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Cortes Ballen AI, Amosu M, Ravinder S, Chan J, Derin E, Slika H, Tyler B. Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Review of Pathways and Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2024; 13:1574. [PMID: 39329757 PMCID: PMC11430559 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and highly malignant primary brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and a poor prognosis for patients. Despite advancements in treatment, the median survival time for GBM patients remains low. One of the crucial challenges in understanding and treating GBMs involves its remarkable cellular heterogeneity and adaptability. Central to the survival and proliferation of GBM cells is their ability to undergo metabolic reprogramming. Metabolic reprogramming is a process that allows cancer cells to alter their metabolism to meet the increased demands of rapid growth and to survive in the often oxygen- and nutrient-deficient tumor microenvironment. These changes in metabolism include the Warburg effect, alterations in several key metabolic pathways including glutamine metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, increased uptake and utilization of glutamine, and more. Despite the complexity and adaptability of GBM metabolism, a deeper understanding of its metabolic reprogramming offers hope for developing more effective therapeutic interventions against GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Betty Tyler
- Hunterian Neurosurgical Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; (A.I.C.B.); (M.A.); (S.R.); (J.C.); (E.D.); (H.S.)
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Ren J, Huang J, Yang Z, Sun M, Yang J, Lin C, Jin F, Liu Y, Tang L, Hu J, Wei X, Chen X, Yuan Z, Yang Z, Chen Y, Zhang L. Cytoplasmic TP53INP2 acts as an apoptosis partner in TRAIL treatment: the synergistic effect of TRAIL with venetoclax in TP53INP2-positive acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:176. [PMID: 38909249 PMCID: PMC11193246 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy with poor outcomes, especially in older AML patients. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is considered a promising anticancer drug because it selectively induces the extrinsic apoptosis of tumor cells without affecting normal cells. However, clinical trials have shown that the responses of patients to TRAIL are significantly heterogeneous. It is necessary to explore predictable biomarkers for the preselection of AML patients with better responsiveness to TRAIL. Here, we investigated the critical role of tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2 (TP53INP2) in the AML cell response to TRAIL treatment. METHODS First, the relationship between TP53INP2 and the sensitivity of AML cells to TRAIL was determined by bioinformatics analysis of Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia datasets, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, flow cytometry (FCM) and cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) mouse models. Second, the mechanisms by which TP53INP2 participates in the response to TRAIL were analyzed by Western blot, ubiquitination, coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. Finally, the effect of TRAIL alone or in combination with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) on cell survival was explored using colony formation and FCM assays, and the effect on leukemogenesis was further investigated in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. RESULTS AML cells with high TP53INP2 expression were more sensitive to TRAIL in vitro and in vivo. Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that TP53INP2 significantly enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis, especially in AML cells with nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic TP53INP2 maintained by mutant NPM1 functions as a scaffold bridging the ubiquitin ligase TRAF6 to caspase-8 (CASP 8), thereby promoting the ubiquitination and activation of the CASP 8 pathway. More importantly, simultaneously stimulating extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways with TRAIL and VEN showed strong synergistic antileukemic activity in AML cells with high levels of TP53INP2. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that TP53INP2 is a predictor of responsiveness to TRAIL treatment and supported a potentially individualized therapeutic strategy for TP53INP2-positive AML patients.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Animals
- Mice
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/pharmacology
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Sulfonamides/therapeutic use
- Drug Synergism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Nucleophosmin
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Cytoplasm/metabolism
- Female
- Nuclear Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junpeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zailin Yang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Minghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Can Lin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fangfang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongcan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lisha Tang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiayuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xingyu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zihao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zesong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yanmeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Rahban M, Joushi S, Bashiri H, Saso L, Sheibani V. Characterization of prevalent tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their challenges in glioblastoma treatment. Front Chem 2024; 11:1325214. [PMID: 38264122 PMCID: PMC10804459 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1325214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant primary tumor in the central nervous system. Despite extensive efforts in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and neurosurgery, there remains an inadequate level of improvement in treatment outcomes. The development of large-scale genomic and proteomic analysis suggests that GBMs are characterized by transcriptional heterogeneity, which is responsible for therapy resistance. Hence, knowledge about the genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity of GBM is crucial for developing effective treatments for this aggressive form of brain cancer. Tyrosine kinases (TKs) can act as signal transducers, regulate important cellular processes like differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism. Therefore, TK inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed to specifically target these kinases. TKIs are categorized into allosteric and non-allosteric inhibitors. Irreversible inhibitors form covalent bonds, which can lead to longer-lasting effects. However, this can also increase the risk of off-target effects and toxicity. The development of TKIs as therapeutics through computer-aided drug design (CADD) and bioinformatic techniques enhance the potential to improve patients' survival rates. Therefore, the continued exploration of TKIs as drug targets is expected to lead to even more effective and specific therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Rahban
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Joushi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamideh Bashiri
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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