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Wang C, Zhang H, Kang Z, Fan J. 3D Cellular Solar Crystallizer for Stable and Ultra-Efficient High-Salinity Wastewater Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305313. [PMID: 38037848 PMCID: PMC10787074 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent developed interfacial solar brine crystallizers, which employ solar-driven water evaporation for salts crystallization from the near-saturation brine to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) brine treatment, are promising due to their excellent energy efficiency and sustainability. However, most existing interfacial solar crystallizers are only tested using NaCl solution and failed to maintain high evaporation capability when treating real seawater due to the scaling problem caused by the crystallization of high-valent cations. Herein, an artificial tree solar crystallizer (ATSC) with a multi-branched and interconnected open-cell cellular structure that significantly increased evaporation surface is rationally designed, achieving an ultra-high evaporation rate (2.30 kg m-2 h-1 during 2 h exposure) and high energy efficiency (128%) in concentrated real seawater. The unit cell design of ATSC promoted salt crystallization on the outer frame rather than the inner voids, ensuring that salt crystallization does not affect the continuous transport of brine through the pores inside the unit cell, thus ATSC can maintain a stable evaporation rate of 1.94 kg m-2 h-1 on average in concentrated seawater for 80 h continuous exposure. The design concept of ATSC represents a major step forward toward ZLD treatment of high-salinity brine in many industrial processes is believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hanchao Zhang
- Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhanxiao Kang
- Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jintu Fan
- Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Yu H, Li Q, Hu Y, Li K, Reddy KM, Xie G, Liu X, Qiu HJ. Self-Floating Nanoporous High-Entropy Oxides with Tunable Bandgap for Efficient Solar Seawater Desalination. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10554-10562. [PMID: 37916621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous high-entropy oxide (np-HEO) powders with tunable composition are integrated with a poly(vinylidene fluoride) network to create self-floating solar absorber films for seawater desalination. By progressively increasing the element count, we obtain an optimized 9-component AlNiCoFeCrMoVCuTi-Ox. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a remarkable reduction in its bandgap, facilitating the light-induced migration of electrons to conduction bands to generate electron-hole pairs, which recombine to produce heat. Simultaneously, the intricate light reflection and refraction pathways, shaped by the nanoporous structure, coupled with the reduced thermal conductivity attributed to the suboptimal crystalline quality of the np-HEO ensure an effective conversion of captured light into thermal energy. Consequently, all these films demonstrate an impressive absorbance rate exceeding 93% across the 250-2500 nm spectral range. Under one sun, the surface temperature of the 9-component film rapidly rises to 110 °C within 90 s with a high pure water evaporation rate of 2.16 kg m-2 h-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- Frontier Research Center for Materials Structure, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kolan Madhav Reddy
- Frontier Research Center for Materials Structure, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guoqiang Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingjun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hua-Jun Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Carbon Materials Research and Comprehensive Application, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Liao Y, Li Y, Zhao R, Zhang J, Zhao L, Ji L, Zhang Z, Liu X, Qin G, Zhang X. High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles with ultra-mixed 21 elements for efficient photothermal conversion. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac041. [PMID: 35677225 PMCID: PMC9170356 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-metallic nanoparticles have been proven to be an efficient photothermal conversion material, for which the optical absorption can be broadened through the interband transitions (IBTs), but it remains a challenge due to the strong immiscibility among the repelling combinations. Here, assisted by an extremely high evaporation temperature, ultra-fast cooling and vapor-pressure strategy, the arc-discharged plasma method was employed to synthesize ultra-mixed multi-metallic nanoparticles composed of 21 elements (FeCoNiCrYTiVCuAlNbMoTaWZnCdPbBiAgInMnSn), in which the strongly repelling combinations were uniformly distributed. Due to the reinforced lattice distortion effect and excellent IBTs, the nanoparticles can realize an average absorption of >92% in the entire solar spectrum (250 to 2500 nm). In particular, the 21-element nanoparticles achieve a considerably high solar steam efficiency of nearly 99% under one solar irradiation, with a water evaporation rate of 2.42 kg m–2 h–1, demonstrating a highly efficient photothermal conversion performance. The present approach creates a new strategy for uniformly mixing multi-metallic elements for exploring their unknown properties and various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Liao
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
| | - Yixing Li
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
| | - Rongzhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
| | - Lizhong Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
| | - Lianze Ji
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
| | - Xiaolian Liu
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang110819, China
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou310012, China
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