1
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Liu P, Lin C, Liu L, Lu Z, Tu Z, Liu H. RAD54B mutations enhance the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102354. [PMID: 35952757 PMCID: PMC9463535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethal targeting of homologous recombination (HR)–deficient ovarian cancers (OvCas) with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) has attracted considerable attention. Olaparib was the first PARPi approved by the Food and Drug Administration, offering significant clinical benefits in BRCA1/2-deficient OvCas. However, only approximately 20% of OvCa patients harbor BRCA1/2 mutations. Given the shared roles that BRCA1/2 have with other HR regulators, alterations in HR genes may also contribute to “BRCAness profiles” in OvCas. RAD54B has been considered a key player in HR repair, although its roles and therapeutic potential in cancers need further investigation. Here, we identified 22 frequently mutated HR genes by whole-exome sequencing of OvCa tissues from 82 patients. To our surprise, 7.3% of patients were found to harbor mutations of RAD54B, the third-highest mutated gene among patients. We determined that RAD54B-mutated tumor tissues harbored more DNA double-strand breaks than normal tissues. Additionally, we found that RAD54B knockdown inhibited HR repair, enhanced sensitivities of OvCa cells with increased DNA double-strand breaks to olaparib, and induced apoptosis. Enhanced inhibitory effects of olaparib on the growth of ES2 xenograft tumors were further demonstrated by RAD54B knockdown. Finally, we show that restoration with wildtype RAD54B rather than RAD54BN593S and RAD54BH219Y, identified in patients, abolished the effects of RAD54B knockdown, indicating these RAD54B mutants probably malfunctioned in HR repair. Our investigations may offer insight into the contributions of RAD54B mutations to synthetic lethality with olaparib treatment in OvCas, enrich the gene list for “HR deficiency scoring,” and expand the applications of PARPis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Chunxiu Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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2
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Selemenakis P, Sharma N, Uhrig ME, Katz J, Kwon Y, Sung P, Wiese C. RAD51AP1 and RAD54L Can Underpin Two Distinct RAD51-Dependent Routes of DNA Damage Repair via Homologous Recombination. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:866601. [PMID: 35652094 PMCID: PMC9149245 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.866601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination DNA repair (HR) is a complex DNA damage repair pathway and an attractive target of inhibition in anti-cancer therapy. To help guide the development of efficient HR inhibitors, it is critical to identify compensatory HR sub-pathways. In this study, we describe a novel synthetic interaction between RAD51AP1 and RAD54L, two structurally unrelated proteins that function downstream of the RAD51 recombinase in HR. We show that concomitant deletion of RAD51AP1 and RAD54L further sensitizes human cancer cell lines to treatment with olaparib, a Poly (adenosine 5′-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, to the DNA inter-strand crosslinking agent mitomycin C, and to hydroxyurea, which induces DNA replication stress. We also show that the RAD54L paralog RAD54B compensates for RAD54L deficiency, although, surprisingly, less extensively than RAD51AP1. These results, for the first time, delineate RAD51AP1- and RAD54L-dependent sub-pathways and will guide the development of inhibitors that target HR stimulators of strand invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Platon Selemenakis
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Mollie E Uhrig
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jeffrey Katz
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Youngho Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Patrick Sung
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Claudia Wiese
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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3
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Russo A, Cordelli E, Salvitti T, Palumbo E, Pacchierotti F. Rad54/Rad54B deficiency is associated to increased chromosome breakage in mouse spermatocytes. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:323-332. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenia Cordelli
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Tullia Salvitti
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Palumbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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4
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McAndrew EN, Lepage CC, McManus KJ. The synthetic lethal killing of RAD54B-deficient colorectal cancer cells by PARP1 inhibition is enhanced with SOD1 inhibition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87417-87430. [PMID: 27902462 PMCID: PMC5349998 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death throughout the world. Despite improved screening efforts, most CRCs are diagnosed at late stages when surgery alone is not curative. Moreover, the low 5-year survival rate (~8-13%) for those living with stage IV CRC highlights the need for better treatment options. Many current chemotherapeutic approaches are non-specific and associated with side effects due to their tendency to target both normal and cancer cells. To address this issue, synthetic lethal (SL) approaches are now being explored in cancer and are defined as the lethal combination of two independently viable mutations/deletions. From a therapeutic perspective, SL interactors of genes mutated in cancer serve as candidate drug targets. The present study focuses on RAD54B, a gene that is aberrantly expressed in many cancer types, including CRC. We show that PARP1 silencing or inhibition (BMN673 or Olaparib) leads to selective killing within RAD54B-deficient cells relative to controls, and is accompanied by increases in γ-H2AX (a surrogate marker of DNA double strand breaks) and cleaved Caspase-3 (an apoptotic indicator). We further show that BMN673 synergizes with LCS-1 (an inhibitor of an established RAD54B SL interactor) to induce enhanced killing in RAD54B-deficient cells. Collectively, these data identify RAD54B and PARP1 as SL interactors, and thus reveal PARP1 as a novel candidate drug target in RAD54B-deficient CRCs. These findings further show that combinatorial chemotherapies involving multiple SL targets may promote synergistic killing within cancer cells, a strategy that may hold potential in many cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N McAndrew
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chloe C Lepage
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kirk J McManus
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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5
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BIME2, a novel gene required for interhomolog meiotic recombination in the protist model organism Tetrahymena. Chromosome Res 2017; 25:291-298. [PMID: 28803330 PMCID: PMC5662671 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-017-9563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Meiotic recombination is initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Most DSBs are converted into nonreciprocal exchanges (gene conversions) or crossovers (COs) between sister chromatids. Only a minority of DSBs are processed toward interhomolog COs, the precursors of the chiasmata that connect homologous chromosomes. Dmc1, the meiosis-specific paralog of the universal recombination protein Rad51, is required for interhomolog COs; in its absence, univalents are primarily formed. Here, we report a ciliate-specific novel meiotic gene, BIME2, which also promotes interhomolog crossing over. In the bime2Δ mutant, DSBs are formed and repaired normally, but bivalent formation is strongly reduced. Bime2 protein forms foci on chromatin during meiotic prophase, and chromatin localization of Bime2 and Dmc1 is largely interdependent. Bime2 distantly resembles budding yeast Rdh54/Tid1 and the vertebrate Rad54B helicases and may have similar functions in promoting or stabilizing Dmc1 nucleoprotein filaments.
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6
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Morozumi Y, Ino R, Takaku M, Hosokawa M, Chuma S, Kurumizaka H. Human PSF concentrates DNA and stimulates duplex capture in DMC1-mediated homologous pairing. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:3031-41. [PMID: 22156371 PMCID: PMC3326331 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PSF is considered to have multiple functions in RNA processing, transcription and DNA repair by mitotic recombination. In the present study, we found that PSF is produced in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids, suggesting that PSF may also function in meiotic recombination. We tested the effect of PSF on homologous pairing by the meiosis-specific recombinase DMC1, and found that human PSF robustly stimulated it. PSF synergistically enhanced the formation of a synaptic complex containing DMC1, ssDNA and dsDNA during homologous pairing. The PSF-mediated DMC1 stimulation may be promoted by its DNA aggregation activity, which increases the local concentrations of ssDNA and dsDNA for homologous pairing by DMC1. These results suggested that PSF may function as an activator for the meiosis-specific recombinase DMC1 in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Morozumi
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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7
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Ceballos SJ, Heyer WD. Functions of the Snf2/Swi2 family Rad54 motor protein in homologous recombination. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2011; 1809:509-23. [PMID: 21704205 PMCID: PMC3171615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination is a central pathway to maintain genomic stability and is involved in the repair of DNA damage and replication fork support, as well as accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis. Rad54 is a dsDNA-dependent ATPase of the Snf2/Swi2 family of SF2 helicases, although Rad54 lacks classical helicase activity and cannot carry out the strand displacement reactions typical for DNA helicases. Rad54 is a potent and processive motor protein that translocates on dsDNA, potentially executing several functions in recombinational DNA repair. Rad54 acts in concert with Rad51, the central protein of recombination that performs the key reactions of homology search and DNA strand invasion. Here, we will review the role of the Rad54 protein in homologous recombination with an emphasis on mechanistic studies with the yeast and human enzymes. We will discuss how these results relate to in vivo functions of Rad54 during homologous recombination in somatic cells and during meiosis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Snf2/Swi2 ATPase structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J. Ceballos
- Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8665
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Heyer
- Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8665
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8665
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8
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Saito K, Kagawa W, Suzuki T, Suzuki H, Yokoyama S, Saitoh H, Tashiro S, Dohmae N, Kurumizaka H. The putative nuclear localization signal of the human RAD52 protein is a potential sumoylation site. J Biochem 2010; 147:833-42. [PMID: 20190268 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD52, a key factor in homologous recombination (HR), plays important roles in both RAD51-dependent and -independent HR pathways. Several studies have suggested a link between the functional regulation of RAD52 and the protein modification by a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of RAD52 by SUMO is unknown. To begin investigating this mechanism, we identified possible target sites for sumoylation in the human RAD52 protein by preparing a RAD52-SUMO complex using an established Escherichia coli sumoylation system. Mass spectrometry and amino acid sequencing of the enzymatically digested fragments of the purified complex revealed that the putative nuclear localization signal located near the C terminus of RAD52 was sumoylated. Biochemical studies of the RAD52-SUMO complex suggested that sumoylation at the identified site has no apparent effect on the DNA binding, D-loop formation, ssDNA annealing and RAD51-binding activities of RAD52. On the other hand, visualization of the GFP-fused RAD52 protein in the human cell that contained mutations at the identified sumoylation sites showed clear differences in the cytosolic and nuclear distributions of the protein. These results suggest the possibility of sumoylation playing an important role in the nuclear transport of RAD52.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Saito
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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9
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Kagawa W, Kurumizaka H. From meiosis to postmeiotic events: uncovering the molecular roles of the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1. FEBS J 2009; 277:590-8. [PMID: 20015079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In meiosis, the accurate segregation of maternal and paternal chromosomes is accomplished by homologous recombination. A central player in meiotic recombination is the Dmc1 recombinase, a member of the RecA/Rad51 recombinase superfamily, which is widely conserved from viruses to humans. Dmc1 is a meiosis-specific protein that functions with the ubiquitously expressed homolog, the Rad51 recombinase, which is essential for both mitotic and meiotic recombination. Since its discovery, it has been speculated that Dmc1 is important for unique aspects of meiotic recombination. Understanding the distinctive properties of Dmc1, namely, the features that distinguish it from Rad51, will further clarify the mechanisms of meiotic recombination. Recent structural, biochemical, and genetic findings are now revealing the molecular mechanisms of Dmc1-mediated homologous recombination and its regulation by various recombination mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kagawa
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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10
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Schurko AM, Logsdon JM, Eads BD. Meiosis genes in Daphnia pulex and the role of parthenogenesis in genome evolution. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:78. [PMID: 19383157 PMCID: PMC2680839 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thousands of parthenogenetic animal species have been described and cytogenetic manifestations of this reproductive mode are well known. However, little is understood about the molecular determinants of parthenogenesis. The Daphnia pulex genome must contain the molecular machinery for different reproductive modes: sexual (both male and female meiosis) and parthenogenetic (which is either cyclical or obligate). This feature makes D. pulex an ideal model to investigate the genetic basis of parthenogenesis and its consequences for gene and genome evolution. Here we describe the inventory of meiotic genes and their expression patterns during meiotic and parthenogenetic reproduction to help address whether parthenogenesis uses existing meiotic and mitotic machinery, or whether novel processes may be involved. Results We report an inventory of 130 homologs representing over 40 genes encoding proteins with diverse roles in meiotic processes in the genome of D. pulex. Many genes involved in cell cycle regulation and sister chromatid cohesion are characterized by expansions in copy number. In contrast, most genes involved in DNA replication and homologous recombination are present as single copies. Notably, RECQ2 (which suppresses homologous recombination) is present in multiple copies while DMC1 is the only gene in our inventory that is absent in the Daphnia genome. Expression patterns for 44 gene copies were similar during meiosis versus parthenogenesis, although several genes displayed marked differences in expression level in germline and somatic tissues. Conclusion We propose that expansions in meiotic gene families in D. pulex may be associated with parthenogenesis. Taking into account our findings, we provide a mechanistic model of parthenogenesis, highlighting steps that must differ from meiosis including sister chromatid cohesion and kinetochore attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Schurko
- Roy J Carver Center for Comparative Genomics and Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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11
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Haseltine CA, Kowalczykowski SC. An archaeal Rad54 protein remodels DNA and stimulates DNA strand exchange by RadA. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:2757-70. [PMID: 19282450 PMCID: PMC2677860 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rad54 protein is a key member of the RAD52 epistasis group required for homologous recombination in eukaryotes. Rad54 is a duplex DNA translocase that remodels both DNA and protein–DNA complexes, and functions at multiple steps in the recombination process. Here we use biochemical criteria to demonstrate the existence of this important protein in a prokaryotic organism. The Sulfolobus solfataricus Rad54 (SsoRad54) protein is a double-strand DNA-dependent ATPase that can alter the topology of duplex DNA. Like its eukaryotic homolog, it interacts directly with the S. solfataricus Rad51 homologue, SsoRadA, to stimulate DNA strand exchange. Confirmation of this protein as an authentic Rad54 homolog establishes an essential phylogenetic bridge for identifying Rad54 homologs in the archaeal and bacterial domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Haseltine
- Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8665, USA
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12
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Sarai N, Kagawa W, Fujikawa N, Saito K, Hikiba J, Tanaka K, Miyagawa K, Kurumizaka H, Yokoyama S. Biochemical analysis of the N-terminal domain of human RAD54B. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:5441-50. [PMID: 18718930 PMCID: PMC2553597 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The human RAD54B protein is a paralog of the RAD54 protein, which plays important roles in homologous recombination. RAD54B contains an N-terminal region outside the SWI2/SNF2 domain that shares less conservation with the corresponding region in RAD54. The biochemical roles of this region of RAD54B are not known, although the corresponding region in RAD54 is known to physically interact with RAD51. In the present study, we have biochemically characterized an N-terminal fragment of RAD54B, consisting of amino acid residues 26-225 (RAD54B(26-225)). This fragment formed a stable dimer in solution and bound to branched DNA structures. RAD54B(26-225) also interacted with DMC1 in both the presence and absence of DNA. Ten DMC1 segments spanning the entire region of the DMC1 sequence were prepared, and two segments, containing amino acid residues 153-214 and 296-340, were found to directly bind to the N-terminal domain of RAD54B. A structural alignment of DMC1 with the Methanococcus voltae RadA protein, a homolog of DMC1 in the helical filament form, indicated that these RAD54B-binding sites are located near the ATP-binding site at the monomer-monomer interface in the DMC1 helical filament. Thus, RAD54B binding may affect the quaternary structure of DMC1. These observations suggest that the N-terminal domain of RAD54B plays multiple roles of in homologous recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Sarai
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Kagawa
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Norie Fujikawa
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kengo Saito
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Juri Hikiba
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanaka
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Miyagawa
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kurumizaka
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- Systems and Structural Biology Center, Yokohama Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 and Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center of Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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13
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Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) serves to eliminate deleterious lesions, such as double-stranded breaks and interstrand crosslinks, from chromosomes. HR is also critical for the preservation of replication forks, for telomere maintenance, and chromosome segregation in meiosis I. As such, HR is indispensable for the maintenance of genome integrity and the avoidance of cancers in humans. The HR reaction is mediated by a conserved class of enzymes termed recombinases. Two recombinases, Rad51 and Dmc1, catalyze the pairing and shuffling of homologous DNA sequences in eukaryotic cells via a filamentous intermediate on ssDNA called the presynaptic filament. The assembly of the presynaptic filament is a rate-limiting process that is enhanced by recombination mediators, such as the breast tumor suppressor BRCA2. HR accessory factors that facilitate other stages of the Rad51- and Dmc1-catalyzed homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange reaction have also been identified. Recent progress on elucidating the mechanisms of action of Rad51 and Dmc1 and their cohorts of ancillary factors is reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph San Filippo
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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14
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Murzik U, Hemmerich P, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Ulbricht T, Bussen W, Hentschel J, von Eggeling F, Melle C. Rad54B targeting to DNA double-strand break repair sites requires complex formation with S100A11. Mol Biol Cell 2008; 19:2926-35. [PMID: 18463164 PMCID: PMC2441681 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e07-11-1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A11 is involved in a variety of intracellular activities such as growth regulation and differentiation. To gain more insight into the physiological role of endogenously expressed S100A11, we used a proteomic approach to detect and identify interacting proteins in vivo. Hereby, we were able to detect a specific interaction between S100A11 and Rad54B, which could be confirmed under in vivo conditions. Rad54B, a DNA-dependent ATPase, is described to be involved in recombinational repair of DNA damage, including DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Treatment with bleomycin, which induces DSBs, revealed an increase in the degree of colocalization between S100A11 and Rad54B. Furthermore, S100A11/Rad54B foci are spatially associated with sites of DNA DSB repair. Furthermore, while the expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) was increased in parallel with DNA damage, its protein level was drastically down-regulated in damaged cells after S100A11 knockdown. Down-regulation of S100A11 by RNA interference also abolished Rad54B targeting to DSBs. Additionally, S100A11 down-regulated HaCaT cells showed a restricted proliferation capacity and an increase of the apoptotic cell fraction. These observations suggest that S100A11 targets Rad54B to sites of DNA DSB repair sites and identify a novel function for S100A11 in p21-based regulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Murzik
- *Core Unit Chip Application (CUCA), Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Hemmerich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fritz Lipmann Institut (FLI), Leibniz Institute for Age Research, 07708 Jena, Germany; and
| | - Stefanie Weidtkamp-Peters
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fritz Lipmann Institut (FLI), Leibniz Institute for Age Research, 07708 Jena, Germany; and
| | - Tobias Ulbricht
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fritz Lipmann Institut (FLI), Leibniz Institute for Age Research, 07708 Jena, Germany; and
| | - Wendy Bussen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06515
| | - Julia Hentschel
- *Core Unit Chip Application (CUCA), Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Ferdinand von Eggeling
- *Core Unit Chip Application (CUCA), Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Melle
- *Core Unit Chip Application (CUCA), Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07740 Jena, Germany
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15
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Sakane I, Kamataki C, Takizawa Y, Nakashima M, Toki S, Ichikawa H, Ikawa S, Shibata T, Kurumizaka H. Filament formation and robust strand exchange activities of the rice DMC1A and DMC1B proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:4266-76. [PMID: 18583359 PMCID: PMC2490746 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The DMC1 protein, a meiosis-specific DNA recombinase, catalyzes strand exchange between homologous chromosomes. In rice, two Dmc1 genes, Dmc1A and Dmc1B, have been reported. Although the Oryza sativa DMC1A protein has been partially characterized, however the biochemical properties of the DMC1B protein have not been defined. In the present study, we expressed the Oryza sativa DMC1A and DMC1B proteins in bacteria and purified them. The purified DMC1A and DMC1B proteins formed helical filaments along single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and promoted robust strand exchange between ssDNA and dsDNA over five thousand base pairs in the presence of RPA, as a co-factor. The DMC1A and DMC1B proteins also promoted strand exchange in the absence of RPA with long DNA substrates containing several thousand base pairs. In contrast, the human DMC1 protein strictly required RPA to promote strand exchange with these long DNA substrates. The strand-exchange activity of the Oryza sativa DMC1A protein was much higher than that of the DMC1B protein. Consistently, the DNA-binding activity of the DMC1A protein was higher than that of the DMC1B protein. These biochemical differences between the DMC1A and DMC1B proteins may provide important insight into their functional differences during meiosis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Sakane
- Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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16
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Lim15/Dmc1 enhances DNA topoisomerase II catenation activity independent of sequence homology. Chromosoma 2008; 117:297-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s00412-008-0149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Pezza RJ, Voloshin ON, Vanevski F, Camerini-Otero RD. Hop2/Mnd1 acts on two critical steps in Dmc1-promoted homologous pairing. Genes Dev 2007; 21:1758-66. [PMID: 17639081 PMCID: PMC1920170 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1562907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Meiotic recombination between homologous chromosomes ensures their proper segregation at the first division of meiosis and is the main force shaping genetic variation of genomes. The HOP2 and MND1 genes are essential for this recombination: Their disruption results in severe defects in homologous chromosome synapsis and an early-stage failure in meiotic recombination. The mouse Hop2 and Mnd1 proteins form a stable heterodimer (Hop2/Mnd1) that greatly enhances Dmc1-mediated strand invasion. In order to elucidate the mechanism by which Hop2/Mnd1 stimulates Dmc1, we identify several intermediate steps in the homologous pairing reaction promoted by Dmc1. We show that Hop2/Mnd1 greatly stimulates Dmc1 to promote synaptic complex formation on long duplex DNAs, a step previously revealed only for bacterial homologous recombinases. This synaptic alignment is a consequence of the ability of Hop2/Mnd1 to (1) stabilize Dmc1-single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) nucleoprotein complexes, and (2) facilitate the conjoining of DNA molecules through the capture of double-stranded DNA by the Dmc1-ssDNA nucleoprotein filament. To our knowledge, Hop2/Mnd1 is the first homologous recombinase accessory protein that acts on these two separate and critical steps in mammalian meiotic recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto J. Pezza
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Oleg N. Voloshin
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Filip Vanevski
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - R. Daniel Camerini-Otero
- Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Corresponding author.E-MAIL ; FAX (301) 496-9878
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18
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Sakaguchi K, Koshiyama A, Iwabata K. Meiosis and small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)-conjugating enzyme, Ubc9. FEBS J 2007; 274:3519-3531. [PMID: 17608723 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the role of a small ubiquitin-like protein modifier (SUMO)-conjugating protein, Ubc9, in synaptonemal complex formation during meiosis in a basidiomycete, Coprinus cinereus. Because its meiotic cell cycle is long and naturally synchronous, it is suitable for molecular biological, biochemical and genetic studies of meiotic prophase events. In yeast two-hybrid screening using the meiotic-specific cDNA library of C. cinereus, we found that the meiotic RecA homolog CcLim15 interacted with CcUbc9, CcTopII and CcPCNA. Moreover, both TopII and PCNA homologs were known as Ubc9 interactors and the targets of sumoylation. Immunocytochemistry demonstrates that CcUbc9, CcTopII and CcPCNA localize with CcLim15 in meiotic nuclei during leptotene to zygotene when synaptonemal complex is formed and when homologous chromosomes pair. We discuss the relationships between Lim15/Dmc1 (CcLim15), TopII (CcTopII), PCNA (CcPCNA) and CcUbc9, and subsequently, the role of sumoylation in the stages. We speculate that CcLim15 and CcTopII work in cohesion between homologous chromatins initially and then, in the process of the zygotene events, CcUbc9 works with factors including CcLim15 and CcTopII as an inhibitor of ubiquitin-mediated degradation and as a metabolic switch in the meiotic prophase cell cycle. After CcLim15-CcTopII dissociation, CcLim15 remains on the zygotene DNA and recruits CcUbc9, Rad54B, CcUbc9, Swi5-Sfr1, CcUbc9 and then CcPCNA in rotation on the C-terminus. Finally during zygotene, CcPCNA replaces CcLim15 on the DNA and the free-CcLim15 is probably ubiquitinated and disappears. CcPCNA may recruit the polymerase. The idea that CcUbc9 intervenes in every step by protecting CcLim15 and by switching several factors at the C-terminus of CcLim15 is likely. At the boundary of the zygotene and pachytene stages, CcPCNA would be sumoylated. CcUbc9 may also be involved with CcPCNA in the switch from the replicative polymerase being recruited at zygotene to the repair-type DNA polymerases being recruited at pachytene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Sakaguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyo Koshiyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwabata
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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