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Zha J, He J, Wu C, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhang J. Designing drugs and chemical probes with the dualsteric approach. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8651-8677. [PMID: 37990599 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00650f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, drugs are monovalent, targeting only one site on the protein surface. This includes orthosteric and allosteric drugs, which bind the protein at orthosteric and allosteric sites, respectively. Orthosteric drugs are good in potency, whereas allosteric drugs have better selectivity and are solutions to classically undruggable targets. However, it would be difficult to simultaneously reach high potency and selectivity when targeting only one site. Also, both kinds of monovalent drugs suffer from mutation-caused drug resistance. To overcome these obstacles, dualsteric modulators have been proposed in the past twenty years. Compared to orthosteric or allosteric drugs, dualsteric modulators are bivalent (or bitopic) with two pharmacophores. Each of the two pharmacophores bind the protein at the orthosteric and an allosteric site, which could bring the modulator with special properties beyond monovalent drugs. In this study, we comprehensively review the current development of dualsteric modulators. Our main effort reason and illustrate the aims to apply the dualsteric approach, including a "double win" of potency and selectivity, overcoming mutation-caused drug resistance, developments of function-biased modulators, and design of partial agonists. Moreover, the strengths of the dualsteric technique also led to its application outside pharmacy, including the design of highly sensitive fluorescent tracers and usage as molecular rulers. Besides, we also introduced drug targets, designing strategies, and validation methods of dualsteric modulators. Finally, we detail the conclusions and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyin Zha
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cheng N, Yang L, Dai N, Hu Z, Yang F, Chen R, Cheng X, Zhou J, Huang Y, Su Z. A novel strategy to prepare the precursor peptide of liraglutide. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Sang Y, Zhou T, Li H, Ran Y, Jiang D, Zheng F, Chen Y, Wang C, Zou X. A new long-acting GLP-1 derivative KTP ameliorates hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia and improves pancreas and fatty liver in db/db mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-5915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Filfil R, Paul-Roc B, Cantin C, Iqbal U, Tolkatchev D, Vinogradova A, Xu P, Ni F, O'Connor-McCourt MD, Lenferink AE. Molecular imaging of breast tumors using a near-infrared fluorescently labeled clusterin binding peptide. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:E681-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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5
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Li H, Ma Y, Chen Y, Sang Y, Zhou T, Qiu M, Huang X, Zhou C, Su Z. A protease-based strategy for the controlled release of therapeutic peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:4930-3. [PMID: 20540123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
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Adjémian J, Anne A, Cauet G, Demaille C. Cleavage-sensing redox peptide monolayers for the rapid measurement of the proteolytic activity of trypsin and alpha-thrombin enzymes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:10347-10356. [PMID: 20329721 DOI: 10.1021/la100397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ferrocene (Fc)-labeled peptides are end-grafted onto gold electrodes via a flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker, and their ability to act as substrates for proteolytic enzymes trypsin and alpha-thrombin is investigated by cyclic voltammetry. It is shown that whereas a short Fc-tetrapeptide substrate is rapidly cleaved by trypsin, a longer Fc-heptapeptide substrate is required for alpha-thrombin detection. However, in both cases it is observed that not all of the Fc-peptide chains present on the electrode surface are cleavable by the proteases and that the cleavage yield is actually controlled by the surface coverage in the Fc-peptide. Surface dilution of the Fc-peptide using a backfilling molecule such as MCH (6-mercapto-1-hexanol) was required to obtain a cleavage yield larger than 80%. The kinetics of Fc-peptide cleavage by trypsin or alpha-thrombin is then shown to be adequately described by Michaelis Menten kinetics, allowing enzymatic constants k(cat) and K(M) to be determined. The obtained rate constant values showed that the affinity of the enzymes for their respective Fc-peptide substrates is very high (i.e., low K(M) values) whereas that for the cleavage step itself is relatively low (low k(cat) values). Partial compensation of these parameters yields a fast response of the Fc-peptide electrodes to the proteases in solution in the 1-1000 nM range. The type of molecule used to backfill the Fc-peptide layers, either MCH or PEG(6) chains, is shown to modulate the activity of the proteases versus the Fc-peptide layers: in particular, the PEG(6) diluent is specifically shown to decrease the ability of alpha-thrombin to cleave its Fc-peptide substrate whereas trypsin activity is unaffected by the presence of PEG chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyne Adjémian
- HORIBA Medical Parc Euromédecine, rue du Caducée, BP7290 34184 Montpellier Cedex 4, France
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Li H, Ma Y, Chen Y, Sang Y, Zhou T, Qiu M, Huang X, Zhou C, Su Z. A Protease-Based Strategy for the Controlled Release of Therapeutic Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Structural characterization of the Z RING-eIF4E complex reveals a distinct mode of control for eIF4E. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:5441-6. [PMID: 20212144 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0909877107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E, a potent oncogene, is highly regulated. One class of eIF4E regulators, including eIF4G and the 4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs), interact with eIF4E using a conserved YXXXXLPhi-binding site. The structural basis of this interaction and its regulation are well established. Really Interesting New Gene (RING) domain containing proteins, such as the promyelocytic leukemia protein PML and the arenaviral protein Z, represent a second class of eIF4E regulators that inhibit eIF4E function by decreasing eIF4E's affinity for its m(7)G cap ligand. To elucidate the structural basis of this inhibition, we determined the structure of Z and studied the Z-eIF4E complex using NMR methods. We show that Z interacts with eIF4E via a novel binding site, which has no homology with that of eIF4G or the 4E-BPs, and is different from the RING recognition site used in the ubiquitin system. Z and eIF4G interact with distinct parts of eIF4E and differentially alter the conformation of the m(7)G cap-binding site. Our results provide a molecular basis for how PML and Z RINGs reduce the affinity of eIF4E for the m(7)G cap and thereby act as key inhibitors of eIF4E function. Furthermore, our findings provide unique insights into RING protein interactions.
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Inhibition of pathogenically-related morphologic transition in Candida albicans by disrupting Cdc42 binding to its effectors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009. [PMID: 19400269 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73657-0_202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Development of Polyvalent Peptide-Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Targeted In-Vivo Imaging of Micro-Thrombi. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 611:415-6. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73657-0_179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ng A, Tanha J, Narang S, Ni F. Design, Selection and Binding Mechanism of Bivalent Miniproteins Targeting Human Thrombin. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 611:417-8. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73657-0_180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Identification of 31 novel mutations in the F8 gene in Spanish hemophilia A patients: structural analysis of 20 missense mutations suggests new intermolecular binding sites. Blood 2008; 111:3468-78. [PMID: 18184865 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-08-108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia A (HA) is an X-linked bleeding disorder caused by a wide variety of mutations in the factor 8 (F8) gene, leading to absent or deficient factor VIII (FVIII). We analyzed the F8 gene of 267 unrelated Spanish patients with HA. After excluding patients with the common intron-1 and intron-22 inversions and large deletions, we detected 137 individuals with small mutations, 31 of which had not been reported previously. Eleven of these were nonsense, frameshift, and splicing mutations, whereas 20 were missense changes. We assessed the impact of the 20 substitutions based on currently available information about FV and FVIII structure and function relationship, including previously reported results of replacements at these and topologically equivalent positions. Although most changes are likely to cause gross structural perturbations and concomitant cofactor instability, p.Ala375Ser is predicted to affect cofactor activation. Finally, 3 further mutations (p.Pro64Arg, p.Gly494Val, and p.Asp2267Gly) appear to affect cofactor interactions with its carrier protein, von Willebrand factor, with the scavenger receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), and/or with the substrate of the FVIIIapi*FIXa (Xase) complex, factor X. Characterization of these novel mutations is important for adequate genetic counseling in HA families, but also contributes to a better understanding of FVIII structure-function relationship.
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Su Z, Li H, Li Y, Ni F. Inhibition of the Pathogenically Related Morphologic Transition in Candida albicans by Disrupting Cdc42 Binding to Its Effectors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 14:1273-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Li H, Zhou CX, Su JZ. Chemical ligation and cleavage on solid support facilitate recombinant peptide purification. Protein Expr Purif 2006; 50:238-46. [PMID: 17049267 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2006] [Revised: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant peptide technology offers a promising means alternative to chemical synthesis and natural extraction of peptides. The bottleneck in the process of recombinant peptide production is the paucity of efficient purification protocols to eliminate heterogeneity of the desired preparation. Here, we introduce a combination strategy to facilitate purification of recombinant therapeutic peptide via native chemical ligation and chemical cleavage on a solid support. In this study, one promising therapeutic peptide called for type-2 diabetes, GLP-1(7-37), was prepared with high yield and purity without an expensive HPLC purification. Furthermore, this method is also useful for the preparation of isotopically labeled NMR peptide samples. Hopefully, this strategy combining chemical ligation with chemical cleavage on a solid support will ameliorate the production of important recombinant pharmaceutical peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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