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Buisseret F, Draye N, Di Santo C, Pacewicz J, Pannetier J, Dierick F, Telliez F. Occupational Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders among Workers in Dairy Diversification. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:178. [PMID: 38255067 PMCID: PMC10815434 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a changing European agricultural context, diversification of dairy farms is gaining attention. This study seeks to (1) assess musculoskeletal pain prevalence associated with tasks such as butter, yogurt, and cheese production; and (2) analyze associated risks. METHODS Observing 31, mostly female, workers, we utilized the ERGOROM questionnaire, a methodology adapted from the Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, and Key Indicator Method forms. RESULTS Findings revealed that tasks like load carrying (42% of workers), manual work (17%), and awkward postures (14%) resulted in musculoskeletal pain, predominantly in the lower back (65%), neck (39%), and dominant upper limb areas (shoulder: 61%, elbow: 26%, and wrist: 65%). While psychosocial risks remained low, concerns arose from workload, hygiene standards, and resource unpredictability. CONCLUSIONS As dairy farming evolves from artisanal to semi-industrial, our study emphasizes the importance of ergonomic adaptations to protect farmers' health and prevent musculoskeletal disorders during diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Buisseret
- Laboratoire Forme et Fonctionnement Humain, CeREF, Rue Trieu Kaisin 136, 6061 Montignies-sur-Sambre, Belgium; (N.D.); (C.D.S.); (J.P.)
- Service de Physique Nucléaire et Subnucléaire, Université de Mons, UMONS Research Institute for Complex Systems, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Draye
- Laboratoire Forme et Fonctionnement Humain, CeREF, Rue Trieu Kaisin 136, 6061 Montignies-sur-Sambre, Belgium; (N.D.); (C.D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Camille Di Santo
- Laboratoire Forme et Fonctionnement Humain, CeREF, Rue Trieu Kaisin 136, 6061 Montignies-sur-Sambre, Belgium; (N.D.); (C.D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Jocelyn Pacewicz
- Laboratoire Forme et Fonctionnement Humain, CeREF, Rue Trieu Kaisin 136, 6061 Montignies-sur-Sambre, Belgium; (N.D.); (C.D.S.); (J.P.)
| | | | - Frédéric Dierick
- Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), 1 Rue André Vésale, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
- Faculté des Sciences de la Motricité, UCLouvain, 1-2 Place Pierre de Coubertin, 1348 Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Telliez
- Laboratoire Péritox UMR_I 01, Institut d’Ingénierie de la Santé-UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Rue des Louvels, 80036 Amiens, France;
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Grøn S, Bülow K, Jonsson TD, Degn J, Kongsted A. What do people believe to be the cause of low back pain? A scoping review. Braz J Phys Ther 2023; 27:100562. [PMID: 37972538 PMCID: PMC10679815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2023.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how causal beliefs regarding non-specific low back pain (LBP) have been quantitatively investigated. METHODS A scoping review based on the guidelines by the JBI (former Joanna Briggs Institute) was conducted. We searched Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, and CINAHL for relevant studies and included peer-reviewed original articles that measured causal beliefs about non-specific LBP among adults and reported results separate from other belief domains. RESULTS A total of 81 studies were included, of which 62 (77%) had cross sectional designs, 11 (14%) were cohort studies, 3 (4%) randomized controlled trials, 4 (5%) non-randomized controlled trials, and 1 (1%) case control. Only 15 studies explicitly mentioned cause, triggers, or etiology in the study aim. We identified the use of 6 questionnaires from which a measure of causal beliefs could be obtained. The most frequently used questionnaire was the Illness Perception Questionnaire which was used in 8 of the included studies. The studies covered 308 unique causal belief items which we categorized into 15 categories, the most frequently investigated being causal beliefs related to "structural injury or impairment", which was investigated in 45 (56%) of the studies. The second and third most prevalent categories were related to "lifting and bending" (26 studies [32%]) and "mental or psychological" (24 studies [30%]). CONCLUSION There is a large variation in how causal beliefs are measured and a lack of studies designed to investigate causal beliefs, and of studies determining a longitudinal association between such beliefs and patient outcomes. This scoping review identified an evidence gap and can inspire future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Grøn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Chiropractic Knowledge Hub, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Kasper Bülow
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Centre for Health and Rehabilitation, University College Absalon, Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | - Jakob Degn
- Independent researcher (chiropractic practice)
| | - Alice Kongsted
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Chiropractic Knowledge Hub, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Das B. Ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors for low back pain among rice farmers in West Bengal, India. Work 2022; 72:967-977. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rice farming is considered the most crucial industry in India, where millions of farmers suffer from LBP. OBJECTIVES: The present study’s primary objectives were to evaluate the prevalence of low back pain among India’s rice farmers and determine the relationship between low back pain and ergonomic risk factors and psychosocial factors encountered by the farmers. METHODS: Socio-demographics, ergonomics risk factors and psychosocial factors that cause LBP among rice farmers were examined. Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Oswestry LBP Questionnaire were administered among the farmers to evaluate the LBP. Univariate analysis was done to find out the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals among the farmers. RESULTS: The primary findings from this study regarding the psychosocial factors, such as perceived inadequacy of income (84.7%), job demands (78.1%), work demand targets specific productivity (76.5%), rigidity in work methods (75.3%), monotony at work (73.2 %), have a relationship with LBP. The results also revealed that the relationship between the low back pain and ergonomic risk factors, such as repetitiveness (OR- 4.215; 95% CI- 2.551–6.965), working in awkward posture (OR- 85.82; 95% CI- 43.134–170.77), lifting loads (OR- 0.281; 95% CI- 0.125–0.324), pulling loads (OR- 0.274; 95% CI- 0.173–0.434), showed significant relationship with LBP in the univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of LBP among rice farmers connected with ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors. The awkward posture, MMH (lifting and carrying) are the main causative factors of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banibrata Das
- Department of Physiology, South Calcutta Girls’ College, University of Calcutta, 72 Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata 700025, India E-mails: .;
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Kavanagh R, Cooper D, Bolton J, Keaver L. The impact of a 6-week community-based physical activity and health education intervention-a pilot study among Irish farmers. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:433-445. [PMID: 33686569 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a higher prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases among Irish farmers than the general adult population. Lifestyle interventions that increase physical activity and improve dietary patterns have been associated with reduced chronic disease risk and improved quality of life among high-risk populations. The impact of lifestyle interventions among Irish farmers is unknown. AIM To assess the effectiveness of a community-based intervention on farmer health, cardiovascular fitness, lower limb strength endurance, and dietary intake. METHODS A 6-week physical activity and lifestyle education intervention involving two 60-min circuit-based exercise training sessions and one 60-min health education workshop per week was implemented. Pre- and post-measurements included total body weight, body fat percentage, lean muscle mass, resting blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, cardiovascular fitness, lower limb strength, perceived physical and mental health, and dietary intake. RESULTS Thirty farmers completed the intervention giving an adherence rate of 75%. At baseline, mean BMI (32.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2), body fat percent (31.7 ± 6.7), waist circumference (110.2 ± 10.4 cm), systolic (128.7 ± 7.8 mmHg) and diastolic (86.2 ± 6.8 mmHg) blood pressure were higher than recommended levels. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were found for total body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, cardiovascular fitness, lower limb strength endurance, systolic blood pressure, total energy, total fat, total unsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, saturated fat, trans fat, total carbohydrate, sodium, cholesterol and percentage energy intakes of total fat, saturated fat, protein, and physical and mental health scores. CONCLUSIONS Irish farmers remain at high risk of developing chronic diseases but respond positively to lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Kavanagh
- Department of Health and Nutritional Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Co. Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland.,True Fitness, Portarlington, Co. Laois, Ireland
| | | | - John Bolton
- True Fitness, Portarlington, Co. Laois, Ireland
| | - Laura Keaver
- Department of Health and Nutritional Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Co. Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland.
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Nowrouzi-Kia B, Nadesar N, Casole J. Systematic review: Factors related to injuries in small- and medium-sized enterprises. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2019; 9:57-63. [PMID: 31334046 PMCID: PMC6625323 DOI: 10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_78_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the antecedent factors of workplace injuries in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). A customized systematic review protocol included the research question, literature search, quality appraisal, data management and extraction, and evidence synthesis. The evidence was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists and the Cochrane Collaboration “Risk of Bias” assessment tools. A total of 1355 articles were identified before duplicate removal. Ten articles were relevant to the study objective. Of these, two articles examined antecedents related to physical injuries, three examined those related to psychological injuries, and four focused on a combination. Antecedent factors included older workers, unsafe acts, unsafe working conditions, accident type and type of work performed, trips and falls, loss in productivity, social isolation, financial stress, and lack of employer support during the return to the workplace. The findings of this systematic review support the need for increased research to identify antecedent factors associated with injury in SMEs. Research should focus on interventions to mitigate injury rates that associate employees with employers, thus promoting collaboration in augmenting health and safety in SMEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nirusa Nadesar
- Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Casole
- Department of Special Education, Loretto College, Toronto, Canada
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Udom C, Kanlayanaphotporn R, Janwantanakul P. Predictors for Nonspecific Low Back Pain in Rubber Farmers: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Asia Pac J Public Health 2018; 31:7-17. [PMID: 30486658 DOI: 10.1177/1010539518811159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
High prevalence of low back pain (LBP) has been reported among farmers. A number of contributing factors have been associated with LBP. However, predictors for LBP in this population are unknown. This longitudinally designed study aimed to identify the predictors of LBP in a sample of rubber farmers whose work involves heavy manual labor. Three hundred and twenty-seven rubber farmers, aged 18 to 70 years who reported no LBP in the previous year, were face-to-face interviewed and examined physically. The incidence of LBP was assessed monthly. The 12-month incidence of LBP in the cohort was 35%. Having a history of LBP (hazard ratio = 1.55, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-2.30) and an active job (hazard ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval = 1.16-3.40) were the predictors for the new onset of LBP in this sample. These 2 factors could therefore potentially be targeted to prevent or reduce the incidence of LBP in rubber farmers.
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Investigating the Association Between Lower Extremity and Low Back Symptoms Among Saskatchewan Farmers Using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:E1147-E1154. [PMID: 28187075 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-reported low back symptoms and symptoms in the hip, knee, and ankle in a high-risk occupational group. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Low back pain, with or without lower extremity referral, poses a major challenge to occupational productivity, especially in farming. Although low back symptoms can occur independent of lower extremity symptoms, anatomical positioning of nerves supplying the lower limbs means structural and physiological changes in the spine can lead to referred pain in the lower limbs, but the magnitude of the association between low back and lower extremity symptoms is unclear. METHODS Baseline postal questionnaire data from the Saskatchewan Farm Injury Cohort Study yielded surveys from 2653 adults from 1020 farms, who responded to Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) items on "ache, pain, discomfort" in nine body parts during the last 12 months. Bivariate and multivariate regression modeling was performed with low back symptoms as the outcome and lower extremity symptoms as the independent variable. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, depression, and heavy lifting, low back symptom was significantly related with hip pain (odds ratio [OR] = 3.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.04-4.84), knee pain (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.49-2.28), and ankle pain (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.40-2.29). Results showed a significant but decreasing relationship to low back symptoms as sites became more distal. CONCLUSION Hip and low back symptoms are highly associated, suggesting a common mechanism may be at work. Although there appears be increased risk of knee and ankle region symptoms among those with back pain, the SNQ is not designed to differentiate types of referred symptoms (i.e., numbness, tingling, shooting pain) and/or clinical diagnoses. Other tools, possibly corroborated with clinical examination findings, are likely necessary for a more thorough investigation of referred pain patterns in this high-risk occupational group. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Masci F, Tassoni M, Bossi M, Magenta Biasina A, Serrao G, Rosecrance J, Colosio C. Assessing the effects of biomechanical overload on dairy parlor workers' wrist: Definition of a study approach and preliminary results. Work 2017; 55:747-756. [PMID: 28059827 DOI: 10.3233/wor-162462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy milking is a demanding work task that has been associated with hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders. Clinical approaches to identify the early effects of musculoskeletal disorders among dairy parlor workers' wrist have not been well defined. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this pilot study was to develop a study protocol that would assist in the identification and quantification of hand and wrist disorders among dairy workers that perform tasks in the dairy parlor. Additionally, such a study protocol was needed to perform relatively rapid assessments of the wrist/hand on large samples of dairy workers. METHODS Fourteen dairy parlor workers were assessed for i) upper limb symptoms and work history through questionnaire, ii) a physical examination of the upper limb and in particular wrists and iii) wrist ultrasonography. An additional 21 unexposed paired participants (the control group) also participated in the data collection. RESULTS The study results identified two ultrasound acoustic windows characterized by the highest predictive value for alteration of the wrist's structure. Study results indicated an impairment of the distal median nerve in structure and mobility and impairment of the distal tendon of the muscle extensor carpi ulnaris that included dislocation and frank damage. CONCLUSIONS This study identified at least two acoustic windows that should be assessed with ultrasound studies on larger groups and in prospective periodical health surveillance of dairy workers. The study confirmed the wrist was at risk for biomechanical stress among workers conducting milking tasks in the dairy parlors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Masci
- Department of Health Sciences of the University of Milan and International Center for Rural Health of San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tassoni
- San Paolo Ultrasounds Medical School, S. Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bossi
- Department of Health Sciences of the University of Milan and International Center for Rural Health of San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A Magenta Biasina
- San Paolo Ultrasounds Medical School, S. Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Serrao
- San Paolo Ultrasounds Medical School, S. Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - J Rosecrance
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C Colosio
- Department of Health Sciences of the University of Milan and International Center for Rural Health of San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Udom C, Janwantanakul P, Kanlayanaphotporn R. The prevalence of low back pain and its associated factors in Thai rubber farmers. J Occup Health 2016; 58:534-542. [PMID: 27725486 PMCID: PMC5373904 DOI: 10.1539/joh.16-0044-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in the general population, especially among manual laborers. Moreover, it often brings about lost wages and additional medical expenses. However, the potential risk factors for LBP are unknown. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of LBP and to determine the individual, occupational, and psychosocial factors associated with LBP among rubber farmers. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 450 Thai rubber farmers using cluster random sampling. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and objective examination and were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Of the 433 rubber farmers, the point and 12-month prevalence of LBP in rubber farmers was 33% and 55.7%, respectively. BMI, primary school education, exposure to pesticides, and tapping below knee level were statistically associated with LBP after controlling for other variables. Conclusions: Low back pain is common among rubber farmers. Only four factors were identified as being associated with the high prevalence of LBP. However, these factors might be altered if more variables are taken into account. Further research investigating the causal relation between these factors and LBP should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadayu Udom
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University
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Osborne A, Blake C, Meredith D, McNamara J, Phelan J, Cunningham C. The lived experience of low back pain among Irish farmers: case studies. J Agromedicine 2015; 19:181-90. [PMID: 24911693 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2014.884381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) among farmers. There is limited researching regarding the lived experience of LBP among farmers. Video interviews were conducted with three dairy farmers who reported having a significant episode of LBP. The interview data were transcribed and analyzed, and results were presented in relation to the constructs explored. The farmers experienced their first significant episode of LBP in their late 20s or early 30s and all attributed their LBP to farm work or a farm-related incident. Hours worked per day ranged from 9 to 13 hours. Tasks identified by farmers that they were unable to do due to LBP included physical work, working with sheep, building work, and "certain jobs." Work changes made due to LBP included getting help, slowing down, avoiding strenuous work, carrying smaller loads, mechanizing the farm, using the tractor more, and wearing a back belt for certain jobs. Each farmer had his own way of preventing or managing his LBP, including a mix of active self-management and passive coping strategies such as swimming, using ice, spinal manipulation, and taking medication. The farmers were unable to quantify how much their LBP had cost them directly or indirectly. The case studies illustrate farmers engaging in ongoing work despite significant pain. All of the farmers have adapted at work and engaged in self-management strategies to reduce the occurrence of LBP. Given the rich data produced by these case studies, future case studies are recommended to gain greater insights into farmers' experiences concerning LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Osborne
- a Aoife Osborne is affiliated with the Centre for Men's Health, Department of Science and Health , Institute of Technology Carlow , Carlow , Ireland
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Keawduangdee P, Puntumetakul R, Swangnetr M, Laohasiriwong W, Settheetham D, Yamauchi J, Boucaut R. Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among farmers during the rice transplanting process. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2239-45. [PMID: 26311961 PMCID: PMC4540856 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of low back pain and
associated factors in Thai rice farmers during the rice transplanting process. [Subjects
and Methods] Three hundred and forty-four farmers, aged 20–59 years old, were asked to
answer a questionnaire modified from the Standard Nordic Questionnaire (Thai version). The
questionnaire sought demographic, back-related, and psychosocial data. [Results] The
results showed that the prevalence of low back pain was 83.1%. Farmers younger than
45 years old who worked in the field fewer than six days were more likely to experience
low back pain than those who worked for at least six days. Farmers with high stress levels
were more likely to have low back pain. [Conclusion] In the rice transplanting process,
the low back pain experienced by the farmers was associated with the weekly work duration
and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petcharat Keawduangdee
- Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand ; Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Rungthip Puntumetakul
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Thailand ; School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Manida Swangnetr
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Thailand ; Program of Production Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Wongsa Laohasiriwong
- Department of Public Health Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Board Committee of Research and Training Centre for Enhancing Quality of Life of Working Age People (REQW), Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Dariwan Settheetham
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Junichiro Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Human Health Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan ; Future Institute for Sport Science, Japan
| | - Rose Boucaut
- School of Health Science (Physiotherapy), University of South Australia, Australia
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Samini F, Gharedaghi M, Khajavi M, Samini M. The etiologies of low back pain in patients with lumbar disk herniation. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e15670. [PMID: 25763198 PMCID: PMC4329753 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.15670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common complaint in population that lowers the quality of life. The main etiology of LBP is recognized in about 20% of patients while it is attributed to lumbar disk herniation (LDH) in 80% of cases and causes some unnecessary lumbar surgeries without realizing the definite cause. OBJECTIVES This study was planned to evaluate the etiologies of LBP in patients who had LDH to clarify whether the disc herniation is the main cause of patients` pain or other diseases were responsible for this kind of pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the medical profiles of the patients with proven LDH in a private clinic in Mashhad City, Iran, between 2005 and 2012, for demographic and the etiologies of LBP with clinical and paraclinical studies. We also calculated the incidence of each etiology by SPSS 13. RESULTS In our study, among 1250 patients with proven LDH by MRI, 500 patients (40%) had chronic LBP and the most common causes of LBP were heavy constant working (40.2%), osteoporosis (35.6%), and sacroiliac joint pain (34.6%), consecutively. Interestingly, LDH had the ninth rank among the common cause of LBP. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that in spite of previous beliefs, discopathies were not common etiologies of LBP. Thus, even in patients with proven LDH by imaging studies, the physician should perform a thorough evaluation for other causes of LBP to avoid unnecessary lumbar surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Samini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Gharedaghi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Khajavi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Samini
- Research Center of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohammad Samini, Research Center of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9151111343, Fax: +98-5118012613, E-mail:
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