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Ding X, Liu W, Liu K, Gao X, Liu Y. The Deletion of LeuRS Revealed Its Important Roles in Osmotic Stress Tolerance, Amino Acid and Sugar Metabolism, and the Reproduction Process of Aspergillus montevidensis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:36. [PMID: 38248946 PMCID: PMC10820851 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus montevidensis is an important domesticated fungus that has been applied to produce many traditional fermented foods under high osmotic conditions. However, the detailed mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic stress remain largely unknown. Here, we construct a target-deleted strain (ΔLeuRS) of A. montevidensis and found that the ΔLeuRS mutants grew slowly and suppressed the development of the cleistothecium compared to the wide-type strains (WT) under salt-stressed and non-stressed conditions. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (p < 0.001) governed by LeuRS were involved in salt tolerance, ABC transporter, amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, and the reproduction process. The ΔLeuRS strains compared to WT strains under short- and long-term salinity stress especially altered accumulation levels of metabolites, such as amino acids and derivatives, carbohydrates, organic acids, and fatty acids. This study provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of salinity tolerance and lays a foundation for flavor improvement of foods fermented with A. montevidensis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kaihui Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China (Y.L.)
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2
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Wang S, Zheng C, Guo D, Chen W, Xie Q, Zhai Q. Dose-related effects of early-life intake of sn-2 palmitate, a specific positionally distributed human milk fatty acid, on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8272-8286. [PMID: 37678794 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
sn2 Palmitate in human milk plays an important role in the physiological health of infants by reducing mineral loss, improving stool hardness, and relieving constipation. Also, sn-2 palmitate modulates intestinal microbiota. However, it remains unclear whether the effects of sn-2 palmitate on infant gut microbiota are dose-dependent. In this study, we investigated the effects of low, medium, and high doses (600, 1,800, and 5,400 mg/kg body weight, respectively) of sn-2 palmitate on the structure, composition, and metabolic function of intestinal microbes in mice. Our results showed that high doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly modulated α- and β-diversity of the intestinal microbiota. The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group decreased with increasing doses of sn-2 palmitate. In contrast, the abundances of Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroides, uncultured_Lachnospiraceae, and uncultured_Muribaculaceae were positively correlated with sn-2 palmitate doses. The number of genes predicted encoding autophagy-yeast, phospholipase D signaling pathway, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion metabolic functions of intestinal microbiota increased with increasing doses of sn-2 palmitate. In addition, low and medium doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly upregulated the arginine and proline metabolic pathways, and high doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly increased purine metabolism. Our results revealed that the effects of sn-2 palmitate intake early in life on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota of mice showed dose-related differences. The study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the development of infant formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - C Zheng
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - D Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - W Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Q Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Q Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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3
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Liang F, Peng C, Luo X, Wang L, Huang Y, Yin L, Yue L, Yang J, Zhao X. A single-cell atlas of immunocytes in the spleen of a mouse model of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104783. [PMID: 37944382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a disorder characterized by rare X-linked genetic immune deficiency with mutations in the Was gene, which is specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells. The spleen plays a major role in hematopoiesis and red blood cell clearance. However, to date, comprehensive analyses of the spleen in wild-type (WT) and WASp-deficient (WAS-KO) mice, especially at the transcriptome level, have not been reported. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was adopted to identify various types of immune cells and investigate the mechanisms underlying immune deficiency. We identified 30 clusters and 10 major cell subtypes among 11,269 cells; these cell types included B cells, T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, stem cells and erythrocytes. Moreover, we evaluated gene expression differences among cell subtypes, identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and performed enrichment analyses to identify the reasons for the dysfunction in these different cell populations in WAS. Furthermore, some key genes were identified based on a comparison of the DEGs in each cell type involved in specific and nonspecific immune responses, and further analysis showed that these key genes were previously undiscovered pathology-related genes in WAS-KO mice. In summary, we present a landscape of immune cells in the spleen of WAS-KO mice based on detailed data obtained at single-cell resolution. These unprecedented data revealed the transcriptional characteristics of specific and nonspecific immune cells, and the key genes were identified, laying a foundation for future studies of WAS, especially studies into novel and underexplored mechanisms that may improve gene therapies for WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Liang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianze Luo
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Yin
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luming Yue
- Singleron Biotechnologies, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Zheng WQ, Zhang JH, Li ZH, Liu X, Zhang Y, Huang S, Li J, Zhou B, Eriani G, Wang ED, Zhou XL. Mammalian mitochondrial translation infidelity leads to oxidative stress-induced cell cycle arrest and cardiomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2309714120. [PMID: 37669377 PMCID: PMC10500172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309714120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proofreading (editing) of mischarged tRNAs by cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), whose impairment causes neurodegeneration and cardiac diseases, is of high significance for protein homeostasis. However, whether mitochondrial translation needs fidelity and the significance of editing by mitochondrial aaRSs have been unclear. Here, we show that mammalian cells critically depended on the editing of mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA synthetase (mtThrRS, encoded by Tars2), disruption of which accumulated Ser-tRNAThr and generated a large abundance of Thr-to-Ser misincorporated peptides in vivo. Such infidelity impaired mitochondrial translation and oxidative phosphorylation, causing oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Notably, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging by N-acetylcysteine attenuated this abnormal cell proliferation. A mouse model of heart-specific defective mtThrRS editing was established. Increased ROS levels, blocked cardiomyocyte proliferation, contractile dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and cardiac fibrosis were observed. Our results elucidate that mitochondria critically require a high level of translational accuracy at Thr codons and highlight the cellular dysfunctions and imbalance in tissue homeostasis caused by mitochondrial mistranslation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Jian-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Zi-Han Li
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Gilbert Eriani
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg67084, France
| | - En-Duo Wang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310024, China
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Gao Y, Fu Y, Li N, Jiang Y, Liu X, Gao C, Wang L, Wu JL, Zhou T. Carboxyl-containing components delineation via feature-based molecular networking: A key to processing conditions of fermented soybean. Food Chem 2023; 423:136321. [PMID: 37182495 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyl-containing components (CCCs) was the key chemical markers for fermented soybean, whose composition and content would be dramatically changed during the fermentation processes. To select the optimal fermented conditions, a rapid and sensitive 5-(diisopropylamino)amylamine derivatization, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry and feature-based molecular networking method was established for determination CCCs and the developed method was successfully applied to compare the dynamic changes of CCCs under different processing conditions. A total of 120 components were identified, the optimum fermentation conditions were the temperature at 30 °C, 50% humidity, with a 2-hour steaming time. Sixteen chemical markers with significant differences were screened. Furthermore, molecular docking technology was used to verify the antiperoxidative effect of these chemical markers. Accordingly, we focused on the high-content, little-studied active CCCs rather than the low-content and well-studied flavonoids. This study was helpful for the nutraceutical development and contributed scientific basis to further exploring quality evaluation of fermented food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao
| | - Yuetong Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Congcong Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lishuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao.
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Zhu Q, Zai H, Zhang K, Zhang X, Luo N, Li X, Hu Y, Wu Y. L-norvaline affects the proliferation of breast cancer cells based on the microbiome and metabolome analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1014-1026. [PMID: 35543360 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The altered fecal metabolites and microbiota might be involved in the development of breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the effect of differential metabolites on the proliferative activity of breast cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS We collected fecal samples from 14 breast cancer patients and 14 healthy subjects. Untargeted metabolomics analysis, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) targeted analysis, and 16S rDNA sequencing was performed. The gut metabolite composition of patients changed significantly. Levels of norvaline, glucuronate, and galacturonate were lower in the Cancer group than in the Control (p < 0.05). 4-Methylcatechol and guaiacol increased (p < 0.05). Acetic acid and butyric acid were lower in the Cancer group than in the Control group (p < 0.05). Isobutyric acid and pentanoic acid were higher in the Cancer group than in the Control (p < 0.05). In the genus, the abundance of Rothia and Actinomyces increased in the Cancer group, compared with the Control group (p < 0.05). The differential microbiotas were clearly associated with differential metabolites but weakly with SCFAs. The abundance of Rothia and Actinomyces was markedly positively correlated with 4-methylcatechol and guaiacol (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with norvaline (p < 0.05). L-norvaline inhibited the content of Arg-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with the L-norvaline or doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) group, the proliferation abilities of 4T1 cells were the lowest in the L-norvaline combined with DOX (p < 0.05). The apoptosis rate increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Fecal metabolites and microbiota were significantly altered in breast cancer. Levels of differential metabolites (i.e., Norvaline) were significantly correlated with the abundance of differential microbiota. L-norvaline combined with DOX could clearly inhibit the proliferation activity of breast cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY This might provide clues to uncover potential biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyan Zai
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center For Breast Cancer In Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhui Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center For Breast Cancer In Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Sullivan JR, Lupien A, Kalthoff E, Hamela C, Taylor L, Munro KA, Schmeing TM, Kremer L, Behr MA. Efficacy of epetraborole against Mycobacterium abscessus is increased with norvaline. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009965. [PMID: 34637487 PMCID: PMC8535176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is the most common rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria to cause pulmonary disease in patients with impaired lung function such as cystic fibrosis. M. abscessus displays high intrinsic resistance to common antibiotics and inducible resistance to macrolides like clarithromycin. As such, M. abscessus is clinically resistant to the entire regimen of front-line M. tuberculosis drugs, and treatment with antibiotics that do inhibit M. abscessus in the lab results in cure rates of 50% or less. Here, we identified epetraborole (EPT) from the MMV pandemic response box as an inhibitor against the essential protein leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) in M. abscessus. EPT protected zebrafish from lethal M. abscessus infection and did not induce self-resistance nor against clarithromycin. Contrary to most antimycobacterials, the whole-cell activity of EPT was greater against M. abscessus than M. tuberculosis, but crystallographic and equilibrium binding data showed that EPT binds LeuRSMabs and LeuRSMtb with similar residues and dissociation constants. Since EPT-resistant M. abscessus mutants lost LeuRS editing activity, these mutants became susceptible to misaminoacylation with leucine mimics like the non-proteinogenic amino acid norvaline. Proteomic analysis revealed that when M. abscessus LeuRS mutants were fed norvaline, leucine residues in proteins were replaced by norvaline, inducing the unfolded protein response with temporal changes in expression of GroEL chaperonins and Clp proteases. This supports our in vitro data that supplementation of media with norvaline reduced the emergence of EPT mutants in both M. abscessus and M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, the combination of EPT and norvaline had improved in vivo efficacy compared to EPT in a murine model of M. abscessus infection. Our results emphasize the effectiveness of EPT against the clinically relevant cystic fibrosis pathogen M. abscessus, and these findings also suggest norvaline adjunct therapy with EPT could be beneficial for M. abscessus and other mycobacterial infections like tuberculosis. Current antimycobacterial drugs are inadequate to handle the increasing number of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections that eclipse tuberculosis infections in many developed countries. Of particular importance for cystic fibrosis patients, Mycobacterium abscessus is notoriously difficult to treat where patients spend extended time on antibiotics with cure rates comparable to extreme drug resistant M. tuberculosis. Here, we identified epetraborole (EPT) with in vitro and in vivo activities against M. abscessus. We showed that EPT targets the editing domain of the leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) and that escape mutants lost LeuRS editing activity, making these mutants susceptible to misaminoacylation with leucine mimics. Most importantly, combination therapy of EPT and norvaline limited the rate of EPT resistance in both M. abscessus and M. tuberculosis, and this was the first study to demonstrate improved in vivo efficacy of EPT and norvaline compared to EPT in a murine model of M. abscessus pulmonary infection. The demonstration of norvaline adjunct therapy with EPT for M. abscessus infections is promising for cystic fibrosis patients and could translate to other mycobacterial infections, such as tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaryd R. Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Andréanne Lupien
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elias Kalthoff
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structural, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Claire Hamela
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lorne Taylor
- Clinical Proteomics Platform, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Kim A. Munro
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structural, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - T. Martin Schmeing
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structural, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, IRIM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marcel A. Behr
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- * E-mail:
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8
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Zhang H, Wu J, Lyu Z, Ling J. Impact of alanyl-tRNA synthetase editing deficiency in yeast. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:9953-9964. [PMID: 34500470 PMCID: PMC8464055 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are essential enzymes that provide the ribosome with aminoacyl-tRNA substrates for protein synthesis. Mutations in aaRSs lead to various neurological disorders in humans. Many aaRSs utilize editing to prevent error propagation during translation. Editing defects in alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) cause neurodegeneration and cardioproteinopathy in mice and are associated with microcephaly in human patients. The cellular impact of AlaRS editing deficiency in eukaryotes remains unclear. Here we use yeast as a model organism to systematically investigate the physiological role of AlaRS editing. Our RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomics results reveal that AlaRS editing defects surprisingly activate the general amino acid control pathway and attenuate the heatshock response. We have confirmed these results with reporter and growth assays. In addition, AlaRS editing defects downregulate carbon metabolism and attenuate protein synthesis. Supplying yeast cells with extra carbon source partially rescues the heat sensitivity caused by AlaRS editing deficiency. These findings are in stark contrast with the cellular effects caused by editing deficiency in other aaRSs. Our study therefore highlights the idiosyncratic role of AlaRS editing compared with other aaRSs and provides a model for the physiological impact caused by the lack of AlaRS editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhihui Lyu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jiqiang Ling
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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9
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Ren X, Wang N, Zhou Y, Song A, Jin G, Li Z, Luan Y. An injectable hydrogel using an immunomodulating gelator for amplified tumor immunotherapy by blocking the arginase pathway. Acta Biomater 2021; 124:179-190. [PMID: 33524560 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Arginase 1 (ARG1) inactivates T cells by degrading L-arginine, severely reducing the immunotherapeutic efficacy. Effectively blocking the ARG1 pathway remains a challenge. L-norvaline is a very cheap and negligible side effects inhibitor of ARG1. However, its blockage efficacy for ARG1 is impeded by its high half-maximal-inhibitory concentration (IC50) requiring high drug loading content of L-norvaline in carriers. Moreover its high water solubility results in bursting and uncontrolled release. Herein we reported an injectable hydrogel strategy via an L-norvaline-based immunomodulating gelator that could effectively block ARG1 pathway. The designed gelator was a diblock copolymer containing L-norvaline-based polypeptide block, which could construct a thermally responsive injectable hydrogel by its self-gelation in tumor microenvironments. The hydrogel not only ensures high drug loading of L-norvaline, but also ensures controlled release of L-norvaline through responsive peptide bond cleavage, thereby solving the problems encountered by L-norvaline. The injectable hydrogel in combination with doxorubicin hydrochloride demonstrated a potent immunotherapy for removal of primary tumors, suppression of abscopal tumors and inhibition of pulmonary metastasis by combining the blockage of ARG1 pathway and the immunogenic cell death. Our immunomodulating gelator strategy provides a robust injectable hydrogel platform to efficiently reverse ARG1 immunosuppressive environments for amplified immunotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We designed an injectable hydrogel via an L-norvaline-based immunomodulating gelator. The designed gelator, a diblock copolymer containing an L-norvaline-based polypeptide block, enabled a thermally responsive injectable hydrogel by its self-gelation in tumor microenvironments. The injectable hydrogel not only guarantees high drug loading of L-norvaline, but also ensures controlled release of L-norvaline through responsive peptide bonds cleavage, thereby solving the problems encountered by L-norvaline. By further introducing doxorubicin hydrochloride in the hydrogel for inducing immunogenic cell death, the hydrogel showed remarkable immunotherapeutic efficacy towards ablation of primary tumors, suppression of abscopal tumors and inhibition of pulmonary metastasis. Our immunomodulating gelator strategy provides a new concept to efficiently reverse Arginase 1 immunosuppressive environments for amplified immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yaxin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Aixin Song
- Key Laboratory of Colloid & Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Guoxia Jin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid & Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuxia Luan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Domvri K, Petanidis S, Anestakis D, Porpodis K, Bai C, Zarogoulidis P, Freitag L, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Katopodi T. Dual photothermal MDSCs-targeted immunotherapy inhibits lung immunosuppressive metastasis by enhancing T-cell recruitment. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7051-7062. [PMID: 32186564 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunosuppressive chemoresistance is a major barrier in lung cancer treatment. However, the immunosuppressive mechanisms responsible for lung cancer cell chemoresistance and tumor relapse are still unknown. In this study, we introduce a model of precise immunosuppressive-based nanotherapy by designing and delivering biocompatible MDSC-targeted nanocarriers (NCs) into the lung tumor microenvironment. This is accomplished by conjugating l-Norvaline and Sunitinib integrated into biodegradable nanosomes in order to facilitate inhibition of tumor-supporting immunosuppression. Findings show that treatment with NCs increased apoptosis and significantly reduced tumor volume and Ki-67 antigen expression respectively. Biodistribution analysis revealed an increase in drug circulation time, as well as a greater accumulation in lung and peripheral tissues. Furthermore, an upregulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes expression was observed, especially CD8+ T cells by 27%, and CD4+ T cells by 7% compared to PBS treatment. The presence of CD161+ (NK1.1) cells revealed NK cell activation followed by decreased MDSC infiltration and MDSC subsets were characterized by the reduction of Gr/CD11b cell population in blood and tissue samples. In addition, these nanospheres, showed increased PTT efficiency and tumour targeting ability as evidenced by highly efficient tumour ablation under near infrared (NIR) exposure. Significant tumor reduction was observed due to recruitment of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, followed by downregulation of immunosuppressive Foxp3+ Treg cells. Taken together, our findings provide a novel nanodrug delivery strategy for the inhibition of MDSC-related immunosuppression in lung tumor microenvironment and provide a new approach for the efficient treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Domvri
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 57010, Greece
| | - Savvas Petanidis
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece. and Department of Pulmonology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Doxakis Anestakis
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece. and Department of Pulmonology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation and Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 57010, Greece
| | - Chong Bai
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Third Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lutz Freitag
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Theodora Katopodi
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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11
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Liu Y, Hu XB, Zhang LZ, Wang Z, Fu R. Knockdown of Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase Attenuates Ischemia-Induced Cerebral Cortex Injury in Rats After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:147-163. [PMID: 32221863 PMCID: PMC7803708 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Some researchers have previously shown that RNAi knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase (ArgRS) before or after a hypoxic injury can rescue animals from death, based on the model organism, C. elegans. However, there has been no study on the application of arginyl-tRNA synthetase knockdown in treating mammalian ischemic stroke, and its potential mechanism and effect on ischemic brain damage are still unknown. Here, we focused on the Rars gene, which encodes an arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and examined the effects of Rars knockdown in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats. To achieve this aim, adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given right cerebral cortex injections of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) adenovirus (AV) particles to knock down arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and a non-targeting control (NTC) vector or phosphate-buffered solution served as the controls. After 4 days, the rats were exposed to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Then, the right cerebral cortex level of arginyl-tRNA synthetase was examined, and the effects of the Rars knockdown were evaluated by differences in infarction volume, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism at 1 day and 3 days after MCAO. The injection of shRNA adenovirus particles successfully suppressed the expression of arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the cerebral cortex. We observed an improvement in oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and glucose utilization and a reduction in brain edema compared with the non-targeting control rats with suppressed expression of arginyl-tRNA synthetase mRNA in the ipsilateral ischemic cortex of the brain. Our findings indicate that knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the cerebral cortex exerted neuroprotective effects, which were achieved not only by the improvement of oxidative stress and glucose utilization but also by the maintenance of mitochondrial morphological integrity and the preservation of mitochondrial function. Knockdown of ArgRS administration could be a promising approach to protect ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xue-Bin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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A molecular dynamics simulation study of amino acid selectivity of LeuRS editing domain from Thermus thermophilus. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 84:74-81. [PMID: 29935476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The accuracy of protein synthesis is provided by the editing functions of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), a mechanism that eliminates misactivated amino acids or mischarged tRNAs. Despite research efforts, some molecular bases of these mechanisms are still unclear. The post-transfer editing pathway of leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) carried out in a special insertion domain (the Connective Polypeptide 1 or CP1), as editing domain. Recently, it was shown by in vivo studies and was supported by mutagenesis, and the kinetics approaches that the CP1 domain of LeuRS has discriminatory power for different substrates. The goal of this work is to investigate the structural basis for amino acid recognition of LeuRS post-transfer editing processes with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. To pursue this aim, the molecular modeling studies on Thermus thermophiles LeuRS (LeuRSTT) with two post-transfer substrates (norvalyl-tRNALeu and isoleucyl-tRNALeu) was performed. Our results revealed that post-transfer substrate norvalyl-tRNALeu is more favorable. Moreover, the MD simulations show that branched side chain of Ile-A76 cannot allow water molecules to get close, which leads to a significant decrease in the rate of hydrolysis. Finally, the study showed that site mutation Asp347Ala has elucidated a number of fine structural differences in the binding mode of two post-transfer substrates to the active centre of LeuRS editing domain and two conserved threonines, namely Thr247 and Thr248, are responsible for the amino acid selection through the interaction with substrates.
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