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Yamamoto N, Xiang G, Tong W, Lv B, Guo Y, Wu Y, Peng Z, Yang Z. Over-expression of a plant-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase derails Arabidopsis stamen formation. Gene 2024; 927:148749. [PMID: 38969247 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
We examined whether plant-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is involved in flower organ formation or not by over-expression in Arabidopsis. A wheat PEPC isogene Tappc3A, belonging to the ppc3 group, was targeted due to its preferential expression pattern in pistils and stamens. Transgenic Arabidopsis over-expressing Tappc3A exhibited irregular stamen formation, i.e., a lesser number of stamens per flower and shorter filaments in T2 and T3 generations. Irregular stamens were frequently observed in homozygous T4 lines, but no morphological change was observed in other floral organs. High-degree gene co-expression of Tappc3 isogenes with wheat SEEDSTICKs but not with other homeotic transcription factor genes for flower formation implicates that Tappc3 is under control by the class D genes of the ABCDE model to flower development. In addition, the conservation of CArG box sequences on the Tappc3 promoters supported the developmentally programmed gene expression of ppc3 in wheat flowering organs. Thus, this study provides the first experimental evidence for the critical regulation of plant-type PEPC for flower formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamamoto
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Guili Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Wurina Tong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Bingbing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuhuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yichao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhengsong Peng
- School of Agricultural Science, Xichang College, Xichang, China
| | - Zaijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China.
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Tabeta H, Hirai MY. l-2-Aminopimelic acid acts as an auxin mimic to induce lateral root formation across diverse plant species. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1855-1863. [PMID: 38782630 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The identification of chemicals that modulate plant development and adaptive responses to stresses has attracted increasing attention for agricultural applications. Recent basic studies have identified functional amino acids that are essential for plant organogenesis, indicating that amino acids can regulate plant growth. In this study, we newly identified 2-aminopimelic acid (2APA), a nonproteinogenic amino acid, as a novel bioactive compound involved in root morphogenesis. This biological effect was confirmed in several plant species. Our phenotypic analysis revealed that the bioactive 2APA is an l-form stereoisomer. Overall, our study identified a promising root growth regulator and provided insight into the intricate metabolism related to root morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masami Y Hirai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Japan
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Li Z, Sun X, Pan J, Wang T, Li Y, Li X, Hou S. Combining No-Tillage with Hairy Vetch Return Improves Production and Nitrogen Utilization in Silage Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2084. [PMID: 39124202 PMCID: PMC11313950 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The combination of no-till farming and green manure is key to nourishing the soil and increasing crop yields. However, it remains unclear how to enhance the efficiency of green manure under no-till conditions. We conducted a two-factor field trial of silage maize rotated with hairy vetch to test the effects of tillage methods and returning. Factor 1 is the type of tillage, which is divided into conventional ploughing and no-tillage; factor 2 is the different ways of returning hairy vetch as green manure, which were also compared: no return (NM), stubble return (H), mulching (HM), turnover (HR, for CT only), and live coverage (LM, for NT only). Our findings indicate that different methods of returning hairy vetch to the field will improve maize yield and quality. The best results were obtained in CT and NT in HM and LM, respectively. Specifically, HM resulted in the highest dry matter quality and yield, with improvements of 35.4% and 31.9% over NM under CT, respectively. It also demonstrated the best economic and net energy performance. However, other treatments had no significant effect on the beneficial utilization and return of nutrients. The LM improved yields under NT by boosting soil enzyme activity, promoting nitrogen transformation and accumulation, and increasing nitrogen use efficiency for better kernel development. Overall, NTLM is best at utilizing and distributing soil nutrients and increasing silage maize yield. This finding supports the eco-efficient cultivation approach in silage maize production in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Xingrong Sun
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Jie Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Z.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Rapeseed Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, China;
| | - Yuan Li
- Grasslands and Sustainable Farming, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Halolantie 31A, FI-71750 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Xiuting Li
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuai Hou
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
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Guo Z, He H, Liu K, Li Z, Xi Y, Liao Z, Dao G, Huang B, Pan X. Toxic mechanisms of the antiviral drug arbidol on microalgae in algal bloom water at transcriptomic level. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134678. [PMID: 38781856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasing antivirals in surface water caused by their excessive consumption pose serious threats to aquatic organisms. Our recent research found that the input of antiviral drug arbidol to algal bloom water can induce acute toxicity to the growth and metabolism of Microcystis aeruginosa, resulting in growth inhibition, as well as decrease in chlorophyll and ATP contents. However, the toxic mechanisms involved remained obscure, which were further investigated through transcriptomic analysis in this study. The results indicated that 885-1248 genes in algae were differentially expressed after exposure to 0.01-10.0 mg/L of arbidol, with the majority being down-regulated. Analysis of commonly down-regulated genes found that the cellular response to oxidative stress and damaged DNA bonding were affected, implying that the stress defense system and DNA repair function of algae might be damaged. The down-regulation of genes in porphyrin metabolism, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation might inhibit chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, and ATP supply, thereby hindering the growth and metabolism of algae. Moreover, the down-regulation of genes related to nucleotide metabolism and DNA replication might influence the reproduction of algae. These findings provided effective strategies to elucidate toxic mechanisms of contaminants on algae in algal bloom water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Guo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Kunqian Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zihui Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yanting Xi
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhicheng Liao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guohua Dao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Zou M, Zhang D, Liu Y, Chen Z, Xu T, Ma Z, Li J, Zhang W, Huang Z, Pan X. Integrative proteome and metabolome unveil the central role of IAA alteration in axillary bud development following topping in tobacco. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15309. [PMID: 38961197 PMCID: PMC11222511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Axillary bud is an important aspect of plant morphology, contributing to the final tobacco yield. However, the mechanisms of axillary bud development in tobacco remain largely unknown. To investigate this aspect of tobacco biology, the metabolome and proteome of the axillary buds before and after topping were compared. A total of 569 metabolites were differentially abundant before and 1, 3, and 5 days after topping. KEGG analyses further revealed that the axillary bud was characterized by a striking enrichment of metabolites involved in flavonoid metabolism, suggesting a strong flavonoid biosynthesis activity in the tobacco axillary bud after topping. Additionally, 9035 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified before and 1, 3, and 5 days after topping. Subsequent GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DEPs in the axillary bud were enriched in oxidative stress, hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, and starch and sucrose metabolism. The integrated proteome and metabolome analysis revealed that the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) alteration in buds control dormancy release and sustained growth of axillary bud by regulating proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Notably, the proteins related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and flavonoid biosynthesis were strongly negatively correlated with IAA content. These findings shed light on a critical role of IAA alteration in regulating axillary bud outgrowth, and implied a potential crosstalk among IAA alteration, ROS homeostasis, and flavonoid biosynthesis in tobacco axillary bud under topping stress, which could improve our understanding of the IAA alteration in axillary bud as an important regulator of axillary bud development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangzhou, 510610, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangzhou, 510610, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zepeng Chen
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangzhou, 510610, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tingyu Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhuwen Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiqin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhenrui Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoying Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Li J, Ackah M, Amoako FK, Cui Z, Sun L, Li H, Tsigbey VE, Zhao M, Zhao W. Metabolomics and physio-chemical analyses of mulberry plants leaves response to manganese deficiency and toxicity reveal key metabolites and their pathways in manganese tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1349456. [PMID: 38911982 PMCID: PMC11192020 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1349456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Manganese (Mn) plays a pivotal role in plant growth and development. Aside aiding in plant growth and development, Mn as heavy metal (HM) can be toxic in soil when applied in excess. Morus alba is an economically significant plant, capable of adapting to a range of environmental conditions and possessing the potential for phytoremediation of contaminated soil by HMs. The mechanism by which M. alba tolerates Mn stresses remains obscure. Methods In this study, Mn concentrations comprising sufficiency (0.15 mM), higher regimes (1.5 mM and 3 mM), and deficiency (0 mM and 0.03 mM), were applied to M. alba in pot treatment for 21 days to understand M. alba Mn tolerance. Mn stress effects on the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), chlorophyll content, plant morphological traits, enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters were analyzed as well as metabolome signatures via non-targeted LC-MS technique. Results Mn deficiency and toxicity decrease plant biomass, Pn, Ci, Gs, Tr, and chlorophyll content. Mn stresses induced a decline in the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while peroxidase (POD) activity, and leaf Mn content, increased. Soluble sugars, soluble proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline exhibited an elevation in Mn deficiency and toxicity concentrations. Metabolomic analysis indicates that Mn concentrations induced 1031 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), particularly amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, benzene and derivatives and secondary metabolites. The DEMs are significantly enriched in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, galactose metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, pentose phosphate pathway, carbon metabolism, etc. Discussion and conclusion The upregulation of Galactinol, Myo-inositol, Jasmonic acid, L-aspartic acid, Coproporphyrin I, Trigonelline, Pantothenol, and Pantothenate and their significance in the metabolic pathways makes them Mn stress tolerance metabolites in M. alba. Our findings reveal the fundamental understanding of DEMs in M. alba's response to Mn nutrition and the metabolic mechanisms involved, which may hold potential significance for the advancement of M. alba genetic improvement initiatives and phytoremediation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Michael Ackah
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Zipei Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - LongWei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Victor Edem Tsigbey
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengdi Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
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Svietlova N, Zhyr L, Reichelt M, Grabe V, Mithöfer A. Glutamine as sole nitrogen source prevents induction of nitrate transporter gene NRT2.4 and affects amino acid metabolism in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1369543. [PMID: 38633457 PMCID: PMC11022244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1369543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Plants assimilate inorganic nitrogen (N) to glutamine. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in most plant species, the N-supplying precursor of all N-containing compounds in the cell and the first organic nitrogen molecule formed from inorganic nitrogen taken up by the roots. In addition to its role in plant nutrition, glutamine most likely also has a function as a signaling molecule in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism. We investigated whether glutamine influences the high-affinity transporter system for nitrate uptake. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of the nitrate transporter NRT2.4, which is inducible by N deficiency, in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under different nitrogen starvation scenarios, comparing nitrate or glutamine as the sole nitrogen source. Using the reporter line ProNRT2.4:GFP and two independent knockout lines, nrt2.4-1 and nrt2.4-2, we analyzed gene expression and amino acid profiles. We showed that the regulation of NRT2.4 expression depends on available nitrogen in general, for example on glutamine as a nitrogen source, and not specifically on nitrate. In contrast to high nitrate concentrations, amino acid profiles changed to an accumulation of amino acids containing more than one nitrogen during growth in high glutamine concentrations, indicating a switch to nitrogen storage metabolism. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the nrt2.4-2 line shows unexpected effects on NRT2.5 gene expression and the amino acids profile in shoots under high glutamine supply conditions compared to Arabidopsis wild type and nrt2.4-1, suggesting non-NRT2.4-related metabolic consequences in this knockout line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Svietlova
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Liza Zhyr
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Veit Grabe
- Microscopic Imaging Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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Li R, Zhou Z, Zhao X, Li J. Application of Tryptophan and Methionine in Broccoli Seedlings Enhances Formation of Anticancer Compounds Sulforaphane and Indole-3-Carbinol and Promotes Growth. Foods 2024; 13:696. [PMID: 38472809 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Broccoli is a popular cruciferous vegetable that is well known for its abundant health-promoting biochemicals. The most important of these beneficial biochemicals are glucosinolates, including glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin. Glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin can be broken down by myrosinases into sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, which have been demonstrated to have potent cancer-preventive properties. Efforts to increase glucoraphanin in broccoli seedlings have long been a focus; however, increasing glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin simultaneously, as well as enhancing myrosinase activity to release more sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, have yet to be investigated. This study aims to investigate the impact of the combined application of tryptophan and methionine on the accumulation of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, as well as their precursors. Furthermore, we also examined whether this application has any effects on seedling growth and the presence of other beneficial compounds. We found that the application of methionine and tryptophan not only increased the glucoraphanin content by 2.37 times and the glucobrassicin content by 3.01 times, but that it also caused a higher myrosinase activity, resulting in a1.99 times increase in sulforaphane and a 3.05 times increase in indole-3-carbinol. In addition, better plant growth and an increase in amino acids and flavonoids were observed in broccoli seedlings with this application. In conclusion, the simultaneous application of tryptophan and methionine to broccoli seedlings can effectively enhance their health-promoting value and growth. Our study provides a cost-effective and multi-benefit strategy for improving the health value and yield of broccoli seedlings, benefiting both consumers and farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zihuan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Hirai MY, Mizutani M, Nakamura Y. Revisiting Plant Metabolite Functions. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1433-1435. [PMID: 38079218 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Yokota Hirai
- Metabolic Systems Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Masaharu Mizutani
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Plant Lipid Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
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Baiyin B, Xiang Y, Hu J, Tagawa K, Son JE, Yamada S, Yang Q. Nutrient Solution Flowing Environment Affects Metabolite Synthesis Inducing Root Thigmomorphogenesis of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) in Hydroponics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16616. [PMID: 38068940 PMCID: PMC10706437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal difference between hydroponics and other substrate cultivation methods is the flowing liquid hydroponic cultivation substrate. Our previous studies have revealed that a suitable flowing environment of nutrient solution promoted root development and plant growth, while an excess flow environment was unfavorable for plants. To explain the thigmomorphogenetic response of excess flow-induced metabolic changes, six groups of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), including two flow conditions and three time periods, were grown. Compared with the plants without flow, the plants with flow showed decreased root fresh weight, total root length, root surface area, and root volume but increased average root diameter and root density. The roots with flow had more upregulated metabolites than those without flow, suggesting that the flow may trigger metabolic synthesis and activity. Seventy-nine common differential metabolites among six groups were screened, and enrichment analysis showed the most significant enrichment in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Arginine was present in all the groups and exhibited greater concentrations in roots with flow than without flow. It can be speculated from the results that a high-flowing environment of nutrient solution promotes arginine synthesis, resulting in changes in root morphology. The findings provide insights on root thigmomorphogenesis affected by its growing conditions and help understand how plants respond to environmental mechanical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bateer Baiyin
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Yue Xiang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiangtao Hu
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Kotaro Tagawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Qichang Yang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
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