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Joffe D, Rohan TZ, Mandel J, Suriano J, Banner L, Valiga A, Porcu P, Gong JZ, Lee JB, Alpdogan O, Nikbakht N. The development of 2 clonally and histologically distinct subtypes of extranodal B-cell lymphomas in the brain and skin in 1 individual. JAAD Case Rep 2024; 49:51-54. [PMID: 38883181 PMCID: PMC11176604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2024.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Joffe
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Z Rohan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jenna Mandel
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jayson Suriano
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren Banner
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Valiga
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jerald Z Gong
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason B Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Onder Alpdogan
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Neda Nikbakht
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Toğaçar M, Ergen B, Cömert Z. Tumor type detection in brain MR images of the deep model developed using hypercolumn technique, attention modules, and residual blocks. Med Biol Eng Comput 2021; 59:57-70. [PMID: 33222016 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02290-x/published] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain cancer is a disease caused by the growth of abnormal aggressive cells in the brain outside of normal cells. Symptoms and diagnosis of brain cancer cases are producing more accurate results day by day in parallel with the development of technological opportunities. In this study, a deep learning model called BrainMRNet which is developed for mass detection in open-source brain magnetic resonance images was used. The BrainMRNet model includes three processing steps: attention modules, the hypercolumn technique, and residual blocks. To demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model, three types of tumor data leading to brain cancer were examined in this study: glioma, meningioma, and pituitary. In addition, a segmentation method was proposed, which additionally determines in which lobe area of the brain the two classes of tumors that cause brain cancer are more concentrated. The classification accuracy rates were performed in the study; it was 98.18% in glioma tumor, 96.73% in meningioma tumor, and 98.18% in pituitary tumor. At the end of the experiment, using the subset of glioma and meningioma tumor images, it was determined which at brain lobe the tumor region was seen, and 100% success was achieved in the analysis of this determination. In this study, a hybrid deep learning model is presented to determine the detection of the brain tumor. In addition, open-source software was proposed, which statistically found in which lobe region of the human brain the brain tumor occurred. The methods applied and tested in the experiments have shown promising results with a high level of accuracy, precision, and specificity. These results demonstrate the availability of the proposed approach in clinical settings to support the medical decision regarding brain tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Toğaçar
- Department of Computer Technology, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Burhan Ergen
- Department of Computer Technology, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Zafer Cömert
- Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey
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Tumor type detection in brain MR images of the deep model developed using hypercolumn technique, attention modules, and residual blocks. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 59:57-70. [PMID: 33222016 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain cancer is a disease caused by the growth of abnormal aggressive cells in the brain outside of normal cells. Symptoms and diagnosis of brain cancer cases are producing more accurate results day by day in parallel with the development of technological opportunities. In this study, a deep learning model called BrainMRNet which is developed for mass detection in open-source brain magnetic resonance images was used. The BrainMRNet model includes three processing steps: attention modules, the hypercolumn technique, and residual blocks. To demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model, three types of tumor data leading to brain cancer were examined in this study: glioma, meningioma, and pituitary. In addition, a segmentation method was proposed, which additionally determines in which lobe area of the brain the two classes of tumors that cause brain cancer are more concentrated. The classification accuracy rates were performed in the study; it was 98.18% in glioma tumor, 96.73% in meningioma tumor, and 98.18% in pituitary tumor. At the end of the experiment, using the subset of glioma and meningioma tumor images, it was determined which at brain lobe the tumor region was seen, and 100% success was achieved in the analysis of this determination. In this study, a hybrid deep learning model is presented to determine the detection of the brain tumor. In addition, open-source software was proposed, which statistically found in which lobe region of the human brain the brain tumor occurred. The methods applied and tested in the experiments have shown promising results with a high level of accuracy, precision, and specificity. These results demonstrate the availability of the proposed approach in clinical settings to support the medical decision regarding brain tumor detection.
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Grommes C, Rubenstein JL, DeAngelis LM, Ferreri AJM, Batchelor TT. Comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment of newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:296-305. [PMID: 30418592 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the brain parenchyma, spinal cord, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without evidence of systemic, non-CNS involvement. PCNSL is uncommon and only a few randomized trials have been completed in the first-line setting. Over the past decades, the prognosis of PCNSL has improved, mainly due to the introduction and widespread use of high-dose methotrexate, which is now the backbone of all first-line treatment polychemotherapy regimens. Despite this progress, durable remission is recorded in only 50% of patients, and therapy can be associated with significant late neurotoxicity. Here, we overview the epidemiology, clinical presentation, staging evaluation, prognosis, and current up-to-date treatment of immunocompetent PCNSL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grommes
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James L Rubenstein
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lisa M DeAngelis
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andres J M Ferreri
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Departments of Neurology and Radiation Oncology, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts
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Deng X, Xu X, Lin D, Zhang X, Yu L, Sheng H, Yin B, Zhang N, Lin J. Real-World Impact of Surgical Excision on Overall Survival in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:131. [PMID: 32176222 PMCID: PMC7054438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial controversy still exists regarding the use of surgical excision in the treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). This study was aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of surgical excision in PCNSL patients based on a US population. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database, a total of 3,543 PCNSL patients were identified from 2000 to 2014 for analysis. Surgical excision was accessed via Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox regression survival analyses. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) analysis was additionally employed to intensify our findings. Finally, we found that surgical excision was significantly associated with increased survival over no surgery/biopsy (P < 0.001), and its survival benefit was also independent of baseline prognostic factors. The survival benefit of surgery was also validated in clinically important subsets. CEM analysis further validated the survival advantage of surgery (P < 0.001). Moreover, a novel prediction model with excellent performance was established to estimate the potential benefit from surgical excision of the lesion with respect to the end point of overall survival. The current study supports the favorable impact of surgical excision on clinical outcome in patients with PCNSL. Although further randomized controlled trials are warranted, currently available evidence should be considered in the clinical management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lisheng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hansong Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Kaveh K, Manem VSK, Kohandel M, Sivaloganathan S. Modeling age-dependent radiation-induced second cancer risks and estimation of mutation rate: an evolutionary approach. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2015; 54:25-36. [PMID: 25404281 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-014-0576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the survival rate of cancer patients has significantly increased due to advances in anti-cancer therapeutics, one of the major side effects of these therapies, particularly radiotherapy, is the potential manifestation of radiation-induced secondary malignancies. In this work, a novel evolutionary stochastic model is introduced that couples short-term formalism (during radiotherapy) and long-term formalism (post-treatment). This framework is used to estimate the risks of second cancer as a function of spontaneous background and radiation-induced mutation rates of normal and pre-malignant cells. By fitting the model to available clinical data for spontaneous background risk together with data of Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors (for various organs), the second cancer mutation rate is estimated. The model predicts a significant increase in mutation rate for some cancer types, which may be a sign of genomic instability. Finally, it is shown that the model results are in agreement with the measured results for excess relative risk (ERR) as a function of exposure age and that the model predicts a negative correlation of ERR with increase in attained age. This novel approach can be used to analyze several radiotherapy protocols in current clinical practice and to forecast the second cancer risks over time for individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Kaveh
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Venkata S K Manem
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Center for Mathematical Medicine, Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, Toronto, ON, M5T 3J1, Canada
| | - Siv Sivaloganathan
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Center for Mathematical Medicine, Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, Toronto, ON, M5T 3J1, Canada
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