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Di Mattia M, Mauro A, Citeroni MR, Dufrusine B, Peserico A, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Dainese E, Cimini A, Barboni B. Insight into Hypoxia Stemness Control. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082161. [PMID: 34440930 PMCID: PMC8394199 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the research on stemness and multilineage differentiation mechanisms has greatly increased its value due to the potential therapeutic impact of stem cell-based approaches. Stem cells modulate their self-renewing and differentiation capacities in response to endogenous and/or extrinsic factors that can control stem cell fate. One key factor controlling stem cell phenotype is oxygen (O2). Several pieces of evidence demonstrated that the complexity of reproducing O2 physiological tensions and gradients in culture is responsible for defective stem cell behavior in vitro and after transplantation. This evidence is still worsened by considering that stem cells are conventionally incubated under non-physiological air O2 tension (21%). Therefore, the study of mechanisms and signaling activated at lower O2 tension, such as those existing under native microenvironments (referred to as hypoxia), represent an effective strategy to define if O2 is essential in preserving naïve stemness potential as well as in modulating their differentiation. Starting from this premise, the goal of the present review is to report the status of the art about the link existing between hypoxia and stemness providing insight into the factors/molecules involved, to design targeted strategies that, recapitulating naïve O2 signals, enable towards the therapeutic use of stem cell for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-086-1426-6888; Fax: +39-08-6126-6860
| | - Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Beatrice Dufrusine
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Enrico Dainese
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
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Au HK, Peng SW, Guo CL, Lin CC, Wang YL, Kuo YC, Law TY, Ho HN, Ling TY, Huang YH. Niche Laminin and IGF-1 Additively Coordinate the Maintenance of Oct-4 Through CD49f/IGF-1R-Hif-2α Feedforward Loop in Mouse Germline Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646644. [PMID: 34381769 PMCID: PMC8351907 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism on how extracellular matrix (ECM) cooperates with niche growth factors and oxygen tension to regulate the self-renewal of embryonic germline stem cells (GSCs) still remains unclear. Lacking of an appropriate in vitro cell model dramatically hinders the progress. Herein, using a serum-free culture system, we demonstrated that ECM laminin cooperated with hypoxia and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) to additively maintain AP activity and Oct-4 expression of AP+GSCs. We found the laminin receptor CD49f expression in d2 testicular GSCs that were surrounded by laminin. Laminin and hypoxia significantly increased the GSC stemness-related genes, including Hif-2α, Oct-4, IGF-1R, and CD49f. Cotreatment of IGF-1 and laminin additively increased the expression of IGF-IR, CD49f, Hif-2α, and Oct-4. Conversely, silencing IGF-1R and/or CD49f decreased the expression of Hif-2α and Oct-4. The underlying mechanism involved CD49f/IGF1R-(PI3K/AKT)-Hif-2α signaling loop, which in turn maintains Oct-4 expression, symmetric self-renewal, and cell migration. These findings reveal the additive niche laminin/IGF-IR network during early GSC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Kien Au
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Wei Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chia Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsz-Yau Law
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak M, Ranjan R, Soni YK, Singh MK, Pourouchottamane R, Chauhan MS. Low oxygen tension potentiates proliferation and stemness but not multilineage differentiation of caprine male germline stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5063-5074. [PMID: 34148207 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The milieu of male germline stem cells (mGSCs) is characterized as a low-oxygen (O2) environment, whereas, their in-vitro expansion is typically performed under normoxia (20-21% O2). The comparative information about the effects of low and normal O2 levels on the growth and differentiation of caprine mGSCs (cmGSCs) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to investigate the functional and multilineage differentiation characteristics of enriched cmGSCs, when grown under hypoxia and normoxia. After enrichment of cmGSCs through multiple methods (differential platting and Percoll-density gradient centrifugation), the growth characteristics of cells [population-doubling time (PDT), viability, proliferation, and senescence], and expression of key-markers of adhesion (β-integrin and E-Cadherin) and stemness (OCT-4, THY-1 and UCHL-1) were evaluated under hypoxia (5% O2) and normoxia (21% O2). Furthermore, the extent of multilineage differentiation (neurogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation) under different culture conditions was assessed. The survival, viability, and proliferation were significantly (p < 0.05) improved, thus, yielding a significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of viable cells with larger colonies under hypoxia. Furthermore, the expression of stemness and adhesion markers were distinctly upregulated under lowered O2 conditions. Conversely, the differentiated regions and expression of differentiation-specific genes [C/EBPα (adipogenic), nestin and β-tubulin (neurogenic), and COL2A1 (chondrogenic)] were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under hypoxia. Overall, the results demonstrate that culturing cmGSCs under hypoxia augments the growth characteristics and stemness but not the multilineage differentiation of cmGSCs, as compared with normoxia. These data are important to develop robust methodologies for ex-vivo expansion and lineage-committed differentiation of cmGSCs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ramasamy Pourouchottamane
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
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Immuno-Metabolism: The Role of Cancer Niche in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031258. [PMID: 33514004 PMCID: PMC7865434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in treating cancer has revolutionized the approach to eradicate cancer cells by reactivating immune responses. However, only a subset of patients benefits from this treatment; the majority remains unresponsive or develops resistance to ICI therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic machinery in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a role in the development of ICI resistance. Within the TME, nutrients and oxygen are scarce, forcing immune cells to undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to harsh conditions. Cancer-induced metabolic deregulation in immune cells can attenuate their anti-cancer properties, but can also increase their immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, targeting metabolic pathways of immune cells in the TME may strengthen the efficacy of ICIs and prevent ICI resistance. In this review, we discuss the interactions of immune cells and metabolic alterations in the TME. We also discuss current therapies targeting cellular metabolism in combination with ICIs for the treatment of cancer, and provide possible mechanisms behind the cellular metabolic rewiring that may improve clinical outcomes.
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Chen PC, Kuo YC, Chuong CM, Huang YH. Niche Modulation of IGF-1R Signaling: Its Role in Stem Cell Pluripotency, Cancer Reprogramming, and Therapeutic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:625943. [PMID: 33511137 PMCID: PMC7835526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.625943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells work with their niches harmoniously during development. This concept has been extended to cancer pathology for cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer reprogramming. IGF-1R, a classical survival signaling, has been shown to regulate stem cell pluripotency, CSCs, or cancer reprogramming. The mechanism underlying such cell fate determination is unclear. We propose the determination is due to different niches in embryo development and tumor malignancy which modulate the consequences of IGF-1R signaling. Here we highlight the modulations of these niche parameters (hypoxia, inflammation, extracellular matrix), and the targeted stem cells (embryonic stem cells, germline stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells) and CSCs, with relevance to cancer reprogramming. We organize known interaction between IGF-1R signaling and distinct niches in the double-sided cell fate with emerging trends highlighted. Based on these new insights, we propose that, through targeting IGF-1R signaling modulation, stem cell therapy and cancer stemness treatment can be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Kuo YC, Au HK, Hsu JL, Wang HF, Lee CJ, Peng SW, Lai SC, Wu YC, Ho HN, Huang YH. IGF-1R Promotes Symmetric Self-Renewal and Migration of Alkaline Phosphatase + Germ Stem Cells through HIF-2α-OCT4/CXCR4 Loop under Hypoxia. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:524-537. [PMID: 29307582 PMCID: PMC5830933 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia cooperates with endocrine signaling to maintain the symmetric self-renewal proliferation and migration of embryonic germline stem cells (GSCs). However, the lack of an appropriate in vitro cell model has dramatically hindered the understanding of the mechanism underlying this cooperation. Here, using a serum-free system, we demonstrated that hypoxia significantly induced the GSC mesenchymal transition, increased the expression levels of the pluripotent transcription factor OCT4 and migration-associated proteins (SDF-1, CXCR4, IGF-1, and IGF-1R), and activated the cellular expression and translocalization of the CXCR4-downstream proteins ARP3/pFAK. The underlying mechanism involved significant IGF-1/IGF-1R activation of OCT4/CXCR4 expression through HIF-2α regulation. Picropodophyllin-induced inhibition of IGF-1R phosphorylation significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced SDF-1/CXCR4 expression and cell migration. Furthermore, transactivation between IGF-1R and CXCR4 was involved. In summary, we demonstrated that niche hypoxia synergistically cooperates with its associated IGF-1R signaling to regulate the symmetric division (self-renewal proliferation) and cell migration of alkaline phosphatase-positive GSCs through HIF-2α-OCT4/CXCR4 during embryogenesis. Hypoxia regulated AP+GSC self-renewal and cell migration via IGF-1R and CXCR4 Hypoxia increased IGF1/IGF-1R and SDF-1/CXCR4 to promote AP+GSC migration Crosstalk of IGF-1/IGF-1R and SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling in AP+GSCs under hypoxia Inhibition of IGF-1R phosphorylation suppressed hypoxia-induced cell migration
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Kien Au
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jue-Liang Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 91201 Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ju Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Wei Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Chuan Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wu
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10002 Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, National Taiwan University and Hospital, 10041 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, 10031 Taipei, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 10031 Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Cannarella R, Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Calogero AE. Effects of the insulin-like growth factor system on testicular differentiation and function: a review of the literature. Andrology 2017; 6:3-9. [PMID: 29195026 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We recently described the occurrence of cryptorchidism, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, and genital abnormalities in patients with distal 15q chromosome structural abnormalities. This observation brought us to hypothesize that insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor (IGF1R), mapping on the 15q 26.3 chromosomal band, may be involved in testicular function. To further evaluate this topic, we reviewed in vitro and in vivo studies exploring the role of the IGF system [IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, insulin receptor substrates (IRS)] at the testicular level both in animals and in humans. In animals, IGF1/IGF1R has been found to be involved in testicular development during embryogenesis, in Sertoli cell (SC) proliferation, and in germ cell (GS) proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, IGF1R seems to mediate follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) effects through the PI3K/AKT pathway. In humans, IGF1 directly increases testicular volume. The molecular pathways responsible for testicular differentiation and IGF1/IGF1R signaling are highly conserved among species; therefore, the IGF system may be involved in FSH signaling also in humans. We suggest a possible molecular pathway occurring in human SCs, which involves both IGF1 and FSH through the PI3K/AKT pathway. The acknowledgment of an IGF1 mediation of the FSH-induced effects may open new ways for a targeted therapy in idiopathic non-FSH-responder oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - S La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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8
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Song HW, Bettegowda A, Lake BB, Zhao AH, Skarbrevik D, Babajanian E, Sukhwani M, Shum EY, Phan MH, Plank TDM, Richardson ME, Ramaiah M, Sridhar V, de Rooij DG, Orwig KE, Zhang K, Wilkinson MF. The Homeobox Transcription Factor RHOX10 Drives Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell Establishment. Cell Rep 2017; 17:149-164. [PMID: 27681428 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental origins of most adult stem cells are poorly understood. Here, we report the identification of a transcription factor-RHOX10-critical for the initial establishment of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Conditional loss of the entire 33-gene X-linked homeobox gene cluster that includes Rhox10 causes progressive spermatogenic decline, a phenotype indistinguishable from that caused by loss of only Rhox10. We demonstrate that this phenotype results from dramatically reduced SSC generation. By using a battery of approaches, including single-cell-RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, we show that Rhox10 drives SSC generation by promoting pro-spermatogonia differentiation. Rhox10 also regulates batteries of migration genes and promotes the migration of pro-spermatogonia into the SSC niche. The identification of an X-linked homeobox gene that drives the initial generation of SSCs has implications for the evolution of X-linked gene clusters and sheds light on regulatory mechanisms influencing adult stem cell generation in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Song
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anilkumar Bettegowda
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Blue B Lake
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Adrienne H Zhao
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Skarbrevik
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eric Babajanian
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Meena Sukhwani
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Eleen Y Shum
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mimi H Phan
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Terra-Dawn M Plank
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Marcy E Richardson
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Ramaiah
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Sridhar
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dirk G de Rooij
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kyle E Orwig
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- School of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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9
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Yuan J, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G, Gao J. Function of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:41-47. [PMID: 29285186 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a primary cause of chemotherapeutic failure; however, how this resistance develops is complex. A comprehensive understanding of chemotherapeutic resistance mechanisms may aid in identifying more effective drugs and improve the survival rates of patients with cancer. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), a member of the insulin receptor family, has been extensively assessed for biological activity, and its putative contribution to tumor cell development and progression. Furthermore, researchers have attended to drugs that target IGF1R since IGF1R functions as a membrane receptor. However, how IGF1R participates in chemotherapeutic resistance remains unclear. Therefore, the present study described the IGF1R gene and its associated signaling pathways, and offered details of IGF1R-induced tumor chemoresistance associated with promoting cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins and interactions with the extracellular matrix. The present study offered additional explanations for tumor chemotherapy resistance and provided a theoretical basis of IGF1R and its downstream pathways for future possible chemotherapy treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guobing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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10
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An injectable non-cross-linked hyaluronic-acid gel containing therapeutic spheroids of human adipose-derived stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1548. [PMID: 28484208 PMCID: PMC5431556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For chronic wounds, the delivery of stem cells in spheroidal structures can enhance graft survival and stem cell potency. We describe an easy method for the 3D culture of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) to prepare a ready-to-use injectable. We transferred suspensions of monolayer-cultured ASCs to a syringe containing hyaluronic acid (HA) gel, and then incubated the syringe as a 3D culture vessel. Spheroids of cells formed after 12 h. We found that 6 × 106 ASCs/ml in 3% HA gel achieved the highest spheroid density with appropriate spheroid sizes (20-100 µm). Immunocytology revealed that the stem cell markers, NANOG, OCT3/4, SOX-2, and SSEA-3 were up-regulated in the ASC spheroids compared with those in nonadherent-dish spheroids or in monolayer cultured ASCs. In delayed wound healing mice models, diabetic ulcers treated with ASC spheroids demonstrated faster wound epithelialization with thicker dermis than those treated with vehicle alone or monolayer cultured ASCs. In irradiated skin ulcers in immunodeficient mice, ASC spheroids exhibited faster healing and outstanding angiogenic potential partly by direct differentiation into α-SMA+ pericytes. Our method of 3D in-syringe HA gel culture produced clinically relevant amounts of ready-to-inject human ASC microspheroids that exhibited superior stemness in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in pathological wound repair in vivo.
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Garg N, Sinclair DA. Oogonial stem cells as a model to study age-associated infertility in women. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 27:969-74. [PMID: 25897831 DOI: 10.1071/rd14461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertility is the first biological process to break down during aging, thereby making it a useful tool to understand fundamental processes of aging. Reproductive aging in females is associated with a loss of ovarian function characterised by a reduction in the number and quality of oocytes. The central dogma, namely that females are born with a fixed pool of oocytes that progressively decline with increasing maternal age, has been challenged by evidence supporting postnatal oogenesis in mammals. Reports demonstrating formation of new oocytes from newly discovered germline stem cells, referred to as oogonial stem cells (OSCs), has opened new avenues for treatment of female infertility. In this review we discuss why the OSCs possibly lose their regenerative potential over time, and focus specifically on the aging process in germline stem cells as a possible mechanism for understanding female age-related infertility and how we can slow or delay ovarian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Garg
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Sinclair
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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12
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Brill JA, Yildirim S, Fabian L. Phosphoinositide signaling in sperm development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 59:2-9. [PMID: 27321976 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs)1 are membrane lipids with crucial roles during cell morphogenesis, including the establishment of cytoskeletal organization, membrane trafficking, cell polarity, cell-cycle control and signaling. Recent studies in mice (Mus musculus), fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and other organisms have defined germ cell intrinsic requirements for these lipids and their regulatory enzymes in multiple aspects of sperm development. In particular, PIP levels are crucial in germline stem cell maintenance, spermatogonial proliferation and survival, spermatocyte cytokinesis, spermatid polarization, sperm tail formation, nuclear shaping, and production of mature, motile sperm. Here, we briefly review the stages of spermatogenesis and discuss the roles of PIPs and their regulatory enzymes in male germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Brill
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G OA4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Sukriye Yildirim
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G OA4, Canada.
| | - Lacramioara Fabian
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G OA4, Canada.
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13
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Au HK, Chang JH, Wu YC, Kuo YC, Chen YH, Lee WC, Chang TS, Lan PC, Kuo HC, Lee KL, Lee MT, Tzeng CR, Huang YH. TGF-βI Regulates Cell Migration through Pluripotent Transcription Factor OCT4 in Endometriosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145256. [PMID: 26675296 PMCID: PMC4682958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF-β)/TGF-β receptor signal is known to promote cell migration. Up-regulation of TGF-β in serum/peritoneal fluid and increased levels of pluripotent transcription factor OCT4 in endometriotic tissues are frequently observed in patients with endometriosis. However, the mechanisms underlying how TGF-β/TGF-β receptor and OCT4 affect endometriotic cell migration still remain largely unknown. Therefore, endometriotic tissue with high cell migratory capacity were collected from patients with adenomyotic myometrium (n = 23) and chocolate cyst (n = 24); and endometrial tissue with low cell migratory capacity in normal endometrium or hyperplastic endometrium (n = 8) were collected as the controls. We found the mRNA levels of TGF-β receptor I (TGF-β RI) and OCT4 were significantly higher in the high-migratory ectopic endometriotic tissues than those of the low-migratory normal or hyperplastic endometrium. Positive correlations between TGF-β RI and OCT4, and either TGF-β RI or OCT4 with migration-related genes (SNAIL, SLUG and TWIST) regarding the mRNA levels were observed in human endometriotic tissues. TGF-βI dose-dependently increased the gene and protein levels of OCT4, SNAIL and N-Cadherin (N-CAD) and silencing of endogenous OCT4 significantly suppressed the TGF-βI-induced expressions of N-CAD and SNAIL in primary human endometriotic stromal cells and human endometrial carcinoma cell lines RL95-2 and HEC1A. Furthermore, TGF-βI significantly increased the migration ability of endometriotic cells and silencing of OCT4 dramatically suppressed the TGF-βI-induced cell migration activity evidenced by wound-closure assay, transwell assay, and confocal image of F-actin cellular distribution. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrate that the niche TGF-β plays a critical role in initiating expressions of pluripotent transcription factor OCT4 which may contribute to the ectopic endometrial growth by stimulating endometrial cell migration. These findings would be useful for developing therapeutic strategies targeting TGF-β-OCT4 signaling to prevent endometriosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Kien Au
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kha-Liang Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Tsu Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Ruey Tzeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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14
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Lee KL, Kuo YC, Ho YS, Huang YH. Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO mutant that produces altered elastase. J Bacteriol 1980; 11:cancers11091334. [PMID: 31505803 PMCID: PMC6769912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein which accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is considered to be a poorer prognosis than other types of breast cancer, mainly because it involves more aggressive phenotypes that are similar to stem cell–like cancer cells (cancer stem cell, CSC). Thus, targeted treatment of TNBC remains a major challenge in clinical practice. This review article surveys the latest evidence concerning the role of genomic alteration in current TNBC treatment responses, current clinical trials and potential targeting sites, CSC and drug resistance, and potential strategies targeting CSCs in TNBC. Furthermore, the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in stemness expression, chemoresistance, and metastasis in TNBC and their relevance to potential treatments are also discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kha-Liang Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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