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Yu S, Wu R, Si Y, Fan Z, Wang Y, Yao C, Sun R, Xue Y, Chen Y, Wang Z, Dong S, Wang N, Ling X, Liang Z, Bi C, Yang Y, Dong W, Sun H. Alternative splicing of ALDOA confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03134-w. [PMID: 39164523 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The cancer-associated alternative splicing (AS) events generate cancer-related transcripts which are involved in uncontrolled cell proliferation and drug resistance. However, the key AS variants implicated in tamoxifen (TAM) resistance in breast cancer remain elusive. In the current study, we investigated the landscape of AS events in nine pairs of primary and relapse breast tumors from patients receiving TAM-based therapy. We unrevealed a notable association between the inclusion of exon 7.2 in the 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) of ALDOA mRNA and TAM resistance. Mechanistically, the inclusion of ALDOA exon 7.2 enhances the translation efficiency of the transcript, resulting in increased ALDOA protein expression, mTOR pathway activity, and the promotion of TAM resistance in breast cancer cells. Moreover, the inclusion of exon 7.2 in ALDOA mRNA is mediated by MSI1 via direct interaction. In addition, elevated inclusion of ALDOA exon 7.2 or expression of MSI1 is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients undergoing endocrine therapy. Notably, treatment with Aldometanib, an ALDOA inhibitor, effectively restrains the growth of TAM-resistant breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The present study unveils the pivotal role of an AS event in ALDOA, under the regulation of MSI1, in driving TAM resistance in breast cancer. Therefore, this study provides a promising therapeutic avenue targeting ALDOA to combat TAM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Yu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Si
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongmao Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaji Xue
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongli Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Department of Pathology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Ling
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyan Liang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Caili Bi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Weibing Dong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.
| | - Haibo Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China.
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Zhang Q, Liu L. Novel insights into small open reading frame-encoded micropeptides in hepatocellular carcinoma: A potential breakthrough. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216691. [PMID: 38360139 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are regarded as a class of RNA transcripts that lack encoding capability; however, advancements in technology have revealed that some ncRNAs contain small open reading frames (sORFs) that are capable of encoding micropeptides of approximately 150 amino acids in length. sORF-encoded micropeptides (SEPs) have emerged as intriguing entities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research, shedding light on this previously unexplored realm. Recent studies have highlighted the regulatory functions of SEPs in the occurrence and progression of HCC. Some SEPs exhibit inhibitory effects on HCC, but others facilitate its development. This discovery has revolutionized the landscape of HCC research and clinical management. Here, we introduce the concept and characteristics of SEPs, summarize their associations with HCC, and elucidate their carcinogenic mechanisms in HCC metabolism, signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, we propose a step-by-step workflow for the investigation of HCC-associated SEPs. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and prospects of applying SEPs in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. This review aims to facilitate the discovery, optimization, and clinical application of HCC-related SEPs, inspiring the development of early diagnostic, individualized, and precision therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangnu Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), 518020, Shenzhen, China.
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