1
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Wang J, Qiao JQ, Zheng WJ, Lian HZ. Effect of ionic liquids as mobile phase additives on retention behaviors of G-quadruplexes in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1715:464604. [PMID: 38176351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) play an important role in a variety of biological processes and have extensive application prospects. Due to the significance of G4s in physiology and biosensing, studies on G4s have attracted much attention, stimulating the development or improvement of methods for G4 structures and polymorphism analysis. In this work, ionic liquids (ILs) were involved as mobile phase additives in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to analyse G4s with various conformations for the first time. How ILs affected the retention behaviors of G4s was investigated comprehensively. It was found that the addition of ILs markedly enhanced G4 retention, along with obvious amelioration on chromatographic peak shapes and separation. The influence of pH of mobile phase and types of ILs were also included in order to acquire an in-depth understanding. It appeared that the effect of ILs on G4 retention behaviors was the result of a combination of various interactions between G4s with the hydrophobic stationary phase and with the IL-containing mobile phase, where ion pair mechanism and enhanced hydrophobic interaction dominated. The findings of this work revealed that ILs could effectively improve the separation of G4s in RP-HPLC, which was conducive to G4 structural analysis, especially for G4s polymorphism elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun-Qin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei-Juan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
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2
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Zhang ZH, Qian SH, Wei D, Chen ZX. In vivo dynamics and regulation of DNA G-quadruplex structures in mammals. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:117. [PMID: 37381029 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) is a four-stranded helical DNA secondary structure formed by guanine-rich sequence folding, and G4 has been computationally predicted to exist in a wide range of species. Substantial evidence has supported the formation of endogenous G4 (eG4) in living cells and revealed its regulatory dynamics and critical roles in several important biological processes, making eG4 a regulator of gene expression perturbation and a promising therapeutic target in disease biology. Here, we reviewed the methods for prediction of potential G4 sequences (PQS) and detection of eG4s. We also highlighted the factors affecting the dynamics of eG4s and the effects of eG4 dynamics. Finally, we discussed the future applications of eG4 dynamics in disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hao Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sheng Hu Qian
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dengguo Wei
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhen-Xia Chen
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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3
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Deng Z, Ren Y, Guo L, Xie X, Wang L, Li X. Genome-wide analysis of G-quadruplex in Spodoptera frugiperda. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:840-852. [PMID: 36481335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a globally distributed lepidopteran crop pest that has developed resistance to most insecticides. The G-quadruplex (G4) is a secondary structure in the genome enriched in the promoters for regulating gene expression. However, little is known about G4 in S. frugiperda, especially whether G4 is involved in insecticide resistance and pest control. In this study, 387,875 G4 motifs in the whole genome of S. frugiperda were identified by bioinformatics prediction. We found that 66.90 % of theseG4 structures were located in genic regions and highly enriched in the upstream regions of start codons. Functional and pathway analyses showed that the genes with G4 enriched in promoter regions participate in several metabolic processes. Further analyses showed that G4 structures occurred more frequently in the promoters of P450 and CarE gene families. It was also investigated that G4 ligand N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM) decreased P450 protein activity in larval midgut tissue. Cytotoxicity and bioassay results revealed that NMM and pesticides had synergistic effects on toxicity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that G4 motif could be a new potential target for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Deng
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Yudong Ren
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lina Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xingcheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xianchun Li
- Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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4
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Marquevielle J, De Rache A, Vialet B, Morvan E, Mergny JL, Amrane S. G-quadruplex structure of the C. elegans telomeric repeat: a two tetrads basket type conformation stabilized by a non-canonical C-T base-pair. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:7134-7146. [PMID: 35736226 PMCID: PMC9262591 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Caenorhabditis elegans model has greatly contributed to the understanding of the role of G-quadruplexes in genomic instability. The GGCTTA repeats of the C. elegans telomeres resemble the GGGTTA repeats of the human telomeres. However, the comparison of telomeric sequences (Homo sapiens, Tetrahymena, Oxytricha, Bombyx mori and Giardia) revealed that small changes in these repeats can drastically change the topology of the folded G-quadruplex. In the present work we determined the structure adopted by the C. elegans telomeric sequence d[GG(CTTAGG)3]. The investigated C. elegans telomeric sequence is shown to fold into an intramolecular two G-tetrads basket type G-quadruplex structure that includes a C-T base pair in the diagonal loop. This work sheds light on the telomeric structure of the widely used C. elegans animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brune Vialet
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, 146 rue Léo Saignat F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Estelle Morvan
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 US001, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Jean-Louis Mergny. Tel: + 33 1 69 33 50 01;
| | - Samir Amrane
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 5 40 00 22 24;
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5
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Mukherjee SK, Knop JM, Winter RHA. Modulation of the Conformational Space of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Quadruplex RG-1 by Cellular Components and the Amyloidogenic Peptides α-Synuclein and hIAPP. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104182. [PMID: 34882862 PMCID: PMC9015630 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Given the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which particularly threatens older people with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and dementia, understanding the relationship between Covid-19 and other diseases is an important factor for treatment. Possible targets for medical intervention include G-quadruplexes (G4Qs) and their protein interaction partners. We investigated the stability and conformational space of the RG-1 RNA-G-quadruplex of the SARS-CoV-2 N-gene in the presence of salts, cosolutes, crowders and intrinsically disordered peptides, focusing on α-Synuclein and the human islet amyloid polypeptide, which are involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) and type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively. We found that the conformational dynamics of the RG-1 G4Q is strongly affected by the various solution conditions. Further, the amyloidogenic peptides were found to strongly modulate the conformational equilibrium of the RG-1. Considerable changes are observed with respect to their interaction with human telomeric G4Qs, which adopt different topologies. These results may therefore shed more light on the relationship between PD as well as T2DM and the SARS-CoV-2 disease and their molecular underpinnings. Since dysregulation of G4Q formation by rationally designed targeting compounds affects the control of cellular processes, this study should contribute to the development of specific ligands for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib K Mukherjee
- TU Dortmund University: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Jim-Marcel Knop
- TU Dortmund University: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Roland Hermann Alfons Winter
- TU Dortmund University, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn Str. 4a, Physical Chemistry I, 44227, Dortmund, GERMANY
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6
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Exploration of head-to-tail and head-to-head isomers of a guanine quadruplex platinum-based binder. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Miron CE, Staalduinen L, Rangaswamy AM, Chen M, Liang Y, Jia Z, Mergny J, Petitjean A. Going Platinum to the Tune of a Remarkable Guanine Quadruplex Binder: Solution‐ and Solid‐State Investigations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Miron
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Laura Staalduinen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Alana M. Rangaswamy
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Mickey Chen
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Yushi Liang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Jean‐Louis Mergny
- Inserm U1212/CNRS UMR5320/Université de Bordeaux Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie 2 rue Escarpit 33607 Pessac France
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences École Polytechnique CNRS INSERM Institut Polytechnique de Paris 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
| | - Anne Petitjean
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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8
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Miron CE, van Staalduinen L, Rangaswamy AM, Chen M, Liang Y, Jia Z, Mergny JL, Petitjean A. Going Platinum to the Tune of a Remarkable Guanine Quadruplex Binder: Solution- and Solid-State Investigations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2500-2507. [PMID: 33090592 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Guanine quadruplex recognition has gained increasing attention, inspired by the growing awareness of the key roles played by these non-canonical nucleic acid architectures in cellular regulatory processes. We report here the solution and solid-state studies of a novel planar platinum(II) complex that is easily assembled from a simple ligand, and exhibits notable binding affinity for guanine quadruplex structures, while maintaining good selectivity for guanine quadruplex over duplex structures. A crystal structure of this ligand complexed with a telomeric quadruplex confirms double end-capping, with dimerization at the 5' interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Miron
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Laura van Staalduinen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alana M Rangaswamy
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mickey Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yushi Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Inserm U1212/CNRS UMR5320/Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France.,Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Anne Petitjean
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
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9
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Sasaki S, Ma Y, Ishizuka T, Bao HL, Hirokawa T, Xu Y, Tera M, Nagasawa K. Linear consecutive hexaoxazoles as G4 ligands inducing chair-type anti-parallel topology of a telomeric G-quadruplex. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43319-43323. [PMID: 35519695 PMCID: PMC9058415 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09413g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex structures (G4s) in guanine-rich regions of DNA play critical roles in various biological phenomena, including replication, translation, and gene expression. There are three types of G4 topology, i.e., parallel, anti-parallel, and hybrid, and ligands that selectively interact with or stabilize a specific topology have been extensively explored to enable studies of topology-related functions. Here, we describe the synthesis of a new series of G4 ligands based on 6LCOs (6-linear consecutive oxazoles), i.e., L2H2-2M2EA-6LCO (2), L2A2-2M2EAc-6LCO (3), and L2G2-2M2EG-6LCO (4), which bear four aminoalkyl, acetamidealkyl, and guanidinylalkyl side chains, respectively. Among them, ligand 2 stabilized telomeric G4 and induced anti-parallel topology independently of the presence of cations. The anti-parallel topology induced by 2 was identified as chair-type by means of 19F NMR spectroscopy and fluorescence experiments with 2-aminopurine-labeled DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sasaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Yue Ma
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Takumi Ishizuka
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazak 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
| | - Hong-Liang Bao
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazak 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
| | - Takatsugu Hirokawa
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, 305-8575 Japan
- Division of Biomedical Science, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, 305-8575 Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ward Tokyo 135-0064 Japan
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazak 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake Miyazaki 889-1692 Japan
| | - Masayuki Tera
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
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10
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Bryan TM. G-Quadruplexes at Telomeres: Friend or Foe? Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163686. [PMID: 32823549 PMCID: PMC7464828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes that cap and protect the ends of linear chromosomes. In almost all species, telomeric DNA has a G/C strand bias, and the short tandem repeats of the G-rich strand have the capacity to form into secondary structures in vitro, such as four-stranded G-quadruplexes. This has long prompted speculation that G-quadruplexes play a positive role in telomere biology, resulting in selection for G-rich tandem telomere repeats during evolution. There is some evidence that G-quadruplexes at telomeres may play a protective capping role, at least in yeast, and that they may positively affect telomere maintenance by either the enzyme telomerase or by recombination-based mechanisms. On the other hand, G-quadruplex formation in telomeric DNA, as elsewhere in the genome, can form an impediment to DNA replication and a source of genome instability. This review summarizes recent evidence for the in vivo existence of G-quadruplexes at telomeres, with a focus on human telomeres, and highlights some of the many unanswered questions regarding the location, form, and functions of these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Bryan
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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11
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Maity A, Winnerdy FR, Chang WD, Chen G, Phan AT. Intra-locked G-quadruplex structures formed by irregular DNA G-rich motifs. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:3315-3327. [PMID: 32100003 PMCID: PMC7102960 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G-rich DNA sequences with tracts of three or more continuous guanines (G≥3) are known to have high propensity to adopt stable G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Bioinformatic analyses suggest high prevalence of G-rich sequences with short G-tracts (G≤2) in the human genome. However, due to limited structural studies, the folding principles of such sequences remain largely unexplored and hence poorly understood. Here, we present the solution NMR structure of a sequence named AT26 consisting of irregularly spaced G2 tracts and two isolated single guanines. The structure is a four-layered G4 featuring two bi-layered blocks, locked between themselves in an unprecedented fashion making it a stable scaffold. In addition to edgewise and propeller-type loops, AT26 also harbors two V-shaped loops: a 2-nt V-shaped loop spanning two G-tetrad layers and a 0-nt V-shaped loop spanning three G-tetrad layers, which are named as VS- and VR-loop respectively, based on their distinct structural features. The intra-lock motif can be a basis for extending the G-tetrad core and a very stable intra-locked G4 can be formed by a sequence with G-tracts of various lengths including several G2 tracts. Findings from this study will aid in understanding the folding of G4 topologies from sequences containing irregularly spaced multiple short G-tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Maity
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Fernaldo Richtia Winnerdy
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Weili Denyse Chang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Anh Tuân Phan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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12
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Geng Y, Liu C, Zhou B, Cai Q, Miao H, Shi X, Xu N, You Y, Fung CP, Din RU, Zhu G. The crystal structure of an antiparallel chair-type G-quadruplex formed by Bromo-substituted human telomeric DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:5395-5404. [PMID: 30957851 PMCID: PMC6547763 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human telomeric guanine-rich DNA, which could adopt different G-quadruplex structures, plays important roles in protecting the cell from recombination and degradation. Although many of these structures were determined, the chair-type G-quadruplex structure remains elusive. Here, we present a crystal structure of the G-quadruplex composed of the human telomeric sequence d[GGGTTAGG8GTTAGGGTTAGG20G] with two dG to 8Br-dG substitutions at positions 8 and 20 with syn conformation in the K+ solution. It forms a novel three-layer chair-type G-quadruplex with two linking trinucleotide loops. Particularly, T5 and T17 are coplanar with two water molecules stacking on the G-tetrad layer in a sandwich-like mode through a coordinating K+ ion and an A6•A18 base pair. While a twisted Hoogsteen A12•T10 base pair caps on the top of G-tetrad core. The three linking TTA loops are edgewise and each DNA strand has two antiparallel adjacent strands. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding and highlight the unique roles of loop and water molecule in the folding of the G-quadruplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Geng
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Changdong Liu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qixu Cai
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haitao Miao
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Naining Xu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingying You
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Po Fung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rahman Ud Din
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Kotar A, Rigo R, Sissi C, Plavec J. Two-quartet kit* G-quadruplex is formed via double-stranded pre-folded structure. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:2641-2653. [PMID: 30590801 PMCID: PMC6411839 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the promoter of c-KIT proto-oncogene, whose deregulation has been implicated in many cancers, three G-rich regions (kit1, kit* and kit2) are able to fold into G-quadruplexes. While kit1 and kit2 have been studied in depth, little information is available on kit* folding behavior despite its key role in regulation of c-KIT transcription. Notably, kit* contains consensus sites for SP1 and AP2 transcription factors. Herein, a set of complementary spectroscopic and biophysical methods reveals that kit*, d[GGCGAGGAGGGGCGTGGCCGGC], adopts a chair type antiparallel G-quadruplex with two G-quartets at physiological relevant concentrations of KCl. Heterogeneous ensemble of structures is observed in the presence of Na+ and NH4+ ions, which however stabilize pre-folded structure. In the presence of K+ ions stacking interactions of adenine and thymine residues on the top G-quartet contribute to structural stability together with a G10•C18 base pair and a fold-back motif of the five residues at the 3′-terminal under the bottom G-quartet. The 3′-tail enables formation of a bimolecular pre-folded structure that drives folding of kit* into a single G-quadruplex. Intriguingly, kinetics of kit* G-quadruplex formation matches timescale of transcriptional processes and might demonstrate interplay of kinetic and thermodynamic factors for understanding regulation of c-KIT proto-oncogene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kotar
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Riccardo Rigo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,EN-FIST Center of Excellence, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Brcic J, Plavec J. NMR structure of a G-quadruplex formed by four d(G4C2) repeats: insights into structural polymorphism. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:11605-11617. [PMID: 30277522 PMCID: PMC6265483 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most frequent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), is a largely increased number of d(G4C2)n•(G2C4)n repeats located in the non-coding region of C9orf72 gene. Non-canonical structures, including G-quadruplexes, formed within expanded repeats have been proposed to drive repeat expansion and pathogenesis of ALS and FTD. Oligonucleotide d[(G4C2)3G4], which represents the shortest oligonucleotide model of d(G4C2) repeats with the ability to form a unimolecular G-quadruplex, forms two major G-quadruplex structures in addition to several minor species which coexist in solution with K+ ions. Herein, we used solution-state NMR to determine the high-resolution structure of one of the major G-quadruplex species adopted by d[(G4C2)3G4]. Structural characterization of the G-quadruplex named AQU was facilitated by a single substitution of dG with 8Br-dG at position 21 and revealed an antiparallel fold composed of four G-quartets and three lateral C-C loops. The G-quadruplex exhibits high thermal stability and is favored kinetically and under slightly acidic conditions. An unusual structural element distinct from a C-quartet is observed in the structure. Two C•C base pairs are stacked on the nearby G-quartet and are involved in a dynamic equilibrium between symmetric N3-amino and carbonyl-amino geometries and protonated C+•C state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Brcic
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.,EN-FIST Center of Excellence, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
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15
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Bansal A, Kukreti S. The four repeat Giardia lamblia telomere forms tetramolecular G-quadruplex with antiparallel topology. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:1975-1983. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1623074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Bansal
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
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16
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Liu C, Zhou B, Geng Y, Yan Tam D, Feng R, Miao H, Xu N, Shi X, You Y, Hong Y, Tang BZ, Kwan Lo P, Kuryavyi V, Zhu G. A chair-type G-quadruplex structure formed by a human telomeric variant DNA in K + solution. Chem Sci 2019; 10:218-226. [PMID: 30713633 PMCID: PMC6330691 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03813a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanine tracts of human telomeric DNA sequences are known to fold into eight different four-stranded structures that vary by the conformation of guanine nucleotides arranged in the stack of G-tetrads in their core and by different kinds and orders of connecting loops, called G-quadruplexes. Here, we present a novel G-quadruplex structure formed in K+ solution by a human telomeric variant d[(GGGTTA)2GGGTTTGGG], htel21T18. This variant DNA is located in the subtelomeric regions of human chromosomes 8, 11, 17, and 19 as well as in the DNase hypersensitive region and in the subcentromeric region of chromosome 5. Interestingly, single A18T substitution that makes htel21T18 different from the human telomeric sequence results in the formation of a three-layer chair-type G-quadruplex, a fold previously unknown among human telomeric repeats, with two loops interacting through the reverse Watson-Crick A6·T18 base pair. The loops are edgewise; glycosidic conformation of guanines is syn·anti·syn·anti around each tetrad, and each strand of the core has two antiparallel adjacent strands. Our results expand the repertoire of known G-quadruplex folding topologies and may provide a potential target for structure-based anticancer drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changdong Liu
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Bo Zhou
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
- Institute for Advanced Study , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Yanyan Geng
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Dick Yan Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , 83 Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Rui Feng
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Haitao Miao
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Naining Xu
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Xiao Shi
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Yingying You
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
| | - Yuning Hong
- Department of Chemistry , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , 83 Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Vitaly Kuryavyi
- Structural Biology Program , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA .
| | - Guang Zhu
- Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China .
- Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
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17
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Pipier A, De Rache A, Modeste C, Amrane S, Mothes-Martin E, Stigliani JL, Calsou P, Mergny JL, Pratviel G, Gomez D. G-Quadruplex binding optimization by gold(iii) insertion into the center of a porphyrin. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6091-6099. [PMID: 30860519 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04703k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins represent a valuable class of ligands for G-quadruplex nucleic acids. Herein, we evaluate the binding of cationic porphyrins metallated with gold(iii) to G-quadruplex DNA and we compare it with other porphyrin derivatives. The G-quadruplex stabilization capacity and the selectivity of the various porphyrins were evaluated by biophysical and biochemical assays. The porphyrins were also tested as inhibitors of telomerase. It clearly appeared that the insertion of gold(iii) ion in the center of the porphyrin increases the binding affinity of the porphyrin for the G-quadruplex target. Together with modelling studies, it is possible to propose that the insertion of the square planar gold(iii) ion adds an extra positive charge on the complex and decreases the electron density in the porphyrin aromatic macrocycle, both properties being in favour of stronger electrostatic and π-staking interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Pipier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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18
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Dvorkin SA, Karsisiotis AI, Webba da Silva M. Encoding canonical DNA quadruplex structure. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat3007. [PMID: 30182059 PMCID: PMC6118410 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The main challenge in DNA quadruplex design is to encode a three-dimensional structure into the primary sequence, despite its multiple, repetitive guanine segments. We identify and detail structural elements describing all 14 feasible canonical quadruplex scaffolds and demonstrate their use in control of design. This work outlines a new roadmap for implementation of targeted design of quadruplexes for material, biotechnological, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlett A. Dvorkin
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Andreas I. Karsisiotis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
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19
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Ma Y, Tsushima Y, Sakuma M, Sasaki S, Iida K, Okabe S, Seimiya H, Hirokawa T, Nagasawa K. Development of G-quadruplex ligands for selective induction of a parallel-type topology. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7375-7382. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01702f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Parallel type of topology in G4 is selectively induced by tetra-guanidinylalkyl substituted 6OTD derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Yamato Tsushima
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Mai Sakuma
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Shogo Sasaki
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Iida
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Sachiko Okabe
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center
- Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research
- Koto-ward
- Tokyo 135-8550
| | - Hiroyuki Seimiya
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center
- Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research
- Koto-ward
- Tokyo 135-8550
| | - Takatsugu Hirokawa
- Transborder Medical Research Center
- University of Tsukuba
- Tsukuba, 305-8575
- Japan
- Division of Biomedical Science
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
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20
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Das RN, Chevret E, Desplat V, Rubio S, Mergny JL, Guillon J. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Substituted Diquinolinyl-Pyridine Ligands as Anticancer Agents by Targeting G-Quadruplex. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010081. [PMID: 29301210 PMCID: PMC6017375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are stacked non-canonical nucleic acid structures found in specific G-rich DNA or RNA sequences in the human genome. G4 structures are liable for various biological functions; transcription, translation, cell aging as well as diseases such as cancer. These structures are therefore considered as important targets for the development of anticancer agents. Small organic heterocyclic molecules are well known to target and stabilize G4 structures. In this article, we have designed and synthesized 2,6-di-(4-carbamoyl-2-quinolyl)pyridine derivatives and their ability to stabilize G4-structures have been determined through the FRET melting assay. It has been established that these ligands are selective for G4 over duplexes and show a preference for the parallel conformation. Next, telomerase inhibition ability has been assessed using three cell lines (K562, MyLa and MV-4-11) and telomerase activity is no longer detected at 0.1 μM concentration for the most potent ligand 1c. The most promising G4 ligands were also tested for antiproliferative activity against the two human myeloid leukaemia cell lines, HL60 and K562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabindra Nath Das
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
| | - Edith Chevret
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1053, Cutaneous Lymphoma Oncogenesis Team, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
| | - Vanessa Desplat
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Cellules souches hématopoïétiques normales et leucémiques, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
| | - Sandra Rubio
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
- Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jean Guillon
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France.
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21
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Fadock K, Manderville RA. DNA Aptamer-Target Binding Motif Revealed Using a Fluorescent Guanine Probe: Implications for Food Toxin Detection. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4955-4963. [PMID: 30023732 PMCID: PMC6044742 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that are generated by an in vitro selection method to bind targets with high affinity and specificity. Understanding molecular recognition by DNA aptamers is of fundamental importance in the development of biosensor applications. The small molecule ochratoxin A (OTA) is a fungal-derived food toxin, and OTA DNA aptamers have been established for the development of rapid detection platforms required for food safety. One such OTA aptamer (OTAA) is a guanine-rich DNA oligonucleotide that folds into an antiparallel G-quadruplex (GQ) upon OTA binding, although structural details of the GQ fold and its interaction with OTA are currently unknown. In the present study, the fluorescent nucleobase analogue, 8-thienyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (ThdG), was inserted into various G sites of OTAA to determine the probe impact on GQ folding and OTA binding affinity. Our results suggest that OTAA contains three lateral (l) loops connecting two stacked G-tetrads with an anticlockwise loop progression to afford a -(lll) GQ topology. The phenolic ring system of OTA undergoes π-stacking interactions with the G-tetrads of OTAA. Our results also demonstrate aptamer sites that can be modified with ThdG to afford a fluorescent light-up signal upon OTA binding.
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22
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Zhang B, Wei C. A Label-Free Fluorescent Sensor Based on Structure-Switching Oligonucleotides for the Detection of Ag+
, Biothiols and Acetylcholinesterase Activity. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baozhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Molecular Science; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jinzhong University; Yuci 030600 P. R. China
| | - Chunying Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Molecular Science; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China
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23
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Engelhard DM, Nowack J, Clever GH. Kupfer-vermittelte Topologieänderung und Thrombin-Inhibierung mit telomerischen DNA-G-Quadruplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Engelhard
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Julia Nowack
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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24
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Engelhard DM, Nowack J, Clever GH. Copper-Induced Topology Switching and Thrombin Inhibition with Telomeric DNA G-Quadruplexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11640-11644. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Engelhard
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Julia Nowack
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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25
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Harkness RW, Mittermaier AK. G-quadruplex dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017. [PMID: 28642152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (GQs) are four-stranded nucleic acid secondary structures formed by guanosine (G)-rich DNA and RNA sequences. It is becoming increasingly clear that cellular processes including gene expression and mRNA translation are regulated by GQs. GQ structures have been extensively characterized, however little attention to date has been paid to their conformational dynamics, despite the fact that many biological GQ sequences populate multiple structures of similar free energies, leading to an ensemble of exchanging conformations. The impact of these dynamics on biological function is currently not well understood. Recently, structural dynamics have been demonstrated to entropically stabilize GQ ensembles, potentially modulating gene expression. Transient, low-populated states in GQ ensembles may additionally regulate nucleic acid interactions and function. This review will underscore the interplay of GQ dynamics and biological function, focusing on several dynamic processes for biological GQs and the characterization of GQ dynamics by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in conjunction with other biophysical techniques. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biophysics in Canada, edited by Lewis Kay, John Baenziger, Albert Berghuis and Peter Tieleman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Harkness
- McGill University Department of Chemistry, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Anthony K Mittermaier
- McGill University Department of Chemistry, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
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26
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Relations between the loop transposition of DNA G-quadruplex and the catalytic function of DNAzyme. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1913-1920. [PMID: 28533132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The structures of DNA G-quadruplexes are essential for their functions in vivo and in vitro. Our present study revealed that sequential order of the three G-quadruplex loops, that is, loop transposition, could be a critical factor to determinate the G-quadruplex conformation and consequently improved the catalytic function of G-quadruplex based DNAzyme. In the presence of 100mM K+, loop transposition induced one of the G-quadruplex isomers which shared identical loops but differed in the sequential order of loops into a hybrid topology while the others into predominately parallel topologies. 1D NMR spectroscopy and mutation analysis suggested that the hydrogen bonding from loops residues with nucleotides in flanking sequences may be responsible for the stabilization of the different conformations. A well-known DNAzyme consisting of G-quadruplex and hemin (Ferriprotoporphyrin IX chloride) was chosen to test the catalytic function. We found that the loop transposition could enhance the reaction rate obviously by increasing the hemin binding affinity to G-quadruplex. These findings disclose the relations between the loop transposition, G-quadruplex conformation and catalytic function of DNAzyme.
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27
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Gueddouda NM, Hurtado MR, Moreau S, Ronga L, Das RN, Savrimoutou S, Rubio S, Marchand A, Mendoza O, Marchivie M, Elmi L, Chansavang A, Desplat V, Gabelica V, Bourdoncle A, Mergny JL, Guillon J. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 2,9-Bis[(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl]-1,10-phenanthroline Derivatives as G-Quadruplex Ligands. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:146-160. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stéphane Moreau
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Luisa Ronga
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Rabindra Nath Das
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Solène Savrimoutou
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Sandra Rubio
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Adrien Marchand
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Oscar Mendoza
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | | | - Lilian Elmi
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Albain Chansavang
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Vanessa Desplat
- Univ. Bordeaux; UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques Inflammatoires et Cancers; INSERM U1035; 33076 Bordeaux cedex France
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Anne Bourdoncle
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Jean Guillon
- Univ. Bordeaux; ARNA laboratory; CNRS UMR 5320, INSERM U1212; 33076 Bordeaux France
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28
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Zuffo M, Doria F, Botti S, Bergamaschi G, Freccero M. G-quadruplex fluorescence sensing by core-extended naphthalene diimides. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:1303-1311. [PMID: 27902935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluorescent sensing of G-quadruplex nucleic acids (G4s) is an effective strategy to elucidate their role in vitro and in vivo. Small molecule ligands have often been exploited, producing an emission light up upon binding. Naphthalene diimides (NDIs), although potent G4 binders exhibiting red-NIR fluorophores, have only been marginally exploited, as they are usually quenched upon binding. Contrary, aggregating core-extended naphthalene diimides (cex-NDIs) proved to be effective probes. METHODS We prepared a library of eighteen cex-NDIs by organic synthesis, characterising their aggregation-dependent absorption and emission properties. Absorption and emission titrations, fluorescent intercalator displacement assay (FID) and circular dichroism (CD) analysis were performed to elucidate their behavior as G4 fluorescent sensors, selectivity and binding mode. RESULTS cex-NDIs aggregate under aqueous solvents and as a result, their fluorescence is mostly quenched under physiological conditions. Upon G4 binding, they disaggregate into binding monomers, producing a fluorescent light-up with anti-parallel and hybrid G4s. Contrary, with parallel G4s a light-off was recorded. For the formers a groove-like interaction was inferred by ICD signals, while for the latter an end-stacking interaction mode was hypothesized by G4-FID data. CONCLUSIONS cex-NDIs G4 sensing mechanism works via a induced disaggregation. The emission response depends on the G4 topology, which dictates the prevailing -groove or end-stacking- binding mode. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the potential of cex-NDIs as G4 fluorescent probes. Besides being readily synthesized and conveniently emitting above 600nm, they light-up upon binding to anti-parallel and hybrid G4, complementing a number of other probes' selectivity for the parallel topology. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "G-quadruplex" Guest Editor: Dr. Concetta Giancola and Dr. Daniela Montesarchio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Zuffo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Botti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Greta Bergamaschi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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ALS and FTD linked GGGGCC-repeat containing DNA oligonucleotide folds into two distinct G-quadruplexes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:1237-1245. [PMID: 27856299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common genetic cause of neurological disorders ALS and FTD is a largely increased number of GGGGCC repeats in C9orf72 gene. Non-canonical structures including G-quadruplexes adopted by expanded repeats are hypothesized to be crucial in pathogenesis. Recently, we have shown that structural polymorphism of oligonucleotide d(G4C2)3G4 is reduced by dG to 8Br-dG substitution. High-resolution structure of one of the two major G-quadruplexes adopts antiparallel topology comprising of four G-quartets. Herein, we describe the topology of the second major G-quadruplex structure and influence of folding conditions on relative populations of the two folds. METHODS Influence of folding conditions was explored by 1H 1D NMR. Determination of topology was achieved by 2D NMR complemented with PAGE and CD. UV melting experiment was used to explore thermal stability of structures. RESULTS Two structures adopted by oligonucleotide d(G4C2)3GGBrGG denoted AQU and NAN coexist in solution and ratio of their populations is determined by pH and rate of cooling when folding from thermally denatured state in the presence of K+ ions. CONCLUSIONS AQU is kinetically favored and forms by folding at low pH, while NAN is favored thermodynamically and at neutral pH. AQU and NAN share similar antiparallel topology with four G-quartets and three edgewise loops, however they exhibit distinct structural and dynamic properties. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel G-quadruplex topology adds insight into diverse polymorphism of DNA sequences comprising potentially pathological GGGGCC repeat. Relative populations of the two structures and their dependence on folding conditions contribute to understanding of factors that govern G-quadruplex folding. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Gquadruplex" Guest Editor: Dr. Concetta Giancola and Dr. Daniela Montesarchio.
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30
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Nelissen FHT, Tessari M, Wijmenga SS, Heus HA. Stable isotope labeling methods for DNA. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 96:89-108. [PMID: 27573183 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
NMR is a powerful method for studying proteins and nucleic acids in solution. The study of nucleic acids by NMR is far more challenging than for proteins, which is mainly due to the limited number of building blocks and unfavorable spectral properties. For NMR studies of DNA molecules, (site specific) isotope enrichment is required to facilitate specific NMR experiments and applications. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of isotope-labeling strategies for obtaining stable isotope labeled DNA as well as specifically stable isotope labeled building blocks required for enzymatic DNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H T Nelissen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marco Tessari
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sybren S Wijmenga
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans A Heus
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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31
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Gao S, Cao Y, Yan Y, Guo X. Sequence Effect on the Topology of 3 + 1 Interlocked Bimolecular DNA G-Quadruplexes. Biochemistry 2016; 55:2694-703. [PMID: 27027538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) combined with fluorescence, circular dichroism, UV spectrophotometer, and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques are used to study structural features of interlocked dimers formed by DNA sequence 93del (GGGGTGGGAGGAGGGT) and its derivatives. Herein, we demonstrate that the interlocked dimers can be distinguished from stacked dimers formed by sequences T30923 (GGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT) and T30177 (GTGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT). In addition, loop length, the base at 5'-end, and the isolation of T and TT to the first 4G tract do significantly influence the formation and topologies of interlocked dimers. Furthermore, our results suggest that the 4G tract and the 2G tract in various locations in the 93del derivative sequence can form interlocked structure. This work not only provides new insight into the assembly of 3 + 1 interlocked DNA conformations but also demonstrates that ESI-MS combined with other analytical methods is rapid and useful for DNA structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun, China 130012
| | - Yanwei Cao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun, China 130012
| | - Yuting Yan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun, China 130012
| | - Xinhua Guo
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun, China 130012
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32
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Largy E, Marchand A, Amrane S, Gabelica V, Mergny JL. Quadruplex Turncoats: Cation-Dependent Folding and Stability of Quadruplex-DNA Double Switches. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2780-92. [PMID: 26837276 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Quadruplex (G4) nucleic acids, a family of secondary structures formed by guanine-rich sequences, exhibit an important structural polymorphism. We demonstrate here that G-rich DNA sequences may function as a double switch based on different triggers, provided that their quadruplex structures and stability display a high dependence on cation nature and concentration. A first switch is based on a remarkable antiparallel-to-parallel conversion, taking place in a few seconds at room temperature by addition of low KCl amounts to a sodium-rich sample. The second switch involves the conversion of alternative antiparallel quadruplex structures binding only one cation, formed in the presence of sub-millimolar potassium or strontium concentrations, to parallel structures by increasing the cation concentration. Incidentally, extremely low K(+) or Sr(2+) concentrations (≤5 equiv) are sufficient to induce G4 formation in a buffer devoid of other G4-promoting cations, and we suggest that the alternative structures observed contain only two tetrads. Such DNA systems are biological relevant targets, can be used in nanotechnology applications, and are valuable methodological tools for understanding DNA quadruplex folding, notably at low cation concentrations. We demonstrate that this behavior is not restricted to a narrow set of sequences but can also be found for other G-quadruplex-forming motifs, arguing for widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Largy
- U1212, ARNA Laboratory, Inserm , F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,IECB, ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France.,UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, CNRS , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Adrien Marchand
- U1212, ARNA Laboratory, Inserm , F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,IECB, ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France.,UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, CNRS , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Samir Amrane
- U1212, ARNA Laboratory, Inserm , F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,IECB, ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France.,UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, CNRS , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- U1212, ARNA Laboratory, Inserm , F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,IECB, ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France.,UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, CNRS , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- U1212, ARNA Laboratory, Inserm , F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,IECB, ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France.,UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, CNRS , F-33600 Pessac, France
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33
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Largy E, Mergny JL, Gabelica V. Role of Alkali Metal Ions in G-Quadruplex Nucleic Acid Structure and Stability. Met Ions Life Sci 2016; 16:203-58. [PMID: 26860303 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21756-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes are guanine-rich nucleic acids that fold by forming successive quartets of guanines (the G-tetrads), stabilized by intra-quartet hydrogen bonds, inter-quartet stacking, and cation coordination. This specific although highly polymorphic type of secondary structure deviates significantly from the classical B-DNA duplex. G-quadruplexes are detectable in human cells and are strongly suspected to be involved in a number of biological processes at the DNA and RNA levels. The vast structural polymorphism exhibited by G-quadruplexes, together with their putative biological relevance, makes them attractive therapeutic targets compared to canonical duplex DNA. This chapter focuses on the essential and specific coordination of alkali metal cations by G-quadruplex nucleic acids, and most notably on studies highlighting cation-dependent dissimilarities in their stability, structure, formation, and interconversion. Section 1 surveys G-quadruplex structures and their interactions with alkali metal ions while Section 2 presents analytical methods used to study G-quadruplexes. The influence of alkali cations on the stability, structure, and kinetics of formation of G-quadruplex structures of quadruplexes will be discussed in Sections 3 and 4. Section 5 focuses on the cation-induced interconversion of G-quadruplex structures. In Sections 3 to 5, we will particularly emphasize the comparisons between cations, most often K(+) and Na(+) because of their prevalence in the literature and in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Largy
- ARNA Laboratory, Université Bordeaux, IECB, 2, rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600, Pessac, France.,ARNA Laboratory, INSERM, U869, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, Université Bordeaux, IECB, 2, rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600, Pessac, France. .,ARNA Laboratory, INSERM, U869, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- ARNA Laboratory, Université Bordeaux, IECB, 2, rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600, Pessac, France. .,ARNA Laboratory, INSERM, U869, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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34
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Assessment of selectivity of G-quadruplex ligands via an optimised FRET melting assay. Biochimie 2015; 115:194-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Enzyme-free and label-free fluorescence sensor for the detection of liver cancer related short gene. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 66:399-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Qin M, Chen Z, Luo Q, Wen Y, Zhang N, Jiang H, Yang H. Two-quartet G-quadruplexes formed by DNA sequences containing four contiguous GG runs. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:3706-13. [PMID: 25689673 DOI: 10.1021/jp512914t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The DNA sequence containing four contiguous GG runs (G2NxG2NyG2NzG2, G2 sequence) has the potential to form a two-quartet G-quadruplex. However, the prevalence, structure, and function of G2 sequences have not been well-studied. Here, bioinformatics analysis reveals the abundance of G2 sequences in the human genome and their enrichment in promoter regions. The density of G2 sequences in the genome and promoters is much higher than that of the G3 sequence (G3NxG3NyG3NzG3). Experiments show that the conformations and thermal stabilities of the two-quartet G-quadruplexes of G2 sequences are highly sensitive to the length and composition of the loops. Among the two-quartet G-quadruplexes, the parallel G-quadruplex with a loop length of 1 and the antiparallel G-quadruplex with a loop length of 3 show high thermal stabilities. Additionally, the stable parallel G-quadruplexes are stacked into intermolecular higher-order structures. This work determines the prevalence of G2 sequences in the human genome and demonstrates that the G-quadruplex structures for certain loop lengths and compositions may be stable in vivo. Thus, more attention should be paid to the structure and function of the two-quartet G-quadruplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Qin
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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37
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Lu YJ, Hu DP, Deng Q, Wang ZY, Huang BH, Fang YX, Zhang K, Wong WL. Sensitive and selective detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity with a new pyridinium luminescent switch-on molecular probe. Analyst 2015; 140:5998-6004. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01158b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new pyridinium-based switch-on molecular probe shows excellent sensitive and selective for luminescent detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jing Lu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ping Hu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Ya Wang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Bao-Hua Huang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Yan-Xiong Fang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies
- Centre for Education in Environmental Sustainability
- The Hong Kong Institute of Education
- P.R. China
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38
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Rajagopal SK, Hariharan M. Non-natural G-quadruplex in a non-natural environment. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:157-61. [PMID: 24323333 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The biocompatibility as well as the sustainability of a deep eutectic solvent makes it a good substitute for aqueous media in studying biomolecules. Understanding the structure and stability of natural and non-natural G-quadruplexes in aqueous and highly viscous media will be useful in biological and nanodevice applications. We report the synthesis and conformational analysis of a model G-rich oligonucleotide G3T3 and non-natural G-rich sequences Pyr1-Pyr3 in aqueous and highly viscous media. Progressive increases in the loop replacement with a non-natural pyrene linker leads to a systematic increase of the thermal denaturation temperature of the modified G-rich oligonucleotides Pyr1-Pyr3 in 10 mM cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2) containing 100 mM KCl, as monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy. A circular dichroism signal clearly revealed the formation of a predominantly anti-parallel vs. parallel conformation in the natural G-rich oligonucleotide G3T3 as well as the non-natural G-rich oligonucleotides Pyr1-Pyr3 in 10 mM cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2) containing 100 mM KCl. On the other hand, we observed thermodynamic destabilization of G-rich oligonucleotides in a deep eutectic solvent (DES; 1 : 2 choline chloride-urea) containing 100 mm KCl with an increase in loop replacements. Interestingly, we observed an exclusively parallel G-quadruplex conformation in the case of G3T3 in DES containing 100 mm KCl. While pyrene containing G-rich oligonucleotides Pyr1-Pyr3 exhibited a predominantly parallel vs. anti-parallel G-quadruplex conformation in DES containing 100 mM KCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinaj K Rajagopal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, CET Campus, Sreekaryam, Thiruvananthapuram, 695016, Kerala, India.
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39
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Amrane S, Kerkour A, Bedrat A, Vialet B, Andreola ML, Mergny JL. Topology of a DNA G-quadruplex structure formed in the HIV-1 promoter: a potential target for anti-HIV drug development. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5249-52. [PMID: 24649937 DOI: 10.1021/ja501500c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid sequences containing guanine tracts are able to adopt noncanonical four-stranded nucleic acid structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s). These structures are based on the stacking of two or more G-tetrads; each tetrad is a planar association of four guanines held together by eight hydrogen bonds. In this study, we analyzed a conserved G-rich region from HIV-1 promoter that is known to regulate the transcription of the HIV-1 provirus. Strikingly, our analysis of an alignment of 1684 HIV-1 sequences from this region showed a high conservation of the ability to form G4 structures despite a lower conservation of the nucleotide primary sequence. Using NMR spectroscopy, we determined the G4 topology adopted by a DNA sequence from this region (HIV-PRO1: 5' TGGCCTGGGCGGGACTGGG 3'). This DNA fragment formed a stable two G-tetrad antiparallel G4 with an additional Watson-Crick CG base pair. This hybrid structure may be critical for HIV-1 gene expression and is potentially a novel target for anti-HIV-1 drug development.
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40
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Liu L, Shao Y, Peng J, Huang C, Liu H, Zhang L. Molecular Rotor-Based Fluorescent Probe for Selective Recognition of Hybrid G-Quadruplex and as a K+ Sensor. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1622-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403326m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Shao
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Peng
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaobiao Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Karsisiotis AI, O'Kane C, Webba da Silva M. DNA quadruplex folding formalism--a tutorial on quadruplex topologies. Methods 2013; 64:28-35. [PMID: 23791747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Quadruplexes of DNA adopt a large variety of topologies that are dependent on their environment. We have been developing a formalism for quadruplex folding based on the relationship between base and its sugar--as defined by the glycosidic bond angle. By reducing the quadruplex stem to a description based on two finite states of the range of angles the glycosidic bond angle may adopt, the description of the relationships of type of loop and groove widths of a quadruplex stem are possible. In its current form this formalism has allowed for the prediction of some unimolecular quadruplex topologies. Its rules, whilst developed for unimolecular quadruplexes of three loops, are of general utility in understanding the interdependency of structural characteristics of multimolecular folds, as well as unimolecular quadruplexes of more than three loops. Here we describe current understanding of the interdependent structural features that define the quadruplex fold, and provide a tutorial for the use and application of this formalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ioannis Karsisiotis
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK
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42
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Li W, Hou XM, Wang PY, Xi XG, Li M. Direct measurement of sequential folding pathway and energy landscape of human telomeric G-quadruplex structures. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6423-6. [PMID: 23631592 DOI: 10.1021/ja4019176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Single-stranded guanine-rich sequences fold into compact G-quadruplexes. Although G-triplexes have been proposed and demonstrated as intermediates in the folding of G-quadruplexes, there is still a debate on their folding pathways. In this work, we employed magnetic tweezers to investigate the folding kinetics of single human telomeric G-quadruplexes in 100 mM Na(+) buffer. The results are consistent with a model in which the G-triplex is an in-pathway intermediate in the folding of the G-quadruplex. By finely tuning the force exerted on the G-quadruplex, we observed reversible transitions from the G-quadruplex to the G-triplex as well as from the G-triplex to the unfolded coil when the force was increased from 26 to 39 pN. The energy landscape derived from the probability distribution shows clearly that the G-quadruplex goes through an intermediate when it is unfolded, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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Gai W, Yang Q, Xiang J, Yu L, Guan A, Li Q, Sun H, Shang Q, Jiang W, Zhang H, Liu Y, Wang L, Tang Y. Novel dual-functional regulation of a chair-like antiparallel G-quadruplex inducing assembly–disassembly of a cyanine dye. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:5758-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44387f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Gai W, Yang Q, Xiang J, Jiang W, Li Q, Sun H, Guan A, Shang Q, Zhang H, Tang Y. A dual-site simultaneous binding mode in the interaction between parallel-stranded G-quadruplex [d(TGGGGT)]4 and cyanine dye 2,2'-diethyl-9-methyl-selenacarbocyanine bromide. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 41:2709-22. [PMID: 23275573 PMCID: PMC3575849 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes have attracted growing attention as a potential cancer-associated target for both treatment and detection in recent years. For detection purpose, high specificity is one of the most important factors to be considered in G-quadruplex probe design. It is well known that end stacking and groove binding are two dominated quadruplex-ligand binding modes, and currently most reported G-quadruplex probes are designed based on the former, which has been proven to show good selectivity between quadruplexes and non-quadruplexes. Because groove of G-quadruplex also has some unique chemical properties, it could be inferred that probes that can interact with both the groove and G-tetrad site of certain G-quadruplexes simultaneously might possess higher specificity in aspects of discriminating different quadruplexes. In this article, we report a cyanine dye as a potential novel probe scaffold that could occupy both the 5'-end external G-tetrad and the corresponding groove of the G-quadruplex simultaneously. By using various spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, we give a detailed binding characterization for this dual-site simultaneous binding mode. A preliminary result suggests that this mode might provide highly specific recognition to a parallel-stranded G-quadruplex. These findings and the structural elucidation might give some clues in aspects of developing highly specific G-quadruplex probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry for Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing 100190, PR China and Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Structural probes in quadruplex nucleic acid structure determination by NMR. Molecules 2012; 17:13073-86. [PMID: 23128087 PMCID: PMC6268857 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, isotope-labelled DNA and RNA have been fundamental to nucleic acid structural studies by NMR. Four-stranded nucleic acid architectures studies increasingly benefit from a plethora of nucleotide conjugates for resonance assignments, the identification of hydrogen bond alignments, and improving the population of preferred species within equilibria. In this paper, we review their use for these purposes. Most importantly we identify reasons for the failure of some modifications to result in quadruplex formation.
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Do NQ, Phan AT. Monomer-dimer equilibrium for the 5'-5' stacking of propeller-type parallel-stranded G-quadruplexes: NMR structural study. Chemistry 2012; 18:14752-9. [PMID: 23019076 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Guanine-rich sequence motifs, which contain tracts of three consecutive guanines connected by single non-guanine nucleotides, are abundant in the human genome and can form a robust G-quadruplex structure with high stability. Herein, by using NMR spectroscopy, we investigate the equilibrium between monomeric and 5'-5' stacked dimeric propeller-type G-quadruplexes that are formed by DNA sequences containing GGGT motifs. We show that the monomer-dimer equilibrium depends on a number of parameters, including the DNA concentration, DNA flanking sequences, the concentration and type of cations, and the temperature. We report on the high-definition structure of a simple monomeric G-quadruplex containing three single-residue loops, which could serve as a reference for propeller-type G-quadruplex structures in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Quang Do
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Virgilio A, Petraccone L, Esposito V, Citarella G, Giancola C, Galeone A. The abasic site lesions in the human telomeric sequence d[TA(G(3)T(2)A)(3)G(3)]: a thermodynamic point of view. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:2037-43. [PMID: 23000492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abasic sites represent one of the most frequent lesions of DNA and most of the events able to generate such modifications involve guanine bases. G-rich sequences are able to form quadruplex structures that have been proved to be involved in several important biological processes. METHODS In this paper, we report investigations, based on calorimetric, UV, CD and electrophoretic techniques, on 12 oligodeoxynucleotides analogues of the quadruplex forming human telomere sequence d[TA(G(3)T(2)A)(3)G(3)], in which each guanine has been replaced, one at a time, by an abasic site mimic. RESULTS Although all data show that the modified sequences preserve their ability to form quadruplex structures, the thermodynamic parameters clearly indicate that the presence of an abasic site decreases their thermal stability compared to the parent unmodified sequence, particularly if the replacement concerns one of the guanosines involved in the formation of the central G-tetrad. CONCLUSIONS The collected data indicate that the effects of the presence of abasic site lesions in telomeric quadruplex structures are site-specific. The most dramatic consequences come out when this lesion involves a guanosine in the centre of a G-run. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Abasic sites, by facilitating the G-quadruplex disruption, could favour the formation of the telomerase primer. Furthermore they could have implications in the pharmacological approach targeting telomere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Virgilio
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
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Adrian M, Heddi B, Phan AT. NMR spectroscopy of G-quadruplexes. Methods 2012; 57:11-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Virgilio A, Esposito V, Citarella G, Pepe A, Mayol L, Galeone A. The insertion of two 8-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine residues in tetramolecular quadruplex structures: trying to orientate the strands. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:461-75. [PMID: 21908403 PMCID: PMC3245916 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we report a structural study, based on NMR and CD spectroscopies, and molecular modelling of all possible d(TG3T) and d(TG4T) analogues containing two 8-methyl-2′-deoxyguanosine residues (M). Particularly, the potential ability of these modified residues to orientate the strands and then to affect the folding topology of tetramolecular quadruplex structures has been investigated. Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) TMMGT (T12) and TMMGGT (F12) form parallel tetramolecular quadruplexes, characterized by an all-syn M-tetrad at the 5′-side stacked to all-anti M- and G-tetrads. ODNs TMGMT (T13) and TMGGMT (F14) form parallel tetramolecular quadruplexes, in which an all-anti G core is sandwiched between two all-syn M-tetrads at the 5′- and the 3′-side. Notably, the quadruplex formed by T13 corresponds to an unprecedented structure in which the syn residues exceed in number the anti ones. Conversely, ODN TGMGMT (F24) adopts a parallel arrangement in which all-anti G-tetrads alternate with all-syn M-tetrads. Most importantly, all data strongly suggest that ODN TMGMGT (F13) forms an unprecedented anti-parallel tetramolecular quadruplex in which G and M residues adopt anti and syn glycosidic conformations, respectively. This article opens up new understandings and perspectives about the intricate relationship between the quadruplex strands orientation and the glycosidic conformation of the residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Virgilio
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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Abstract
In most eukaryotes, telomeric DNA consists of repeats of a short motif that includes consecutive guanines and may hence fold into G-quadruplexes. Budding yeasts have telomeres composed of longer repeats and show variation in the degree of repeat homogeneity. Although telomeric sequences from several organisms have been shown to fold into G-quadruplexes in vitro, surprisingly, no study has been dedicated to the comparison of G-quadruplex folding and stability of known telomeric sequences. Furthermore, to our knowledge, folding of yeast telomeric sequences into intramolecular G-quadruplexes has never been investigated. Using biophysical and biochemical methods, we studied sequences mimicking about four repetitions of telomeric motifs from a variety of organisms, including yeasts, with the aim of comparing the G-quadruplex folding potential of telomeric sequences among eukaryotes. G-quadruplex folding did not appear to be a conserved feature among yeast telomeric sequences. By contrast, all known telomeric sequences from eukaryotes other than yeasts folded into G-quadruplexes. Nevertheless, while G(3)T(1-4)A repeats (found in a variety of organisms) and G(4)T(2,4) repeats (found in ciliates) folded into stable G-quadruplexes, G-quadruplexes formed by repetitions of G(2)T(2)A and G(2)CT(2)A motifs (found in many insects and in nematodes, respectively) appeared to be in equilibrium with non-G-quadruplex structures (likely hairpin-duplexes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong Lan Thao Tran
- INSERM, U565, Acides Nucléiques: Dynamique, Ciblage et Fonctions Biologiques, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7196, Département de Régulations, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, 43 rue Cuvier, CP26, Paris Cedex 5 -75231, France
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