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Asamoah-Boaheng M, Grunau B, Karim ME, Kirkham TL, Demers PA, MacDonald C, Goldfarb DM. The Association of Post-COVID-19-Related Symptoms and Preceding Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Fully Vaccinated Paramedics in Canada. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1019-1025. [PMID: 37930308 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the association between previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and risk of symptoms associated with post-COVID conditions among fully vaccinated paramedics in Canada. We included vaccinated paramedics who provided blood sample and questionnaire data on the same date during the study period. We examined the presence of symptoms associated with post-COVID conditions and depression severity against prior SARS-CoV-2 infection categories. Compared to the "no previous SARS-CoV-2 infection" group, there was no detected association between known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR], 1.42 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.96-2.09]), nor unknown prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.29-1.00]), and the presence of symptoms associated with post-COVID conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Grunau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | | | - Tracy L Kirkham
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - Paul A Demers
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - Chris MacDonald
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - David M Goldfarb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Alejo JL, Chiang TPY, Frey S, Nair GA, Abedon AT, Nauroz Z, Karaba AH, Avery RK, Tobian AA, Clarke WA, Garonzik-Wang JM, Segev DL, Massie AB, Werbel WA. Letter to the editor: Poor sensitivity of anti-nucleocapsid antibody in detecting prior COVID-19 in vaccinated solid organ transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15233. [PMID: 38289891 PMCID: PMC10832987 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Alejo
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | | | - Sarah Frey
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Goutham A. Nair
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
| | - Aura T. Abedon
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Zeba Nauroz
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Andrew H. Karaba
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Robin K. Avery
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Aaron A.R. Tobian
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - William A. Clarke
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | | | - Dorry L. Segev
- Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Allan B. Massie
- Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - William A. Werbel
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
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Springer DN, Reuberger E, Borsodi C, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Weseslindtner L. Comparison of anti-nucleocapsid antibody assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron vaccine breakthroughs after various intervals since the infection. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29229. [PMID: 37966995 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Antibody assays with the nucleocapsid (NC) protein as the target antigen can identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections when polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses are unavailable. Regarding the kinetics of NC-specific antibodies, vaccine breakthroughs with Omicron subvariants may differ from infections with the ancestral wild-type virus. Therefore, we evaluated which assays have the highest sensitivity for detecting NC-specific antibodies after various intervals since breakthrough infections with an Omicron subvariant. The study included 279 samples from vaccinated subjects who experienced PCR-confirmed Omicron breakthrough infections between 21 and 266 days before sampling. The samples were comparatively assessed with the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N (Roche), the Anti-SARS-CoV-2-NCP-ELISA (Euroimmun), the recomLine SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Mikrogen), and the SARS-CoV-2 ViraChip IgG assays (Viramed). In the whole cohort, the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N assay displayed the highest sensitivity (93%, p < 0.0001), followed by the recomLine SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay (70%), the SARS-CoV-2 ViraChip IgG assay (41%) and the Anti-SARS-CoV-2-NCP-ELISA (35%). Although measured antibody levels and time-dependent sensitivities differed, the extent of the antibody decrease was similar among all assays. As demonstrated by this study, manufacturer-dependent differences in the sensitivities of NC-specific antibody assays should be considered when serology is applied to link previous SARS-CoV-2 infections with potential post-COVID sequelae.
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O’Brien SF, Caffrey N, Yi QL, Bolotin S, Janjua NZ, Binka M, Thanh CQ, Stein DR, Lang A, Colquhoun A, Pambrun C, Reedman CN, Drews SJ. Cross-Canada Variability in Blood Donor SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence by Social Determinants of Health. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0335622. [PMID: 36625634 PMCID: PMC9927354 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03356-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibodies in blood donors across Canadian regions in 2021. The seroprevalence was the highest in Alberta and the Prairies, and it was so low in Atlantic Canada that few correlates were observed. Being male and of young age were predictive of seropositivity. Racialization was associated with higher seroprevalence in British Columbia and Ontario but not in Alberta and the Prairies. Living in a materially deprived neighborhood predicted higher seroprevalence, but it was more linear across quintiles in Alberta and the Prairies, whereas in British Columbia and Ontario, the most affluent 60% were similarly low and the most deprived 40% similarly elevated. Living in a more socially deprived neighborhood (more single individuals and one parent families) was associated with lower seroprevalence in British Columbia and Ontario but not in Alberta and the Prairies. These data show striking variability in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across regions by social determinants of health. IMPORTANCE Canadian blood donors are a healthy adult population that shows clear disparities associated with racialization and material deprivation. This underscores the pervasiveness of the socioeconomic gradient on SARS-CoV-2 infections in Canada. We identify regional differences in the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and social determinants of health. Cross-Canada studies, such as ours, are rare because health information is under provincial jurisdiction and is not available in sufficient detail in national data sets, whereas other national seroprevalence studies have insufficient sample sizes for regional comparisons. Ours is the largest seroprevalence study in Canada. An important strength of our study is the interpretation input from a public health team that represented multiple Canadian provinces. Our blood donor seroprevalence study has informed Canadian public health policy at national and provincial levels since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila F. O’Brien
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niamh Caffrey
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi-Long Yi
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelly Bolotin
- Center for Vaccine Preventable Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naveed Z. Janjua
- BC Centre for Disease Control, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mawuena Binka
- BC Centre for Disease Control, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Caroline Quach Thanh
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Infection Prevention & Control, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derek R. Stein
- Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Amanda Lang
- Roy Romanow Provincial laboratory, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Amy Colquhoun
- Population Health Assessment, Alberta Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chantale Pambrun
- Medical Affairs & Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cassandra N. Reedman
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J. Drews
- Medical Microbiology Department, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Division of Diagnostic and Applied Microbiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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