1
|
Deshmukh AP, Cornman-Homonoff J. Suction thrombectomy of catheter-associated right atrial thrombus in two patients. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:1020-1022. [PMID: 36971395 DOI: 10.1177/11297298231162879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Catheter associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition. There are no established guidelines for management, and treatment ranges from systemic anticoagulation and thrombolysis to open surgery. While there have been reports on use of suction thrombectomy for right atrial thrombi, the feasibility and outcomes of suction thrombectomy in CRAT have not been described. These two cases describe a successful off-label use of two devices (Triever 20, Inari Medical, Irvine, CA, and AlphaVac, AngioDynamics, Latham, NY) for thrombectomy in CRAT. Both patients had near complete extraction of chronic appearing thrombus, with follow up imaging demonstrating complete resolution. Suction thrombectomy may have a unique role in management in CRAT, especially in cases of infected thrombi. A formal exemption from the institutional review board was obtained for publication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin P Deshmukh
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health-Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT, USA
| | - Joshua Cornman-Homonoff
- Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carroll K, Goncalves J, Kalimi R, Manvar-Singh P. Hemodialysis catheter-related right atrial thrombus treated with the FlowTriever system. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2023; 9:101318. [PMID: 38106355 PMCID: PMC10725059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2023.101318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneled catheters are frequently used in patients with end-stage renal disease who require hemodialysis access. Catheter-related atrial thrombus is a documented complication of prolonged catheter use. The incidence of catheter-related atrial thrombus is 2% to 29%, with a high mortality rate approaching 20%, raising concerns for serious complications and death in the absence of an established universal management plan. This case series demonstrates the successful use of a minimally invasive approach to treat patients with intracardiac thrombus and high perioperative risk factors using mechanical and aspiration thrombectomy with the FlowTriever system (Inari Medical).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Carroll
- Department of Surgery at South Shore University Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Bay Shore, NY
| | - John Goncalves
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at South Shore University Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Bay Shore, NY
| | - Robert Kalimi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at South Shore University Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Bay Shore, NY
| | - Pallavi Manvar-Singh
- Department of Surgery at South Shore University Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Bay Shore, NY
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bermudez M, Pedraza L, Guevara N, Erazo G, Valerio FR. Management of a Right Heart Intracavitary Thrombus in Transit in a Patient With Gastric Cancer in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e43133. [PMID: 37692570 PMCID: PMC10484470 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A right atrial thrombus is an unusual source of imminent massive saddle pulmonary embolism (PE) . A hypercoagulable state secondary to gastric cancer (GC) can result in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with a resultant right-sided heart thrombus in transit. Here, we present a case of a young male patient from Honduras with DVT and multiple venous thrombi extending from the external iliac veins to the suprahepatic left vein, inferior vena cava, and right atrium of the heart, secondary to a hypercoagulable state from GC, adenocarcinoma type. We describe the approach of treating a right heart intracavitary thrombus with imminent risk for saddle PE and sudden cardiac death with thrombolysis through a central venous catheter (CVC) in a resource-limited setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bermudez
- Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital (SBH) Health System, Bronx, USA
| | - Laura Pedraza
- Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital (SBH) Health System, Bronx, USA
| | - Nehemias Guevara
- Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital (SBH) Health System, Bronx, USA
| | - Gloria Erazo
- Internal Medicine, Universidad Católica de Honduras, San Pedro Sula, HND
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mathew GG, Kompella KK, Jayabalan R, Rajkumar V. Catheter related atrial thrombus caused by Abiotrophia defectiva: A case series and review of literature. J Vasc Access 2023:11297298231188926. [PMID: 37464787 DOI: 10.1177/11297298231188926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Catheter related atrial thrombus (CRAT) is a devastating complication associated with tunneled hemodialysis catheter. Abiotrophia defectiva is a rare fastidious pathogen implicated predominantly in culture negative infective endocarditis. Here we report three cases of CRAT in maintenance hemodialysis patients with variable clinical presentation caused by Abiotrophia defectiva. Video assisted thoracoscopic retrieval of atrial thrombus is a novel technique which is scarcely reported in medical literature for surgical management of large atrial thrombus. Our cases were managed by timely administration of antibiotics and anticoagulants followed by surgical retrieval of atrial thrombus with removal of tunneled dialysis catheter. This case series illustrates the importance of prompt diagnosis, appropriate anticoagulation with antibiotics, and mini-invasive surgical removal of atrial thrombus for the management of CRAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerry George Mathew
- Department of Nephrology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kompella
- Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Army Hospital R&R, Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajamahesh Jayabalan
- Department of Nephrology, Apollo Hospital Greams Lane, Thousand Lights, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesh Rajkumar
- Department of Nephrology, Apollo Hospital Greams Lane, Thousand Lights, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hussain RN, Mandal AKJ, Li N, Kafsi JE, Sioftanos A, Missouris CG. Right heart thrombus in transit and peripherally inserted central catheters. Thromb J 2023; 21:68. [PMID: 37349797 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Right heart thrombus in transit or "free-floating right heart thrombus" is defined as thrombus(i) arising from the deep veins that embolises to the right atrium or right ventricle before reaching the pulmonary vasculature. It is almost always associated with pulmonary thromboembolism and is a medical emergency with reported mortality rates of over 40%. We present two cases of right heart thrombus in transit with pulmonary thromboembolism resulting from venous thrombosis associated with peripherally inserted central catheters that were managed with different approaches. The cases highlight that clinicians should have a low threshold to utilise imaging modalities such as computerised tomography and transthoracic echocardiography when there is an untoward change in physiological parameters among patients with peripherally inserted central catheters, particularly those with risk factors for peripherally inserted central catheter associated venous thrombosis. Furthermore, procedural optimisation surrounding peripherally inserted central catheters, such as insertion technique and choice of lumen size, is underscored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rezwan N Hussain
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK
| | - Amit K J Mandal
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK.
| | - Nick Li
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK
- The Queen's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jihène El Kafsi
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK
- Ashford and St Peter's NHS Foundation Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | | | - Constantinos G Missouris
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK
- University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hanuna M, Pattathu J, Buech J, Kamla C, Kneidinger N, Behr J, Milger K, Veit T, Nagel M, Abicht J, Dalla-Pozza R, Fischer M, Jakob A, Hermann M, Schramm R, Rosenthal LL, Haas N, Hörer J, Hagl C, Michel SG. Case report: Central venous catheter thrombosis complicated by chronic thromboembolic disease/pulmonary hypertension in two children requiring parenteral nutrition. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1198204. [PMID: 37363098 PMCID: PMC10285210 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1198204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare but life-threatening complication of long-term central venous catheters (CVC) in children. However, evidence in terms of potential treatment strategies and outcome data remains scarce. We describe two cases of CVC-related thrombosis (Hickman-catheter) complicated by recurrent pulmonary emboli. One patient experienced a complete thromboembolic obstruction of the right pulmonary artery with normal pulmonary pressures and the second patient suffered from a central thromboembolic obstruction of both pulmonary arteries associated with severe pulmonary hypertension. Both patients successfully underwent surgical thromboendarterectomy with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Hanuna
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph Pattathu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joscha Buech
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Kamla
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Kneidinger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Pulmonology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juergen Behr
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Pulmonology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Milger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Pulmonology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Veit
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Pulmonology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marina Nagel
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Abicht
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Dalla-Pozza
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andre Jakob
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Hermann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rene Schramm
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Laura L. Rosenthal
- Division of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Haas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hörer
- Division of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian G. Michel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Division of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Asymptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism due to hemodialisys catheter thrombosis: case series and literature review. CEN Case Rep 2022. [PMID: 36574198 PMCID: PMC10393924 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-022-00757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Right atrial thrombus is commonly associated to catheters. Catheter-related right atrial thrombus (CRAT) in hemodialysis patients frequently presents as pulmonary embolism. Although CRAT is sometimes asymptomatic, even in these cases it is associated with worse prognosis. The management strategy for CRAT is not well established, however, along with catheter removal, anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgical thrombectomy may be performed. Suspicion of asymptomatic pulmonary embolism associated to CRAT is important in order to perform proper treatment. The authors of this article report two cases of asymptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism due to CRAT in hemodialysis patients and perform a review of the literature.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nassereldine H, Hajj-Ali A, Hassanieh J, Hamideh D, Jaafar RF, Akel S, Zaghal A. Catheter-related atrial thrombosis: prevalence and risk factors in the pediatric age group—a retrospective study. ANNALS OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43159-022-00227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT) is an under-studied complication of a long-term implantable venous access devices (IVAD), particularly in children with incidence rates extrapolated from the adult literature ranging between 2 and 29%. This is a single-center retrospective review of electronic medical records of children who underwent insertion of IVADs and had at least one echocardiogram performed prior to catheter removal between 2008 and 2018. Data collection included demographic information, development of CRAT, systemic infection, and administration of thrombogenic chemotherapeutic agents. We identified six patients who developed CRAT and compared them to 120 control patients. We also performed a detailed chart review for the patients who developed CRAT. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS.
Results
A total of 764 patients underwent IVAD placement between 2008 and 2018. Six (0.79%) patients developed CRAT, and 120 patients were identified as controls that match the CRAT patients based on definitive criteria that include age, gender, chemotherapy type, steroid therapy, reason of line insertion, site of catheter insertion, tip-location at insertion, and history of systemic infections. In the CRAT group, 3 (50%) patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction and 3 (50%) in the right atrium, whereas in the control group, all patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction (p=0.000). Five (83.3%) patients in the CRAT group received L-asparaginase as compared to 75 (62.5%) patients in the control group (p=0.301). In the CRAT group, all patients had a history of systemic infection compared to 47 (39.2%) in the control group (p=0.180).
Conclusion
We identified 6 (0.79%) children with CRAT. Catheter-tip location within the right atrium is a potential risk factor for CRAT development in children.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mir M, Velez M, Proud KD. A 64-Year-Old Woman With Shock and Right Atrial Thrombus. Chest 2022; 162:e317-e319. [PMID: 36494132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor Mir
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
| | - Maria Velez
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Kevin D Proud
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Neyra NR, Wazir S. The evolving panorama of vascular access in the 21st century. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2022; 2:917265. [PMID: 37675010 PMCID: PMC10479615 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2022.917265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
There are three major types of hemodialysis vascular access: hemodialysis catheters, arteriovenous grafts, and arteriovenous fistulas. Arteriovenous fistulas provide the best access due to their reliability and long-term patency. They are recommended by the current Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiatives (K-DOQI) guidelines; however, not all patients benefit from arteriovenous fistulas due to poor maturation or a lack of adequate vasculature. Currently, hemodialysis is initiated via catheters in the majority of patients. Catheters are associated with high morbidity and mortality due to infection, lower quality of dialysis, and the development of central vein stenosis. The varied responses of patients to the different access types exemplify the need to choose the "right access for the right patient" based on scores that can predict death risk and progression of chronic kidney disease. Additionally, vascular access, often referred to as the "Achilles' heel" of hemodialysis patients, represents a significant percentage of the Medicare budget that continues to increase yearly. The purpose of this paper is to review the current literature on the management of vascular access complications and infection treatment and prevention. The paper also explores emerging research regarding the devices and methods to improve access outcomes such as early cannulation arteriovenous grafts, endovascular arteriovenous fistula creation, and regenerative grafts with resorbable scaffolds, among others. The data were collected through literature searches via PubMed, Athens and web search engines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilda Roxana Neyra
- Arizona Kidney Disease and Hypertension Center (AKDHC), Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mathevosian S, Ranade M. Right Heart Clot-in-Transit: Endovascular Therapies. Semin Intervent Radiol 2022; 39:515-522. [PMID: 36561934 PMCID: PMC9767789 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Right heart thrombus is a challenging high mortality disease typically seen in the setting of pulmonary embolism. Traditional treatments have included anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgical embolectomy. Advances in recognition and treatment of clot-in-transit have led to the development of endovascular therapies increasingly becoming the preferred method of treatment due to rapid debulking and lower morbidity. Novel endovascular devices are large bore aspiration thrombectomy systems which mitigate the use of concomitant thrombolytics. The article reviews the disease process, relevant literature, and current endovascular devices and strategies for the treatment of right heart thrombus and clot-in-transit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sipan Mathevosian
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mona Ranade
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alam K, Pendlebury GA, Oro P, McAlister J, Hashmi T, Ijaz HM, Chaudhry A, Ergle K. Application of Aspiration-Assisted Percutaneous Venous Removal of Right Atrial Thrombus in a Critically Ill Patient: A Case Study and Clinical Management Overview. Cureus 2022; 14:e28852. [PMID: 36159347 PMCID: PMC9491628 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein present a complex case of a 50-year-old female with catheter-related atrial thrombus (CRAT). This patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presented with angioedema leading to respiratory failure. She was subsequently intubated, and the pre-procedural course was complicated by a cardio-respiratory arrest, and anoxic brain injury. The patient’s hemodialysis catheter placement in the superior vena cava (SVC) potentially correlated with the development of the right atrial thrombus. The patient was treated percutaneously as she presented with complex morbidities. The mass was successfully removed via aspiration-assisted percutaneous right heart bypass, a procedure that utilizes a vacuum system to remove thrombi. Post-procedure, the patient remained stable and continued supervised care.
Collapse
|
13
|
Goh FQ, Leow AS, Ho JS, Ho AF, Tan BY, Yeo LL, Li TY, Galupo MJ, Chan MY, Yeo TC, Wong RC, Chai P, Sia CH. Clinical Characteristics, Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Right-Sided Cardiac Thrombus. Hellenic J Cardiol 2022; 68:1-8. [PMID: 35987512 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right-sided cardiac thrombus is rare and may be caused by venous thromboembolism, in association with medical devices or stasis of blood in atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies. Complications include pulmonary embolism (PE) and paradoxical stroke. Current data are limited and mostly from case series and PE registries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, echocardiographic features, treatment and outcomes of right-sided cardiac thrombus patients. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study of 97 consecutive patients with right-sided cardiac thrombus detected on echocardiography. We studied co-morbidities, predisposing factors, thrombus characteristics and therapeutic interventions and assessed their associations with development of PE, paradoxical stroke, circulatory collapse and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Mean age was 58.7 years and 55/97 (56.7%) were female. Ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and malignancy were common co-morbidities. Right atrial thrombus was often associated with medical devices while right ventricular thrombus was more commonly associated with cardiomyopathy. Thrombus mobility did not affect embolic events but was associated with greater short-term mortality. On multivariable analysis, anticoagulation (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.68) and thrombus resolution (HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.13-0.62) were associated with greater survival. CONCLUSIONS Right-sided cardiac thrombus is rare but may have potentially life-threatening complications such as PE and paradoxical stroke. Further research is needed to determine optimal therapeutic strategies in this poorly-studied population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qin Goh
- National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Aloysius St Leow
- National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Jamie Sy Ho
- Academic Foundation Program, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew F Ho
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Emergency Medicine Academic Clinical Program, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Pre-hospital and Emergency Care Research Centre, Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School
| | - Benjamin Yq Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leonard Ll Yeo
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Yw Li
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary Joyce Galupo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Y Chan
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tiong-Cheng Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond Cc Wong
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ping Chai
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Hui Sia
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Forté S, De Luna G, Abdulrehman J, Fadiga N, Pestrin O, Pham Hung d’Alexandry d’Orengiani AL, Aneke JC, Guillet H, Budhram D, Habibi A, Ward R, Bartolucci P, Kuo KHM. Thromboprophylaxis Reduced Venous Thromboembolism in Sickle Cell Patients with Central Venous Access Devices: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051193. [PMID: 35268283 PMCID: PMC8910838 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) induces a chronic prothrombotic state. Central venous access devices (CVADs) are commonly used for chronic transfusions and iron chelation in this population. CVADs are an additional venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factor. The role of thromboprophylaxis in this setting is uncertain. The objectives are: (1) to determine whether thromboprophylaxis reduces VTE risk in SCD patients with CVAD and (2) to explore characteristics associated with VTE risk. We identified adults with SCD and CVAD intended for chronic use (≥3 months) at two comprehensive SCD centers. Thromboprophylaxis presence; type; intensity; and patient-, catheter-, and treatment-related VTE risk factors were recorded. Among 949 patients, 49 had a CVAD (25 without and 24 with VTE prophylaxis). Thromboprophylaxis type and intensity varied widely. Patients without thromboprophylaxis had higher VTE rates (rate ratio (RR) = 4.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.2−12.6), p = 0.02). Hydroxyurea was associated with lower VTE rates (RR = 20.5 (6.4−65.3), p < 0.001). PICC lines and Vortex and Xcela Power implantable devices were associated with higher rates compared with Port-a-Cath (RR = 5.8 (1.3−25.9), p = 0.02, and RR = 58.2 (15.0−225.0), p < 0.001, respectively). Thromboprophylaxis, hydroxyurea, and CVAD subtype were independently associated with VTE. The potentially protective role of thromboprophylaxis and hydroxyurea for VTE prevention in patients with SCD and CVAD merits further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Forté
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Gonzalo De Luna
- Sickle Cell Referral Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, APHP, 94000 Créteil, France; (G.D.L.); (A.-L.P.H.d.d.); (H.G.); (A.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Jameel Abdulrehman
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Nafanta Fadiga
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Olivia Pestrin
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Anne-Laure Pham Hung d’Alexandry d’Orengiani
- Sickle Cell Referral Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, APHP, 94000 Créteil, France; (G.D.L.); (A.-L.P.H.d.d.); (H.G.); (A.H.); (P.B.)
| | - John Chinawaeze Aneke
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Henri Guillet
- Sickle Cell Referral Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, APHP, 94000 Créteil, France; (G.D.L.); (A.-L.P.H.d.d.); (H.G.); (A.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Dalton Budhram
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Anoosha Habibi
- Sickle Cell Referral Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, APHP, 94000 Créteil, France; (G.D.L.); (A.-L.P.H.d.d.); (H.G.); (A.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Richard Ward
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Pablo Bartolucci
- Sickle Cell Referral Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, APHP, 94000 Créteil, France; (G.D.L.); (A.-L.P.H.d.d.); (H.G.); (A.H.); (P.B.)
- Laboratoire D’Excellence, GRex, Institut Mondor, INSERM U955 Equipe 2, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Kevin H. M. Kuo
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; (S.F.); (J.A.); (N.F.); (O.P.); (J.C.A.); (D.B.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu SY, Chen YC, Feng JL, Zhou QY, Chen J, Zhu CF, Guo MM, Zhang MM, Zhang QY, Lu M, Yang L, Wu J, Zhao SX, Song HD, Ye XP. Detection of BRAF V600E in Fine-Needle Aspiration Samples of Thyroid Nodules by Droplet Digital PCR. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:6243696. [PMID: 35392249 PMCID: PMC8983273 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6243696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF exon 15 p.V600E (BRAF V600E) mutation has been established as an important molecular marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Sanger sequencing is the gold standard for detecting BRAF V600E mutations but fails to identify low-frequency mutations. However, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a popular new method for detecting low-frequency mutations. Here, we compare the efficiency of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and Sanger sequencing for detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples. METHODS Thyroid fine-needle aspiration samples from 278 patients with 310 thyroid nodules were collected. Sanger sequencing and ddPCR were conducted to detect the BRAF V600E mutation. RESULTS The BRAF V600E mutation was found in 94 nodules (30.32%) by ddPCR and 40 nodules (12.90%) by Sanger sequencing in 310 FNA samples. A total of 119 nodules were confirmed PTC by postsurgical pathology. Among which the BRAF mutation was found in 80 (67.23%) nodules by ddPCR and 31 (26.05%) by Sanger sequencing. All nodules carrying the mutation detected by Sanger sequencing (SS+) were verified by ddPCR (ddPCR+). Also, all nodules with no mutation detected by ddPCR were interpreted as wild-type by Sanger sequencing (SS-). In addition. Almost all SS+/ddPCR + nodules (95.00%; 38/40) and SS-/ddPCR + nodules (100.00%; 54/54) displayed a BRAF mutation rate of >5% and <15%, respectively, indicating easy misdetection by Sanger sequencing when the mutation rate is between 5 and 15%. CONCLUSION ddPCR has higher sensitivity than Sanger sequencing and we propose ddPCR as a supplement to Sanger sequencing in molecular testing of BRAF using FNAB samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yu Lu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chao Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Lin Feng
- Head and Neck Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Yi Zhou
- Head and Neck Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Fang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao-Miao Guo
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man-Man Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Yue Zhang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Xia Zhao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai-Dong Song
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Ye
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, the Core Laboratory, Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stombaugh DK, Daubenspeck D, Chaney MA, Lu S, Fitzsimons MG, Gerlach RM. Percutaneous Vacuum-Assisted Thrombectomy for Right Atrial Mass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:3392-3402. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
17
|
Akanya DT, Parekh J, Abraham S, Uche S, Lancaster G. Catheter-Related Right Atrial Thrombus Requiring Surgical Embolectomy. Cureus 2021; 13:e17641. [PMID: 34646689 PMCID: PMC8485875 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporary central venous hemodialysis (HD) catheters are commonly used in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients while awaiting peritoneal dialysis catheter, arterio-venous fistula or graft placement and maturation. Catheter-related right atrial thrombus (CRAT) is a common finding in patients with central venous catheters (CVCs) and can cause CVC to malfunction. The incidence of CRAT is about 29% with a mortality of 18.3% or greater if not identified and managed appropriately. Two major types of right atrial (RA) thrombi have been identified. Type A thrombus usually originates in the peripheral veins embolizing to the RA. Type B originates within a structurally abnormal RA and is usually attached to the chamber walls or foreign bodies like CVC or intra-cardiac wires. There is a high risk of thrombi embolization leading to pulmonary embolism as in our patient, systemic embolization if a right to left shunt is present and potential hemodynamic compromise. The optimal therapeutic approach is still a subject of discussion, but timely catheter removal with prompt initiation of systemic anticoagulation is key. Surgical management is pursued when medical therapy fails or if the thrombus is greater than 6 cm. Our case is that of a 30-year-old male with CRAT successfully treated with surgical embolectomy after the failure of systemic anticoagulation. This case highlights the importance of early detection of CRAT, initiation of optimal medical therapy and the need for surgical intervention when medical therapy fails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah T Akanya
- Cardiology, Yale New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, USA
| | - Jay Parekh
- Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, USA
| | - Soniya Abraham
- Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, USA
| | - Sam Uche
- Data Analyst/Health Information Technologist, Cigna Health Insurance, Bloomfield, USA
| | - Gilead Lancaster
- Cardiology, Yale New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vasilakis GM, Lakhani DA, Adelanwa A, Hogg JP, Kim C. Atypical imaging presentation of a massive intracavitary cardiac thrombus: A case report and brief review of the literature. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:2847-2852. [PMID: 34401011 PMCID: PMC8350016 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracavitary cardiac thrombi, uncommonly found in the right chambers, have been shown to form secondary to endocardial and myocardial diseases. The differential diagnosis for an intracavitary cardiac mass is broad, including primary cardiac tumors, cardiac metastases, anatomic variants, vegetations, and thrombi. Here we present a unique case with a large calcified intracavitary cardiac thrombus in a 26-year-old woman with obesity, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and a new diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Initial imaging presentation in this case masqueraded as a tumor, delaying the true diagnosis. A combination of cardiac imaging techniques, including transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms, cardiac CT, and cardiac MRI were required to correctly diagnose this calcified bland thrombus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia M Vasilakis
- School of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Dhairya A Lakhani
- Department of Radiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Ayodele Adelanwa
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jeffery P Hogg
- Department of Radiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Cathy Kim
- Department of Radiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.,Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
A 51-Year-Old Man With Right Atrial Neoplasm Presenting With Syncope and Shock. Chest 2021; 160:e237-e241. [PMID: 34366051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
20
|
Clark JR, Hoffman SC, Shlobin NA, Bavishi A, Narang A. Incidence of catheter-associated right atrial thrombus detected by transthoracic echocardiogram. Echocardiography 2021; 38:435-439. [PMID: 33523518 DOI: 10.1111/echo.14987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of right atrial (RA) thrombus (RAT) is a known complication of central venous catheter insertion (CVC). Deeper insertion of CVC within the RA may increase the risk for RAT development versus those placed at the superior vena cava (SVC)-RA junction. We sought to evaluate the incidence of catheter-associated RAT as detected by transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs), characterize thrombi though multimodal imaging, and evaluate thrombi management with follow-up imaging. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of consecutive TTEs from our institution between October 1, 2018, and January 1, 2020, in which a venous catheter was visualized in the RA. Studies were reviewed in detail to determine the presence of suspected RAT. Demographic data, comorbidities, laboratory values, characteristics of the catheter and the thrombus, subsequent imaging and management, and outcomes were collected. RESULTS A total of 364 TTEs were performed in 290 patients with a venous catheter visualized in the RA. Of these 290 patients, 15 had an imaging suspicion for RAT yielding an incidence of 5.2%. Management strategies included anticoagulation in 13 (86.7%) patients and catheter removal in 11 (73.3%) patients. At eight months of follow-up, 11 (73.3%) patients had resolution of RAT based on subsequent imaging. CONCLUSION In patients with deeply placed CVC catheters, the incidental detection of RAT by TTE was not trivial. Anticoagulation and catheter removal and replacement, if deemed safe, were effective methods of thrombus management. RAT as a complication of CVCs must be accounted for when addressing factors that influence depth of CVC insertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Clark
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven C Hoffman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nathan A Shlobin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aakash Bavishi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Akhil Narang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Y, Shi J, Li JJ, Zhang L, Li Y. Systemic thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy for catheter-related right atrial thrombosis caused by TIVAP: A case report and review of the literature. J Vasc Access 2021; 23:313-317. [PMID: 33506722 DOI: 10.1177/1129729821989159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As an under-reported, severe, and life-threatening complication, catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT) can appear at any age with any type of central venous catheter (CVC). However, most reports are limited to hemodialysis patients with CVC. Totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) is widely used for the infusion of high-concentration chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer patients. However, these catheters may cause CRAT. CASE DESCRIPTION A 27-year-old female patient with TIVAP was referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy because of breast cancer. At 60 days after TIVAP implantation, routine transthoracic ultrasound examination confirmed a mass of 3.4 × 2.5 cm in the right atrium (RA). The mass was attached to the atrial wall and close to the catheter tip. Initially, we chose systemic anticoagulation therapy, but it failed. Subsequently, we decided to adopt a combination of systemic thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy via a cubital vein. After 9 days of treatment, the thrombus disappeared, and the TIVAP was eventually removed. CONCLUSIONS Systemic thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy seemed to be safe and effective for asymptomatic patients who had TIVAP-induced CRAT. We should position the catheter tip at the junction of the Superior Vena Cava with the Right Atrium during the implantation procedure in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshou Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shi
- Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yuntao Li
- Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garcia-Nicoletti M, Sinha MD, Savis A, Adalat S, Karunanithy N, Calder F. Silent and dangerous: catheter-associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT) in children on chronic haemodialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:1245-1254. [PMID: 33125532 PMCID: PMC8009777 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT) is a recognised complication of central venous catheter (CVC) use for haemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS This was a single-centre retrospective longitudinal observational study of consecutive children aged 6 months-18 years over a 7-year period receiving in-centre chronic HD. Echocardiograms as per routine cardiac surveillance were performed 6 months or earlier given clinical concerns. RESULTS Sixty-five children, 36 boys (55.4%), median (IQR) age 11.8 (5.3, 14.7) years, received HD for kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT). Initial modality was HD in 45 (69.2%), with CVC as initial access in 42 (93.3%) and AVF in 3 (6.7%); in the remaining 20 (30.8%) patients PD was the initial modality before switching to HD. Seven of 65 (10.8%) developed CRAT at median 2 (0.8, 8.4) months from CVC insertion, with one CRAT detected 3 days following insertion. One child had 2 episodes of CRAT and one additionally thrombosed their AVF. No patient had an underlying primary kidney disease associated with a pro-thrombotic state. Those with CRAT were younger, had more frequent CVC change and received dialysis for longer duration compared to those with no CRAT. Six episodes of CRAT (75%) received anticoagulation therapy. Infective complications were observed in 25% and catheter malfunction in 50%. Five CRAT episodes (62.5%) resulted in CVC loss. One patient died after a haemorrhagic complication of anticoagulation and sepsis, and another developed life-threatening superior vena cava obstruction syndrome. Overall mortality 14% (1/7). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of CRAT in a paediatric HD population. There was ~ 11% incidence of CRAT in patients receiving chronic HD detected by surveillance echocardiography. Although frequently asymptomatic, CRAT is associated with serious sequelae. Anticoagulation and surveillance with expert echocardiography remain mainstays of management. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manish D. Sinha
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, SE1 7EH UK ,Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Savis
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Shazia Adalat
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, SE1 7EH UK
| | - Narayan Karunanithy
- Department of Intervention Radiology, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, UK ,School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Francis Calder
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK. .,Department of Paediatric Transplantation, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Catheter related atrial thrombosis in an infant: A case report and review of the literature. THROMBOSIS UPDATE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2020.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
24
|
Singh A, Shrestha BK, Mehta Y, Trehan N. Permanent dialysis catheter-related right atrial mass: A case report. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2020; 36:280-282. [PMID: 33013056 PMCID: PMC7480300 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_130_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmer Singh
- Division of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Battu K Shrestha
- Division of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Yatin Mehta
- Division of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Naresh Trehan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nair RM, Maroo A. The concoction of cancer, catheter, and intracardiac clot: a case report describing a potential treatment strategy. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2020; 4:1-6. [PMID: 33204995 PMCID: PMC7649519 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with cancer often pose a unique challenge to anticoagulation, as they have a higher risk of bleeding and clotting than the general population. Patients with cancer and catheter-related intracardiac thrombus are a very specific subset of people who do not have specific recommendations guiding their treatment. This article aims to address the existing knowledge gaps in this scenario and provide a possible treatment approach for these patients. Case summary We describe the case of a 46-year-old lady with invasive breast cancer, who was on chemotherapy through a central venous catheter and was found to have a right atrial thrombus on routine echocardiography. Due to the paucity of data in this scenario and because the patient requested an oral anticoagulant which did not need frequent monitoring, we started her on apixaban for a total of 3 months. Echocardiogram was repeated at 4 and 8 weeks. In the 8-week echocardiogram, the right atrial thrombus was no longer visualized. Discussion Malignancy and central venous catheters significantly increase the risk of thrombosis. Although low molecular weight heparin is the preferred anticoagulant to manage thrombosis in patients with cancer, direct oral anticoagulants have been proven to be non-inferior. In patients with catheter-related intracardiac thrombus, anticoagulation should be continued for at least 3 months or until the catheter is removed, whichever is longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raunak Mohan Nair
- Department of Internal medicine, Cleveland Clinic Fairview Hospital, 18101 Lorain Ave, Cleveland, OH 44111, USA
| | - Anjli Maroo
- Section of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Fairview Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kyrouac D, Lenihan DJ, Kates AM, Kachroo P, Fortuna GR, Roth B, Mitchell JD. A Unique Case of Orthostasis in a Patient with Testicular Choriocarcinoma. JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY 2020; 1:326-330. [PMID: 32789302 PMCID: PMC7416837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kyrouac
- General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Daniel J Lenihan
- Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrew M Kates
- Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Puja Kachroo
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gerald R Fortuna
- Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bruce Roth
- Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Joshua D Mitchell
- Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen T, Mordehai E, Sodha N, Kolodziejczak M, Savio C, Maslow A. Anesthetic Considerations for Percutaneous and Open Right Atrial Thrombectomy in a Hemoglobin SC Patient. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1161-1166. [PMID: 32807600 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzonghuei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
| | - Eveline Mordehai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Neel Sodha
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Christopher Savio
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Andrew Maslow
- Department of Anesthesiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Surgical Management of Right Atrial Mass Associated with a Vascular Access Catheter. Case Rep Cardiol 2020; 2020:4590147. [PMID: 32577314 PMCID: PMC7305527 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4590147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial masses are an uncommon but serious clinical problem. The authors report a case of an atrial mass associated with a tunnelled vascular access catheter in an immunosuppressed haemodialysis patient. In the setting of immunosuppression with fevers, a broad differential for the atrial mass was considered. Multidisciplinary team review was pursued to guide management decisions. Ultimately, surgical excision of the mass was pursued with an excellent result. The causes and management of this complex clinical scenario are discussed.
Collapse
|
29
|
Rossi L, Covella B, Libutti P, Teutonico A, Casucci F, Lomonte C. How to manage catheter-related right atrial thrombosis: Our conservative approach. J Vasc Access 2020; 22:480-484. [PMID: 32410490 DOI: 10.1177/1129729820922703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is an underestimated, severe, and life-threatening complication of any type of central venous catheters. No clear-cut epidemiological data are available. Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is often asymptomatic; however, it can lead to serious complications and death. CASE SERIES We report seven catheter-related right atrial thrombosis events occurred in five hemodialysis patients; two recurrences following primary treatment are included in the report, all of them managed with a conservative approach without catheter removal. Systemic anticoagulation (vitamin K antagonists), having a well-defined target of International Normalized Ratio of 2.5-3.0, combined with urokinase as a locking solution at the end of each hemodialysis session were the therapeutic strategy used in all patients. After the first month, the anticoagulation target was reduced to an International Normalized Ratio value of 1.5-2.0 and urokinase to a weekly administration. After sixth months, when no thrombus was identified at transthoracic echocardiographic examinations, the treatment was stopped. No bleeding complications were reported. CONCLUSION The combination therapy here described is safe, quick, and effective, achieving the goal of not removing catheters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rossi
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Bianca Covella
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Libutti
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Teutonico
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Francesco Casucci
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Carlo Lomonte
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Miller VM, Pereira SJ. Surgical management of catheter-related right atrial thrombus with superior vena cava syndrome A Case Report. J Card Surg 2020; 35:1673-1675. [PMID: 32365429 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There are no consensus guidelines on the management of catheter-related right atrial thrombus. We present the case of a 29-year-old female with end-stage renal disease who was found to have a large right atrial thrombus associated with her tunneled dialysis catheter during preoperative workup for renal transplant. She exhibited signs and symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome and NYHA class III congestive heart failure. She was successfully treated with surgical thrombectomy and demonstrated rapid resolution of her symptoms postoperatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Miller
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sara J Pereira
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Plodkowski AJ, Chan A, Gupta D, Lakhman Y, Kukar N, Kim J, Perez-Johnston R, Ginsberg MS, Steingart RM, Weinsaft JW. Diagnostic utility and clinical implication of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance for detection of catheter associated right atrial thrombus. Clin Imaging 2020; 62:17-22. [PMID: 32036237 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) as a reference standard to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of right atrial (RA) thrombus. METHODS In this retrospective study, 130 cancer patients with central venous catheters undergoing CMR from August 2012-January 2018 were included. CMR (cine-CMR and DE-CMR) and echocardiography were interpreted for RA thrombus blinded to other imaging results and clinical data. RA thrombus properties including the number of discrete masses, size, total thrombus area, and perimeter were also assessed. Cine-CMR was also used to quantify cardiac structure and function as markers of RA thrombus. Student's t-test was used to assess continuous variables; chi-square or Fisher's exact test were used to assess categorical variables. RESULTS 31/130 (24%) patients had RA thrombus on DE-CMR. Echocardiography (attained in 64% of the study population) demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity (75%, 90% respectively) in relation to DE-CMR; cine-CMR performance was higher (sensitivity 90%, specificity 98%). Patients with and without RA thrombus had similar right-sided structure/function and cancer diagnosis. Catheter depth approached significance in patients with RA thrombus (p = 0.05). 13% of patients with RA thrombus had concomitant pulmonary embolism within 60 days of CMR vs. 2% of patients without RA thrombus (p = 0.03). Embolic events were independent of RA thrombus size (p = 0.66). CONCLUSION Morphologic imaging by cine-CMR and echocardiography provide limited diagnostic utility for RA thrombus as established by DE-CMR tissue characterization. Catheter-associated RA thrombus occurs independently of right-sided structure or function and is associated with clinical embolic events and catheter depth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Angel Chan
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dipti Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nina Kukar
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rocio Perez-Johnston
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michelle S Ginsberg
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard M Steingart
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jonathan W Weinsaft
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yew MS, Leong AMWM. Contemporary management and outcomes of infective tunnelled haemodialysis catheter-related right atrial thrombi: a case series and literature review. Singapore Med J 2019; 61:331-337. [PMID: 31598734 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2019124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infective haemodialysis catheter-related right atrial thrombus (CRAT) is a complication of tunnelled catheter use. Management recommendations are based mainly on published case series prior to 2011. We report our institution's recent experience in managing infective haemodialysis CRAT and correlate treatment with outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of haemodialysis CRAT cases diagnosed on transthoracic echocardiography between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2017. Clinical outcomes, including mortality at 180 days post diagnosis and thrombus resolution, were traced from electronic medical records. RESULTS There were 14 cases identified. The median age was 59 (range 47-88) years and 11 (78.6%) were male. Sepsis was the most common reason for hospitalisation (71.4%). Blood cultures identified Staphylococcus aureus in seven cases, of which two were methicillin-resistant. Three had coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All cases received antibiotics with infectious disease physician input. Seven were treated with catheter removal alone, of which three died within 180 days. Both cases treated with catheter removal plus anticoagulation survived at 180 days. Of the two cases who had anticoagulation without catheter removal, one died within 180 days and the other did not have thrombus resolution. Three underwent surgical thrombus removal, of which two died postoperatively and the last required repeated operations and prolonged hospitalisation. Mortality at 180 days post diagnosis was 42.9%. CONCLUSION Catheter removal and anticoagulation are modestly effective. Surgery is associated with poor outcomes. Despite contemporary management, infective haemodialysis CRAT still results in high mortality. Prospective studies are needed to identify the optimal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sen Yew
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kakareko K, Rydzewska-Rosolowska A, Czajkowska K, Lukasiewicz A, Hryszko T. How to get rid of the bug in the heart-An infected catheter-associated thrombus treated successfully with antibiotics only. Hemodial Int 2019; 23:E125-E126. [PMID: 31568633 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a 53-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease, on hemodialysis for 4 years, who was diagnosed with an infected catheter-associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT). CRAT is an underreported and potentially life-threating complication of a central venous catheter and usually warrants a surgical approach. The patient was, however, disqualified by cardiac surgeons due to her overall poor condition. We used a combination of anticoagulation and antibiotics in the reported case as "rescue therapy" and showed that the successful resolution of CRAT complicated by infection might sometimes be feasible with pharmacological treatment only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kakareko
- II Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Alicja Rydzewska-Rosolowska
- II Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czajkowska
- II Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Lukasiewicz
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hryszko
- II Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is an under-recognized complication of central venous catheter placement. We performed a retrospective review, characterizing clinical aspects of catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT). METHODS To identify cases, a literature search was conducted in PubMed and additional items selected by review of related items and bibliography review. Key clinical data were extracted and analyzed both in total and as stratified by hemodialysis versus non-hemodialysis groups. RESULTS A total of 68 catheter-related right atrial thrombosis events were reported in 63 patients (five recurrences, of which 4 involved catheter left in place following primary treatment). Median (interquartile range) time to CRAT diagnosis was longer among hemodialysis patients - 12 (4.0-24.0) weeks compared to 5.5 (1.8-16.1) weeks among non-hemodialysis patients. The most common presentations were asymptomatic in 16/68 (23.5%), fever/sepsis in 21/68 (30.9%), pulmonary embolism in 11/68 (16.2%), catheter dysfunction in 8/68 (11.8%), dyspnea in 8/68 (11.8%), and new murmur or valvular dysfunction in 8/68 (11.8%) patients. Primary treatment selection was anticoagulation in 33/68 (48.5%), surgical thrombectomy in 17/68 (25.0%), thrombolysis in 12/68 (17.6%), or no active therapy in 6/68 (8.8%) patients. Primary treatment failure for anticoagulation and thrombolysis was 27.3% and 33.3%, respectively. The most common rescue therapy was surgical thrombectomy, ultimately resulting in an overall rate of 26/62 (41.9%). Overall, per-patient mortality was 13/63 (20.6%). Intracardiac tip position - 27/34 (79.4%) - overshadowed thrombophilia - 16/63 (25.4%) - as a risk factor for CRAT. CONCLUSION Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is an underdiagnosed complication of central venous catheter placement. For the hemodialysis population, a fistula-first approach is advocated. While many instances were asymptomatic, the development of unexplained fever, dyspnea, catheter dysfunction, or new murmur should trigger a search for this complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Ha Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Wilcox
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phu N Tran
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Genesis Cancer Center, Zanesville, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cuminetti G, Lutea ML, De Keyzer EL, Morissens M. Right atrial pedunculated mass: myxoma or thrombus? J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2019; 20:105-106. [PMID: 30540650 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cuminetti
- Department of Cardiology, Brugmann University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rhea IB, Lyon AR, Fradley MG. Anticoagulation of Cardiovascular Conditions in the Cancer Patient: Review of Old and New Therapies. Curr Oncol Rep 2019; 21:45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11912-019-0797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
37
|
Detection of BRAF V600E mutation in fine-needle aspiration fluid of papillary thyroid carcinoma by droplet digital PCR. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 491:91-96. [PMID: 30682328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 85% of thyroid carcinoma, which is the most common endocrine tumor. For the diagnosis of PTC, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) with pathological evaluation is the standard test and BRAF V600E mutation is the most common molecular marker associated with the occurrence, progression and poor clinicopathological characteristics of PTC. However, because of the small amount of the tumor cells obtained by FNA for pathological evaluation or BRAF V600E mutation detection, more sensitive and accurate methods are required. Our study aimed to investigate the performance of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in detecting BRAF V600E mutation in FNA samples from PTC patients. METHODS One hundred and sixty suspected thyroid cancer patients were enrolled, including 146 PTC patients, 2 follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and 12 benign patients, identified by FNA biopsy according to the NCCN clinical practice guidelines of Thyroid Carcinoma. ddPCR and amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS, AmoyDx) were used to detect BRAFV600E mutation and the results were compared. RESULTS ddPCR had high reproducibility (CV0.1% = 22.82% and CV10% = 4.85%) and the detection sensitivity can reach 1–2 copies/μl (0.01%). Among the 160 patients, 128 BRAF V600E mutations were detected, including 4 ARMS negative patients and 3 benign cases [corrected]. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that ddPCR could be used in detecting BRAF V600E mutation from FNA fluid samples with higher sensitivity and accuracy than ARMS.
Collapse
|
38
|
Yang H, Cui T. Reply. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69:312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
Jeung S, Kang SM, Seo Y, Yu H, Baek CH, Kim H, Yang WS, Park SK. A Case Series of Asymptomatic Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Right Atrial Thrombi That Are Incidentally Detected Prior to Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3172-3180. [PMID: 30503665 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A hemodialysis (HD) catheter-related right atrial thrombus (RAT) is rarely encountered prior to kidney transplantation (KT) but necessitates a decision about whether to anticoagulate and/or delay the surgery. There is controversy surrounding the clinical implications of a RAT in this situation. It is sometimes considered fatal but other opinions consider it to be benign, especially when incidentally detected. We reviewed the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of a patient series with HD catheter-related RAT detected prior to KT and speculated on its clinical significance. Among 3677 cases of KT performed on 3607 patients between January 1997 and September 2015 in our single tertiary center, 11 cases of HD catheter-related RAT detected on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) prior to KT were included for analysis. The average maximal diameter of the RAT was 23.2 ± 16.3 (SD in mm) and 9 (81.8%) of these 11 patients had no symptoms associated with the RAT. Four patients (36.3%) had their catheters replaced, 5 patients (45.5%) had their catheters removed, and the catheters were maintained in the remaining 2 patients (18.2%). Six patients (54.5%) were anticoagulated with either heparin or warfarin. However all 11 patients had a successful KT suggesting that a HD catheter-related RAT incidentally detected prior to this surgery may not be as serious as previously considered and should not be a reason for delaying the transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Jeung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-M Kang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Seo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Baek
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-K Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Management of tunneled-cuffed catheter-related right atrial thrombosis in hemodialysis patients. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:1491-1498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
41
|
Gunawansa N, Sudusinghe DH, Wijayaratne DR. Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Central Venous Thrombosis: Clinical Approach to Evaluation and Management. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 51:298-305. [PMID: 29772317 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Central venous catheter (CVC) use is common among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Catheter-related vascular thrombosis is a frequent complication, which results in catheter dysfunction. This may eliminate the affected vein as a potential route of vascular access and leads to significant morbidity of the limbs involved. Despite increasing prevalence, there is a dearth of evidence-based guidelines for managing such catheter-related thrombi, often leading to treatment dilemmas in clinical practice. Minimizing the use of CVCs for hemodialysis remains the best approach in preventing such adverse complications. Furthermore, meticulous planning and care when using such catheters in unavoidable circumstances along with vigilant surveillance to identify complications early will allow to avoid associated morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nalaka Gunawansa
- National Institute of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Dinesha Himali Sudusinghe
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka; University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rossi L, Libutti P, Casucci F, Lisi P, Teutonico A, Basile C, Lomonte C. Is the removal of a central venous catheter always necessary in the context of catheter-related right atrial thrombosis? J Vasc Access 2018; 20:98-101. [DOI: 10.1177/1129729818774438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is a severe and life-threatening complication of central venous catheters in both adult and young patients. Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis can occur with any type of central venous catheters, utilized either for hemodialysis or infusion. Up to 30% of patients with central venous catheter are estimated to be affected by catheter-related right atrial thrombosis; however, neither precise epidemiological data nor guidelines regarding medical or surgical treatment are available. This complication seems to be closely associated with positioning of the catheter tip in the atrium, whereas it is unlikely with a tip located within superior vena cava. Herein, we report the case of a patient affected by catheter-related right atrial thrombosis, who showed a quick resolution of thrombosis with a new therapeutic scheme combining loco-regional thrombolytic therapy (urokinase as a locking solution) and systemic anticoagulation therapy (vitamin K antagonists), thus avoiding catheter removal. Neither complications of the combination therapy were reported, nor recurrence of catheter-related right atrial thrombosis occurred. In conclusion, the combination therapy here described was safe, quick and effective, achieving the goal of not removing the catheter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rossi
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Libutti
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Francesco Casucci
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Piero Lisi
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Teutonico
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Carlo Basile
- Clinical Research Branch, Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Carlo Lomonte
- Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ribeiro AF, Neto IS, Maia I, Dias C. Open heart surgery for management of right auricular thrombus related to central venous catheterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 65:398-402. [PMID: 29680334 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Central venous catheters are widely used in critically ill patients; however, they are also associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The literature may underestimate the incidence of catheter-inducible right atrial thrombi that are asymptomatic but potentially life threatening. The recognized risk factors for its development include infections related to the catheter, endothelial injury secondary to mechanical and chemical damage induced by certain medications and infused fluids. The characteristics of the patient and the catheter, such as size, material, type, location and ease of insertion, as well as the duration of placement play an additional role. We report the case of a 38-year-old man, who developed an asymptomatic catheter-inducible right atrial thrombi requiring open heart surgery, after taking a central venous catheter for thirty-five days. The present case highlights existing limitations in making a correct and fast diagnosis, which should be anticipated in patients with multiple risk factors for thrombosis. Given the limited recommendations available, we consider that the most appropriate strategy should be individualized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A F Ribeiro
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - I S Neto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - I Maia
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Intensive Care Department, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Dias
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Intensive Care Department, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rare Polymicrobial Endocarditis Presenting as Supraventricular Tachycardia. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
45
|
Ansari Aval Z, Baghaei R, Khaheshi I, Alavi-Moghaddam A. The Dilemma in Treatment of hemodialysis patients with catheter-induced right atrial thrombi (CRAT): A case report. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MÉDECINE INTERNE 2017; 55:249-252. [PMID: 28525346 DOI: 10.1515/rjim-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Catheter-induced right atrial thrombi (CRAT) is a serious complication of central venous catheterization. Herein we report a case of large hypermobile right atrial thrombi in a 57-year-old man with hemodialysis catheter in the right internal jugular vein.
Collapse
|
46
|
Hemodialysis tunneled-cuffed catheter-related atrial thrombus complicated with asymptomatic pulmonary emboli. J Vasc Access 2017; 19:197-198. [PMID: 29147998 DOI: 10.5301/jva.5000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
47
|
Zhao C, Sathya B, Nadal Rios R, Arai AE, Brofferio A, Thein SL, Ruhl AP. Catheter-related right atrial thrombus in sickle cell disease. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:1898-1900. [PMID: 29152296 PMCID: PMC5676286 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Catheter‐related right atrial thrombus (CRAT) can occur in patients with sickle cell disease, particularly if additional risk factors for thrombosis are present. Cardiac MRI may differentiate thrombi from other types of atrial masses. Treatment should include anticoagulation and the timing of catheter removal should balance the potential risk of embolization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Hematology Oncology Fellowship Program National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Bharath Sathya
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland
| | - Rosa Nadal Rios
- Hematology Oncology Fellowship Program National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Andrew E Arai
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland
| | - Alessandra Brofferio
- Cardiovascular Branch National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland
| | - Swee Lay Thein
- Sickle Cell Branch National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland
| | - A Parker Ruhl
- Sickle Cell Branch National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Miller LM, MacRae JM, Kiaii M, Clark E, Dipchand C, Kappel J, Lok C, Luscombe R, Moist L, Oliver M, Pike P, Hiremath S. Hemodialysis Tunneled Catheter Noninfectious Complications. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2017. [PMID: 28270922 DOI: 10.1177/2054358116669130.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninfectious hemodialysis catheter complications include catheter dysfunction, catheter-related thrombus, and central vein stenosis. The definitions, causes, and treatment strategies for catheter dysfunction are reviewed below. Catheter-related thrombus is a less common but serious complication of catheters, requiring catheter removal and systemic anticoagulation. In addition, the risk factors, clinical manifestation, and treatment options for central vein stenosis are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Miller
- Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jennifer M MacRae
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mercedeh Kiaii
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Edward Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Joanne Kappel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Charmaine Lok
- Faculty of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rick Luscombe
- Department of Nursing, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Louise Moist
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Matthew Oliver
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela Pike
- Department of Medicine, Memorial University, Saint John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zayed MA, De Silva GS, Ramaswamy RS, Sanchez LA. Management of Cavoatrial Deep Venous Thrombosis: Incorporating New Strategies. Semin Intervent Radiol 2017; 34:25-34. [PMID: 28265127 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cavoatrial deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is diagnosed with increasing prevalence. It can be managed medically with anticoagulation or with directed interventions aimed to efficiently reduce the thrombus burden within the target venous segment. The type of management chosen depends greatly on the etiology and chronicity of the thrombosis, existing patient comorbidities, and the patient's tolerance to anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents. In addition to traditional percutaneous catheter-based pharmacomechanical thrombolysis, other catheter-based suction thrombectomy techniques have emerged in recent years. Each therapeutic modality requires operator expertise and a coordinated care paradigm to facilitate successful outcomes. Open surgical thrombectomy is alternatively reserved for specific patient conditions, including intolerance of anticoagulation, failed catheter-based interventions, or acute emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Zayed
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gayan S De Silva
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Raja S Ramaswamy
- Interventional Radiology Section, Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Luis A Sanchez
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bezinover D, Sugino S, Imamura-Kawasawa Y, Bell MS, Kadry Z, Janicki PK. Massive Fulminant Thrombosis During Liver Transplantation in a Patient With a Previously Unknown Antithrombin Pathway Mutation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 7:239-242. [PMID: 27749296 DOI: 10.1213/xaa.0000000000000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe a case of fulminant intraoperative thrombosis during deceased donor liver transplantation. Despite significant medical bleeding, the patient suddenly developed diffuse thrombosis in all chambers of the heart and pulmonary vasculature resulting in intraoperative death. The patient's postmortem genetic analysis demonstrated a deleterious missense mutation in a coagulation pathway gene, SERPINC1, which codes for antithrombin III. The level of antithrombin III was not available to directly prove the causality of thrombosis, but our findings suggest that this mutation, in combination with antifibrinolytic administration in a hypercoagulable cirrhotic patient, might have contributed to the development of this catastrophic thrombotic event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Bezinover
- From the *Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine/Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania; †Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; ‡Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine/Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and §Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine/Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|