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Garnier L, Vidal C, Chinot O, Cohen-Jonathan Moyal E, Djelad A, Bronnimann C, Bekaert L, Taillandier L, Frenel JS, Langlois O, Colin P, Menei P, Dhermain F, Carpentier C, Gerazime A, Curtit E, Figarella-Branger D, Dehais C, Ducray F. Characteristics of Anaplastic Oligodendrogliomas Short-Term Survivors: A POLA Network Study. Oncologist 2022; 27:414-423. [PMID: 35522558 PMCID: PMC9074983 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted (AO) occasionally have a poor outcome. Herein we aimed at analyzing their characteristics. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of 44 AO patients with a cancer-specific survival <5 years (short-term survivors, STS) and compared them with those of 146 AO patients with a survival ≥5 years (classical survivors, CS) included in the POLA network. Results Compared to CS, STS were older (P = .0001), less frequently presented with isolated seizures (P < .0001), more frequently presented with cognitive dysfunction (P < .0001), had larger tumors (P = .= .003), a higher proliferative index (P = .= .0003), and a higher number of chromosomal arm abnormalities (P = .= .02). Regarding treatment, STS less frequently underwent a surgical resection than CS (P = .= .0001) and were more frequently treated with chemotherapy alone (P = .= .009) or with radiotherapy plus temozolomide (P = .= .05). Characteristics independently associated with STS in multivariate analysis were cognitive dysfunction, a number of mitosis > 8, and the absence of tumor resection. Based on cognitive dysfunction, type of surgery, and number of mitosis, patients could be classified into groups of standard (18%) and high (62%) risk of <5 year survival. Conclusion The present study suggests that although STS poor outcome appears to largely result from a more advanced disease at diagnosis, surgical resection may be particularly important in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Garnier
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, East Group Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chrystelle Vidal
- Department of Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-1431), Inserm, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Chinot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, AP-HM, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Cohen-Jonathan Moyal
- Department of Radiotherapy, Claudius Regaud Institut, Cancer University Institut of Toulouse, Oncopole 1, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Apolline Djelad
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Charlotte Bronnimann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lien Bekaert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Luc Taillandier
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Frenel
- Department of Medical Oncology, West Cancerology Institut René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Olivier Langlois
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Colin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Courlancy Institut of Cancer, Reims, France
| | - Philippe Menei
- Department of Neurosurgery and Cancerology research center, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Dhermain
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy University Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Carpentier
- Department of Neurology 2-Mazarin, APHP, University Hospital Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Gerazime
- Department of Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-1431), Inserm, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Elsa Curtit
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Dehais
- Department of Neurology 2-Mazarin, APHP, University Hospital Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - François Ducray
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, East Group Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Cancer Initiation and Tumoral Cell Identity Department, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL) INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
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Mansouri V, Beheshtizadeh N, Gharibshahian M, Sabouri L, Varzandeh M, Rezaei N. Recent advances in regenerative medicine strategies for cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111875. [PMID: 34229250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as one of the most leading causes of death worldwide, while one of the most significant challenges in treating it is revealing novel alternatives to predict, diagnose, and eradicate tumor cell growth. Although various methods, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, are used today to treat cancer, its mortality rate is still high due to the numerous shortcomings of each approach. Regenerative medicine field, including tissue engineering, cell therapy, gene therapy, participate in cancer treatment and development of cancer models to improve the understanding of cancer biology. The final intention is to convey fundamental and laboratory research to effective clinical treatments, from the bench to the bedside. Proper interpretation of research attempts helps to lessen the burden of treatment and illness for patients. The purpose of this review is to investigate the role of regenerative medicine in accelerating and improving cancer treatment. This study examines the capabilities of regenerative medicine in providing novel cancer treatments and the effectiveness of these treatments to clarify this path as much as possible and promote advanced future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mansouri
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Beheshtizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Gharibshahian
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Sabouri
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Varzandeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Miller JJ, Loebel F, Juratli TA, Tummala SS, Williams EA, Batchelor TT, Arrillaga-Romany I, Cahill DP. Accelerated progression of IDH mutant glioma after first recurrence. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:669-677. [PMID: 30668823 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are a distinct subtype, reflected in the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 revised diagnostic criteria. To inform IDH-targeting trial design, we sought to characterize outcomes exclusively within IDH mutant gliomas. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 275 IDH mutant glioma patients treated at our institution. Progression was determined using low-grade glioma criteria from Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology. We calculated survival statistics with the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival proportions were correlated with molecular, histologic, and clinical factors. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 44 deaths (7.6%) and 149 first progression (PFS1) events (54.1%) were observed. Median PFS1 was 5.7 years (95% CI: 4.7-6.4) and OS was 18.7 years (95% CI: 12.2 y-not reached). Consistent with prior studies, we observed an association of grade, molecular diagnosis, and treatment with PFS1. Following the first progressive episode, 79 second progression events occurred during a median follow-up period of 4.1 years. Median PFS following an initial progressive event (PFS2) was accelerated at 3.1 years (95% CI: 2.1-4.1). PFS2 was a surrogate prognostic marker, identifying patients with poorer overall survival. CONCLUSION We report outcomes in a large cohort of IDH mutant glioma, providing a well-characterized historical control population for future clinical trial design. Notably, the interval between first and second recurrence (PFS2, 3.0 y) is shorter than time from diagnosis to first recurrence (PFS1, 5.7 y), evidence that these tumors clinically degenerate from an indolent course to an accelerated malignant phase. Thus, PFS2 represents a relevant outcome for trials investigating drug efficacy at recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie J Miller
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Franziska Loebel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tareq A Juratli
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shilpa S Tummala
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erik A Williams
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Isabel Arrillaga-Romany
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kimura Y, Sumiyoshi M, Inoue K, Shiozaki M, Fukuda K, Fujiwara Y, Tabuchi H, Hayashi H, Sekita G, Tokano T, Nakazato Y, Daida H. Stability of intrinsic rhythm in pacemaker-dependent patients during pacemaker replacement: Can we predict the need for temporary pacing? J Arrhythm 2018; 34:450-454. [PMID: 30167017 PMCID: PMC6111470 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In pacemaker-dependent patients, the risk of asystole must be managed during device replacement. This study aimed to examine whether we could predict the indication for temporary pacing (TP) during the generator replacement. METHODS We studied 105 consecutive patients who underwent pacemaker replacement due to battery depletion at Juntendo Nerima Hospital between September 2005 and December 2016. We examined the relationship between the stability of the intrinsic rhythm (IR) during pacemaker replacement and several clinical factors including age, gender, sick sinus syndrome or atrioventricular (AV) block, duration of pacing, structural heart disease, use of anti-arrhythmic drugs, and the presence/absence of a stable IR (>40 bpm) at the outpatient clinic (OPC) just before pacemaker replacement. RESULTS Of the 105 patients, we excluded 1 patient who required TP because of bradycardia-dependent torsades de points. Therefore, we evaluated 104 patients for the indication for TP. TP was underwent in 19 patients (18%) because of an absence or instability of the IR during pacemaker replacement. The indication for TP was significantly correlated with AV block (84% vs 48%, P = .0044) and the absence of a stable IR at the last OPC visit (89% vs 24%, P < .0001). For predicting the indication for TP, the following values of no stable IR at the last OPC visit were obtained: 89% sensitivity, 77% specificity, 46% positive predictive value, and 97% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a stable IR at the last OPC visit was a good predictor (97%) of no indication for TP during pacemaker replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kimura
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Nerima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | | | - Kenji Inoue
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Nerima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Masayuki Shiozaki
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Nerima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kentaro Fukuda
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Nerima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yasumasa Fujiwara
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Nerima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Haruna Tabuchi
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hidemori Hayashi
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Gaku Sekita
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Tokano
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuJapan
| | - Yuji Nakazato
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of CardiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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5
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Yang F, Yang P, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang W, Hu H, Wang Z, Qiu X, Jiang T. Stratification according to recursive partitioning analysis predicts outcome in newly diagnosed glioblastomas. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42974-42982. [PMID: 28496000 PMCID: PMC5522120 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma accounts for more than half of diffuse gliomas. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor despite comprehensive and intensive treatments. Furthermore, the clinical significance of molecular parameters and routinely available clinical variables for the prognosis prediction of glioblastomas remains limited. The authors describe a novel model may help in prognosis prediction and clinical management of glioblastoma patients. We performed a recursive partitioning analysis to generate three independent prognostic classes of 103 glioblastomas patients from TCGA dataset. Class I (MGMT promoter methylated, age <58), class II (MGMT promoter methylation, age ≥58; MGMT promoter unmethylation, age <54, KPS ≥70; MGMT promoter unmethylation, age >59, KPS ≥70), class III (MGMT promoter unmethylation, age 54-58, KPS ≥70; MGMT promoter unmethylation, KPS <70). Age, KPS and MGMT promoter methylation were the most significant prognostic factors for overall survival. The results were validated in CGGA dataset. This was the first study to combine various molecular parameters and clinical factors into recursive partitioning analysis to predict the prognosis of patients with glioblastomas. We included MGMT promoter methylation in our study, which could give better suggestion to patients for their chemotherapy. This clinical study will serve as the backbone for the future incorporation of molecular prognostic markers currently in development. Thus, our recursive partitioning analysis model for glioblastomas may aid in clinical prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiu
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Levin
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Kaiser Permanente, Redwood City, CA, USA
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7
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Molinaro AM, Wrensch MR, Jenkins RB, Eckel-Passow JE. Statistical considerations on prognostic models for glioma. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:609-23. [PMID: 26657835 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the lack of beneficial treatments in glioma, there is a need for prognostic models for therapeutic decision making and life planning. Recently several studies defining subtypes of glioma have been published. Here, we review the statistical considerations of how to build and validate prognostic models, explain the models presented in the current glioma literature, and discuss advantages and disadvantages of each model. The 3 statistical considerations to establishing clinically useful prognostic models are: study design, model building, and validation. Careful study design helps to ensure that the model is unbiased and generalizable to the population of interest. During model building, a discovery cohort of patients can be used to choose variables, construct models, and estimate prediction performance via internal validation. Via external validation, an independent dataset can assess how well the model performs. It is imperative that published models properly detail the study design and methods for both model building and validation. This provides readers the information necessary to assess the bias in a study, compare other published models, and determine the model's clinical usefulness. As editors, reviewers, and readers of the relevant literature, we should be cognizant of the needed statistical considerations and insist on their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.R.W.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J.); Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.E.E.-P.)
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.R.W.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J.); Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.E.E.-P.)
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.R.W.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J.); Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.E.E.-P.)
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (A.M.M., M.R.W.); Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.R.W.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J.); Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.E.E.-P.)
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8
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Avancées dans les tumeurs cérébrales primitives malignes de l’adulte : quels patients transférer en réanimation médicale? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-015-1073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Le Rhun E, Taillibert S, Chamberlain MC. Anaplastic glioma: current treatment and management. Expert Rev Neurother 2015; 15:601-20. [PMID: 25936680 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1042455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic glioma (AG) is divided into three morphology-based groups (anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) as well as three molecular groups (glioma-CpG island methylation phenotype [G-CIMP] negative, G-CIMP positive non-1p19q codeleted tumors and G-CIMP positive codeleted tumors). The RTOG 9402 and EORTC 26951 trials established radiotherapy plus (procarbazine, lomustine, vincristine) chemotherapy as the standard of care in 1p/19q codeleted AG. Uni- or non-codeleted AG are currently best treated with radiotherapy only or alkylator-based chemotherapy only as determined by the NOA-04 trial. Maturation of NOA-04 and results of the currently accruing studies, CODEL (for codeleted AG) and CATNON (for uni or non-codeleted AG), will likely refine current up-front treatment recommendations for AG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Le Rhun
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, Lille, France
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10
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Abstract
Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are rare primary brain tumors. However, they respond more effectively to treatment and have a better prognosis than commoner varieties. About 25 year ago, reports emerged that oligodendrogliomas can respond robustly and durably to chemotherapy with procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine (PCV). It was also discovered that co-deletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q is more commonly observed in oligodendrogliomas (rather than astrocytomas). Early results of phase III trials confirmed that 1p/19q co-deletion was a favorable prognostic marker. Mature results now conclusively demonstrate that co-deletion also predicts longer survival from the addition of PCV chemotherapy to radiotherapy for newly diagnosed disease. However, changes in the treatment landscape, including a preference for deferred radiotherapy, the emergence of temozolomide as a better tolerated chemotherapy regimen, and the discovery of other biomarkers (e.g. IDH mutation and MGMT promoter methylation) that occurred in the interim emphasize the need for earlier, validated, and acceptable trial end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Lassman
- Department of Neurology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10538, USA.
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