95-100. [PMID: 23131769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is increased in endometriotic lesions and probably favors the survival of endometrial fragments in the peritoneal cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between survivin promoter polymorphisms and the risk of endometriosis, as well as to compare the immunoreactivity to survivin in sera of patients with and without endometriosis. We studied 149 women with endometriosis, 196 fertile women from the general population (control group A) and 47 women who had undergone diagnostic laparoscopy and had no evidence of endometriosis (control group B). There were no significant differences in the genotypic distribution of the survivin gene promoter region -241C/T, -235G/A and -31G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) between endometriosis patients and the two control groups. In addition, also median anti-survivin autoantibody levels were similar among patients and controls (group B). However, anti-survivin antibody concentrations seemed to be influenced by cigarette smoking, being significantly lower in sera of actively smoking women compared to non-smokers (median OD: 0.019 vs. 0.155, respectively, P<0.001), and by the -235G/A SNP, as A allele carriers were significantly more frequent among women with a high antibody level (OD≥2.0) compared to those with lower concentrations (OD<2.0) (23.1% vs. 4.1%, respectively, P=0.008). Based on these results, we conclude that survivin promoter polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to endometriosis in the Estonian population, and though the expression of survivin is increased in endometriotic lesions, autoimmune reactivity against it is similar in women with and without the disease.
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Han SJ, Hawkins SM, Begum K, Jung SY, Kovanci E, Qin J, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ, O'Malley BW. A new isoform of steroid receptor coactivator-1 is crucial for pathogenic progression of endometriosis. Nat Med 2012; 18:1102-11. [PMID: 22660634 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is considered to be an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease, but its etiology is unclear. Thus far, a mechanistic role for steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) in the progression of endometriosis has not been elucidated. An SRC-1-null mouse model reveals that the mouse SRC-1 gene has an essential role in endometriosis progression. Notably, a previously unidentified 70-kDa SRC-1 proteolytic isoform is highly elevated both in the endometriotic tissue of mice with surgically induced endometriosis and in endometriotic stromal cells biopsied from patients with endometriosis compared to normal endometrium. Tnf⁻/⁻ and Mmp9⁻/⁻ mice with surgically induced endometriosis showed that activation of tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α)-induced matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) activity mediates formation of the 70-kDa SRC-1 C-terminal isoform in endometriotic mouse tissue. In contrast to full-length SRC-1, the endometriotic 70-kDa SRC-1 C-terminal fragment prevents TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in human endometrial epithelial cells and causes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the invasion of human endometrial cells that are hallmarks of progressive endometriosis. Collectively, the newly identified TNF-α-MMP9-SRC-1 isoform functional axis promotes pathogenic progression of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Survivin, MMP-2, MT1-MMP, and TIMP-2: their impact on survival, implantation, and proliferation of endometriotic tissues. Virchows Arch 2012; 461:589-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-012-1301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Tasdemir N, Kilic S, Lortlar N, Yuksel B, Goker U, Ozaksit G. Time dependent influence of etonogestrel on the caspase-3 immunoreactivity and apoptotic indexes of rat uterus and ovaries. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012; 28:463-7. [PMID: 22578029 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2011.633652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is necessary for the balance between cell proliferation and loss. Thirty-six Wistar-Albino rats were subjected to investigate apoptotic effect of widely used implantable progestins on ovarian and uterine tissues. Rats were divided into 6 groups. In the first five groups, we applied etonogestrel (IMP) subcutaneous implants (n = 30). The rats in groups were sacrificed sequentially every 10 days after application. The rats in the last group (n = 6) were accepted as controls. Apoptotic index (AI) values and Caspase-3 immunoreactivities of ovaries and uterus were recorded. In IMP groups, AI and Hscore values in stroma and glandular epithelium of uterus, granulosa and teca-lutein cells of the ovary increased with the longer progesterone exposure. Increase in AI and Hscore values were more prominent after 30 days of exposure for teca-lutein cells of ovary. Progestins increased apoptosis in ovaries and uterus by the longer exposure. Apoptosis increased in ovaries by chronic progesterone exposure. The apoptotic effect of progestin on endometrium is clear but long-term systemic application may lead to alterations in ovarian physiology. We evaluated time dependent apoptotic effect of etonogestrel on reproductive physiology and discussed progestins effect from another point of view in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicel Tasdemir
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey.
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Makker A, Goel MM, Das V, Agarwal A. PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine leiomyomas and endometriosis: an update. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012; 28:175-81. [PMID: 21916800 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2011.583955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAP kinase are two important cell signaling pathways that are activated by steroid hormones and growth factors leading to cellular events including gene expression, cell proliferation and survival. These pathways are considered as an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer molecules, and selective inhibitors specifically targeting different components of these cascades have been developed. This review summarizes the current available knowledge on the PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAPK pathways and their targeting in estrogen-dependent benign gynecological disorders viz. polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine leiomyomas and endometriosis, which are a significant cause of high morbidity in women of reproductive age group. Increasing knowledge about the role of the two growth regulatory pathways in the pathogenesis of these disorders may give the opportunity to use specific signal transduction inhibitors for management of these patients in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Makker
- Post-Graduate Department of Pathology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India.
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Shi M, Zhang H, Li M, Xue J, Fu Y, Yan L, Zhao X. Normal endometrial stromal cells regulate survival and apoptosis signaling through PI3K/AKt/Survivin pathway in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 123:387-92. [PMID: 21794903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroma-tumor communication plays an important role in the genesis of neoplasia. In the current study, we investigated the effect of normal stromal cells on the survival and apoptosis signaling of endometrial cancer cells and further explored the possible mechanism implied in this communication. METHODS Using primarily cultured normal endometrial stromal cells and an endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line, Ishikawa cells, we established a 2D-coculture system to observe the stromal cell-tumor cell crosstalk in endometrial carcinomas. Using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays, cell counting and colony formation assays, we analyzed the effect of stomal cells on the growth and proliferation of Ishikawa cells under different conditions. Using western blot analysis, we determined the effect of stromal cells on the activity of PI3K/AKt/Survivin signaling in Ishikawa cells under different conditions. Using immunohistochemistry analysis, we determined the expression of Survivin in normal endometria and endometrial adenocarcinomas. RESULTS We found that the paracrine factors from normal endometrial stromal cells grown on Matrigel repeatedly and significantly decreased hormone-stimulated activity of PI3K/AKt/Survivin signaling in Ishikawa cells, which were proved to be increased in endometrial adenocarcinoma and essential in hormone-induced cell growth in Ishikawa cells. CONCLUSION Paracrine factors from normal endometrial stromal cells can inhibit hormone-stimulated cell proliferation in Ishikawa cells by regulating cell survival and apoptosis through PI3K/AKt/Survivin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shandong University, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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