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Fan W, Xing Y, Yan S, Liu W, Ning J, Tian F, Wang X, Zhan Y, Luo L, Cao M, Huang J, Cai L. DUSP5 regulated by YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and EGFR-TKI resistance via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:208. [PMID: 38872157 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients have a dismal survival rate because of cancer metastasis and drug resistance. The study aims to identify the genes that concurrently modulate EMT, metastasis and EGFR-TKI resistance, and to investigate the underlying regulatory mechanisms. METHODS Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were applied to identify prognostic oncogenes in LUAD. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to indicate the biological functions of the gene. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to detect migratory and invasive ability. EGFR-TKI sensitivity was evaluated by assessing the proliferation, clonogenic survival and metastatic capability of cancer cells with treatment with gefitinib. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analyses established the level of m6A modification present on the target gene and the protein's capability to interact with RNA, respectively. Single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm used to investigate levels of immune cell infiltration. RESULTS Our study identified dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) as a novel and powerful predictor of adverse outcomes for LUAD by using public datasets. Functional enrichment analysis found that DUSP5 was positively enriched in EMT and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, a prevailing pathway involved in the induction of EMT. As expected, DUSP5 knockdown suppressed EMT via inhibiting the canonical TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in in vitro experiments. Consistently, knockdown of DUSP5 was first found to inhibit migratory ability and invasiveness of LUAD cells in in vitro and prevent lung metastasis in in vivo. DUSP5 knockdown re-sensitized gefitinib-resistant LUAD cells to gefitinib, accompanying reversion of EMT progress. In LUAD tissue samples, we found 14 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites of DUSP5 that were negatively associated with DUSP5 gene expression. Importantly, 5'Azacytidine (AZA), an FDA-approved DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, restored DUSP5 expression. Moreover, RIP experiments confirmed that YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1), a m6A reader protein, could bind DUSP5 mRNA. YTHDF1 promoted DUSP5 expression and the malignant phenotype of LUAD cells. In addition, the DUSP5-derived genomic model revealed the two clusters with distinguishable immune features and tumor mutational burden (TMB). CONCLUSIONS Briefly, our study discovered DUSP5 which was regulated by epigenetic modification, might be a potential therapeutic target, especially in LUAD patients with acquired EGFR-TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Fan
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying Xing
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shi Yan
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinfeng Ning
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Fanglin Tian
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuning Zhan
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lixin Luo
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mengru Cao
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Jian Huang
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Li Cai
- The Fourth Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Liu Y, Li H, Ouyang Y, Zhang Y, Pan P. Exploration of the role of oxidative stress-related genes in LPS-induced acute lung injury via bioinformatics and experimental studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21804. [PMID: 38071255 PMCID: PMC10710410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49165-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
During the progression of acute lung injury (ALI), oxidative stress and inflammatory responses always promote each other. The datasets analyzed in this research were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and limma package were used to obtain the ALI-related genes (ALIRGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. In total, two biological markers (Gch1 and Tnfaip3) related to oxidative stress were identified by machine learning algorithms, Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC), and differential expression analyses. The area under the curve (AUC) value of biological markers was greater than 0.9, indicating an excellent power to distinguish between ALI and control groups. Moreover, 15 differential immune cells were selected between the ALI and control samples, and they were correlated to biological markers. The transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA)-Target network was constructed to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms. Finally, based on the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the expression of Gch1 and Tnfaip3 was significantly higher in ALI lung tissue than in healthy controls. In conclusion, the differences in expression profiles between ALI and normal controls were found, and two biological markers were identified, providing a research basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshui Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huamei Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanhong Ouyang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Zhang N, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Ng AS, Bridges E, Zhang W, Zeng X, Luo Q, Liang J, Győrffy B, Hublitz P, Liang Z, Fischer R, Kerr D, Harris AL, Cai S. GTP Cyclohydrolase Drives Breast Cancer Development and Promotes EMT in an Enzyme-Independent Manner. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3400-3413. [PMID: 37463466 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis. The catalysis of BH4 biosynthesis is tightly regulated for physiological neurotransmission, inflammation, and vascular tone. Paradoxically, BH4 has emerged as an oncometabolite regulating tumor growth, but the effects on tumor development remain controversial. Here, we found that GCH1 potentiated the growth of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2+ breast cancer and transformed nontumor breast epithelial cells. Independent of BH4 production, GCH1 protein induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by binding to vimentin (Vim), which was mediated by HSP90. Conversely, GCH1 ablation impaired tumor growth, suppressed Vim in TNBC, and inhibited EGFR/ERK signaling while activating the p53 pathway in estrogen receptor-positive tumor cells. GCH1 deficiency increases tumor cell sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition and endocrine treatments. In addition, high GCH1 correlated with poor breast cancer survival. Together, this study reveals an enzyme-independent oncogenic role of GCH1, presenting it as a potential target for therapeutic development. SIGNIFICANCE GTP cyclohydrolase functions as an oncogene in breast cancer and binds vimentin to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition independently of its enzyme activity, which confers targetable vulnerabilities for developing breast cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Wang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aik Seng Ng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Bridges
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Zeng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Luo
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabien Liang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and Semmelweis University Department Bioinformatics and Department of Paediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Philip Hublitz
- Genome Engineering Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhu Liang
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Kerr
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shijie Cai
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Youngblood MW, Tran AN, Wang W, An S, Scholtens D, Zhang L, O’Shea K, Pokorny JL, Magill ST, Sachdev S, Lukas RV, Ahmed A, Unruh D, Walshon J, McCortney K, Wang Y, Baran A, Sahm F, Aldape K, Chandler JP, David James C, Heimberger AB, Horbinski C. Docetaxel targets aggressive methylation profiles and serves as a radiosensitizer in high-risk meningiomas. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:508-519. [PMID: 35976058 PMCID: PMC10013641 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults. A subset of these tumors recur and invade the brain, even after surgery and radiation, resulting in significant disability. There is currently no standard-of-care chemotherapy for meningiomas. As genomic DNA methylation profiling can prognostically stratify these lesions, we sought to determine whether any existing chemotherapies might be effective against meningiomas with high-risk methylation profiles. METHODS A previously published dataset of meningioma methylation profiles was used to screen for clinically significant CpG methylation events and associated cellular pathways. Based on these results, patient-derived meningioma cell lines were used to test candidate drugs in vitro and in vivo, including efficacy in conjunction with radiotherapy. RESULTS We identified 981 genes for which methylation of mapped CpG sites was related to progression-free survival in meningiomas. Associated molecular pathways were cross-referenced with FDA-approved cancer drugs, which nominated Docetaxel as a promising candidate for further preclinical analyses. Docetaxel arrested growth in 17 meningioma cell sources, representing all tumor grades, with a clinically favorable IC50 values ranging from 0.3 nM to 10.7 mM. The inhibitory effects of this medication scaled with tumor doubling time, with maximal benefit in fast-growing lesions. The combination of Docetaxel and radiation therapy increased markers of apoptosis and double-stranded DNA breaks, and extended the survival of mice engrafted with meningioma cells relative to either modality alone. CONCLUSIONS Global patterns of DNA methylation may be informative for the selection of chemotherapies against meningiomas, and existing drugs may enhance radiation sensitivity in high-risk cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Youngblood
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anh N Tran
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shejuan An
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Denise Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lyndsee Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaitlyn O’Shea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jenny L Pokorny
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen T Magill
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean Sachdev
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Atique Ahmed
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dusten Unruh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jordain Walshon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yufen Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aneta Baran
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Heidelberg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James P Chandler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Kaushal P, Zhu J, Wan Z, Chen H, Ye J, Luo C. Prognosis and Immune Landscapes in Glioblastoma Based on Gene-Signature Related to Reactive-Oxygen-Species. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:102-119. [PMID: 35779207 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-022-08719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and aggressive primary brain tumor and is highly resistant to current therapeutic strategies. Previous studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and immunosuppressive environment in GBM. To further study the role of ROS in prognosis, tumor micro-environment (TME) and immunotherapeutic response in GBM, an ROS-related nine-gene signature was constructed using the Lasso-Cox regression method and validated using three other datasets in our research, based on the hallmark ROS-pathway-related gene sets and the Cancer Genome Atlas GBM dataset. Differences in prognosis, TME scores, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity between high-risk and low-risk subgroups were analyzed using R software. Collectively, our research uncovered a novel ROS-related prognostic model for primary GBM, which could prove to be a potential tool for clinical diagnosis of GBM, and help assess the immune and molecular characteristics of ROS in the tumorigenesis and immunosuppression of GBM. Our research also revealed that the expressions of ROS-related genes-HSPB1, LSP1, and PTX3-were closely related to the cell markers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and M2 macrophages validated by quantitative RT-PCR, suggesting them could be potential targets of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kaushal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junle Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huairui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingliang Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Suppression of GCH1 Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer and Breast Cancer to PARP Inhibitor. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:1453739. [PMID: 36793373 PMCID: PMC9925261 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1453739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast and ovarian cancers are common malignancies among women, contributing to a significant disease burden, and are characterized by a high level of genomic instability, owing to the failure of homologous recombination repair (HRR). Pharmacological inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) could elicit the synthetic lethal effect of tumor cells in patients with homologous recombination deficiency, ultimately achieving a favorable clinical benefit. However, primary and acquired resistance remain the greatest hurdle, limiting the efficacy of PARP inhibitors; thus, strategies conferring or augmenting tumor cell sensitivity to PARP inhibitors are urgently required. Methods Our RNA-seq data of niraparib-treated and -untreated tumor cells were analyzed by R language. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied to assess the biological functions of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1). Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence were applied to confirm the upregulation of GCH1 upon niraparib treatment at transcriptional and translational levels. Immunohistochemistry of patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-derived tissue sections further validated that niraparib increased GCH1 expression. Tumor cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, while the superiority of the combination strategy was confirmed in the PDX model. Results The expression of GCH1 was aberrantly enriched in breast and ovarian cancers and increased after niraparib treatment via JAK-STAT signaling. GCH1 was also demonstrated to be associated with the HRR pathway. Subsequently, the enhancement of the tumor-killing effect of PARP inhibitors induced by GCH1 suppression using siRNA and GCH1 inhibitor was validated by flow cytometry in vitro. Finally, using the PDX model, we further demonstrated that GCH1 inhibitors markedly potentiated PARP inhibitors' antitumor efficacy in vivo. Conclusion Our results illustrated that PARP inhibitors promote GCH1 expression via the JAK-STAT pathway. We also elucidated the potential relationship between GCH1 and the homologous recombination repair pathway and proposed a combination regimen of GCH1 suppression with PARP inhibitors in breast and ovarian cancers.
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Hussein D. In Silico Investigation of the Human GTP Cyclohydrolase 1 Enzyme Reveals the Potential of Drug Repurposing Approaches towards the Discovery of Effective BH 4 Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021210. [PMID: 36674724 PMCID: PMC9862521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The GTP cyclohydrolase 1 enzyme (GTPCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthetic pathway. Physiologically, BH4 plays a crucial role as an essential cofactor for the production of catecholamine neurotransmitters, including epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, as well as the gaseous signaling molecule, nitric oxide. Pathological levels of the cofactor have been reported in a number of disease states, such as inflammatory conditions, neuropathic pain and cancer. Targeting the GTPCH1 enzyme has great potential in the management of a number of disease pathologies associated with dysregulated BH4 physiology. This study is an in silico investigation of the human GTPCH1 enzyme using virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation to identify molecules that can be repurposed to therapeutically target the enzyme. A three-tier molecular docking protocol was employed in the virtual screening of a comprehensive library of over 7000 approved medications and nutraceuticals in order to identify hit compounds capable of binding to the GTPCH1 binding pocket with the highest affinity. Hit compounds were further verified by molecular dynamic simulation studies to provide a detailed insight regarding the stability and nature of the binding interaction. In this study, we identify a number of drugs and natural compounds with recognized anti-inflammatory, analgesic and cytotoxic effects, including the aminosalicylate olsalazine, the antiepileptic phenytoin catechol, and the phlorotannins phlorofucofuroeckol and eckol. Our results suggest that the therapeutic and clinical effects of hit compounds may be partially attributed to the inhibition of the GTPCH1 enzyme. Notably, this study offers an understanding of the off-target effects of a number of compounds and advocates the potential role of aminosalicylates in the regulation of BH4 production in inflammatory disease states. It highlights an in silico drug repurposing approach to identify a potential means of safely targeting the BH4 biosynthetic pathway using established therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Khobar 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Aisha S, Hamza B, Malik F. Redox balance and autophagy regulation in cancer progression and their therapeutic perspective. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:12. [PMID: 36352310 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular ROS production participates in various cellular functions but its accumulation decides the cell fate. Malignant cells have higher levels of ROS and active antioxidant machinery, a characteristic hallmark of cancer with an outcome of activation of stress-induced pathways like autophagy. Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that produces alternative raw materials to meet the energy demand of cells and is influenced by the cellular redox state thus playing a definite role in cancer cell fate. Since damaged mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the cell, however, cancer cells remove them by upregulating the process of mitophagy which is known to play a decisive role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Chemotherapy exploits cell machinery which results in the accumulation of toxic levels of ROS in cells resulting in cell death by activating either of the pathways like apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis or autophagy in them. So understanding these redox and autophagy regulations offers a promising method to design and develop new cancer therapies that can be very effective and durable for years. This review will give a summary of the current therapeutic molecules targeting redox regulation and autophagy for the treatment of cancer. Further, it will highlight various challenges in developing anticancer agents due to autophagy and ROS regulation in the cell and insights into the development of future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shariqa Aisha
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Baseerat Hamza
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Jiang Y, Zhao J, Li R, Liu Y, Zhou L, Wang C, Lv C, Gao L, Cui D. CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:307. [PMID: 36266731 PMCID: PMC9583503 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death and participates in the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM). Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found to play key roles in ferroptosis via several mechanisms, including regulating iron metabolism, glutathione metabolism, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial-related proteins, there are many novel circRNAs regulating ferroptosis need to be found, and they may become a new molecular treatment target in GBM. METHODS The expression levels of circLRFN5, PRRX2 and GCH1 were detected by qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Lentiviral-based infections were used to overexpress or knockdown these molecules in glioma stem cells (GSCs). The biological functions of these molecules on GSCs were detected by MTS (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium), the 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, transwell, neurosphere formation assays, Extreme Limiting Dilution Analysis (ELDA) and xenograft experiments. The content of ferroptosis levels in GSCs was detected by BODIPY 581/591 C11 assay, glutathione (GSH) assay and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The regulating mechanisms among these molecules were studied by RNA immunoprecipitation assay, RNA pull-down assay, ubiquitination assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS We found a novel circRNA circLRFN5 is downregulated in GBM and associated with GBM patients' poor prognosis. CircLRFN5 overexpression inhibits the cell viabilities, proliferation, neurospheres formation, stemness and tumorigenesis of GSCs via inducing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, circLRFN5 binds to PRRX2 protein and promotes its degradation via a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal pathway. PRRX2 can transcriptionally upregulate GCH1 expression in GSCs, which is a ferroptosis suppressor via generating the antioxidant tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). CONCLUSIONS Our study found circLRFN5 as a tumor-suppressive circRNA and identified its role in the progression of ferroptosis and GBM. CircLRFN5 can be used as a potential GBM biomarker and become a target for molecular therapies or ferroptosis-dependent therapy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Junshuang Zhao
- grid.443573.20000 0004 1799 2448Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Rongqing Li
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Lin Zhou
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Caihong Lv
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Liang Gao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Daming Cui
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
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10
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Gundamaraju R, Wu J, William JNG, Lu W, Jha NK, Ramasamy S, Rao PV. Ascendancy of unfolded protein response over glioblastoma: estimating progression, prognosis and survival. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 39:143-165. [PMID: 35904341 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is presented with a poor prognosis. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been implicated as a major contributor to disease progression and chemoresistance in GBM. Triggering ERS by chemical agents or genetic modulations is identified as some of the reasons for regulating gene expression and the pathogenesis of GBM. ERS initiates unfolded protein response (UPR), an integrated system useful in restoring homeostasis or inducing apoptosis. Modulation of UPR might have positive outcomes in GBM treatment as UPR inducers have been shown to alter cell survival and migration. In the current review, we have utilized GSE7806, a publicly available dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), to evaluate the genes expressed during 6.5 hr and 18 hr, which can be comparable to the early and late-onset of the disease. Subsequently, we have elucidated the prognosis and survival information whilst the expression of these genes in the GBM was noted in previous studies. This is the first of its kind review summarizing the most recent gene information correlating UPR and GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER stress and Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jian Wu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonahunnatha Nesson George William
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Wenying Lu
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, Indonesia
| | | | - Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao
- f Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.,g Department of Biotechnology, School of applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.,h Cardiac Hypertrophy Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.,i Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,j Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
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11
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Wang K, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang A, Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhang J. Ferroptosis in Glioma Immune Microenvironment: Opportunity and Challenge. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917634. [PMID: 35832539 PMCID: PMC9273259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor in adults and the 5-year survival rate of glioma patients is extremely poor, even in patients who received Stupp treatment after diagnosis and this forces us to explore more efficient clinical strategies. At this time, immunotherapy shows great potential in a variety of tumor clinical treatments, however, its clinical effect in glioma is limited because of tumor immune privilege which was induced by the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment, so remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment is a practical way to eliminate glioma immunotherapy resistance. Recently, increasing studies have confirmed that ferroptosis, a new form of cell death, plays an important role in tumor progression and immune microenvironment and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and tumor immune microenvironment attracts much attention. This work summarizes the progress studies of ferroptosis in the glioma immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Soares JPM, Gonçalves DA, de Sousa RX, Mouro MG, Higa EMS, Sperandio LP, Vitoriano CM, Rosa EBS, dos Santos FO, de Queiroz GN, Yamaguchi RSS, Pereira G, Icimoto MY, de Melo FHM. Disruption of Redox Homeostasis by Alterations in Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity and Tetrahydrobiopterin along with Melanoma Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5979. [PMID: 35682659 PMCID: PMC9181279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma emerges from the malignant transformation of melanocytes and is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. The progression can occur in different stages: radial growth phase (RGP), vertical growth phase (VGP), and metastasis. Reactive oxygen species contribute to all phases of melanomagenesis through the modulation of oncogenic signaling pathways. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an important cofactor for NOS coupling, and an uncoupled enzyme is a source of superoxide anion (O2•-) rather than nitric oxide (NO), altering the redox homeostasis and contributing to melanoma progression. In the present work, we showed that the BH4 amount varies between different cell lines corresponding to distinct stages of melanoma progression; however, they all presented higher O2•- levels and lower NO levels compared to melanocytes. Our results showed increased NOS expression in melanoma cells, contributing to NOS uncoupling. BH4 supplementation of RGP cells, and the DAHP treatment of metastatic melanoma cells reduced cell growth. Finally, Western blot analysis indicated that both treatments act on the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways of these melanoma cells in different ways. Disruption of cellular redox homeostasis by the altered BH4 concentration can be explored as a therapeutic strategy according to the stage of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Pereira Moura Soares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (J.P.M.S.); (R.X.d.S.); (R.S.S.Y.)
| | - Diego Assis Gonçalves
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Juiz de Fora Federal University, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil;
- Micro-Imuno-Parasitology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Xisto de Sousa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (J.P.M.S.); (R.X.d.S.); (R.S.S.Y.)
| | - Margareth Gori Mouro
- Nefrology Discipline, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (E.M.S.H.)
| | - Elisa M. S. Higa
- Nefrology Discipline, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (E.M.S.H.)
| | - Letícia Paulino Sperandio
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (L.P.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Carolina Moraes Vitoriano
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05505-000, Brazil; (C.M.V.); (E.B.S.R.); (F.O.d.S.); (G.N.d.Q.)
| | - Elisa Bachir Santa Rosa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05505-000, Brazil; (C.M.V.); (E.B.S.R.); (F.O.d.S.); (G.N.d.Q.)
| | - Fernanda Oliveira dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05505-000, Brazil; (C.M.V.); (E.B.S.R.); (F.O.d.S.); (G.N.d.Q.)
| | - Gustavo Nery de Queiroz
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05505-000, Brazil; (C.M.V.); (E.B.S.R.); (F.O.d.S.); (G.N.d.Q.)
| | - Roberta Sessa Stilhano Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (J.P.M.S.); (R.X.d.S.); (R.S.S.Y.)
| | - Gustavo Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil; (L.P.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Marcelo Yudi Icimoto
- Biophysics Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;
| | - Fabiana Henriques Machado de Melo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05505-000, Brazil; (C.M.V.); (E.B.S.R.); (F.O.d.S.); (G.N.d.Q.)
- Institute of Medical Assistance to Public Servants of the State (IAMSPE), São Paulo 04039-000, Brazil
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13
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Purine Synthesis Inhibitor L-Alanosine Impairs Mitochondrial Function and Stemness of Brain Tumor Initiating Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040751. [PMID: 35453502 PMCID: PMC9025092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal brain cancer exhibiting high levels of drug resistance, a feature partially imparted by tumor cell stemness. Recent work shows that homozygous MTAP deletion, a genetic alteration occurring in about half of all GBMs, promotes stemness in GBM cells. Exploiting MTAP loss-conferred deficiency in purine salvage, we demonstrate that purine blockade via treatment with L-Alanosine (ALA), an inhibitor of de novo purine synthesis, attenuates stemness of MTAP-deficient GBM cells. This ALA-induced reduction in stemness is mediated in part by compromised mitochondrial function, highlighted by ALA-induced elimination of mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity. Notably, these effects of ALA are apparent even when the treatment was transient and with a low dose. Finally, in agreement with diminished stemness and compromised mitochondrial function, we show that ALA sensitizes GBM cells to temozolomide (TMZ) in vitro and in an orthotopic GBM model. Collectively, these results identify purine supply as an essential component in maintaining mitochondrial function in GBM cells and highlight a critical role of mitochondrial function in sustaining GBM stemness. We propose that purine synthesis inhibition can be beneficial in combination with the standard of care for MTAP-deficient GBMs, and that it may be feasible to achieve this benefit without inflicting major toxicity.
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14
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Lu M, Li J, Fan X, Xie F, Fan J, Xiong Y. Novel Immune-Related Ferroptosis Signature in Esophageal Cancer: An Informatics Exploration of Biological Processes Related to the TMEM161B-AS1/hsa-miR-27a-3p/GCH1 Regulatory Network. Front Genet 2022; 13:829384. [PMID: 35281840 PMCID: PMC8908453 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.829384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering the role of immunity and ferroptosis in the invasion, proliferation and treatment of cancer, it is of interest to construct a model of prognostic-related differential expressed immune-related ferroptosis genes (PR-DE-IRFeGs), and explore the ferroptosis-related biological processes in esophageal cancer (ESCA).Methods: Four ESCA datasets were used to identify three PR-DE-IRFeGs for constructing the prognostic model. Validation of our model was based on analyses of internal and external data sets, and comparisons with past models. With the biological-based enrichment analysis as a guide, exploration for ESCA-related biological processes was undertaken with respect to the immune microenvironment, mutations, competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA), and copy number variation (CNV). The model’s clinical applicability was measured by nomogram and correlation analysis between risk score and gene expression, and also immune-based and chemotherapeutic sensitivity.Results: Three PR-DE-IRFeGs (DDIT3, SLC2A3, and GCH1), risk factors for prognosis of ESCA patients, were the basis for constructing the prognostic model. Validation of our model shows a meaningful capability for prognosis prediction. Furthermore, many biological functions and pathways related to immunity and ferroptosis were enriched in the high-risk group, and the role of the TMEM161B-AS1/hsa-miR-27a-3p/GCH1 network in ESCA is supported. Also, the KMT2D mutation is associated with our risk score and SLC2A3 expression. Overall, the prognostic model was associated with treatment sensitivity and levels of gene expression.Conclusion: A novel, prognostic model was shown to have high predictive value. Biological processes related to immune functions, KMT2D mutation, CNV and the TMEM161B-AS1/hsa-miR-27a-3p/GCH1 network were involved in ESCA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Department of Emergency, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Shangrao Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Shangrao, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Fan
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Fan,
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Shangrao Municipal Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Yuanping Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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15
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Cai Y, Liang X, Zhan Z, Zeng Y, Lin J, Xu A, Xue S, Xu W, Chai P, Mao Y, Song Z, Han L, Xiao J, Song Y, Zhang X. A Ferroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Index to Predict Temozolomide Sensitivity and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response for Glioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:812422. [PMID: 35174170 PMCID: PMC8842730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.812422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gliomas are highly lethal brain tumors. Despite multimodality therapy with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, glioma prognosis remains poor. Ferroptosis is a crucial tumor suppressor mechanism that has been proven to be effective in anticancer therapy. However, the implications of ferroptosis on the clinical prognosis, chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for patients with glioma still need elucidation. Methods: Consensus clustering revealed two distinct ferroptosis-related subtypes based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma dataset (n = 663). Subsequently, the ferroptosis-related gene prognostic index (FRGPI) was constructed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and “stepAIC” algorithms and validated with the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset (n = 404). Subsequently, the correlation among clinical, molecular, and immune features and FRGPI was analyzed. Next, the temozolomide sensitivity and ICI response for glioma were predicted using the “pRRophetic” and “TIDE” algorithms, respectively. Finally, candidate small molecular drugs were defined using the connectivity map database based on FRGPI. Results: The FRGPI was established based on the HMOX1, TFRC, JUN, and SOCS1 genes. The distribution of FRGPI varied significantly among the different ferroptosis-related subtypes. Patients with high FRGPI had a worse overall prognosis than patients with low FRGPI, consistent with the results in the CGGA dataset. The final results showed that high FRGPI was characterized by more aggressive phenotypes, high PD-L1 expression, high tumor mutational burden score, and enhanced temozolomide sensitivity; low FRGPI was associated with less aggressive phenotypes, high microsatellite instability score, and stronger response to immune checkpoint blockade. In addition, the infiltration of memory resting CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, and neutrophils was positively correlated with FRGPI. In contrast, plasma B cells and naïve CD4+ T cells were negatively correlated. A total of 15 potential small molecule compounds (such as depactin, physostigmine, and phenacetin) were identified. Conclusion: FRGPI is a promising gene panel for predicting the prognosis, immune characteristics, temozolomide sensitivity, and ICI response in patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqiu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengming Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaishuai Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangqi Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zibin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqi Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Qiqihar, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Zhang, ; Ye Song, ; Jianqi Xiao,
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Zhang, ; Ye Song, ; Jianqi Xiao,
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Zhang, ; Ye Song, ; Jianqi Xiao,
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16
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Xu B, Liu F, Gao Y, Sun J, Li Y, Lin Y, Liu X, Wen Y, Yi S, Dang J, Tu P, Wang Y. High Expression of IKZF2 in Malignant T Cells Promotes Disease Progression in Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 101:adv00613. [PMID: 34853863 PMCID: PMC9472098 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma is a generally indolent disease derived from skin-homing mature T cells. However, in advanced stages, cutaneous T cell lymphoma may manifest aggressive clinical behaviour and lead to a poor prognosis. The mechanism of disease progression in cutaneous T cell lymphoma remains unknown. This study, based on a large clinical cohort, found that IKZF2, an essential transcription factor during T cell development and differentiation, showed stage-dependent overexpression in the malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides lesions. IKZF2 is specifically over-expressed in advanced-stage mycosis fungoides lesions, and correlates with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, overexpression of IKZF2 promotes cutaneous T cell lymphoma progression via inhibiting malignant cell apoptosis and may contribute to tumour immune escape by downregulating major histocompatibility complex II molecules and up-regulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 by malignant T cells. These results demonstrate the important role of IKZF2 in high-risk cutaneous T cell lymphoma and pave the way for future targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yang Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034, China.
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17
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de Melo FHM, Gonçalves DA, de Sousa RX, Icimoto MY, Fernandes DDC, Laurindo FRM, Jasiulionis MG. Metastatic Melanoma Progression Is Associated with Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Uncoupling Induced by Loss of eNOS:BH4 Stoichiometry. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9556. [PMID: 34502464 PMCID: PMC8430733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer due to its high capability of developing metastasis and acquiring chemoresistance. Altered redox homeostasis induced by increased reactive oxygen species is associated with melanomagenesis through modulation of redox signaling pathways. Dysfunctional endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion (O2-•) and contributes to the establishment of a pro-oxidant environment in melanoma. Although decreased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) bioavailability is associated with eNOS uncoupling in endothelial and human melanoma cells, in the present work we show that eNOS uncoupling in metastatic melanoma cells expressing the genes from de novo biopterin synthesis pathway Gch1, Pts, and Spr, and high BH4 concentration and BH4:BH2 ratio. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of Nos3, altering the stoichiometry balance between eNOS and BH4, contributing to NOS uncoupling. Both treatment with L-sepiapterin and eNOS downregulation induced increased nitric oxide (NO) and decreased O2• levels, triggering NOS coupling and reducing cell growth and resistance to anoikis and dacarbazine chemotherapy. Moreover, restoration of eNOS activity impaired tumor growth in vivo. Finally, NOS3 expression was found to be increased in human metastatic melanoma samples compared with the primary site. eNOS dysfunction may be an important mechanism supporting metastatic melanoma growth and hence a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Henriques Machado de Melo
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil
| | - Diego Assis Gonçalves
- Micro-Imuno-Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;
- Parasitology Department, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Xisto de Sousa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Yudi Icimoto
- Biophysics Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;
| | - Denise de Castro Fernandes
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil; (D.d.C.F.); (F.R.M.L.)
| | - Francisco R. M. Laurindo
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil; (D.d.C.F.); (F.R.M.L.)
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18
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Gonçalves DA, Jasiulionis MG, de Melo FHM. The Role of the BH4 Cofactor in Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity and Cancer Progression: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9546. [PMID: 34502450 PMCID: PMC8431490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is associated with abnormal proliferation, genetic instability, cell death resistance, metabolic reprogramming, immunity evasion, and metastasis. These alterations are triggered by genetic and epigenetic alterations in genes that control cell homeostasis. Increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) induced by different enzymes and reactions with distinct molecules contribute to malignant transformation and tumor progression by modifying DNA, proteins, and lipids, altering their activities. Nitric oxide synthase plays a central role in oncogenic signaling modulation and redox landscape. Overexpression of the three NOS isoforms has been found in innumerous types of cancer contributing to tumor growth and development. Although the main function of NOS is the production of nitric oxide (NO), it can be a source of ROS in some pathological conditions. Decreased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) cofactor availability is involved in NOS dysfunction, leading to ROS production and reduced levels of NO. The regulation of NOSs by BH4 in cancer is controversial since BH4 has been reported as a pro-tumoral or an antitumoral molecule. Therefore, in this review, the role of BH4 in the control of NOS activity and its involvement in the capabilities acquired along tumor progression of different cancers was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Assis Gonçalves
- Micro-Imuno-Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil;
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Henriques Machado de Melo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Institute of Medical Assistance to Public Servants of the State (IAMSPE), São Paulo 04039-000, Brazil
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19
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Zhong GC, Zhao ZB, Cheng Y, Wang YB, Qiu C, Mao LH, Hu JJ, Cai D, Liu Y, Gong JP, Li SW. Epigenetic silencing of GCH1promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting tetrahydrobiopterin de novo biosynthesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:81-94. [PMID: 33781891 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its role in HCC remains to be elucidated. Herein, we identified GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1), the first rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) de novo biosynthesis, as a novel metabolic regulator of HCC. GCH1 was frequently down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines by promoter methylation. Low GCH1 expression was associated with larger tumor size, increased tumor number, and worse prognosis in two independent cohorts of HCC patients. Functionally, GCH1 silencing promoted HCC growth in vitro and in vivo, while GCH1 overexpression exerted an opposite effect. The metabolite BH4 inhibited HCC growth in vitro and in vivo. GCH1 silencing exerted its growth-promoting effect through directly inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis. Mechanistically, GCH1 silencing activated ASK1/p38 signaling; pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ASK1 or p38 abolished GCH1 silencing-induced growth-promoting effect. Further mechanistic studies found that GCH1 silencing-induced BH4 reduction resulted in an increase of intracellular superoxide anion levels in a dose-dependent manner, which mediated the activation of ASK1/p38 signaling. Collectively, our study reveals that epigenetic silencing of GCH1 promotes HCC growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis, suggesting that targeting GCH1/BH4 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to combat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chao Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Bing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin-Hong Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie-Jun Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Ping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng-Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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20
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Tuy K, Rickenbacker L, Hjelmeland AB. Reactive oxygen species produced by altered tumor metabolism impacts cancer stem cell maintenance. Redox Biol 2021; 44:101953. [PMID: 34052208 PMCID: PMC8212140 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) at sustainable levels can drive multiple facets of tumor biology, including within the cancer stem cell (CSC) population. Tight regulation of ROS is one key component in CSCs that drives disease recurrence, cell signaling, and therapeutic resistance. While ROS are well-appreciated to need oxygen and are a product of oxidative phosphorylation, there are also important roles for ROS under hypoxia. As hypoxia promotes and sustains major stemness pathways, further consideration of ROS impacts on CSCs in the tumor microenvironment is important. Furthermore, glycolytic shifts that occur in cancer and may be promoted by hypoxia are associated with multiple mechanisms to mitigate oxidative stress. This altered metabolism provides survival advantages that sustain malignant features, such as proliferation and self-renewal, while producing the necessary antioxidants that reduce damage from oxidative stress. Finally, disease recurrence is believed to be attributed to therapy resistant CSCs which can be quiescent and have changes in redox status. Effective DNA damage response pathways and/or a slow-cycling state can protect CSCs from the genomic catastrophe induced by irradiation and genotoxic agents. This review will explore the delicate, yet complex, relationship between ROS and its pleiotropic role in modulating the CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaysaw Tuy
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lucas Rickenbacker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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21
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Kraft VN, Bezjian CT, Pfeiffer S, Ringelstetter L, Müller C, Zandkarimi F, Merl-Pham J, Bao X, Anastasov N, Kössl J, Brandner S, Daniels JD, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Hauck SM, Stockwell BR, Hadian K, Schick JA. GTP Cyclohydrolase 1/Tetrahydrobiopterin Counteract Ferroptosis through Lipid Remodeling. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:41-53. [PMID: 31989025 PMCID: PMC6978838 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death linking iron, lipid, and glutathione levels to degenerative processes and tumor suppression. By performing a genome-wide activation screen, we identified a cohort of genes antagonizing ferroptotic cell death, including GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (GCH1) and its metabolic derivatives tetrahydrobiopterin/dihydrobiopterin (BH4/BH2). Synthesis of BH4/BH2 by GCH1-expressing cells caused lipid remodeling, suppressing ferroptosis by selectively preventing depletion of phospholipids with two polyunsaturated fatty acyl tails. GCH1 expression level in cancer cell lines stratified susceptibility to ferroptosis, in accordance with its expression in human tumor samples. The GCH1-BH4-phospholipid axis acts as a master regulator of ferroptosis resistance, controlling endogenous production of the antioxidant BH4, abundance of CoQ10, and peroxidation of unusual phospholipids with two polyunsaturated fatty acyl tails. This demonstrates a unique mechanism of ferroptosis protection that is independent of the GPX4/glutathione system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa
A. N. Kraft
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carla T. Bezjian
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, MC4846, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Susanne Pfeiffer
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Ringelstetter
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research
Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, HelmholtzZentrum
Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fereshteh Zandkarimi
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research
Unit Protein Science, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute
of Radiation Biology, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Natasa Anastasov
- Institute
of Radiation Biology, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Kössl
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Brandner
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jacob D. Daniels
- Department
of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research
Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, HelmholtzZentrum
Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research
Unit Protein Science, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, MC4846, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Kamyar Hadian
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Assay Development and Screening
Platform, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- E-mail:
| | - Joel A. Schick
- Institute
of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Genetics and Cellular Engineering
Group, HelmholtzZentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- E-mail:
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22
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Basati G, Khaksarian M, Abbaszadeh S, Lashgarian HE, Marzban A. Cancer stem cells and nanotechnological approaches for eradication. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:38. [PMID: 31853454 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are currently known as the main cause of tumor recurrence. After chemotherapy is completed, CSCs proliferate and then differentiate to generate new tumor tissues. Similar to normal stem cells, this non-uniformly distributed cell population in the tumor tissue has self-renewal capacity and is responsible for survival of the tumor and difference in its genetic and metabolic characteristics. Followed by gene instability in CSCs, new phenotypic markers are aberrantly expressed in CSCs subpopulation. Hence, some of the surface markers and metabolic pathways that are upregulated in CSCs may be applied as specific targets for development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this review article, the distinctive properties of CSCs including signal pathways implicated in self-renewal and surface markers were discussed. Moreover, targeting CSCs based on their specific properties using nanodrugs was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam Basati
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Khaksarian
- Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center & Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Saber Abbaszadeh
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Esmaeil Lashgarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Abdolrazagh Marzban
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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23
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Tran AN, Dussaq AM, Kennell T, Willey CD, Hjelmeland AB. HPAanalyze: an R package that facilitates the retrieval and analysis of the Human Protein Atlas data. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:463. [PMID: 31500569 PMCID: PMC6734269 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) aims to map human proteins via multiple technologies including imaging, proteomics and transcriptomics. Access of the HPA data is mainly via web-based interface allowing views of individual proteins, which may not be optimal for data analysis of a gene set, or automatic retrieval of original images. Results HPAanalyze is an R package for retrieving and performing exploratory analysis of data from HPA. HPAanalyze provides functionality for importing data tables and xml files from HPA, exporting and visualizing data, as well as downloading all staining images of interest. The package is free, open source, and available via Bioconductor and GitHub. We provide examples of the use of HPAanalyze to investigate proteins altered in the deadly brain tumor glioblastoma. For example, we confirm Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor elevation and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog loss and suggest the importance of the GTP Cyclohydrolase I/Tetrahydrobiopterin pathway. Additionally, we provide an interactive website for non-programmers to explore and visualize data without the use of R. Conclusions HPAanalyze integrates into the R workflow with the tidyverse framework, and it can be used in combination with Bioconductor packages for easy analysis of HPA data. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-019-3059-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Nhat Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, THT 948, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Alex M Dussaq
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 121 Shelby Biomedical Research Building, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Timothy Kennell
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 121 Shelby Biomedical Research Building, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 176 Facility Building, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, THT 948, 1900 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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24
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Lee BWL, Ghode P, Ong DST. Redox regulation of cell state and fate. Redox Biol 2019; 25:101056. [PMID: 30509603 PMCID: PMC6859564 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure in effective cancer treatment is thought to be attributed to a subpopulation of tumor cells with stem cell-like properties. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) are intimately linked to tumor initiation, heterogeneity, maintenance, recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence supports the view that a tight redox regulation is crucial for CSC proliferation, tumorigenicity, therapy resistance and metastasis in many cancer types. Since the distinct metabolic and epigenetic states of CSCs may influence ROS levels, and hence their malignancy, ROS modulating agents hold promise in their utility as anti-CSC agents that may improve the durability of current cancer treatments. This review will focus on (i) how ROS levels are regulated for CSCs to elicit their hallmark features; (ii) the link between ROS and metabolic plasticity of CSCs; and (iii) how ROS may interface with epigenetics that would enable CSCs to thrive in a stressful tumor microenvironment and survive therapeutic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice Woon Li Lee
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Pramila Ghode
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Singapore.
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